:00:00. > :00:10.Hello. This is BBC World News. Our top stories: Violence on the streets
:00:10. > :00:18.of Brazil's two biggest cities, as peaceful protests are hijacked by
:00:18. > :00:23.masked demonstrators. Menthol cigarettes and packets of
:00:23. > :00:26.ten could be banned under tough new European regulations being voted on
:00:26. > :00:29.today. A failure to bring stability - the
:00:29. > :00:35.Afghan President gives a damning assessment of NATO's 12-year
:00:35. > :00:39.military campaign. The entire military exercise was one
:00:39. > :00:47.that caused Afghanistan a lot of suffering. And a lot of loss of
:00:47. > :00:51.life. And the armed robbery that didn't go
:00:51. > :01:09.quite to plan - we'll tell you what happened next.
:01:09. > :01:19.Hello and welcome. Police have used tear gas at protestors in the city
:01:19. > :01:22.of Rio de Janeiro, after a demonstration by thousands of
:01:22. > :01:25.teachers ended in violence. The march began as a peaceful protest
:01:25. > :01:28.calling for more money for public education. But as night fell, a
:01:28. > :01:30.group of masked young men hijacked the protest, throwing firebombs at
:01:31. > :01:34.public buildings and banks. Jefferson Puff from the BBC's Brazil
:01:34. > :01:38.Service told me more about who these masked men were thought to be. It is
:01:39. > :01:45.believed they belong to the black box, an anarchist group that has
:01:45. > :01:50.been connected to similar protests around the world, in Seattle in the
:01:51. > :01:55.1990s and in Greece as well so it is believed that they share the same
:01:56. > :02:02.ideology. What is the government doing to sort the situation out?
:02:02. > :02:07.Legitimate protests are being hijacked. Exactly, it is interesting
:02:07. > :02:11.to analyse the reaction from the federal government and from the
:02:11. > :02:15.state in the city of Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro in particular because
:02:15. > :02:22.although they consider the protests legitimate, it is clear they have
:02:22. > :02:27.not found the right tone yet to address. For instance some of the
:02:27. > :02:33.reaction from a protest of teachers which happened last week, the police
:02:33. > :02:38.were quite harsh on them so this protest that we saw yesterday, it is
:02:38. > :02:44.kind of connected to this violent reaction. If the police keep being
:02:44. > :02:49.violent, it sparks a circle. What about the original grievance of the
:02:49. > :02:55.teachers, how much do they earn on average? In a federal average all
:02:55. > :03:01.over the country, teachers do not earn that much, but in particular in
:03:01. > :03:03.Rio de Janeiro which is hosting some of the most important marchers of
:03:03. > :03:11.teachers, a teacher will earn around of the most important marchers of
:03:12. > :03:22.£560 a month for a 40 hour week so that is quite underpaid and those
:03:22. > :03:28.people in Brazil will need more. Yes than $1000 a month. What about the
:03:28. > :03:35.wider public reaction now? There has been several months of protests on
:03:35. > :03:38.the streets fairly regularly. Amongst the Brazilian population,
:03:38. > :03:46.there is a sense that now we are entering the fifth month of protest,
:03:46. > :03:50.almost half the year. Some of the most important grievances the
:03:50. > :03:54.general population shares in terms of health, security, education, have
:03:54. > :03:58.been addressed by these marchers so there is a sense they are being
:03:58. > :04:07.represented, but at the same time you can feel that people worry about
:04:07. > :04:12.security and violence and if it is someone you know taking part in
:04:12. > :04:25.these marchers, you would definitely worry about their security.
