:00:07. > :00:13.Hello, this is BBC World News. New evidence of secret US surveillance
:00:14. > :00:18.on a massive scale in Europe and Japan. An EU delegation wants
:00:19. > :00:25.answers in Washington. A British security firm accused of
:00:26. > :00:28.shocking abuse at one of South Africa's most dangerous prisons.
:00:29. > :00:33.Why did this car crash into a crowd into Yan and square in the capital,
:00:34. > :00:39.Beijing, killing five people? -- in Chapman Square.
:00:40. > :00:40.And Lou Reed, the former Velvet Underground front man, has died aged
:00:41. > :01:06.71. Hello. There's no end in sight to
:01:07. > :01:10.the US spying scandal. It deepens with fresh allegations emerging at
:01:11. > :01:13.the scale of secret monitoring of other governments. Spanish media
:01:14. > :01:19.claims the National Security Agency monitored 60 million telephone calls
:01:20. > :01:23.there, and that was in just a month. The government in Japan is quoted
:01:24. > :01:30.with saying the NSA wanted Japan to monitor each Rafa to and from China.
:01:31. > :01:38.It is a request Japan declined. All of this as EU delegates are in
:01:39. > :01:43.Washington to seek answers. Yesterday they protested outside.
:01:44. > :01:46.Today, a delegation from the European Parliament's Civil
:01:47. > :01:51.Liberties committee is meeting in Washington to discuss America's
:01:52. > :01:59.legends of aid and is. As they speak, revelations continue to
:02:00. > :02:03.emerge. In Germany, one newspaper has quoted a senior National
:02:04. > :02:07.Security Agency informant. He claims that the news intelligence service
:02:08. > :02:13.was eavesdropping on Angela Merkel in 2010. The paper claims Obama was
:02:14. > :02:16.briefed about the phone tapping operation, a contradiction to
:02:17. > :02:25.reports he told Merkel he had no idea about the buck -- about the
:02:26. > :02:28.bugging. A Spanish newspaper says it collected data about 60 million
:02:29. > :02:38.phone calls in just one month in 2012. On it goes. In Japan, media
:02:39. > :02:45.there have reported that the NSA asked the Japanese government to
:02:46. > :02:50.monitor a communication cable. However, Tokyo refused. For now,
:02:51. > :02:56.leading German politicians are demanding that Germany should
:02:57. > :03:02.abandon EU-US trade negotiations, at least until the issue is resolved.
:03:03. > :03:06.I joined by the BBC security correspondent to discuss the
:03:07. > :03:10.implications. 60 million phone calls in just one month. It gives you a
:03:11. > :03:15.sense of what the NSA is trying to do here. A very ambitious, very
:03:16. > :03:22.secret programme and till now. In a sense, it is obvious that you are
:03:23. > :03:25.not listening to the content of those 60 million calls. It is
:03:26. > :03:28.different to the interception of the calls we were talking about with
:03:29. > :03:32.Chancellor Merkel in Germany, where it appears that the NSA was
:03:33. > :03:35.targeting her phone to be intercepted and to listen to the
:03:36. > :03:40.conversations. In Spain and France, we are talking about the meta data,
:03:41. > :03:44.the detail about the call records. It isn't the content of the
:03:45. > :03:49.conversations, but which phones are connecting with other phones at
:03:50. > :03:54.which times. It creates a huge database. The US now does this with
:03:55. > :03:58.its domestic calls going abroad. That was one of Edward Snowden's
:03:59. > :04:03.renovations. It can look for patterns, it can look for who is
:04:04. > :04:07.calling Pakistan or Yemen. It can look at who is calling which
:04:08. > :04:12.suspicious number. But the fact that the US is doing it will worry a lot
:04:13. > :04:17.of people. Another question is how much the European governments really
:04:18. > :04:20.know about this. The Americans have suggested this is all part of
:04:21. > :04:24.counter-terrorism, and they get leads about counter-terrorism which
:04:25. > :04:28.are then used to keep Europe's sake. I'm not sure everyone in Europe will
:04:29. > :04:34.be convinced that that justifies the way this is being done, though. Let
:04:35. > :04:39.me pick up on the volume of the stuff. This has been released by
:04:40. > :04:44.Glenn Greenwald, who has released it to a Spanish newspaper. He is one of
:04:45. > :04:49.the three who have been involved in harvesting all this amazing amount
:04:50. > :04:55.of stuff. What are the figures? 50,000 documents for Britain alone.
