:00:10. > :00:14.Hello. Our top stories: The OPCW, the body overseeing the destruction
:00:14. > :00:19.of Syria's chemical weapons, wins the Nobel Peace Prize. Millions of
:00:19. > :00:22.dollars promised to help the thousands of migrants risking
:00:22. > :00:32.everything for a new life in Europe - how to prevent more disasters.
:00:32. > :00:35.First signs of a solution to the US Federal budget political stalemate.
:00:35. > :00:38.The Republicans offer to raise the debt ceiling. And we pay a visit to
:00:38. > :00:41.what they are calling the most colourful show in town, returning
:00:41. > :00:59.100 years after it first inspired New York's art lovers.
:00:59. > :01:03.This year's Nobel Peace Prize has been awarded to the body that
:01:03. > :01:06.oversees the destruction of chemical weapons. The Organisation
:01:06. > :01:09.for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons is recognised not only for
:01:10. > :01:15.its work just begun in Syria, but also for its operations around the
:01:16. > :01:18.world, for the past few years. It is based in the Hague and it
:01:18. > :01:22.enforces the chemical weapons convention. This is how the Nobel
:01:22. > :01:30.Committee announced their decision in Oslo.
:01:30. > :01:41.Well, we cannot hear that at the moment. Let's hear from Daniel
:01:41. > :01:44.Hyslop from the Institute for Economics and Peace and asked him
:01:44. > :01:50.what he thought of this year's winner. I am very surprised, given
:01:50. > :02:00.the fact the Nobel Prize was awarded to an Balkanisation last
:02:00. > :02:07.year. Not many people expected and organisation to win this year. --
:02:07. > :02:19.and organisation. Not so people were talking about Malala Yousafzai.
:02:19. > :02:25.This is very much centre-stage. I think, really, the message this is
:02:25. > :02:30.sending is that the prohibition of Chemical weapons is incredibly
:02:30. > :02:35.important. The norm that chemical weapons is used in complete needs
:02:35. > :02:40.to be recognised they cannot be used. They are incredibly
:02:40. > :02:44.destructive. It is also recognising how effective this organisation is
:02:44. > :02:46.destructive. It is also recognising being. Effective but it does not
:02:46. > :02:53.destructive. It is also recognising have a big budget. It is only 500
:02:53. > :02:59.people in The Hague. Only 200 of those are inspectors. It is
:02:59. > :03:05.relatively small funding - about $100 million. It is funded by the
:03:05. > :03:10.member states. Not a huge organisation. It is not so much
:03:10. > :03:15.about resources but more about the political messages to sending about
:03:15. > :03:20.chemical weapons. The politics of this is not something the Nobel
:03:20. > :03:25.committee wants to get into. There are still several countries who
:03:25. > :03:30.have not signed up to the Chemical weapons Convention. A month ago
:03:30. > :03:35.Syria had not signed up and then it said it would. Willis have an
:03:35. > :03:40.impact on the politics of chemical weapons? -- will this have? It puts
:03:40. > :03:48.pressure on states that do not sign weapons? -- will this have? It puts
:03:48. > :03:52.up. It is very important to draw attention to it. It is also an
:03:53. > :03:58.important to draw attention to the existing stock cars which have not
:03:58. > :04:05.been removed. Here we are seeing some of the inspectors leaving.
:04:05. > :04:09.They have to have an audit by the end of November of Syria's chemical
:04:09. > :04:18.weapons and destroy them all by the middle of next year. It is a huge
:04:18. > :04:24.task. I think they are dealing with a number of challenges in an
:04:24. > :04:28.incredibly complex conflict. Many people have been killed in this
:04:28. > :04:36.conflict. As many actors on the ground, it will be challenging.
:04:36. > :04:39.This is the port of Lampedusa, a tiny Italian island halfway between
:04:39. > :04:42.the mainland and North Africa. These are the coffins of some of
:04:42. > :04:48.the 311 people who drowned last week when a fishing boat carrying
:04:48. > :04:54.migrants capsized a kilometre away. These are some who survived. The
:04:54. > :04:57.Italian Coast Guard are still looking for bodies. That tragedy
:04:57. > :05:01.highlighted both a massive humanitarian and political
:05:01. > :05:06.challenge. Two other boats arrived safely that day. Here's the scale
:05:06. > :05:09.of the problems. The UN says more than 15,000 reached Italy most via
:05:09. > :05:16.Lampedusa, and Malta from north Africa last year. This year, that
:05:16. > :05:22.number is more than 30,000 to Italy alone. That's as many as at the
:05:22. > :05:26.peak of the Arab Spring two years ago. The UN says many journeys
:05:26. > :05:35.originate from the Libyan coast around Tripoli. These are the main
:05:35. > :05:45.countries of origin for those fleeing to Europe. Somalia and
:05:45. > :05:50.Eritrea, plus Syria. Many come from West Africa and sub-Saharan Africa.