:04:25. > :04:28.What's the best way to stop young people taking up smoking? The
:04:28. > :04:31.European parliament will vote on a wide-ranging package of new rules
:04:31. > :04:33.today, aimed at making the habit less attractive. The proposal
:04:33. > :04:36.includes a ban on menthol cigarettes, along with other
:04:36. > :04:39.flavoured tobacco. Packs of ten cigarettes would be taken off the
:04:39. > :04:42.shelves. Slim cigarettes would also be forbidden - they tend to be
:04:42. > :04:45.bought by women. And health warnings could cover as much as
:04:45. > :04:49.three-quarters of a cigarette packet. But one of the most
:04:49. > :04:54.controversial proposals is to restrict access to e-cigarettes. A
:04:54. > :04:57.yes vote would see them re-classified as medicines across
:04:57. > :05:00.the EU. That could mean years of medical testing and the need for
:05:00. > :05:17.manufacturers to get licenses from drug agencies. Christian Fraser
:05:17. > :05:20.reports. The Paris Museum of smokers is a tobacco emporium that traces
:05:20. > :05:27.the changing behaviours of the age-old habit. Troops cigarettes
:05:27. > :05:32.were once part of the Gaelic identity like baguettes and Bordeaux
:05:32. > :05:43.wine, but these days it is not all tobacco. A growing number of the
:05:43. > :05:48.French are changing. E-cigarettes are not without risk, nicotine is a
:05:48. > :05:54.poison and even in small amounts can be addictive. Whatever future
:05:55. > :05:58.research comes out into the long-term effects of e-cigarettes,
:05:58. > :06:07.doctors are agreed they are certainly a lot healthier than one
:06:07. > :06:12.of these. In France, over a million smokers, 8% of the market, have
:06:12. > :06:17.taken not e-cigarettes in just three years. Figures in Britain are
:06:17. > :06:22.similar. In the United States the market is worth some $5 billion, but
:06:22. > :06:25.today the European Parliament is considering reclassifying
:06:25. > :06:31.e-cigarettes as a medicine with the usual restrictions that would apply.
:06:31. > :06:42.And yet, just specialists think that would be a mistake. If the product
:06:42. > :06:50.is reclassified, it will open it to the illegal sale of the product on
:06:50. > :06:55.the Internet. You just need to press this button and it produces a
:06:55. > :06:59.vapour. There are good arguments for restricting the sale of e-cigarettes
:06:59. > :07:09.to young people, though perhaps not as -- that is not the only problem,
:07:09. > :07:15.for example the drug companies and the tobacco companies who have a
:07:15. > :07:22.much bigger interest in defending their market. In the beginning of
:07:22. > :07:34.this year, there were 500,000 E smokers, six months later over a
:07:34. > :07:38.million E smokers. E-cigarettes is a blooming market, the question is do
:07:38. > :07:51.the legislators embrace it or do they regulate it?
:07:51. > :08:02.Afghanistan's President Hamid Karzai has accused NATO of failing to bring
:08:02. > :08:05.stability to his war-torn country. Speaking to the BBC on the
:08:05. > :08:08.anniversary of the US-led operation, Mr Karzai said his country had
:08:08. > :08:09.gained little from NATO's multi-billion-dollar military
:08:10. > :08:11.campaign. The entire military exercise was one that caused
:08:11. > :08:20.campaign. The entire military Afghanistan a lot of suffering and a
:08:20. > :08:29.lot of loss of life will stop and no gains because the country is not
:08:29. > :08:39.secure. I'm not happy to say that. What we wanted was absolute
:08:39. > :08:44.security. The BBC's Harun Najafizada has been gauging reaction to the
:08:44. > :08:52.interview in Kabul. When you speak to people in Kabul the understanding
:08:52. > :08:56.is that they don't understand why President Hamid Karzai and the west
:08:56. > :09:02.cannot sort out their differences. If you speak to people for example
:09:02. > :09:06.to the opposition of President Hamid Karzai, they believe that because he
:09:06. > :09:11.has a different plan for the future of Afghanistan, and the United
:09:11. > :09:14.States and NATO has a different plan, they can not reach an
:09:14. > :09:18.agreement but ordinary people are plan, they can not reach an
:09:18. > :09:26.sort of disappointed that after 12 years of investment and suffering, a
:09:26. > :09:31.lot of issues, they still see in security is a problem and many
:09:31. > :09:37.believe that the government of the president is to blame for
:09:37. > :09:53.incapability to sort out these issues.
