:00:07. > :00:15.Hello. This is BBC World News. The top stories. Blast off from the Bay
:00:16. > :00:18.of Bengal. India has successfully launched its first mission to Mars.
:00:19. > :00:42.Could the conflict rage, the world health organisation
:00:43. > :00:47.warns that polio is spreading. It used to be polio free, and now in
:00:48. > :00:49.the North East, an area torn by fighting, there is at least ten
:00:50. > :01:14.confirmed cases. Welcome. India's first mission to
:01:15. > :01:18.Mars is on its way, the orbiter mission successfully blasted off
:01:19. > :01:24.just under an hour ago, from a launch pad near the city of Chennai
:01:25. > :01:28.on the south-east coast. The tiny craft will orbit the earth first
:01:29. > :01:47.which means it won't reach Mars for craft will orbit the earth first
:01:48. > :01:54.would propel India ahead of China and Japan in the field of
:01:55. > :01:59.interplanetary exploration, India has been criticised for spending on
:02:00. > :02:04.a space programme when there are still millions of poor living on
:02:05. > :02:11.less than a dollar a day. This particular mission has cost India
:02:12. > :02:17.round $73 million, a small amount, the US spends ten times as much on
:02:18. > :02:25.similar missions, India spends $1 billion a year and has 20 satellites
:02:26. > :02:29.in orbit. It is very small percentage of its Government spend.
:02:30. > :02:34.Our correspondent was at temperature launch pad. I asked whether there
:02:35. > :02:39.was a sense of pride, given the success so far of this first Indian
:02:40. > :02:57.Mars mission. That is right I think that
:02:58. > :03:00.Mars mission. That is right I think programme, valuable in terms of what
:03:01. > :03:04.it can be contribute towards India's space programme and towards India's
:03:05. > :03:10.standing in the world. We were on air when the mission took off a
:03:11. > :03:16.couple of ours ago. Within the first 44 minutes it began orbiting the
:03:17. > :03:19.earth. Since then we have some of the senior Space Agency officials
:03:20. > :03:23.coming from Mission Control, the head of the space organisation
:03:24. > :03:29.coming to speak to the media. It is a moment of pride for him and his
:03:30. > :03:33.scientists, he has been talking about whab a great moment what a
:03:34. > :03:40.great moment it is for them. It's the start of a critical mission, the
:03:41. > :03:44.probe, the or bitter will circle theeth ral times, before it begins
:03:45. > :04:09.that lengthy journey towards Mars. theeth ral times, before it begins
:04:10. > :04:18.try to resolve its grievances through diplomatic means.
:04:19. > :04:23.With me is a representative from the BBC Great Lakes Service. You have
:04:24. > :04:29.spoken to some of these rebels just yesterday, was this expected this
:04:30. > :04:35.strament today? You could tell he was expect, although they were
:04:36. > :04:38.saying they want an political end to the situation, and also a saying
:04:39. > :04:42.they don't want to carry on fighting, so you could sense that
:04:43. > :04:47.something, you know, like this would come up. Can you just explain for
:04:48. > :04:51.those who are not familiar with this, what this dispute has been
:04:52. > :04:58.about and whether this is seen as an end to the tart of -- part of the
:04:59. > :05:17.conflict. The M23, it is a group that came
:05:18. > :05:21.They say they defend the two minorities of eastern Congressional,
:05:22. > :05:26.and they said they have been persecuted and they wanted the right
:05:27. > :05:32.to be respected are. They want also to take part in the Government, take
:05:33. > :05:37.part in the army, so they have, that is what they have been claiming.
:05:38. > :05:40.When you speak to them, can you describe how this group has
:05:41. > :05:47.operated? Do they have the discipline now to carry out a
:05:48. > :05:51.cessation? This was quite well-organised. To, if they can
:05:52. > :05:57.carry out it, it is hard to tell, from now we don't know where they
:05:58. > :06:04.are, some say they have crossed over to Rwanda and Uganda or disappeared
:06:05. > :06:08.The forest. But -- disappearing in the forest. It is difficult to see
:06:09. > :06:32.how they would the forest. It is difficult to see
:06:33. > :06:39.in the DRC affects so many countries thought Africa. Why is that? Why
:06:40. > :06:48.does it matter so much? Well this is a very rich area of the Congress, of
:06:49. > :06:53.the region. Rich in minerals? And diamonds. Experts say everyone wants
:06:54. > :06:59.to have a piece of evidence. That is one reason. The other reason there
:07:00. > :07:06.are some of the ethnic groups you find them in Rwanda. They share some
:07:07. > :07:13.languages. There is this feeling of belonging to, you know, each
:07:14. > :07:18.community, so it is not treant to see these having to be involved.
