:00:08. > :00:18.Our top story, reports from China that this vehicle which burst into
:00:19. > :00:20.flames in Tiananmen Square, in which five people died, was a suicide
:00:21. > :00:24.attack. Survivors recount their narrow
:00:25. > :00:29.escape. TRANSLATION: And mother and I had nowhere to run from the car.
:00:30. > :00:34.We did not move. -- my mother. I thought if the car hit us, we would
:00:35. > :00:37.die. US politicians order a review of surveillance operations and the
:00:38. > :00:42.extent of the NSA's monitoring of foreigners.
:00:43. > :00:46.The United Nations says ten cases of polio have been confirmed among
:00:47. > :00:49.children in Syria. Officials warn of a risk that the outbreak will
:00:50. > :00:53.spread. A new mission to the red planet at
:00:54. > :00:55.this time NASA scientists want to find out why the atmosphere on Mars
:00:56. > :01:21.changed so dramatically. Police in China have named two
:01:22. > :01:24.people who are suspects in this major incident in Tiananmen Square.
:01:25. > :01:28.A vehicle crashed into a crowd and caught fire in the centre of the
:01:29. > :01:32.Chinese capital on Monday. Five people are known to have been
:01:33. > :01:40.killed. Police say that nearly 40 were injured. Some reports suggest
:01:41. > :01:43.it may have been a suicide attack. First came the fiery crash, in the
:01:44. > :01:49.heart of one of the most politically sensitive places in China. Next,
:01:50. > :01:56.Tiananmen Square, and just below the iconic portrait of Chairman Mao. And
:01:57. > :02:02.now the questions. The crash was not an accident. Who was responsible? An
:02:03. > :02:05.unnamed source has told Reuters that the incident seems to have been a
:02:06. > :02:11.planned suicide attack. The people inside the SUV have not been
:02:12. > :02:16.identified, says the same source. But outside Beijing, vehicles are
:02:17. > :02:19.being stopped at a checkpoint. A note has circulated to city hotels,
:02:20. > :02:30.indicating that police are looking for two Mail suspect in connection
:02:31. > :02:35.to Monday's episode. The suspects hail from counties like this, which
:02:36. > :02:42.have witnessed clashes between security forces and local people.
:02:43. > :02:44.Many blame the security forces for suppressing their culture and
:02:45. > :02:47.customs. In Beijing, several people hurt by the vehicle are receiving
:02:48. > :02:53.treatment at a local hospital. TRANSLATION: I thought that if the
:02:54. > :03:03.car was going to hit us, then we would directly. -- diet right there.
:03:04. > :03:06.But it hit every link. -- it hit a railing. Nobody noticed the car. We
:03:07. > :03:15.were standing there and it suddenly came towards us. Luckily, I'm moved
:03:16. > :03:20.to the side and the car went past. Chinese censors have been hard at
:03:21. > :03:23.work wiping messages from internet forums attempting to start a
:03:24. > :03:26.meaningful discussion about Monday's incident. As he saw Quays
:03:27. > :03:32.try to figure out what really happened, they are not turning to
:03:33. > :03:37.the public for help. Should the US stop spying on
:03:38. > :03:42.countries it considers friends? That is the key question when the head of
:03:43. > :03:45.the US National Security Agency appears before politicians in
:03:46. > :03:49.Washington in a few hours. A review of US buying programmes has been
:03:50. > :03:52.ordered by the Senate. This follows allegations that the NSA has been
:03:53. > :04:00.monitoring the phones of allies, including Angela Merkel.
:04:01. > :04:06.Another day, another embarrassment, another American ambassador summoned
:04:07. > :04:12.to see angry European officials. It was the newspaper Elmendorf that, on
:04:13. > :04:18.Monday, revealed large-scale American intelligence gathering in
:04:19. > :04:24.Spain. As many as 60 million phone calls scooped up in one month alone.
