:00:27. > :00:31.50 are killed in renewed sectarian violence in the Central African
:00:32. > :00:38.Republic - just as its parliament prepares to elect a new leader. And
:00:39. > :00:41.scientists are waking up a spacecraft from deep space
:00:42. > :00:45.hibernation to complete its mission to land a probe on aim comment. --
:00:46. > :01:05.on a comet. Hello and welcome. The United
:01:06. > :01:09.Nations nuclear agency has said Iran has started to shut down some of its
:01:10. > :01:13.enrichment programme. It is a key part of its agreement that should
:01:14. > :01:19.lead to the easing of economic sanctions. For years, Western powers
:01:20. > :01:24.have accused Iran of seeking nuclear weapons -- nuclear weapons, but
:01:25. > :01:29.Tehran insists its intentions are peaceful. Iran has said it has
:01:30. > :01:37.halted its enrichment of uranium above 5% purity. In return, world
:01:38. > :01:40.powers will not impose further nuclear power related sanctions, and
:01:41. > :01:47.will suspend certain sanctions on trade. Our correspondent is in
:01:48. > :01:52.Vienna at the headquarters of the IAEA. She says the start of the
:01:53. > :01:58.process is now being seen as a major step. I've seen a copy of the
:01:59. > :02:06.content -- of a confidential report issued by the IAEA saying that Iran
:02:07. > :02:11.has halted its sensitive uranium enrichment work above 5%. People
:02:12. > :02:16.were concerned about Iran's ability to have high enriched uranium,
:02:17. > :02:23.because while low enriched uranium is something used in power plants,
:02:24. > :02:27.Iran has been able to reach up to 20%, which could potentially allow
:02:28. > :02:32.it to enrich to the very high levels needed for a nuclear bomb. Iran has
:02:33. > :02:37.said its nuclear work is peaceful, but under the terms of this deal, it
:02:38. > :02:44.is now porting its enrichment and work for six months. The report also
:02:45. > :02:48.says Iran has made arrangements with the IAEA for its inspectors to go
:02:49. > :02:55.more frequently to these nuclear sites, including on holidays, and
:02:56. > :03:06.this is part of the IAEA's verification work. Our correspondent
:03:07. > :03:14.from our Persian services here. Exactly what is it mean to say that
:03:15. > :03:19.the 20% enrichment is going to be scaled back? It means it will be
:03:20. > :03:24.much more difficult to use its full potential weapons grade facilities.
:03:25. > :03:30.Right now, Iran has a stockpile of close to 416 kilograms of uranium
:03:31. > :03:35.that has been enriched up to 20%, and they have promised to scale back
:03:36. > :03:40.down. They can do that in three different ways. Oxidising it, or
:03:41. > :03:44.turning it into powder, or turning it into yellow cake, or turning it
:03:45. > :03:53.into a delighted that into a diluted liquid. And what will happen to all
:03:54. > :03:59.that? They are going to keep them within the country, but they will
:04:00. > :04:05.create much lower grade, 5% to 9% maximum, which means it will be much
:04:06. > :04:10.more difficult to enrich it further. It is reversible, of course, but we
:04:11. > :04:15.are not sure Iran has the facilities to reverse that process that
:04:16. > :04:20.quickly. The lower levels of enrichment are fine for energy
:04:21. > :04:27.production, but not for weapons production. Yes. What is the
:04:28. > :04:30.reaction to this in Iran today? Many people in Iran have been waiting for
:04:31. > :04:35.this moment. They are calling it a turning point politically and
:04:36. > :04:40.economically. You can already see the effect of that, even though
:04:41. > :04:44.nothing much has happened yet in terms of embargo is being lifted.
:04:45. > :04:48.You can see that in the psychological effect in Iran in the
:04:49. > :04:54.stock market, and the rays of the exchange rate against the US
:04:55. > :04:58.dollar. The psychological effect is huge because people have been pretty
:04:59. > :05:03.much blocked from imports and exports and dealing with the rest of
:05:04. > :05:07.the world for the past two years because of very strict embargo is,
:05:08. > :05:14.both in petroleum products of Iran and with the barking -- and with the
:05:15. > :05:19.banking system. It will change the livelihoods of people very soon.