:07:19. > :07:38.Thank you very much. Now, the UN has warned of
:07:39. > :07:42.Thank you very much. of the few journalists reporting
:07:43. > :07:48.inside Syria. You are in dam cut, what is the latest you are finding.
:07:49. > :07:54.This is a humanitarian crisis that affects all of Syria, even here in
:07:55. > :08:00.the capital. Particularly in the suburbs there have brch
:08:01. > :08:06.malnutrition, even, that is because all of the areas are caught up in
:08:07. > :08:09.this worsening war, the war is a deepening humanitarian crisis, that
:08:10. > :08:15.is why aid agencies have been calling on the Government, calling
:08:16. > :08:19.on the opposition, to allow food medical aid, to reach people where
:08:20. > :08:24.ever they are and this concerns the very urgent issue of immunisation,
:08:25. > :08:29.we have been looking at the cases of polio, Syria was polio free since
:08:30. > :08:30.1999. It prided itself on its relatively good health care system,
:08:31. > :08:49.now it relatively good health care system,
:08:50. > :08:55.every day fleeing the war there is a risk it will spread to neighbouring
:08:56. > :09:04.countries. Two drops and many tears. Protecting against polio, one of the
:09:05. > :09:08.most devastating childhood diseases. This clinic is packed with parents.
:09:09. > :09:12.This woman has brought her daughters. I feel sad for the
:09:13. > :09:17.children who got polio she tells me, thank good we have the vaccines
:09:18. > :09:22.here. This This centre has some of the best healthcare in Syria. The
:09:23. > :09:26.families now it is safe to bring their children. It is not the same
:09:27. > :09:33.across the rest of the country. Syria used to be polio free since
:09:34. > :09:38.the late 90s f, in the North East, there is at least ten confirmed
:09:39. > :09:40.cases and fears there could be more. Some of those cases were brought
:09:41. > :10:05.here to the Children's Hospital in progress.
:10:06. > :10:09.TRANSLATION: It's a sudden Des with flu-like symptom, children become
:10:10. > :10:12.paralysed in one or two leg, I think is a huge challenge, I will fight
:10:13. > :10:19.until there is no more polio in Syria. It is hard to fight this
:10:20. > :10:25.disease in the middle of war. Aid agencies say 500,000 children need
:10:26. > :10:33.to be vaccinated urgently. Sometimes it is difficult to implement the
:10:34. > :10:36.door-to-door Sam nation. The campaign should be very short and
:10:37. > :10:41.very wide, and this is the reason problem that we are facing, we don't
:10:42. > :10:48.have access to all the high risk areas. Under growing pressure
:10:49. > :10:49.Syria's deputy Foreign Minister called in the press to highlight the
:10:50. > :11:11.crisis. Syria is called in the press to highlight the
:11:12. > :11:18.with armed group, terrorist groups, we believe they have to accept that
:11:19. > :11:26.this medicine should reach each child. Usually we are ask the United
:11:27. > :11:33.Nations organisations in Syria to make the necessary contacts. We
:11:34. > :11:39.shall help in this direction. To protect the children aid agencies
:11:40. > :11:43.are calling on sides to ceasefire. The expedition has accused the
:11:44. > :11:48.Government of blocking air to areas under their control. This disease
:11:49. > :11:55.spreads fast and with thousands of Sirrials crossing borders to escape
:11:56. > :11:59.the war, polio threatens not just Syria.
:12:00. > :12:18.That is why imnation campaigns are being stepped up
:12:19. > :12:21.That is why imnation campaigns are he said one single case of polio
:12:22. > :12:29.should be of concern to the entire world, the goal is to eradicate the
:12:30. > :12:36.world by 18 hundred. There are fears there will be many more.
:12:37. > :12:40.Thank you. Now, talks which it is hopes will
:12:41. > :12:46.open the way for full piece negotiations between the warring
:12:47. > :12:53.factions in Syria have begun gun today in Jieh o Geneva, the meeting
:12:54. > :13:04.has been delayed several times because of who should attend. Some
:13:05. > :13:09.groups will insist they won't take part in. We immediate the bright
:13:10. > :13:11.sparks trying to meet people's resources last longer.
:13:12. > :13:31.sparks trying to meet people's points have been concerns over
:13:32. > :13:38.Turkey's record on human rights and a ter for yacht dispute over Cyprus.
:13:39. > :13:44.But reports have praised Turkey for carrying out judicial reforms. At a
:13:45. > :13:49.meeting in Lithuania EU Foreign Ministers search for place, but
:13:50. > :13:55.there is no name card for Turkey. The country is still waiting on the
:13:56. > :14:00.outside. In 1987 Turkey applied to join what
:14:01. > :14:08.was then the European economic community, formal access talks only
:14:09. > :14:12.began in 2005. They have not made much progress. Tur dice Prime
:14:13. > :14:18.Minister says he expects his country to get in by the time it celebrate
:14:19. > :14:40.in 1922. If not they may give up the to get in by the time it celebrate
:14:41. > :14:43.economically but for the develop. Of democracy they are an obvious choice
:14:44. > :14:47.to pick. I don't believe we need to join the
:14:48. > :14:51.European, they are afraid the turkey youths will go to Europe and
:14:52. > :14:58.increase Nair unemployment figures but we have raised an edge cased
:14:59. > :15:03.young generation. In June this year if country faced danger a at home.