:05:50. > :05:55.There are no clear statistics on where they get to after Italy.
:05:55. > :06:03.Matthew Price is in Lampedusa following the events. This is the
:06:03. > :06:09.latest group of refugees that have been taken away from the island.
:06:09. > :06:14.Largely speaking, it is a group of unaccompanied children - those we
:06:14. > :06:20.believe below the age of 17 and from Africa. They illustrate really
:06:20. > :06:26.one of the huge problems for Europe - what to do about the refugee
:06:26. > :06:27.crisis as a whole and what to do especially well very vulnerable
:06:27. > :06:33.people indeed. It may be that some especially well very vulnerable
:06:33. > :06:37.of these young people have no relatives and talk on the entire
:06:37. > :06:41.continent of Europe. Italian authorities are taking them on this
:06:41. > :06:44.very to the island of Sicily, where they will be held in another
:06:44. > :06:50.refugee centre and it will have to be worked out what happens to them,
:06:50. > :06:56.how do they get adequate protection and security. We are told by
:06:56. > :07:01.charity workers it is often quite difficult with young children
:07:01. > :07:06.because they form tight bonds on their journeys over to Europe and
:07:06. > :07:10.they form tight network swimming up in the camps when I arrived.
:07:10. > :07:15.Sometimes, they have to separate those groups and so and individuals
:07:15. > :07:20.to different places and that can be incredibly difficult. More of going
:07:20. > :07:25.on to the boat at the moment. Every single refugee who arise in Europe
:07:25. > :07:36.is an honourable. These are on the more vulnerable. -- is vulnerable.
:07:37. > :07:40.The Swedish consulate in Bengazi, Libya's second largest city, has
:07:40. > :07:46.been targeted by unknown militants. No casualties have been reported.
:07:46. > :07:52.Nobody has claimed responsibility for the attack. This was days after
:07:52. > :07:58.the US Special forces raid captured the Libyan Al-Qaeda suspect, plus
:07:58. > :08:07.what happened yesterday with the seizure of the interim Prime
:08:07. > :08:11.Minister from a hotel in Italy. The endgame may be in sight to resolve
:08:11. > :08:13.the ten days of federal government shutdown after weeks of budget
:08:13. > :08:16.brinkmanship in the US. The Republicans have proposed a short-
:08:16. > :08:19.term increase in the country's debt limit. That would mean the US would
:08:19. > :08:31.avoid defaulting on its debts next week.
:08:31. > :08:36.The House Speaker was uncharacteristically silent after
:08:36. > :08:41.his meeting at the White House. After 90 minutes of talking with
:08:41. > :08:46.President Obama, no decisions were made or rejected. A possible
:08:46. > :08:53.glimmer of hope. We had a very useful meeting. It was clarified
:08:53. > :08:58.for both sides as to where we are wrong. -- clarifying. Teams will be
:08:58. > :09:02.talking further tonight. We will have more discussion. Conversation
:09:02. > :09:06.talking further tonight. We will with house Republicans came about
:09:07. > :09:11.after earlier in the day when a new deal was offered. What we want to
:09:11. > :09:17.do is offer the President the ability to move - a temporary
:09:17. > :09:21.increase in the debt ceiling in agreement to go to conference on
:09:21. > :09:25.the Budget. And for his willingness to sit around and discuss with us a
:09:25. > :09:31.way forward to reopen the Government and to start the deal
:09:31. > :09:35.went America's pressing problems. A temporary rescue from default but
:09:35. > :09:37.it kicks the can down the road for negotiations on the debt ceiling.
:09:37. > :09:44.it kicks the can down the road for The same political spat will rear
:09:44. > :09:48.its head again. The noise coming from the White House was not as
:09:48. > :09:57.dismissive as it has been in the past few weeks. It is certainly at
:09:57. > :10:05.least an encouraging sign that they are not listening to debt limit and
:10:05. > :10:13.default to nines. Perhaps Eythorne in the intense relations. -- a
:10:13. > :10:24.whole. It seems a warm relationship is a little weight off. -- way off.
:10:24. > :10:28.Karachi is the giant port city in Pakistan. It is notorious for daily
:10:28. > :10:34.shootings, kidnappings and extortion. More than 2000 people
:10:34. > :10:38.have been killed in the first nine months of the ship and then.