:05:20. > :05:22.What is your sense of why we have got to this incredible place? When
:05:23. > :05:29.you think back to the rhetoric of the George Bush era, and other
:05:30. > :05:34.Iranians Presidents, it is a massive turning point, potentially. And
:05:35. > :05:40.we're about to come to the Geneva talks on Syria again, and Iran's
:05:41. > :05:44.potential role in that. Is this because we were pushed to potential
:05:45. > :05:50.military action over Syria with the United States? That surprising
:05:51. > :05:56.change of attitude is the same in Iran as in the West. There are many
:05:57. > :06:01.inside Iran who cannot believe why Iran has given up all of its what
:06:02. > :06:08.they called in alien or rights to enriching nuclear facilities and
:06:09. > :06:12.nuclear uranium. They cannot understand why they have suddenly
:06:13. > :06:22.agreed to give it all up. One conservative newspaper in Iran has
:06:23. > :06:27.got a black and white issue, like a mourning issue today, and the
:06:28. > :06:34.headline says, nuclear holocaust. They think it is going to be a
:06:35. > :06:38.loss, this agreement. Thank you. The main Western backed Syrian
:06:39. > :06:44.opposition says it will suspend its participation in the Geneva to
:06:45. > :06:47.meeting, after the UN invited the Iranians to take part. A
:06:48. > :06:51.spokesperson for the Syrian National Coalition said it will not join
:06:52. > :07:01.talks until Iran withdraws its troops from Syria.
:07:02. > :07:07.It was unusual. A press conference called on a Sunday evening, hours
:07:08. > :07:11.before the Secretary-General was due to fly to Switzerland. But Ban
:07:12. > :07:17.Ki-Moon must have understood the controversy surrounding what he was
:07:18. > :07:23.about to say. I believe strongly that Iran needs to be part of the
:07:24. > :07:33.solution to the Syrian crisis. Iran understands that the basis of the
:07:34. > :07:38.talks is the full implementation of the 2012 Geneva Communique. A short
:07:39. > :07:42.time later came the fallout. Syria's main opposition group, seen
:07:43. > :07:49.here voting in favour of attending the peace talks, has now threatened
:07:50. > :07:56.to pull-out. The bitter relationship is partly down to what is happening
:07:57. > :08:00.here on the battlefield. Iran is an ally of President Assad, and has
:08:01. > :08:05.sent military support to the Syrian Army. The Syrian National Coalition
:08:06. > :08:11.backs the rebels, and it's not just the SMC who are annoyed by the
:08:12. > :08:25.invitation. In a statement, the United States has said:
:08:26. > :08:32.Whilst this diplomatic spat plays out, the heavy loss of life
:08:33. > :08:37.continues. This unverified video claims to show the aftermath of a
:08:38. > :08:41.government bomb attack. Hopes for these people that talks can bring
:08:42. > :08:49.meaningful peace have never looked so far away.
:08:50. > :08:54.Meanwhile, the Syrian President Bashar al-Assad has been speaking to
:08:55. > :08:58.a news agency ahead of the conference. He says its primary goal
:08:59. > :09:04.is to discuss the fight against terrorism in his country.
:09:05. > :09:07.TRANSLATION: The logical thing that we've been talking about
:09:08. > :09:12.continuously is that the Geneva conference comes out with clear
:09:13. > :09:18.results in relation to combating terrorism in Syria, especially in
:09:19. > :09:24.terms of pressurising the countries that export terror to Syria, sending
:09:25. > :09:29.money to terrorist organisations, and particularly Saudi Arabia and
:09:30. > :09:33.Turkey, and of course the Western countries that provide a political
:09:34. > :09:37.cover for these terrorist organisations. This is the most
:09:38. > :09:42.important result that can come out of the Geneva Conference. Any
:09:43. > :09:49.political outcome that may emerge without combating terrorism will be
:09:50. > :09:53.worthless. There cannot be political work while terrorism is rife
:09:54. > :09:57.everywhere, in Syria and in neighbouring countries. On the
:09:58. > :10:01.political side, it is possible for the Geneva Conference to be a
:10:02. > :10:06.catalyst for dialogue within Syria. There has to be a process taking
:10:07. > :10:13.place within side -- within Syria, and the Geneva Conference can help
:10:14. > :10:21.that. But it cannot replace talks within Syria between Syrians. In
:10:22. > :10:27.other news, at least 14 people have been killed in Pakistan by a
:10:28. > :10:33.suspected suicide bomber in the city of Rawalpindi near Islamabad. Eight
:10:34. > :10:37.soldiers were among the dead. The attack comes a day after another
:10:38. > :10:46.Taliban bombing killed soldiers in the north-west.
:10:47. > :10:52.Ten people in Japan and four in China became ill after eating
:10:53. > :10:56.poisoned dumplings. A food worker admitted injecting the dumplings
:10:57. > :11:03.with insecticide in 2008 after a problem with his employer over pay.