:09:53. > :09:56.One of the world's biggest pharmaceutical companies has been
:09:56. > :10:05.giving an update on its malaria vaccine trials - and the news seems
:10:05. > :10:09.to be positive. Malaria - spread of course by mosquitoes - is one of the
:10:09. > :10:12.biggest killers in the world, claiming the lives of 660,000 people
:10:12. > :10:14.every year. Most of those are children in Sub-Saharan Africa.
:10:14. > :10:18.GlaxoSmithKline says that when children were aged between five and
:10:18. > :10:22.17 months at the time of their first vaccination - around half were still
:10:22. > :10:26.protected from the disease up to 18 months later. When children aged
:10:26. > :10:29.between six and 12 weeks were vaccinated, the number of malaria
:10:29. > :10:32.cases were reduced by 25%. The trial is continuing, and the effectiveness
:10:32. > :10:35.of booster shots will now be evaluated. But if everything goes
:10:35. > :10:40.well, GlaxoSmithKline says it will apply for regulatory approval for
:10:40. > :10:44.the drug next year. Malaria is still a massive question, this vaccine
:10:45. > :10:51.would be very welcome but the question is whether people could
:10:51. > :10:58.afford it. The news that a vaccination for malaria will be
:10:58. > :11:10.available as positive news. It causes broad physical and economic
:11:10. > :11:15.will impact. This prevents people from famine and doing almost
:11:15. > :11:19.anything and it cures a lot of children under the age of five so
:11:19. > :11:23.the news there is a vaccine in the offing is positive news but the
:11:23. > :11:28.company itself has been very cautious about the efficacy of this
:11:28. > :11:33.vaccine being limited so there is still hope but I think it is not yet
:11:33. > :11:39.a full vaccine. It wouldn't be completely or even a 90%
:11:39. > :11:43.preventative, 50% preventative in some cases but this is still going
:11:43. > :11:48.further because we can see the use of malaria nets here, they are
:11:48. > :11:53.simple measures but still not available to so many people. You
:11:53. > :11:57.have to remember that the people we are talking about are very poor
:11:57. > :12:01.people. All they need is the food they can eat so sometimes it is a
:12:01. > :12:03.luxury to even give them the mosquito nets but some governments
:12:03. > :12:10.have tried a lot to provide these mosquito nets but some governments
:12:10. > :12:14.mosquito nets free of charge. Even in these cases you find remote areas
:12:14. > :12:23.where these mosquito nets are not available. Is the problem money?
:12:23. > :12:27.Corruption? Is it just ineffectiveness of those operations?
:12:27. > :12:33.It is a combination of those three things you said. There are cases
:12:33. > :12:38.where you will see these mosquito nets where they are free, but you
:12:38. > :12:41.will see them in the market being sold so that is corruption.
:12:41. > :12:44.Inefficiency because the government cannot provide the basic health
:12:44. > :12:50.facilities in these areas, and lack of money because even when people
:12:50. > :12:57.are willing to buy these mosquito nets, they don't have the money to
:12:57. > :13:21.buy them. Thank you. In other news today, the head of Bolivia --
:13:21. > :13:24.Bolivia's coca control agency has been arrested over accusations that
:13:24. > :13:27.he illegally sold massive quantities of coca leaves - the main ingredient
:13:27. > :13:31.of cocaine. Prosecutors say Luis Cutipa diverted 45 tonnes of coca
:13:31. > :13:33.leaves seized from farmers and sold them on to drugs barons.
:13:33. > :13:36.Argentina's president Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner is having
:13:36. > :13:41.surgery in Buenos Aires to treat bleeding on her brain. 60-year-old
:13:41. > :13:43.Mrs Fernandez was diagnosed with the subdural hematoma while she was
:13:44. > :13:46.undergoing tests for another condition. The diagnosis means she
:13:46. > :13:52.may have to suspend campaigning ahead of congressional elections.