:10:38. > :10:42.Security is of big concern. Is it something only the rich can afford?
:10:42. > :11:02.-- this year alone . The full strength of bullet proof
:11:02. > :11:10.protection. This is where it is done. Vehicles are armoured with
:11:10. > :11:15.metal plates to make them bullet and bomb resistant. It is an
:11:15. > :11:23.expensive proposition but one that the rich and powerful in Pakistan
:11:23. > :11:26.are turning to for their own protection. Five, six months back,
:11:26. > :11:39.are estimated protection was five litres per month. We are looking to
:11:39. > :11:44.extend our business. Most of the clients like to stay out of the
:11:44. > :11:56.line night. A Karachi businessman has faced growing effects of
:11:56. > :12:05.extortion and kidnapping. I think Bennett afternoon. -- they are
:12:05. > :12:09.failing. I think we need more police. Security forces like these
:12:09. > :12:14.were given additional powers to clamp down on militant groups and
:12:14. > :12:19.criminal gangs linked to the main political parties in the city. The
:12:20. > :12:26.socle targeted operation was launched by the Prime Minister. --
:12:26. > :12:32.be so called targeted operation. It has yielded mixed results. There is
:12:32. > :12:39.a sense that steps have been taken to tackle everyday violence. His
:12:39. > :12:47.mother of two says she hopes this lull in violence is not temporary.
:12:47. > :12:51.Top politicians have private security and police who are there.
:12:51. > :12:53.Top politicians have private People like us - working mothers -
:12:53. > :12:57.Top politicians have private who have to drop their children to
:12:57. > :13:04.school. They will do everything on their own. We cannot afford that
:13:04. > :13:11.kind of security. For now, she says life must carry on, as she tries
:13:11. > :13:22.her best to keep her family saved in the most violent city in
:13:22. > :13:26.Pakistan. Still to come... A special report on the first ever
:13:26. > :13:33.final of the African Premier League, taking place at this moment.
:13:33. > :13:39.The campaign group, Human Rights Watch, has accused Islamic rebel
:13:39. > :13:50.groups of cowering among all crimes during an offensive in August. --
:13:50. > :13:57.carrying out war crimes. Human Rights Watch filmed these pictures
:13:57. > :14:03.in the Alawite village in northern Syria. It was after the end of a
:14:03. > :14:09.two week rebel offensive in August. The organisation accuses Islamist
:14:09. > :14:15.rebels of executing entire Alawite families and taking more than 200
:14:15. > :14:19.civilians hostage. What we found when we entered the villages is
:14:19. > :14:24.that Holmes had been destroyed - burnt. For the most part that
:14:24. > :14:29.villages had not returned. A number of villages we spoke to explain to
:14:29. > :14:33.us what they found when they return to the area on 19th of will reset,
:14:33. > :14:47.after government forces had regained control of the occupied is
:14:47. > :14:57.the -- occupied villages. Human Rights Watch follows this man,
:14:57. > :15:13.whose wife and disabled child were killed.
:15:13. > :15:20.Graffiti shows the name of the rebel group allied to a Al-Qaeda.
:15:20. > :15:22.Human Rights Watch accuses this group and several others of
:15:22. > :15:32.Human Rights Watch accuses this carrying out the attacks. this is
:15:32. > :15:37.one of many movements which make-up the Syrian opposition. It makes
:15:37. > :15:42.indiscriminate attacks and bombings. The West has designated the group a
:15:42. > :15:47.terrorist organisation. The rebel attacks against the Alawite
:15:47. > :15:52.villages highlight the increasing problem faced by countries opposing
:15:52. > :15:56.President Bashar al-Assad. The rebels, whose cause they share, are
:15:56. > :15:58.now accused of the same kinds of crimes as the President not want to
:15:58. > :16:13.bring down. The latest headlines for you:
:16:13. > :16:16.Nobel Peace Prize has been won by the organisation overseeing the
:16:16. > :16:18.destruction of chemical weapons in Syria. The OPCW was revealed as the
:16:19. > :16:23.winner of the 2013 prize in Oslo. Syria. The OPCW was revealed as the
:16:23. > :16:26.The European Union considers increasing patrols in the
:16:26. > :16:33.Mediterranean after the Lampedusa migrant boat tragedy.
:16:33. > :16:36.Under Taliban rule in Afghanistan, sports stadiums were more renowned
:16:36. > :16:40.for executions than football matches, but that has now changed.