:04:56. > :05:00.It is 58,000 British documents, according to the British documents.
:05:01. > :05:06.-- British Government. We don't know how many NSA documents are out
:05:07. > :05:10.there. This could go on for years. It could. The complexity of the
:05:11. > :05:13.documents means that finding information in them is not
:05:14. > :05:17.straightforward. More may come out based on what those who have the
:05:18. > :05:24.documents decide they want to release. This can go on and on. It
:05:25. > :05:28.could reveal more and more, and cause more diplomatic upset for the
:05:29. > :05:32.United States at it is revealed who they are spying on. In some cases,
:05:33. > :05:41.it is very serious, particularly in Germany. Thank you.
:05:42. > :05:44.The giant British company, G4S, has been suspended from managing a
:05:45. > :05:49.maximum security prison in South Africa amid allegations about the
:05:50. > :05:53.abuse of inmates. Our correspondent is on the line from Johannesburg.
:05:54. > :06:01.What is being said about this situation? An investigation by the
:06:02. > :06:05.BBC and the Wits justice project have discovered allegations that
:06:06. > :06:10.electric shocks were used against inmates at the Mangaung prison as a
:06:11. > :06:15.form of punishment, and also that anti-psychotic drugs were injected
:06:16. > :06:19.forcefully against people's will, in order to control prisoners. The
:06:20. > :06:23.South African authorities have temporarily taken control of the
:06:24. > :06:28.prison. They say conditions there are shocking and out of control. The
:06:29. > :06:32.current acting head of the correctional services is
:06:33. > :06:36.Nontsikelelo Jolingana. It is quite shocking the allegations that are
:06:37. > :06:43.coming to the fore. It is shocking, but we are investigating, and then
:06:44. > :06:47.we can see what is the appropriate intervention. What are the
:06:48. > :06:55.government is saying? What is the status of the G4S contract? It has
:06:56. > :06:59.been temporarily suspended. G4S is halfway through a 25 year contract.
:07:00. > :07:05.As well as the electric shock treatment mentioned there, there is
:07:06. > :07:11.concern that anti-psychotic drugs may have been administered illegally
:07:12. > :07:18.at the prison. The lawyer acting for a number of prisoners who claim that
:07:19. > :07:26.they were abused and injected in eagerly talks to us. There is a
:07:27. > :07:31.culture of doing things that are constitutionally unacceptable. There
:07:32. > :07:34.seems to be a systematic process of effectively doping prisoners with
:07:35. > :07:43.drugs to keep them compliant. These are all being administered in
:07:44. > :07:47.voluntarily. My clients are complaining of a number of symptoms,
:07:48. > :07:51.such as locked jaw or spasms of the neck. I have one client who is
:07:52. > :07:57.permanently paralysed now. What other allegations are being levelled
:07:58. > :08:01.against G4S? Those are the main ones. The sense that they lost
:08:02. > :08:07.control. I have been speaking to G4S's head of Africa operations,
:08:08. > :08:11.Andy Baker, and he insisted that they run a world-class operation and
:08:12. > :08:16.they have not received any concrete evidence of abuse. He has questioned
:08:17. > :08:20.the credibility of the prisoners, and of the dismissed security staff
:08:21. > :08:26.who were sacked after an illegal strike, saying their credibility is
:08:27. > :08:32.in question. We had a period of about eight days of violence, which
:08:33. > :08:36.included a riot, several stabbings of our waters, and it was a
:08:37. > :08:45.difficult environment. We maintain control, and this was an illegal
:08:46. > :08:50.strike, which forced us to remove 331 of our employees, which left us
:08:51. > :08:54.a little bit stretched. If we are presented with evidential support of
:08:55. > :09:00.some of the statements being made, we will look at it comprehensively.