:04:25. > :04:27.-- El Mundo. Parliamentarians met congressional leaders in Washington
:04:28. > :04:30.to discuss the surveillance. Many of my colleagues angry and disturbed
:04:31. > :04:36.that friends are spying on friends. The stock answer, spying occurs
:04:37. > :04:40.anyway. If that is the case, then I think you have to register the anger
:04:41. > :04:44.of my German colleagues and others, who do not feel that that has to be
:04:45. > :04:47.the case. The revelations keep coming and they are acutely
:04:48. > :04:50.embarrassing for Washington. There is already reviewed into the way
:04:51. > :04:55.that intelligence is gathered and the White House says that additional
:04:56. > :04:57.restraint may be needed. But the administration is quick to defend
:04:58. > :05:03.the need for large-scale intelligence gathering. The work
:05:04. > :05:11.being done here saves lives. It protects the United States and our
:05:12. > :05:19.allies. It protects Americans stationed in dangerous places around
:05:20. > :05:23.the world. They say wiretap, we say fightback! It is not just Europeans
:05:24. > :05:29.angry about surveillance. In the US, there is disquiet about the breadth
:05:30. > :05:31.and depth of intelligence gathering. This is a problem that
:05:32. > :05:37.will not go away for the politicians.
:05:38. > :05:42.The storms which have left a trail of destruction across Britain and
:05:43. > :05:47.much of northern Europe... At least 30 people were killed by falling
:05:48. > :05:52.trees. As well as four deaths in Britain, six were killed in Germany.
:05:53. > :06:00.Becker gusts of up to 191 mph were measured over the North Sea.
:06:01. > :06:06.The raft of the storm which battered much of north-western Europe. In
:06:07. > :06:11.Belgium, working force wind knocked people off their feet. Motorways
:06:12. > :06:17.across the country remain shut. Meteorologists in Germany measured
:06:18. > :06:21.record gusts of 191 kph hour. It caused severe disruption for
:06:22. > :06:26.commuters. Trains were cancelled and there were heavy delays at airports.
:06:27. > :06:30.Wind and rain lashed the south of England. Debris was flung from
:06:31. > :06:36.buildings and more than half a million people suffered power cuts.
:06:37. > :06:39.Four people died on Monday. In one incident in west London, a man and a
:06:40. > :06:48.woman were killed after an uprooted tree caused a gas expulsion. -- gas
:06:49. > :06:53.explosion. In Brittany, a woman was swept into the sea from a cliff.
:06:54. > :07:00.Trees fell like Nacht X, weaving thousands without Ultra city. --
:07:01. > :07:04.matchsticks. Heavy winds swept across land land
:07:05. > :07:09.-- low-lying land, shutting down traffic. The Danish capital saw
:07:10. > :07:15.record gusts of up to 194, metres per hour. One man managed to capture
:07:16. > :07:20.this on camera. Scaffolding ripped off this office building in
:07:21. > :07:25.Copenhagen. From the British Isles, across the North Sea, through
:07:26. > :07:28.Scandinavia, the storm is no easing. Meteorologists say that the Baltic
:07:29. > :07:35.states will weather the storm today that it looks like the worst is now
:07:36. > :07:38.over. -- but it looks. Europe is recovering from that
:07:39. > :07:44.ferocious storm. This time one year ago, the other side of the Atlantic
:07:45. > :07:47.was dealing with Hurricane Sandy, causing massive disruption on the
:07:48. > :07:51.north-eastern coast of the United States. One of the hardest hit
:07:52. > :08:00.places was Staten Island, where 23 people died. Laura Trevelyan has
:08:01. > :08:05.returned to see the recovery effort. On a clear day, the view from Staten
:08:06. > :08:09.Island is unrivalled. But the island's position is it's on
:08:10. > :08:12.ability. It is here that the death toll from Superstorm Sandy was
:08:13. > :08:19.highest. The search was so strong that floodwaters ripped homes from
:08:20. > :08:23.their foundations. -- surge. Help was slow to arrive. There is still
:08:24. > :08:30.so much work left to do. This used to be my house. This man barely
:08:31. > :08:39.survives the storm. My mother was underwater. I had to pull an
:08:40. > :08:44.extension cord, and help her out. I do not know how to swim. And neither
:08:45. > :08:48.does my mum or my nephew. We opened the door and we asked my neighbour
:08:49. > :08:54.if we could come in. He said yes. His dog miraculously escaped. But
:08:55. > :08:58.everything else was gone. He has been in a hotel for most of the last
:08:59. > :09:02.year. You put up a tent where his house once stood. He has started a
:09:03. > :09:07.charity to help other victims as he waits for the money to rebuild. It
:09:08. > :09:11.looks like it is going to take years to rebuild. We should not be
:09:12. > :09:19.suffering like this after one year. Nearby, where three drowned during
:09:20. > :09:21.the storm, the toll taken by Sandy has led to major changes. This