:16:40. > :16:45.The first ever final of the Afghan Premier League is taking place at
:16:45. > :16:46.this moment in Kabul. Chief international correspondent Lyse
:16:46. > :16:50.Doucet met the teams as they international correspondent Lyse
:16:50. > :16:59.prepared for the game. Football training as it sounds
:16:59. > :17:04.anywhere. Pass the ball, the coach shouts at his team as they prepare
:17:04. > :17:14.for today's big game. But in a country divided by war, this is more
:17:14. > :17:17.than just sport. Football is like this man are inspiring a new
:17:17. > :17:25.national spirit at the stadium where the Taleban once carried out harsh
:17:25. > :17:31.Islamic punishments. He remembers those years as the
:17:31. > :17:37.worst in his career. TRANSLATION: Be for one match, the Taleban brought
:17:37. > :17:41.in a person and shot him, then two people were brought in, their hands
:17:41. > :17:46.were Abbie did it. After that, no-one was interested in seeing
:17:46. > :17:50.football. -- amputated. Now a nation is watching, including the
:17:50. > :17:56.president. On the other side of Kabul, the opposing team receives a
:17:56. > :18:03.rival pep talk. This team is from the north, but it cuts across ethnic
:18:03. > :18:07.lines. TRANSLATION: We are all Afghans, we don't think about which
:18:07. > :18:13.province each buyer comes from, we feel like brothers and play well
:18:13. > :18:18.together. The creators of this new Premier League hope that the power
:18:18. > :18:21.of sport can change Afghanistan's turbulent politics, too. Do you
:18:21. > :18:30.think there is a lesson for politicians? Of course! Teamwork,
:18:30. > :18:37.transparency, goal oriented projects, and thinking for
:18:37. > :18:40.sustainable development. At a popular cafe, Afghan activists
:18:40. > :18:43.expressed hope that football can help their drive for political
:18:43. > :18:49.change in the upcoming presidential elections. There were 11 men who
:18:49. > :18:53.brought pride to 32 million people, and none of them was holding a gun.
:18:53. > :18:54.What you are seeing is a new narrative of what it means to be a
:18:54. > :19:00.hero, and I hope that our leaders in narrative of what it means to be a
:19:00. > :19:04.this election realise that. Today it is football that matters, but no
:19:04. > :19:08.matter who wins or loses the final, these players know that the goal
:19:08. > :19:14.that matters is for Afghanistan to succeed.
:19:14. > :19:19.It is said that elephants never forget, but it seems they also
:19:19. > :19:22.instinct we understand what human gestures mean. Scientists from the
:19:22. > :19:27.University of St Andrews in Scotland have discovered that elephants can
:19:27. > :19:34.find food when someone points to it. Victoria Gill explains.
:19:34. > :19:36.They are nature's giants. African elephants are already famed for
:19:36. > :19:38.They are nature's giants. African their intelligence, but scientists
:19:38. > :19:44.have now discovered that they seem to understand a very human gesture.
:19:44. > :19:48.In this test, carried out at a safari lodge in Zimbabwe, research
:19:48. > :19:52.is from the University of St Andrews hid food in one of two identical
:19:52. > :19:55.buckets. When the scientist pointed to the bucket containing the treat,
:19:55. > :20:01.the elephants instinctively followed the gesture and found their reward.
:20:01. > :20:04.The scientists think it is this innate understanding of human
:20:04. > :20:09.gestures that has enabled people to work so closely with elephants,
:20:09. > :20:12.despite their intimate in size. And that is something that animal
:20:12. > :20:13.keepers who interact with elephants every day testing. I think humans
:20:13. > :20:20.and elephants definitely have an every day testing. I think humans
:20:20. > :20:25.interaction. When you work with them, when they have an off day, you
:20:25. > :20:28.can feel it. If you do, they can sense it, and especially the
:20:28. > :20:33.training sessions that we do not always as productive as they could
:20:33. > :20:39.be the cost of that interaction and that bond. The next step is to try
:20:40. > :20:42.to find out if elephants might even use those impressive manoeuvrable
:20:42. > :20:48.trunks to gesture to one another in the wild. Finding a hidden
:20:48. > :20:55.elephant's sign language is likely to require a little more than two
:20:55. > :20:59.buckets and a hidden treat. Now a story of high achievement. The
:20:59. > :21:04.latest in our 100 women series, Pretty Yende is fast becoming one of
:21:04. > :21:09.the stars of the international opera scene. Her spectacular voice as won
:21:09. > :21:14.a string of international awards and hinder access to the majestic
:21:14. > :21:18.settings of La Scala in Milan and New York's Metropolitan Opera house.
:21:18. > :21:22.And as the BBC's Milton Nkosi reports from the South African
:21:22. > :21:26.town, she has become a huge inspiration back Rome.