:11:04. > :11:08.The trial of two French footballers accused of having sex with an
:11:09. > :11:11.underage prostitute is due to begin in Paris. Franck Ribery and Karim
:11:12. > :11:17.Benzema deny knowing the woman, who is aged 18. They both face jail time
:11:18. > :11:21.and fines. President Barack Obama has said he
:11:22. > :11:27.does not consider marijuana to be more dangerous than alcohol for the
:11:28. > :11:29.individual user, but warned it was wrong to think that legalising
:11:30. > :11:34.marijuana would solve any social problems. You'll Athe parliament in
:11:35. > :11:42.the Central African Republic has been voting to elect a new interim
:11:43. > :11:46.president. The international community of the Red Cross has said
:11:47. > :11:51.that at least 50 people were killed in the country over the weekend. Our
:11:52. > :11:55.correspondent is in the capital, and told us there was hope that the two
:11:56. > :12:01.leaders could be brought together again. There were eight candidates
:12:02. > :12:07.who were pre-selected for this election. We are to hold that each
:12:08. > :12:12.of them has 15 minutes to sell themselves in front of the
:12:13. > :12:18.lawmakers, who will then cast their ballots. We expect a vote early in
:12:19. > :12:22.the afternoon here. Obviously, we have been covering the ongoing
:12:23. > :12:28.violence in the Central African Republic. What hope now of peace?
:12:29. > :12:34.And of the extra peacekeepers coming in? All eyes are on the parliament
:12:35. > :12:40.right now. People are waiting to hear who will be there next interim
:12:41. > :12:43.leader, who will lead them towards an election next year, a popular
:12:44. > :12:49.election where people will be going out to vote. Some people are saying
:12:50. > :12:54.they are hoping this will ease the tension, this will bring some kind
:12:55. > :12:59.of order in the capital, but also elsewhere in the country, where
:13:00. > :13:02.violence hasn't stopped. Many fear, depending on who was elected today,
:13:03. > :13:09.the country could sink into further chaos. The European Union is
:13:10. > :13:14.debating in Brussels today, with the foreign Mrs -- foreign ministers
:13:15. > :13:17.addressing the situation in the central African republic, and we
:13:18. > :13:20.expect them to approve the deployment of up to 1000 soldiers in
:13:21. > :13:26.the country here by the end of February. The African peacekeepers
:13:27. > :13:31.are here, but whether they have enough troops on the ground is a
:13:32. > :13:39.question that needs to be answered. Thank you. The AFP news agency is
:13:40. > :13:44.reporting that voting is starting for a new interim president there.
:13:45. > :13:49.Much more to come here on BBC News. We look at the Swedish town
:13:50. > :13:53.struggling to cope with the influx of Syrian refugees, and residents
:13:54. > :14:00.who want to send them away. And a moving tribute for our much
:14:01. > :14:11.loved colleague, from one of his last interviewees. He was truly a
:14:12. > :14:18.shining star of Africa. One of the great orchestral
:14:19. > :14:25.conductors of recent decades, the Italian conductor, has died. He had
:14:26. > :14:30.conducted across Europe with numerous orchestras. He had been ill
:14:31. > :14:35.for several years, and had made hundreds of recordings from the
:14:36. > :14:41.classical repertoire. A really, really significant figure. Both
:14:42. > :14:47.Opera and orchestral music. An early career in his home city of Milan,
:14:48. > :14:51.and then this remarkable set of performances with London, with
:14:52. > :14:59.Vienna, with Berlin, and with his own orchestra. What did he bring to
:15:00. > :15:05.the skill of conducting? It's an extraordinary range of music that he
:15:06. > :15:10.conducted. There was a really special... He tried to talk about
:15:11. > :15:16.his musical quality, but a deep musicianship. Orchestral and is
:15:17. > :15:20.talked about the fact he said very little in rehearsal. It was all
:15:21. > :15:24.there in the performance. An extremely elegant conductor, and one
:15:25. > :15:33.who was very supportive of musicians. Deeply aware of all sorts
:15:34. > :15:36.of musical styles, from Italian opera to the great classical work,
:15:37. > :15:45.but very committed to new work as well. The way that the music is put
:15:46. > :15:51.together changes, and audiences have their favourites, was he widely
:15:52. > :15:58.loved? Enormously. Particularly by his colleagues. This orchestra that
:15:59. > :16:03.he created was made up of orchestral musicians from Vienna, Berlin,
:16:04. > :16:12.really famous soloists, well-known quartet players, they just came to
:16:13. > :16:18.make music with him. He worked with him yourself, he has been at the
:16:19. > :16:23.Proms. Yes, I worked with him at one of his major recording companies, I
:16:24. > :16:28.had the pleasure of seeing a lot of that work. One of the great things
:16:29. > :16:33.is the legacy he leaves behind. He was last at the Proms in 2007, an
:16:34. > :16:37.unforgettable performance, and those performances with his orchestra are
:16:38. > :16:46.going to be one of the great legacies of his work.