:09:22. > :09:26.neighbourhood will be demolished, returned to nature, since it is
:09:27. > :09:31.likely to flood again. The federal government will buy the houses at
:09:32. > :09:37.the value they held before the storm. An estate agent here came up
:09:38. > :09:40.with the plan. This is a win-win. Taxpayers are saying, why are these
:09:41. > :09:43.people getting bought out? They live right near the ocean, they know
:09:44. > :09:55.that. No one ever suspected this would happen. From the government's
:09:56. > :09:58.perspective, they will save money. And for this portion of Staten
:09:59. > :10:01.Island, it will act as a barrier so it is great for them and the people
:10:02. > :10:06.who were victims of the storm. New York City is so vulnerable to storms
:10:07. > :10:09.because much of it is at sea level. Officials are shoring up the causal
:10:10. > :10:14.defences now. One of the things they're is bringing in rocks. The
:10:15. > :10:18.idea is that they will break up the impact of the weights if there is
:10:19. > :10:24.another storm. One other beaches, they are building
:10:25. > :10:27.sand walls. The parks commissioner says that these are some of the
:10:28. > :10:32.solutions that New York is working on because no one wants to back away
:10:33. > :10:40.from the coastline. In judgement is not a problem. And Hatton is an
:10:41. > :10:43.island. -- Manhattan. We are a city of islands and we are going to be
:10:44. > :10:50.protecting our shoreline and our forms, ensuring that we create a
:10:51. > :10:53.resilient city for the future. Sea levels are predicted to rise if the
:10:54. > :11:00.climate continues to change. New York is not taking any chances.
:11:01. > :11:04.News in the last hour, the world health organisation has confirmed an
:11:05. > :11:09.outbreak of wholly on Syria, the first for 14 years. They warn that
:11:10. > :11:16.there is a high-risk that the disease will spread. I'd put it to
:11:17. > :11:22.our correspondent in Geneva that this is an ominous that element. --
:11:23. > :11:30.ominous development. This is very bad news and an indication, if one
:11:31. > :11:34.were needed, of just how serious the public health situation in Syria is.
:11:35. > :11:40.Let alone the risks of being caught up in the Civil War. The fact is,
:11:41. > :11:44.there are 22 cases of polio being investigated. Ten are now confirmed.
:11:45. > :11:50.Ely all of them in children under two, showing signs of acute
:11:51. > :11:56.paralysis. That is a sign of polio. Those children almost certainly were
:11:57. > :12:00.not immunised at all. Syria was a country until two and a half years
:12:01. > :12:04.ago which had eradicated polio. There had not been a case there for
:12:05. > :12:08.14 years. But now children are not being vaccinated because of the
:12:09. > :12:14.collapse of the public health system, and somehow the polio virus
:12:15. > :12:20.has found its way back into Syria. What, then, is the scale of
:12:21. > :12:32.monitoring in a war zone of some kind or another? Well, I think this
:12:33. > :12:34.is very difficult. We do know that hospitals and medical professionals
:12:35. > :12:40.in the north-east of Syria reported these cases. And now the Syrian
:12:41. > :12:44.health ministry, with UN aid agencies, is apparently trying to
:12:45. > :12:48.get a mass immunisation campaign going across the country, but we
:12:49. > :12:53.know that fighting rages in many, many areas. And we know that other
:12:54. > :13:00.forms of vital aids, food, water, shelter, medicine, cannot be
:13:01. > :13:05.delivered because of the fighting. I think it is very clear that many
:13:06. > :13:13.children who do need vital that a nation will not get it. The view
:13:14. > :13:18.from the World Health Organisation. You with BBC World News. Still to
:13:19. > :13:23.come, it is safer than cash in the bank. Why owning a car in Venice
:13:24. > :13:30.will is a better investment than a savings account. -- Venice well. To
:13:31. > :13:35.Brazil, and a change in the law should end a highly unlikely
:13:36. > :13:41.occupation. She's smuggling. For more than half a century, it has
:13:42. > :13:46.been illegal to sell cheese made from unpasteurised milk. It has been
:13:47. > :13:49.a big problem for the traditional cheesemakers of Brazil. A
:13:50. > :13:56.refrigerator packed full with Artisan cheese, destined for sale in
:13:57. > :13:59.Sao Paulo. This cheese specialist has an
:14:00. > :14:04.international client list. But there is an important detail. Up until
:14:05. > :14:08.quite recently, some of what he has been doing has been technically
:14:09. > :14:14.illegal. All from the 1950s the sale of raw milk or unpasteurised
:14:15. > :14:21.cheeses. Anywhere in the country, unless they were mature for at least
:14:22. > :14:25.two months. TRANSLATION: Lately, consumers have been looking for
:14:26. > :14:36.Brazilian Artisan cheese. But people like me have to sell it informally.
