:00:08. > :00:12.The human cost of war and persecution - 50 million people
:00:13. > :00:18.around the world are thought to be displaced, according to new figures
:00:19. > :00:21.A peace plan for Ukraine is to be announced by President Poroshenko,
:00:22. > :00:25.hours after a phone call with Russia's President Putin.
:00:26. > :00:28.No combat troops on the ground, but the United States will send
:00:29. > :00:37.hundreds of military advisors into Iraq to help fight Islamist
:00:38. > :00:39.militants. And - why would you blow the top off a mountain?
:00:40. > :01:00.Being forced out of your home, even your country,
:01:01. > :01:02.is a trauma and often a tragedy, caused by wars and persecution.
:01:03. > :01:05.And last year, the number of displaced people hit
:01:06. > :01:14.50 million, according to the UN's refugee agency.
:01:15. > :01:17.and the highest level since the end of the Second World War. Out of
:01:18. > :01:24.Korea, and the highest level since the end of the Second World War.
:01:25. > :01:28.Rica to stand any chance of progressing.
:01:29. > :01:32.17 million have left their country in search of security. The vast
:01:33. > :01:37.majority are internally displaced, so they often end up living in huge
:01:38. > :01:44.camps that in some cases have become permanent slum cities.
:01:45. > :01:50.New arrivals from Syria. The conflict is in its fourth year. 2.5
:01:51. > :01:56.million Syrians have fled their country, they may be safe, but this
:01:57. > :02:01.can never be home. A further 6.5 million are displaced inside Syria.
:02:02. > :02:08.Short of food, shelter and medical care and aid agencies can scarcely
:02:09. > :02:12.reach them. Round the world, war and persecution have driven over 51
:02:13. > :02:18.million from their homes. The highest figure since the Second
:02:19. > :02:22.World War. It is a quantum leap, it's a qualitative change we are
:02:23. > :02:27.witnessing, the world is becoming more violent, and more people are
:02:28. > :02:30.being forced to flee, and the capacity to solve these problems
:02:31. > :02:36.from a humanitarian point of view doesn't simply exist.
:02:37. > :02:41.UN aid agencies are impatient at what they see is paralysis within
:02:42. > :02:46.the UN Security Council. Designed to prevent and solve conflict, it seems
:02:47. > :02:51.to be doing anything but. Hundreds of thousands of refugees have been
:02:52. > :02:58.in camps for years. Meanwhile, new wars add to their numbers. In 2013,
:02:59. > :03:04.32,000 people fled their homes every day. From the Central African
:03:05. > :03:09.Republic, from South Sudan, from smash that, from Syria. Their lives
:03:10. > :03:15.are on hold until they can go home. Among that figure of 51 million
:03:16. > :03:25.displaced, the latest from Iraq haven't even been included yet.
:03:26. > :03:28.So, Imogen saying 51 million there. That 33 million figure for
:03:29. > :03:32.internally displaced is something we can look at now. The country with
:03:33. > :03:38.the most refugees is Pakistan, at the moment, civilians are fleeing
:03:39. > :03:45.combat areas in north Waziristan as the army prepares to renew its
:03:46. > :03:51.offensive against militants. Thank you for joining us there.
:03:52. > :03:59.First of all, give us an indication as to where they have GCSEs are
:04:00. > :04:07.gathering. -- where the refugees are gathering. I am in a town which is
:04:08. > :04:11.the biggest town on the edge of north Waziristan where Pakistani
:04:12. > :04:16.army started military air strikes. During the first few days there was
:04:17. > :04:20.a curfew, people couldn't leave. In the last few days curfew has been
:04:21. > :04:25.partially lifted and people are coming out. They are coming out in
:04:26. > :04:31.tens and thousands. I was talking to a senior official and they said the
:04:32. > :04:37.number of those displayed is approaching 200,000. In the last few
:04:38. > :04:44.hours, on this main road, we have seen truck loads of women, children,
:04:45. > :04:49.elderly, overloaded vehicles, carrying whatever they can to get
:04:50. > :04:54.out of from north Waziristan. Normally it takes them an hour to
:04:55. > :04:59.travel between two town, in this environment where they have several
:05:00. > :05:02.checkpoints to cross it is taking 27 hours in some case, they have been
:05:03. > :05:06.travelling without food, without water and I can tell you it is
:05:07. > :05:11.really hot here, the temperature is about 41 degrees C. But it feels
:05:12. > :05:15.like more than 45. And what sort of help are they
:05:16. > :05:19.getting? Are they depending on family and friends, or is there some
:05:20. > :05:27.sort of infrastructure provided for them? Well, the Prime Minister and
:05:28. > :05:32.the army chief are meeting in Peshawar which is the capital in
:05:33. > :05:36.North West Frontier Pakistan. They have been saying we will do
:05:37. > :05:40.everything we can to take care of these people this this difficult
:05:41. > :05:45.time, but I can tell you that there are two camps being set up, one
:05:46. > :05:50.right behind me, and we haven't seen any people there. There is another
:05:51. > :05:55.camp in, basically at the gate point where people are coming from north
:05:56. > :06:01.Waziristan, that too is empty. Many of these people are coming to the