:16:47. > :16:53.This is BBC World News. The headlines.
:16:54. > :16:57.The United Nations nuclear watchdog reports that Iran has halted its
:16:58. > :17:03.most sensitive uranium in Richmond work, it is part of a deal which
:17:04. > :17:05.will use to an easing of sanctions against the country.
:17:06. > :17:13.Syria's main opposition group says it will boycott talks over ending
:17:14. > :17:17.the Civil War. Some Swedish towns are struggling to
:17:18. > :17:20.find the resources to cope with a steady inflow of Syrian refugees
:17:21. > :17:26.after the government in Stockholm made them an offer of guaranteed
:17:27. > :17:30.asylum. The Swedish Democrat party claims ethnic Swedes are angry at
:17:31. > :17:35.the cost of social benefits and rising pressures on schools, housing
:17:36. > :17:38.and health care. In the past eight years, Sodertalje has accepted three
:17:39. > :17:47.times more refugees than Sweden's biggest cities.
:17:48. > :17:50.Sodertalje's reputation as a haven for Middle Eastern Orthodox
:17:51. > :17:57.Christians has made it a magnet for Syrian refugees. But beneath a
:17:58. > :18:01.hospitable air, Sodertalje is struggling to accommodate 1000
:18:02. > :18:06.Syrians who arrived in 2013. The mayor would like to remove the right
:18:07. > :18:13.of newcomers to choose where to live so that other towns can share the
:18:14. > :18:20.burden. The difficulties of getting jobs, poverty, more children that
:18:21. > :18:25.cannot get a good education, because they do not arrive here at six years
:18:26. > :18:30.of age. Many refugees here live in cramped conditions, with families
:18:31. > :18:37.and friends. With her three children and husband, this woman fled Aleppo
:18:38. > :18:43.when the fighting became unbearable. TRANSLATION: Being a refugee is
:18:44. > :18:47.horrible, but compared to people living in tents and in bad
:18:48. > :18:54.conditions of a freezing to death, they do not have any food, people
:18:55. > :18:59.dying, we have it good here. Nowhere is the welcome better than in
:19:00. > :19:03.education. At this school, 98% of the pupils are from immigrant
:19:04. > :19:09.backgrounds. Only five indigenous Swedes remain after parents of 24
:19:10. > :19:16.ethnic Swedish seventh to ninth graders withdrew their children.
:19:17. > :19:21.There is a belief in society today that foreigners or refugees are
:19:22. > :19:25.going to affect their kids, and that is not the case, it is almost the
:19:26. > :19:29.opposite. A school with a mixed combination of kids give the best
:19:30. > :19:38.results, all the research shows that. That is why the segregated
:19:39. > :19:41.society is very poor for everybody. Sodertalje is expected to receive a
:19:42. > :19:45.further 2000 Syrian refugees during the course of the coming year. Those
:19:46. > :19:50.numbers will automatically add to the unemployment rate of 14% in this
:19:51. > :19:56.region, which is twice the national average. To the indignation of
:19:57. > :20:02.right-wingers like this man, that means more generous welfare checks.
:20:03. > :20:07.Many ethnic Swedes feel they are being betrayed by the government. We
:20:08. > :20:13.cannot afford to have an open door policy, because in the long run, it
:20:14. > :20:18.will take more and more of the country's resources. With no end in
:20:19. > :20:24.sight to the one-way traffic, the government has promised extra cash
:20:25. > :20:27.to municipalities, but it will not restrict refugees' freedom of
:20:28. > :20:37.movement, so the expansion of the town will continue.
:20:38. > :20:42.The European Space Agency says its Rosetta spacecraft has come out of
:20:43. > :20:45.hibernation. The probe, which has travelled 800 kilometres through
:20:46. > :20:50.space, -- 800 million kilometres through space, will attempt to make
:20:51. > :20:55.contact with a comet, something that has never been done before.