:14:37. > :14:41.70% of this cheese is going to Sao Paulo illegally. Some of Brazil's
:14:42. > :14:48.most sought after Artisan cheeses are made in farms like this in the
:14:49. > :14:56.mountains. Here, cheesemaking techniques have remained unchanged
:14:57. > :14:59.for three centuries. Raw milk cheese has proved so popular in the past
:15:00. > :15:04.that it had to be smuggled all over the country. Now a change in the law
:15:05. > :15:10.means that small producers will no longer have to sell the specific
:15:11. > :15:14.type of cheese under the counter. -- this specific. It can be sold now
:15:15. > :15:18.when it is less mature. For Brazilian cheesemakers, this is a
:15:19. > :15:24.welcome boost. It seems the quicker you get it to market, the bigger the
:15:25. > :15:30.sales. In this shop, Fernando sells more than 80 types of cheese from
:15:31. > :15:33.six baits. Bringing the taste of resulting locals and foreigners
:15:34. > :15:38.alike. I have found a lot of Brazilian cheese which looks like
:15:39. > :15:46.French cheese. The taste, the colour. Encouraged by the approval
:15:47. > :15:48.of customers, small producers hope that this traditional cheesemaking
:15:49. > :15:53.technique, handed down from generation to generation, could soon
:15:54. > :16:04.become as well-known abroad as it is in Brazil.
:16:05. > :16:13.You are with BBC World News. Reports from China say a vehicle explosion
:16:14. > :16:18.in Tiananmen Square which killed five people may have been a suicide
:16:19. > :16:25.attack. Police have named two suspects. The US Senate intelligence
:16:26. > :16:30.committee board is a major review of surveillance operations, head of the
:16:31. > :16:41.National Security agency appearing in Washington in a few hours.
:16:42. > :16:44.Now,that age old question - when the economy looks uncertain, where do
:16:45. > :16:48.you invest your spare cash? For many, the answer is to buy gold. In
:16:49. > :16:56.Indonesia the growth rate is slowing and the currency getting weaker. But
:16:57. > :16:59.the precious metal isn't just a valuable commodity for investors,
:17:00. > :17:02.the country's gold miners are also benefiting too. At end an easy as
:17:03. > :17:10.state gold company hundreds of people arrive every day to buy this
:17:11. > :17:16.precious metal. Some -- many of them are first-time buyers. How much have
:17:17. > :17:22.you bought today? 50 grams. Why have you decided to invest in gold? I
:17:23. > :17:28.hope it will have a good price in the future. At around 43 US dollars
:17:29. > :17:34.per gram, these are significant investments. Many Indonesians would
:17:35. > :17:39.see it as a hedge to the risks in the country and having undergone a
:17:40. > :17:46.lot of economic turbulence in the past, they feel the risks are very
:17:47. > :17:51.real. Indonesia is not only a gold buying nation, it is also a producer
:17:52. > :17:56.and in times of economic uncertainty, thousands of migrants
:17:57. > :18:03.try their luck at unregulated, unlicensed gold mines like this one
:18:04. > :18:08.on the island of Borneo. In the capital of the island, there is no
:18:09. > :18:12.shortage of demand for goods made of gold. The informal gold mining
:18:13. > :18:23.sector in Indonesia is huge, second only to China. The gold market here
:18:24. > :18:26.is an essential trading hub and its services thousands of miners who
:18:27. > :18:36.labour in makeshift sites around this area. With the Root beer still
:18:37. > :18:43.fluctuating, it is likely Indonesia 's many gold investors will keep
:18:44. > :18:57.these gold miners busy for the foreseeable future.