:13:52. > :13:55.Deep sea divers have, for the first time, entered the hull of the ship
:13:55. > :13:58.that sank off the Italian island of Lampedusa with hundreds of refugees
:13:58. > :14:02.on board. Rescue teams say they pulled 38 corpses from the wreckage.
:14:02. > :14:05.That brings the total number of people known to have died in last
:14:05. > :14:07.week's tragedy to 232. Still to come, a bitter family
:14:07. > :14:08.showdown over a multibillion-dollar inheritance. Australia's richest
:14:08. > :14:20.woman faces her own children in court. The poorest country in
:14:20. > :14:25.Central America. It is turning towards China. As well as trying to
:14:25. > :14:36.attract investment, many want to learn about China's language.
:14:36. > :14:42.Traditional dance in the capital of Tajikistan. China's influence over
:14:42. > :14:47.its poorer neighbour is bringing art and culture to the city's theatres.
:14:47. > :15:00.It has been enthusiastically received. Tajiks are used to seeing
:15:00. > :15:06.Chinese products in the shops. Chinese firms have helped to build
:15:06. > :15:12.roads and power supplies, and they continue to see it as an emerging
:15:12. > :15:15.market. The young population of Tajikistan is now looking to China
:15:15. > :15:22.for work. In a poor country like this, many young people are
:15:22. > :15:27.motivated to learn Mandarin for the prospect of greater job
:15:27. > :15:36.opportunities. TRANSLATION: Many youngsters live in Tajikistan. I
:15:36. > :15:45.want to study Chinese and return to Tajikistan. Students travel to China
:15:45. > :15:53.to learn the language. Until recently, many Tajiks travelled to
:15:53. > :15:57.Russia to find work. But as China's power economy increases, so does the
:15:57. > :16:00.demand for people who speak Chinese. Alongside that is an increasing
:16:00. > :16:15.artistic exchange between the two cultures. TRANSLATION: In the past,
:16:15. > :16:24.we have lots of cultures. The cultural road goes in both
:16:24. > :16:34.directions. These Chinese singers are singing in FRC, accompanied by a
:16:34. > :16:38.Tajik singer. It increases collaborative relations between the
:16:38. > :16:41.two neighbours. Whether harmony can be found between two companies with
:16:41. > :16:56.such different positions in the world seems less likely. This is BBC
:16:56. > :17:00.world news. There has been violence on the streets of Brazil after a
:17:00. > :17:05.peaceful protest by teachers was hijacked. Menthol cigarettes and
:17:05. > :17:13.packets of ten could be banned under tough new European regulations being
:17:13. > :17:15.voted on today. The United States ambassador to Libya has been
:17:15. > :17:22.summoned to a meeting in Tripoli following the seizure of the
:17:22. > :17:25.Islamist militant by special forces. Militant is accused of having links
:17:25. > :17:30.with Al-Qaeda and is wanted connection of the bombing of
:17:30. > :17:33.embassies in Tanzania and Kenya. The Libyan authorities say they are
:17:33. > :17:44.unaware of the operation to seize him. Health officials in India say
:17:44. > :17:47.more than 350 people have died of viral encephalitis during the
:17:47. > :17:50.monsoon season. 15 children have died in the past two days in India's
:17:50. > :17:54.Uttar Pradesh state in northern India. The virus is spread by
:17:54. > :17:57.mosquitos, which breed in areas of stagnant water. The BBC's Sanjoy
:17:57. > :18:04.Majumder is in Delhi with more details.
:18:04. > :18:09.Unfortunately, it is really common in India and takes place every year.
:18:09. > :18:20.The first case was detected in 1978 and since then 6500 children have
:18:20. > :18:24.died. A town at the foothill of the Himalayas tends to get flooded very
:18:24. > :18:27.died. A town at the foothill of the easily and stagnant water is seen as
:18:27. > :18:32.one of the causes of the outbreak of the disease. As you have pointed
:18:32. > :18:37.out, it is carried by mosque leaders from pigs to humans. People who are
:18:37. > :18:42.most at risk our children because they have lower immunity systems.