:09:01. > :09:05.So at this stage, you are not ruling out the possible to that this was
:09:06. > :09:08.happening? It is difficult, in this environment, with so many people and
:09:09. > :09:12.so many moving parts, to categorically state that there has
:09:13. > :09:16.never been somebody stepping over the line. To my knowledge, there's
:09:17. > :09:23.never been an abuse of this type of nature. Andy Baker told me he
:09:24. > :09:30.expects G4S to be back in control of the prison in the near future.
:09:31. > :09:34.Thank you. Let me take you to an unprecedented
:09:35. > :09:38.site in the heart of the Chinese capital, Beijing. This is of a
:09:39. > :09:43.burning vehicle which crashed into a crowd of people and then caught fire
:09:44. > :09:48.in Tiananmen Square, literally next to the wall of the forbidden is it.
:09:49. > :09:55.Latest reports say five people died. More than 30 others, including
:09:56. > :10:01.tourists and police, were injured. Our correspondent explained what she
:10:02. > :10:06.saw. They were driving in two Tiananmen Square into the square. We
:10:07. > :10:10.were attempting to use our video camera from our car to get some
:10:11. > :10:15.shots of where this incident took place. We were pulled over by police
:10:16. > :10:20.and detained for about 20 minutes. This was just on the edge of the
:10:21. > :10:22.square, where they checked our identification before we were
:10:23. > :10:28.released. When we drove back through the square, all of the screens that
:10:29. > :10:32.had been hiding the scene of this incident had been removed, and
:10:33. > :10:36.tourists had returned to the square. It is almost as if this incident
:10:37. > :10:41.never took place. It was a fascinating moment. Within about 20
:10:42. > :10:46.minutes, it seemed that the square had been cleaned up. What do you
:10:47. > :10:50.think happened? At this moment, it is very difficult to tell. We know
:10:51. > :10:55.there were three people inside this vehicle. One could argue it was an
:10:56. > :11:00.accident, someone lost control of a car, and happened to have an
:11:01. > :11:04.accident in a very unfortunate part of town. Others could argue that
:11:05. > :11:09.this was a planned incident. This took place right on the edge of
:11:10. > :11:16.Tiananmen Square. It is a very politically sensitive area in China.
:11:17. > :11:26.It is the scene of 89's crackdown on pro-democracy protesters, and since
:11:27. > :11:28.then, many disgruntled protest as have returned to the square in order
:11:29. > :11:31.to voice their opposition of the Chinese government. The fact that
:11:32. > :11:34.this incident took place right on the edge of Tiananmen Square, right
:11:35. > :11:39.under the portrait of Chairman Mao that hangs over Tiananmen Square, it
:11:40. > :11:42.seems very serious indeed. We are not hearing any official account
:11:43. > :11:53.from the Chinese media get. Thank you. You are with BBC World News.
:11:54. > :11:57.Still to come - stars of the rock world called it the end of an era.