:15:04. > :15:11.The Government confronted demonstrators in a series of mass
:15:12. > :15:16.protects. A recent report criticised the Turkish authorities for uses
:15:17. > :15:27.excessive force. Turkey defended its actions.
:15:28. > :15:31.On Sunday, its forces faced Kurdish protesters on the border with Syria.
:15:32. > :15:52.Some in Europe don't like the idea of sharing
:15:53. > :16:01.This is BBC World News. The headlines: India has launched its
:16:02. > :16:05.first-ever mission to Mars. A rocket carrying a scientific probe blasted
:16:06. > :16:06.off from a space port in the Bay of Bengal and is now orbiting the
:16:07. > :16:10.earth. Rebels in the Democratic Republic of
:16:11. > :16:12.Congo announce an end to their insurgency. They say they'll disarm
:16:13. > :16:15.and demobilise after being driven out of their strongholds by
:16:16. > :16:18.government troops More than 150 soldiers have been sentenced to
:16:19. > :16:25.death in Bangladesh following a mutiny four years ago.
:16:26. > :16:29.In all, more than 800 people faced charges in connection with the
:16:30. > :16:34.mutiny. During a two-day uprising in 2009, 70 people were killed
:16:35. > :16:38.including senior officers. Their bodies were dumped in shallow graves
:16:39. > :16:40.and sewers. With me now is BBC Bengali editor
:16:41. > :17:05.Sabir Mustafa. With me now is BBC Bengali editor
:17:06. > :17:11.A soldiers have sentenced to death. -- 152 soldiers have been sentenced
:17:12. > :17:14.to death. 57 were army officers, including a major general. There
:17:15. > :17:18.will be tremendous pressure on the government to ensure that the
:17:19. > :17:21.sentences are carried out, and the military will not be resting easy
:17:22. > :17:26.until they see the sentences carried out, because they would fear that,
:17:27. > :17:31.unless the sentences are carried out, it won't send the kind of
:17:32. > :17:36.message they want to send to any future mutiny people. These life
:17:37. > :17:45.sentences, and quite a few people released without charge. 277 have
:17:46. > :17:50.been acquitted. What was the reason behind the mission? Four years ago,
:17:51. > :18:10.February 25, when the mutiny broke, there was quite
:18:11. > :18:13.February 25, when the mutiny broke, They always complained that the army
:18:14. > :18:17.officers treated them badly, some were corrupt and engaged in corrupt
:18:18. > :18:22.practices, so they wanted changes in the force. That triggered the
:18:23. > :18:26.mutiny, but what caused the killing spree? That remains a mystery. Some
:18:27. > :18:33.people think it just got out of hand, because they ended up killing
:18:34. > :18:37.the chief of the force, and it's spiralled out of control after that.
:18:38. > :18:43.It was not like you to need any more, it was like a killing spree,
:18:44. > :18:48.the public just see it as a killing spree -- it was not like mutiny any
:18:49. > :18:54.more. The causes of the mutiny just went into the background. There is
:18:55. > :18:59.hardly any discussion. What is the politics of this? The mutiny
:19:00. > :19:02.happened within one month of a new government taking over, and it
:19:03. > :19:19.almost derailed the government. There
:19:20. > :19:23.almost derailed the government. within the camp. Many complained
:19:24. > :19:29.that some leaders of the ruling party might have been in the know,
:19:30. > :19:33.so there is a political angle. Although the military would express
:19:34. > :19:37.satisfaction at the sentencing, particularly the large number of
:19:38. > :19:44.death sentences, there is a fear that some people in the military...
:19:45. > :19:51.People who conspired, if there are is a conspiracy, people have not
:19:52. > :19:55.been exposed through the trials. The bodies of two French journalists
:19:56. > :20:00.shot dead on Saturday in northern Mali have arrived back in France.
:20:01. > :20:05.The French president joined family members at the airport in Paris to
:20:06. > :20:09.meet the reply treated bodies. The journalists were kidnapped after an
:20:10. > :20:30.interview with a group leader. Their bodies were later found on a road.
:20:31. > :20:38.interview with a group leader. Their energy-saving message with them.