:20:56. > :21:00.A giant mass of ice and rock hurtling through space. Comet 67P
:21:01. > :21:04.hails from the dawn of the solar system, and is the target for one of
:21:05. > :21:12.the riskiest missions ever attempted. The Rosetta spacecraft
:21:13. > :21:17.launched a decade ago, the start of an epic journey. For the last two
:21:18. > :21:21.years, it has been put in the space hibernation, with its instruments
:21:22. > :21:28.shall town to save energy for the final phase of its mission. Now, it
:21:29. > :21:30.is time for it to come back online. Let's use our virtual reality studio
:21:31. > :21:36.to understand how this spacecraft wakes up. Now, it is more than 800
:21:37. > :21:41.million kilometres away from Earth. First of all, and internal alarm
:21:42. > :21:47.clock goes off, triggering its heaters so it can warm up. The craft
:21:48. > :21:51.stops spinning by firing its thrusters. Once it is stabilised, it
:21:52. > :21:55.uses its navigational instruments to find Earth and angles towards it.
:21:56. > :22:00.Then, it sends its message back home. For the scientists who built
:22:01. > :22:06.some of its instruments, it discovered to be an anxious wait.
:22:07. > :22:10.Everything rides on this particular stage of the mission being
:22:11. > :22:16.successful. We have to get control but of the satellite so that we can
:22:17. > :22:20.start it on its journey to rendezvous with the comet. It should
:22:21. > :22:25.catch up with the comet later this year. Then comes the most perilous
:22:26. > :22:29.stage, dropping a lander onto the comet as it is travelling at
:22:30. > :22:33.incredible speeds. It will have to bolt itself down onto the icy
:22:34. > :22:41.surface summit is not fly off. Nothing like this has ever been
:22:42. > :22:44.attempted before. We are excited, because comet act as a time travel
:22:45. > :22:51.Capshaw, from the start of the solar system. They contain the earliest
:22:52. > :22:54.water and organic material that was there before the planets formed.
:22:55. > :22:59.Understanding comet could and so some of the biggest questions in
:23:00. > :23:04.science. If Rosetta can pull this off, it could chat light on how our
:23:05. > :23:10.planets came to be, and even how life started here on earth.
:23:11. > :23:13.We are getting reports from Iraq that there have been a number of car
:23:14. > :23:20.bombs across several neighbourhoods in Baghdad. Killing a number of
:23:21. > :23:28.people, reports of 16 people being killed, but to 24 being killed, and
:23:29. > :23:32.40, 50, 60 reported injuries. That is in a number of different parts of
:23:33. > :23:37.the capital. We will bring you more on that as soon as we can. The news
:23:38. > :23:42.agencies are just bringing news of half a dozen bomb explosions in
:23:43. > :23:47.Baghdad, possibly 24 people killed. Here, we have been remembering our
:23:48. > :23:51.dear friend and colleague Komla Dumor, who died at the weekend. Any
:23:52. > :23:55.of you will have seen his reporting following the death of Nelson
:23:56. > :24:03.Mandela, and his family asked to pay their own tribute to him. Nelson
:24:04. > :24:08.Mandela's daughter told our correspondent that the news had come
:24:09. > :24:14.as a shock to her family. There was lots of shock and sap is
:24:15. > :24:23.amongst us. -- sadness amongst others. He was a shining store -- a
:24:24. > :24:33.shining star of Africa, he came into our lounges, bedrooms, everyday, at
:24:34. > :24:49.the same time. He was Africa, in every essence.
:24:50. > :24:54.When you met him, it was at a difficult time, you had just lost
:24:55. > :25:01.your father. But he described to me how he felt like he was part of the
:25:02. > :25:10.family when he came to offer condolence to your family. He came
:25:11. > :25:20.into my house and called me an endearing term. In West Africa, that
:25:21. > :25:26.is what we call elder people. We talked about everything, I was very
:25:27. > :25:33.comfortable. That is the type of person, professional journalist,
:25:34. > :25:45.that he was. As I said, you have people that have charisma, who have
:25:46. > :25:54.that presence that makes you happy, even if you are sad, it kicks you a
:25:55. > :26:00.warm feeling inside, and for me, even when I was in my saddest
:26:01. > :26:05.moment, I felt confident. Was it about -- what was it about him that
:26:06. > :26:15.made him special? What makes these people have a presence? I do not
:26:16. > :26:22.know. He said to my husband that he was a suave dresser, with his
:26:23. > :26:28.impeccable suits! Most of the BBC journalists are suave dresser is,
:26:29. > :26:34.with ties and handkerchiefs! He was always well put together, even if he
:26:35. > :26:38.was in the field, with casual clothing, the presence, his
:26:39. > :26:49.tallness, the way that he carried himself, he had a glow on his face
:26:50. > :26:53.all the time. Well coming into your home somebody you have known for a
:26:54. > :26:57.long time. Makaziwe Mandela, the daughter of
:26:58. > :27:01.the former president, remembering our friend, Komla Dumor.