:11:58. > :12:07.Lou Reed, the former Velvet Underground front man, has died aged
:12:08. > :12:11.71. Let's move on to a massive storm
:12:12. > :12:16.which has been hitting northern Europe. At times, the winds have
:12:17. > :12:21.been at hurricane strength. It has been lashing it in, parts of France
:12:22. > :12:25.and the Netherlands. Two people have been killed in Britain by falling
:12:26. > :12:29.trees. There have been power cuts affecting many people in the
:12:30. > :12:34.Southwest -- the south-east of England and northern France. In
:12:35. > :12:39.Central London, a crane collapsed onto the roof of the government's
:12:40. > :12:43.Cabinet Office. It forced the Deputy Prime Minister to cancel his monthly
:12:44. > :12:48.press conference. This report now on developments in southern England and
:12:49. > :12:53.northern Europe. In the early hours, powerful gusts
:12:54. > :12:58.flatten age three near Plymouth, part of a trail of destruction, as
:12:59. > :13:04.the storm surges across the south of the country. Fallen trees, damaged
:13:05. > :13:08.homes and crushed cars. Homes were flooded, thousands of properties in
:13:09. > :13:13.the region are still without power. Pounding waves along the south coast
:13:14. > :13:20.announced the storm's arrival laced -- late last might. Gusts of 90 mph
:13:21. > :13:27.were the Isle of Wight. Rescue teams battled conditions searching for a
:13:28. > :13:32.14-year-old boy, who was feared dead after being swept to see in East
:13:33. > :13:36.Sussex. Millions of commuters faced disruptions. Many roads have been
:13:37. > :13:41.closed or blocked. Air passengers could face problems too, with around
:13:42. > :13:50.130 flights cancelled at Heathrow Airport. Rail services are running
:13:51. > :13:55.at reduced services. Falling trees and debris have caused major issues.
:13:56. > :14:00.South of the river, we have seen more than 30 incidences of Lyme
:14:01. > :14:08.blockages with trees blown down. In one case, a train was hit by a tree.
:14:09. > :14:12.There may be some hope in sight. The storm is in, and as the rush-hour
:14:13. > :14:19.goes on, it will take its strongest winds further east, with further
:14:20. > :14:24.potentially damaging gusts of wind and disruption. By the end of the
:14:25. > :14:28.morning, it is gone, and the weather starts to quieten down. The storm
:14:29. > :14:40.may be passing soon. We will have to wait longer to learn the extent of
:14:41. > :14:46.the damage it has caused. This is BBC World News. America's
:14:47. > :14:51.ambassador is summoned to meet Spanish ministers to answer
:14:52. > :14:55.allegations of spying by the US National Security Agency. New
:14:56. > :14:59.evidence has emerged of secret US surveillance in Europe and Japan.
:15:00. > :15:08.A British security firm is accused of shocking abuse at one of South
:15:09. > :15:13.Africa's most dangerous prisons. The trial has started in China for three
:15:14. > :15:17.activists arrested for asking for more transparency. They have been
:15:18. > :15:21.charged with illegal assembly. They gathered a dozen people at their
:15:22. > :15:24.apartment block. They aren't furled a banner calling on the president to
:15:25. > :15:39.make Chinese officials disclose their wealth publicly.
:15:40. > :15:50.The video has refused to run. Let's move on to scientists who say they
:15:51. > :15:54.are building a clearer picture of what causes Alzheimer's disease. An
:15:55. > :16:00.international team of researchers has found 11 new genes, links to the
:16:01. > :16:04.development of the condition. It is the largest study yet, which the
:16:05. > :16:08.charity Alzheimer's research UK said it could significantly increase
:16:09. > :16:15.understanding of the most common cause of dementia. Our reporter was
:16:16. > :16:20.asked about Alzheimer's disease and where this fits in to generating new
:16:21. > :16:26.knowledge. We know that brain cells are dying and that it happens ten
:16:27. > :16:31.years before you have any symptoms. Why they are dying, nobody knows.
:16:32. > :16:37.What this study has done is looped and 17,000 patients with
:16:38. > :16:41.Alzheimer's, it has compared them. We all have a genetic code in our
:16:42. > :16:48.bodies. It is what makes us different. Instead of just comparing
:16:49. > :16:51.our facial structure, they are comparing genetic codes, what makes
:16:52. > :16:54.people more likely to get Alzheimer's. They find these
:16:55. > :17:04.differences and try to work out what they are doing. These new genes
:17:05. > :17:09.bring a total of 21 genes. Different hotspots in the genetic code. One of
:17:10. > :17:13.them is the immune system. They do not know precisely what it is but
:17:14. > :17:24.why brain cells are dying, it seems to be important that the system is
:17:25. > :17:30.involved. Let me bring this together with the news we reported a few days
:17:31. > :17:34.ago which was peer-reviewed research suggesting they may have found ways
:17:35. > :17:38.of stopping brain cells dying, link this with that study. This study is
:17:39. > :17:44.looking at what is actually happening in the brain in people
:17:45. > :17:48.with Alzheimer's disease, why are those cells dying? We know that
:17:49. > :17:54.brain cells are dying. The other study was able to stop cells dying.