:18:58. > :19:00.Where best to invest any spare cash isn't just an issue for Indonesians.
:19:01. > :19:06.Venezuela has the largest oil reserves in the world. So the
:19:07. > :19:09.country should be an economic success story. But the country is
:19:10. > :19:12.plagued by regular shortages of basic goods. The inflation rate is
:19:13. > :19:16.almost 50%. Instead of putting their money in the bank, some Venezuelan
:19:17. > :19:18.are now buying old cars as a way to save cash.
:19:19. > :19:23.This man bought his car a year ago, since then its value has more than
:19:24. > :19:27.doubled. I bought this jeep as a way to invest my money, it is an
:19:28. > :19:31.investment. Currently in this country, keeping money in the bank
:19:32. > :19:37.is not a viable option. I have it but I rarely use it because repair
:19:38. > :19:41.parts are very expensive. Used cars are popular because new ones are
:19:42. > :19:46.almost impossible to buy. This is one of many empty car dealerships
:19:47. > :19:51.here in Caracas. We are told there isn't even a waiting list, it has
:19:52. > :19:59.been one year since they last had a car available. The government
:20:00. > :20:06.regulates access, making it difficult to import adults from
:20:07. > :20:16.overseas. Economists also blame inflation. At 45% it is one of the
:20:17. > :20:21.highest in the world. Cars have become a way for people to save
:20:22. > :20:26.money. If you keep your money in the bank, it loses value. If you invest
:20:27. > :20:32.in a car, you could sell it again at a higher price. Cars are not the
:20:33. > :20:37.only affected sector, the country also suffers from shortages of
:20:38. > :20:41.milk, sugar and toilet paper. Even members of the government admit now
:20:42. > :20:46.that there are problems with the economy, they have called for
:20:47. > :20:51.reforms and in future the price of used cars will be regulated.
:20:52. > :20:56.Jonathan says he's not worried. For now, he is sure that his car will
:20:57. > :21:05.sell a good price, remaining his safest investment.
:21:06. > :21:14.Two years after US forces withdrew from Iraq, violent incidents are on
:21:15. > :21:18.the increase. On Monday alone, two car bombs and an ambush of a police
:21:19. > :21:21.checkpoint in Iraq killed 11 people near the capital Baghdad on Monday.
:21:22. > :21:25.Such attacks have become more and more common this year in Iraq, a
:21:26. > :21:29.country that remains fragile in a number of ways. The BBC's Paul Adams
:21:30. > :21:32.looks at some of the issues at play in today's Iraq. It is not quite two
:21:33. > :21:35.years since the last US troops left Iraq, relief for America at the end
:21:36. > :21:40.of a long and unpopular war and an opportunity, they said, for Iraq to
:21:41. > :21:45.go it alone. This is a time for Iraq to look forward. This is an
:21:46. > :21:51.opportunity for Iraq to forge ahead on the path to security and
:21:52. > :21:55.prosperity. But the path so far seems to have led backwards to
:21:56. > :22:03.scenes reminiscent of its darkest days and statistics that tell a
:22:04. > :22:07.gruesome tale. Back in 2008, it is thought almost 6800 Iraqis died,
:22:08. > :22:13.that is a conservative UN estimate. The following three years saw a
:22:14. > :22:16.steady decline to a low of around 2800 the year the Americans finally
:22:17. > :22:23.withdrew, but the numbers have climbed ever since. Already this
:22:24. > :22:28.year the figure stands at over 6000. Once again, Baghdad is at the
:22:29. > :22:31.centre. In recent weeks there have been several coordinated car bomb
:22:32. > :22:36.attacks in the capital but other parts of the country are also being
:22:37. > :22:41.affected. In September, a rare attack in the Kurdish north, and
:22:42. > :22:45.another worrying sign the southern Shia dominated city of Basra has
:22:46. > :22:51.also seen a surge in violence. What does this point to? The politicians