:21:26. > :21:36.-- back home. Pretty Yende has come a long way
:21:36. > :21:42.since her days as the lead soprano in the choir here in her old high
:21:42. > :21:48.school. You can see in the kids' eyes, you know, the joy and the
:21:49. > :21:54.hope, that if she can do it, I can do it, too, so I am really humbled.
:21:54. > :22:00.I am actually turbo-charged. She discovered opera music when she
:22:00. > :22:05.first heard it from a television advert. She studied opera at the
:22:05. > :22:10.university of Cape Town. Her first pianist spoke to me. That is why I
:22:10. > :22:14.heard the quality of her voice, and I said to my husband, you know what?
:22:14. > :22:20.We have got a princess in the making over here, we have got somebody big.
:22:20. > :22:27.He said, what do you mean? I said, listen to her voice, this is
:22:27. > :22:31.something to listen to. Pretty Yende has come back to share her life
:22:31. > :22:38.story with the people of this town, telling them that the road to Milan
:22:38. > :22:45.was through sheer hard work and dreaming big. And dream big she did.
:22:45. > :22:54.The power of her voice brought her first two La Scala in Milan, where
:22:54. > :22:56.she is now based, and then to the world's attention at the debut
:22:56. > :22:57.performance at the Metropolitan world's attention at the debut
:22:57. > :23:20.Opera House in New York. Pretty Yende is now inspiring a new
:23:20. > :23:44.generation back at home. Finally, the great masters of Europe
:23:44. > :23:47.were introduced in 1913 and the New York Historical Society is putting
:23:47. > :23:51.many of those same masterpieces on display again. The curator, Marilyn
:23:51. > :24:00.Kushner, has been explaining the legacy of these paintings.
:24:00. > :24:07.There was a lot of uproar over it. In New York, 87,000 people visited
:24:08. > :24:14.it in a month, that is a lot. People on the street were talking all about
:24:14. > :24:18.it. It was the first time that the American public, in 1913, was able
:24:18. > :24:21.to see the great things that were being produced in Europe, the
:24:21. > :24:33.contemporary art that was being done by artists such as Pablo Picasso and
:24:33. > :24:35.Sean Brack, that was being done by Matisse. It was an amazing time
:24:35. > :24:42.Sean Brack, that was being done by period in New York. It was
:24:42. > :24:48.revolutionary in so many different ways, women were marching in the
:24:48. > :24:49.streets, not only for the vote but for contraception, for the right to
:24:49. > :25:00.have children out of wedlock. Labourers, workers were marching in
:25:00. > :25:03.the streets for better working conditions and for higher wages.
:25:03. > :25:10.Change was in the air, and change was a good thing. That cacophony was
:25:10. > :25:18.echoed inside the show, as well as outside of it. Some critics berated
:25:18. > :25:27.and derided and laughed at them. The ones that critics did not
:25:27. > :25:31.understand, like Nude Descending A Staircase, people have said, what is
:25:31. > :25:34.the big deal about it? Take yourself back 100 years, people are not used
:25:34. > :25:39.to looking at something as abstracted as that, they do not know
:25:39. > :25:45.what to look for, they cannot see what the artist says is there. Mix
:25:45. > :25:52.all legends, we call them. When people think of the Armoury Show, up
:25:52. > :25:57.until this exhibition, they think of European art, but there were as many
:25:57. > :26:03.if not more American artists. There were very few galleries here showing
:26:03. > :26:06.contemporary American work, and the young artists were frustrated
:26:06. > :26:09.because they could not show the public what they were doing. This
:26:09. > :26:14.was an opportunity for American artists to exhibit their work. What
:26:14. > :26:16.the organisers would try to say was, the work that you are seeing
:26:16. > :26:21.now and criticising, years from now was, the work that you are seeing
:26:21. > :26:26.it will be seen as masterpieces, and they had a great high. They are seen
:26:26. > :26:30.as masterpieces now, and they have wonderful things that were new and
:26:30. > :26:37.fresh, where you could almost smell the oil on the canvas.
:26:37. > :26:43.And now that blast in Benghazi which I reported earlier, the explosion
:26:43. > :26:46.was from a car bomb apparently targeting the Swedish consulate in
:26:46. > :26:50.Benghazi. It damaged the building and surrounding homes, but the
:26:50. > :26:55.consulate is not officially closed. But we understand it has been empty
:26:55. > :26:58.for some time. Finally, Italy's former prime is the Silvio
:26:58. > :27:00.Berlusconi wants to serve his 12 month sentence for tax fraud on
:27:00. > :27:00.community service.