:20:39. > :20:42.Singapore is a nation of neon lights and air conditioning, it is a
:20:43. > :20:48.similar story in the more developed cities across the region. Making
:20:49. > :20:53.sure energy is used wisely is a priority, but how do you convince
:20:54. > :20:59.the locals to conserve resources? One US -based software company says
:21:00. > :21:02.it has found the answer, by comparing people pits energy
:21:03. > :21:08.consumption to that of their neighbours. It is a method it is
:21:09. > :21:13.about to try in Asia. When you first login, you come to the dashboard.
:21:14. > :21:16.These are some of the key pieces, we show your energy use compared to
:21:17. > :21:22.your neighbours. They can see their neighbours are. These homes are
:21:23. > :21:40.nearby, similar sized. So you see what everyone in your
:21:41. > :21:45.nearby, similar sized. So you see is it shaming? I don't mind the word
:21:46. > :21:50.shaming, but it really isn't. Behavioural psychologists call it
:21:51. > :21:54.peer proof. High-density living creates challenges, but in Singapore
:21:55. > :22:00.pits housing estates, Dan sees huge opportunities. You see some people
:22:01. > :22:02.with air-conditioners and the windows open, you can see the air
:22:03. > :22:11.conditioner running. That is not good. This business is employed by
:22:12. > :22:17.the energy provider, which hands over their customer lists. It is a
:22:18. > :22:20.massive trend across the globe, utilities in partnership with
:22:21. > :22:26.regulators getting paid to save energy. It is unusual, it is
:22:27. > :22:33.counterintuitive for a utility company to try to reduce the bills
:22:34. > :22:50.of company to try to reduce the bills
:22:51. > :22:56.meet demand. In essence, OPOWER uses behavioural science, telling you how
:22:57. > :22:59.much you are paying compared to the neighbours. Something to ponder next
:23:00. > :23:07.time you leave the lights on when nobody is home.
:23:08. > :23:10.Some of the images coming out of Egypt recently haven't made for
:23:11. > :23:13.pretty viewing - especially for photographer Amr Mounib. After 35
:23:14. > :23:16.years, he returned to the place he once called home and found a
:23:17. > :23:18.paradise lost. Now the Egyptian-American is using his
:23:19. > :23:20.happier childhood memories as a source of inspiration. This is his
:23:21. > :23:38.story. I have experienced Egypt in its
:23:39. > :23:39.golden days, as a child. I remember flowers were ample everywhere, fruit
:23:40. > :24:01.trees. This is the land of milk flowers were ample everywhere, fruit
:24:02. > :24:07.artist. I work in the United States and Egypt, Robert Lee in Cyprus as
:24:08. > :24:12.well, too. What drove me to get involved in the visual media and
:24:13. > :24:25.photography was really being exposed by my grandmother, and my father 's
:24:26. > :24:29.influence in Egyptian television. My grandfather was the first producer,
:24:30. > :24:32.actor and director in silent movies. When you grow up in a beautiful
:24:33. > :24:40.country like the United States, where you have rule of law,
:24:41. > :24:45.technology, education, freedom to do things, in 2007, when I went back to
:24:46. > :24:51.my roots, things were not as I expected. When it comes to Egypt, I
:24:52. > :24:52.was saddened, to see the degradation happening over a long period of
:24:53. > :25:12.time. happening over a long period of
:25:13. > :25:17.could see the frustration of the local Egyptians. It was limiting, I
:25:18. > :25:21.was approach many times, why are you taking pictures? Who are you using
:25:22. > :25:25.it for? You need to get permission to photograph, things like that, it
:25:26. > :25:32.is a struggle just to get an image out. The first victim of the first
:25:33. > :25:36.revolution was an Egyptian artist. He would have been a rising star as
:25:37. > :25:44.a contemporary artist, but a bullet took him away. I have motivation to
:25:45. > :25:49.go and join my brothers and sisters - and not a flag, not a country,
:25:50. > :25:54.humanity was crying for justice. I went to Tahrir Square three times, I
:25:55. > :25:58.did not go in deep, because once you go there you do not collide for
:25:59. > :26:01.three or four days. You can hear the chanting the cry of humanity, asking
:26:02. > :26:21.for dignity, asking chanting the cry of humanity, asking
:26:22. > :26:24.but not Vernon Maynard. He marked his centenary birthday on Monday by
:26:25. > :26:29.doing something he'd never done before - skydiving. The retired car
:26:30. > :26:33.dealer needed a doctor's note before he was given the go ahead, but after
:26:34. > :26:36.the all-clear Mr Maynard made the jump over California with his two
:26:37. > :26:45.great nephews and trained instructors from a height of 13,000
:26:46. > :26:48.feet. Maynard's daughter Linda Hironimus says her father's friends
:26:49. > :26:56.made arrangements for him to skydive after he said he always wanted to
:26:57. > :26:58.try it. Well done to him! That's its
:26:59. > :27:02.promise. See you soon.