:22:52. > :22:56.in the country have their fears. We hope it will not develop but there
:22:57. > :23:01.is a real fear the conflicts could develop into a civil war. So who and
:23:02. > :23:07.what is responsible for these developments? As always, the country
:23:08. > :23:12.is awash with malicious and armed groups, jostling for political and
:23:13. > :23:17.geographical authority. The central government is weak and divided, but
:23:18. > :23:21.groups allied with Al-Qaeda, once on the retreat, are back with a
:23:22. > :23:25.vengeance still capable of pulling off so-called spectaculars,
:23:26. > :23:34.coordinated mass casualty attacks like this one in Baghdad. One of the
:23:35. > :23:42.largest groups is Isis, operating in both countries. To make matters
:23:43. > :23:47.worse, the Iraq military is weak, and its approach to
:23:48. > :23:56.counterinsurgency tends to rely on mass arrests. In the words of one UN
:23:57. > :24:03.official, the battlefields are merging. A decade of agony which
:24:04. > :24:09.shows no sign of ending. Now let's go into a far greater
:24:10. > :24:19.distance across the universe and the punditry system. -- planetary
:24:20. > :24:23.system. Scientists believe that Mars once had an atmosphere thicker than
:24:24. > :24:26.ours here on Earth. Now they're getting closer to finding out how it
:24:27. > :24:29.lost it so dramatically. India's Mars Orbiter Mission, the country's
:24:30. > :24:32.first interplanetary foray, is due to blast off on November fifth. Now
:24:33. > :24:39.NASA says it's on track to launch its Maven spacecraft on the 18th.
:24:40. > :24:44.NASA's next mission to Mars. The spacecraft is called Maven, standing
:24:45. > :24:50.for Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution. The plan is for it to
:24:51. > :24:55.soar over 6000 kilometres above the surface of Mars, dipping download
:24:56. > :25:00.five times during the mission. This model simulation shows solar winds
:25:01. > :25:03.sweeping across Mars, stripping it of its atmosphere molecule by
:25:04. > :25:08.molecule. At one time it was believed the Red Planet had an
:25:09. > :25:11.atmosphere they than that of Earth. Scientists want to use the probe to
:25:12. > :25:16.find out why it went through such a dramatic change. We want to
:25:17. > :25:21.understand what the history of the atmosphere has been, how the climate
:25:22. > :25:25.has changed through time, and how that has influenced the revolution
:25:26. > :25:32.of the service and potential habitability, at least by microbes,
:25:33. > :25:37.of Mars. A year ago last August, NASA successfully deployed its
:25:38. > :25:40.Curiosity Rover. In its first year of operations it has been exploring
:25:41. > :25:45.the landscape for clues about whether the planet could ever have
:25:46. > :25:50.supported life. It is part of a series of probes and Rovers by NASA
:25:51. > :26:00.to gather key dated before a planned mission to send humans there as
:26:01. > :26:04.early as the 2030s. Maven is on track to launch next month and if
:26:05. > :26:10.all goes well it should arrive back by next September, and look
:26:11. > :26:14.something like this. Let me conclude our programme here
:26:15. > :26:20.with a couple of videos which are quite extraordinary. This is how to
:26:21. > :26:29.open a bottle of beer with a helicopter in China. It is the last
:26:30. > :26:32.event event in the three-day long China Helicopter Tournament. Pilots
:26:33. > :26:35.had to take the top off a bottle using an opener tied to the skid.
:26:36. > :26:39.This attempt appeared successful. Did he celebrate with a beer? After
:26:40. > :26:42.careful inspection the pilot wasn't awarded points because the top of
:26:43. > :26:48.the bottle was damaged. Seems a bit harsh. What about how to benefit
:26:49. > :27:01.from the hurricane force winds? Look at this Brazilian surfer. He is
:27:02. > :27:03.riding the wave, which is reported to be 30 metres high. You have been