:17:55. > :18:00.They did not know exactly what was happening. They were working at two
:18:01. > :18:03.different ends of this tree. One was looking at what Alzheimer's was
:18:04. > :18:06.doing and the other was stopping the cells dying. If they could meet
:18:07. > :18:11.together you're getting close to being able to solve it. We will try
:18:12. > :18:17.to return to the trial in China. Three activists arrested for
:18:18. > :18:25.campaigning for more financial transparency for government
:18:26. > :18:32.officials. Grimy and polluted, one year into China's new era, there are
:18:33. > :18:37.no new freedoms. Instead, an intensifying crackdown. The three
:18:38. > :18:44.activists on trial face years in jail. They were unknown, minor
:18:45. > :18:49.figures before now. Their families said they have been singled out,
:18:50. > :18:53.made an example of. Their crime was to call for government officials to
:18:54. > :19:00.publicly disclose their wealth. The mother of one of the activists shows
:19:01. > :19:03.her anger to the police. She said officers had taken away key defence
:19:04. > :19:19.witnesses ahead of the trial. This is the first trial of President Xie
:19:20. > :19:25.Jin Ping's crackdown. This woman's mother is one of the three in court.
:19:26. > :19:30.She was concerned about excess expenses of government officials.
:19:31. > :19:36.They want to make them declare their assets. She says, when senior
:19:37. > :19:40.officials call for a crackdown of corruption they are seen as good,
:19:41. > :19:48.when ordinary citizens do it they are arrested. When the president to
:19:49. > :19:51.go for a year ago some hoped the new younger leader might bring reforms.
:19:52. > :19:57.He has launched high-profile crackdowns, one on corruption and
:19:58. > :20:00.another on government critics. Public anger at corruption is
:20:01. > :20:11.growing. This protest was in Beijing earlier this year by a group. It is
:20:12. > :20:16.what inspired the activists. These campaigners were arrested. So was
:20:17. > :20:22.this man, a lawyer and the leader of the movement. They style themselves
:20:23. > :20:30.as a peaceful, public campaign for change. Our society is rotten and
:20:31. > :20:36.ridiculous, he says. We need brave people to stand up. With this
:20:37. > :20:40.crackdown, the president is starting the -- certainly stamping his
:20:41. > :20:43.authority on China. He is going further than his predecessors to
:20:44. > :20:49.rein in threat to the Communist Party. The fear is the focus on
:20:50. > :20:59.stability means pressures and discontent are growing. The tributes
:21:00. > :21:02.are being paid to Lou Reed, the former Velvet Underground front man
:21:03. > :21:13.who has died aged 71 after complications over a liver
:21:14. > :21:18.transplant. He was a singer and songwriter and performer whose work
:21:19. > :21:23.influenced generations of musicians. Lou Reed initially found fame with
:21:24. > :21:27.the Velvet Underground in the 1960s. The group's combination of
:21:28. > :21:32.emotionally powerful music and complex yet accessible lyrics did
:21:33. > :21:38.not produce much commercial success, but in musical terms, it was
:21:39. > :21:41.ground-breaking. Credited with being instrumental in the development of
:21:42. > :21:49.punk and the alternative rock scene of the 1970s.
:21:50. > :21:54.He and the band also came to the attention of Andy Warhol, who helped
:21:55. > :22:00.produce their first album. Throughout his career, he paid
:22:01. > :22:09.tribute to his contribution. Everything I do is from the outside,
:22:10. > :22:13.and if it had not been for Andy, who knows whether I would have had a
:22:14. > :22:24.chance to do anything? I owe everything to Mr Warhol. Thank you.