:18:42. > :18:50.Many of the victims come from poor backgrounds. You can see that the
:18:50. > :18:57.main hospital was inundated with victims, overflowing with patients,
:18:57. > :19:01.completely unable to cope. Heartbreaking to see those pictures
:19:01. > :19:07.of very young children who are the most vulnerable and yet there is a
:19:07. > :19:11.vaccine, is there not? Yes, that is right. Last week, in fact, the
:19:11. > :19:19.Indian government unveiled a new vaccine which was developed in the
:19:19. > :19:28.country. Two -- the main strain of the disease is being made available
:19:28. > :19:33.but it is only the beginning. Health officials say they need 10 million
:19:33. > :19:37.doses to reach each and every person who is affected. That will take a
:19:37. > :19:40.lot of production. In the meantime, it is a disease that continues to
:19:40. > :19:46.spread and affects the nervous system. It leads to headaches,
:19:46. > :19:51.vomiting, fever, and can cause brain damage and perhaps death. Even those
:19:51. > :19:52.who survive are often left with permanent brain damage or a
:19:53. > :19:58.neurological disorder. Thank you permanent brain damage or a
:19:58. > :20:03.very much. Some breaking news, we have heard the Nobel Prize for
:20:03. > :20:14.physics has gone to Professor Peter Higgs. That is in recognition of the
:20:14. > :20:23.Higgs particle. This was highly anticipated. The physics prize has
:20:23. > :20:28.gone to Professor Peter Higgs. That news Justin and we will bring you
:20:28. > :20:39.more when he can. A developing story now. The effects
:20:39. > :20:43.of Typhoon Fitow in China. These pictures were filmed in Ningbo City
:20:43. > :20:45.in Zhejiang province - as you can see, they show widespread flash
:20:46. > :20:49.flooding, and disruption to road travel. Flights and rail services
:20:49. > :20:52.have also been affected - and at least four people were killed by the
:20:52. > :20:56.effects of the weather system. Fitow was the 23rd Typhoon to hit China
:20:56. > :21:00.this year. At its peak, it had winds blowing in excess of 150 kilometres
:21:00. > :21:05.per hour - though officials say it has now weakened to Tropical Storm
:21:05. > :21:08.strength. Extreme weather of another sort is causing problems in chilly.
:21:08. > :21:11.An unexpected frost has devastated fruit and wine crops in two regions
:21:11. > :21:15.- Chile's main grower's association says the damage could run to more
:21:15. > :21:18.than a Billion dollars in lost production. The government has
:21:18. > :21:21.declared an agricultural state of emergency. Overall, it's thought
:21:21. > :21:35.Chile's wine production could be down by 20% this year. Family feuds
:21:35. > :21:38.don't get much more expensive than this. Australia's richest woman is
:21:38. > :21:42.being taken to court by two of her grown up children. Gina Rinehart's
:21:42. > :21:46.accused of trying to deprive them of their rightful share of the family's
:21:46. > :21:50.trust fund - thought to be worth about four billion dollars. She says
:21:50. > :21:55.she was trying to save them from a massive tax Bill. Jon Donnison in
:21:55. > :22:01.Sydney told me more. Gina Rinehart has been trying to avoid everything
:22:01. > :22:06.being discussed in an open court. It has the trappings of a storyline
:22:06. > :22:13.from Dallas. It is difficult to work out who is Bobby Ewing. She is one
:22:13. > :22:18.of the world's which is winning and she has over $15 billion. The trust
:22:18. > :22:23.was set up by her father and she is the trustee. The three children are
:22:23. > :22:36.the beneficiaries and the dispute, really, seems to have arisen as a
:22:36. > :22:45.result of knowing when the trust would result. Court proceedings have
:22:45. > :22:51.been delayed. Today we expected things to be discussed in court but
:22:51. > :22:54.they are trying to work out whether the children and Gina Rinehart can
:22:54. > :23:01.agree on the appointment of a new trustee and who that might be. Here
:23:01. > :23:04.in the UK, plans drawn up by the newspaper industry for a new system
:23:04. > :23:06.of press regulation have been rejected by a committee of senior
:23:06. > :23:09.ministers. The BBC's Newsnight programme reported that a sub
:23:09. > :23:13.committee of key ministers found the proposal to be "flawed". The plan
:23:13. > :23:16.for a new form of self-regulation was intended to resolve the issues
:23:16. > :23:24.around press intrusion that were examined in the Leveson Inquiry. The
:23:24. > :23:31.press feel that the process is far from transparent. They are furious.
:23:31. > :23:35.They are now considering whether there might be a legal challenge to
:23:35. > :23:38.this decision by the committee of the Privy Council. The reason they
:23:38. > :23:42.had to do this was because the rules of the Privy Council say that if
:23:42. > :23:46.there is more than one proposed charter on the same subject then
:23:46. > :23:50.neither can be given effect because it draws the Queen into a matter of
:23:50. > :23:56.public controversy. In other words, in general, the Privy Council deals
:23:56. > :24:02.with royal charters and they are not controversial. There is also talk in
:24:02. > :24:13.the press that the Royal household itself might now obstruct the
:24:13. > :24:17.progress. Let's take a look at some sports news now - and we start with
:24:17. > :24:20.Basketball, and the NBA pre-season world tour. The Oklahoma City
:24:20. > :24:23.Thunder are taking on the Philadelphia 76ers in Manchester.
:24:23. > :24:26.But while the sport is popular in the UK at street level, matches
:24:26. > :24:29.don't attract big crowds, and as Alex South reports, there's no
:24:29. > :24:40.guarantee the road show will attract a full House.
:24:40. > :24:43.The NBA bandwagon has rolled into Manchester with the razzmatazz you
:24:43. > :24:47.would expect. 12 teams from the league are playing pre-season games
:24:47. > :24:54.all over the world in a bid to build on America's biggest sporting
:24:54. > :25:00.export. We are entertainers. Soccer is the biggest thing over here but
:25:00. > :25:01.we want to go out there and show people that basketball is huge as
:25:01. > :25:07.well. Playing these games helps to people that basketball is huge as
:25:07. > :25:14.expand the player's pay packets. This man is a massive star in the
:25:14. > :25:19.USA. The press hang on every word he says that he is enjoying the
:25:19. > :25:24.anonymity of being away from home. I am one of these guys who... The
:25:24. > :25:30.attention is cool, I appreciate it, but I can go without it. It is
:25:30. > :25:36.called to walk down the street and I guess, just be a regular person. A
:25:36. > :25:45.lot of people still come and talk to me but they do not know that I play
:25:45. > :25:51.for the Oklahoma City Thunders. There is no doubt that the show will
:25:51. > :25:56.be good for this pre-season friendly. The ticket sales have been
:25:56. > :26:04.slow but the pricing does not help, around $50 for a cheap Street. --
:26:04. > :26:17.seat. For a better seat you are looking at $800. That is our one and
:26:17. > :26:21.only sports story for you. Now let's just show you a robbery in New York
:26:21. > :26:24.state that didn't quite go to plan. These images are from Brentwood in
:26:24. > :26:28.Suffolk county. The robber here walks into the shop with a gun but
:26:28. > :26:32.is surely not expecting what comes next... The clerk pulls out a huge
:26:32. > :26:35.machete from under the counter and not only chases the robber out of
:26:36. > :26:38.the store but also through the car park. He'll probably think twice
:26:38. > :26:46.before attempting to rob another shop owner any time soon. In Oslo,
:26:46. > :26:56.the Nobel physics prize has been announced. Peter Higgs has won it.
:26:56. > :27:00.Congratulations. Goodbye for today.