:22:25. > :22:32.After the Velvet Underground went their separate ways, Lou Reed
:22:33. > :22:38.embarked on a solo career. His 1972 album Transformer, produced by David
:22:39. > :22:44.Bowie, included walk on the wild side.
:22:45. > :22:55.The controversial subject matter brought him a new wave of fans.
:22:56. > :22:59.Although the subsequent albums were experimental, he said the important
:23:00. > :23:07.thing was to move people. For me, any good song stimulates some kind
:23:08. > :23:12.of emotion. What other thing is there that makes people get up and
:23:13. > :23:19.dance? You cannot hold it in your hand, it is sound. How does sound do
:23:20. > :23:26.that? In the UK, his only number one came when he had a range of other
:23:27. > :23:33.artists performed perfect day for a BBC promotional film. He will not be
:23:34. > :23:37.remembered for chart success but as one of the most influential chart
:23:38. > :23:50.musicians of the last 40 years. Few did more to shape music.
:23:51. > :23:58.Finally, it is only a few days until Halloween. Parents across America
:23:59. > :24:02.are dreaming up novel shapes for their hollowed out pumpkins. One
:24:03. > :24:09.father of two is a master of the art, carving hundreds of intricate
:24:10. > :24:18.designs. He has been describing how he does it and how to get the best
:24:19. > :24:22.from your pumpkin. The magic of a pumpkin is it is this ephemeral art
:24:23. > :24:27.which is only available for one night only. I have been carving
:24:28. > :24:36.pumpkins along with my family. I started in 1998. I take a picture
:24:37. > :24:39.and I trace it onto the pumpkin using tracing paper. Sometimes you
:24:40. > :24:46.see a pumpkin and you know exactly what it is. I found one a few years
:24:47. > :24:49.back and I carved it. Or if I'm looking for one I will find one
:24:50. > :24:57.fairly round that will look like something from Star Wars. This is a
:24:58. > :25:05.monkey, and I am making here on its face. Some after a leak easy and you
:25:06. > :25:10.can do them and 45 minutes. I have spent over 30 hours on them before.
:25:11. > :25:14.It is called a shaded patio. You either take the skin off, leave it
:25:15. > :25:18.on or cut all the way through. There are three colours. When people come
:25:19. > :25:23.around the neighbourhood with their kids dressed up, they are looking to
:25:24. > :25:30.escape, they want to see Spiderman, they want to Seawolf man, they want
:25:31. > :25:32.to see princesses, fantasy figures. The biggest mistakes people do when
:25:33. > :25:42.the biggest mistakes people do when they carve pumpkins is not get thin
:25:43. > :25:45.enough on the inside. As soon as we are finished, I want to take a
:25:46. > :25:50.picture of the pumpkin, and put it on the website. It has been a great
:25:51. > :25:55.way to build an archive overtime of what we have done every year. My
:25:56. > :26:01.favourite story, I was in Romania a few years back, I was doing this
:26:02. > :26:04.event in this place, and this gypsy guy from northern Romania comes up
:26:05. > :26:09.to me, he does not know me from Adam, he said that he carved one of
:26:10. > :26:15.my patterns. My wife puts up with it, because how else do you get to
:26:16. > :26:21.spend a month round the table with your family? It is a time for family
:26:22. > :26:25.and friends to come over, have a terrific time, you get a little
:26:26. > :26:28.better every year. My daughter started karting when she was five,
:26:29. > :26:31.and she is pretty good now. It is great family time. We look forward
:26:32. > :26:44.to it every year. I hope he enjoys pumpkin soup, which
:26:45. > :26:48.is great. Finally, fresh allegations of US spying. Spanish media is
:26:49. > :26:51.publishing claims that they monitored 60 million telephone calls
:26:52. > :26:57.in Spain, and that was just in one month. The details come from the
:26:58. > :27:01.papers and Edward Snowden. Goodbye.