:06:02. > :06:06.town, and then hoping to either rent places, or move in with their
:06:07. > :06:10.friends or relatives, not just here but across Pakistan, families have
:06:11. > :06:15.been travelling to Karachi and other areas, because they have very little
:06:16. > :06:18.faith in Governments efforts. These people are poor, but they have a
:06:19. > :06:23.sense of dignity. They have a lot of self respect and think don't want to
:06:24. > :06:26.be reduced to a life of poverty and begging in Government camps which is
:06:27. > :06:32.what we have seen in the past. So many of these people are here on a
:06:33. > :06:36.self-help basis, and they are trying to seek refuge where they can, not
:06:37. > :06:42.depending on the Government. Thank you for that. The scale is just
:06:43. > :06:47.terrifying really in so ways. Many of the people who are escaping the
:06:48. > :06:53.conflict in Syria for example, parts of Africa, they head not just down
:06:54. > :06:57.the road, they try to get to Europe. Matthew Price is on a ship where a
:06:58. > :07:01.rescue of people from a boat carrying migrants is currently under
:07:02. > :07:04.way. I will explain, we are using a
:07:05. > :07:09.smartphone here, so the quality might not be as perfect as we would
:07:10. > :07:14.hope. It is pretty good We are in the Mediterranean, we are on the
:07:15. > :07:20.high seas. North of Libya to the east of Malta, this is a boat that
:07:21. > :07:25.was first spotted 16 hours or so ago, and the naval frigate we are on
:07:26. > :07:31.raced to the scene. We got here just after dawn. Originally 270 people
:07:32. > :07:36.onboard. They have told the crew of the Tam -- Italian navy ship they
:07:37. > :07:40.are from Syria. All the women and children, we believe some 50 women
:07:41. > :07:45.and 18 children have been taken off, and if I just ask Martin, the
:07:46. > :07:50.cameraman to swing other smartphone to this way, you will see the bridge
:07:51. > :07:54.of this ship, and then in the distance there, the Italian naval
:07:55. > :07:59.frigate to which these migrants are being taken. It is a time consuming
:08:00. > :08:02.operation, the sea is relatively calm at the moment but they are
:08:03. > :08:08.taking no chances, so the first thing they do here is to send a
:08:09. > :08:13.small launch, a small dinghy out to the boat in question, in this case
:08:14. > :08:17.the Ibrahim, we don't know where it is from but we believe it has come
:08:18. > :08:23.from Egypt, with the Syrians onboard. This boat is fist, they put
:08:24. > :08:28.life vests on to the boat itself, make sure everybody wears them,
:08:29. > :08:31.there was anxious moments because the migrants onboard get excited
:08:32. > :08:35.they believe they are about to be rescued. They all stand up and that
:08:36. > :08:41.can create great instability on the boat, but the Navy has done this an
:08:42. > :08:45.awful lot over the last few months, pinpointing boats either in trouble
:08:46. > :08:48.or sometimes not those in trouble but boats which they believe could
:08:49. > :08:54.get into trouble, they come out as fast as they can, and one by one,
:08:55. > :08:59.using the launch, I don't know if you can see that launch there, they
:09:00. > :09:04.take people off the boats. This of course is the Ukrainian
:09:05. > :09:08.President Poroshenko Poroshenko who may feel he has good news reported
:09:09. > :09:11.because there are reports that suggestion Government troops have
:09:12. > :09:17.regained control of the country's eastern border with Russia. That
:09:18. > :09:22.claim has come from Ukraine's acting Defence Minister and follows months
:09:23. > :09:29.of conflict with pro-Russian separatists, all of which coincides
:09:30. > :09:35.with a 14 point peace plan drawn up by Mr Poroshenko. Our correspondent
:09:36. > :09:38.is in Kiev and I asked if the reports have been confirmed and how
:09:39. > :09:43.significant this development would be? To the first point, we can't be
:09:44. > :09:47.certain there is no way of verifying this independently, but to the
:09:48. > :09:50.second point it is significant, of Ily this is something that the
:09:51. > :09:54.Ukrainian Government has set out to do, in fact this is one of the first
:09:55. > :09:59.steps that President Poroshenko named in, before he introduced this
:10:00. > :10:05.peace plan, he said they would restore Ukrainian control over the
:10:06. > :10:07.border, then they would introduce a unilateral seas fire and then the
:10:08. > :10:13.peace plan. The first step according to the fishes is in players we will
:10:14. > :10:17.see what happens, we are awaiting the announcementer, or the unveiling
:10:18. > :10:21.of Mr Poroshenko's 14 point peace plan you mentioned, and then we will
:10:22. > :10:24.see what happens after that. Right. I suppose it helps to be in a
:10:25. > :10:29.position of strength when you want to launch a peace plan, but from
:10:30. > :10:32.what we understand, is there much in that plan which you can imagine
:10:33. > :10:37.separatists in the east are going to be able to put their hands up to?
:10:38. > :10:42.Well, it is difficult to say. Obviously there is a lot that points
:10:43. > :10:47.to a certain amount of scepticism, or if not pessimism about the peace
:10:48. > :10:50.plan, the fighting continues, there are casualties, NATO officials say
:10:51. > :10:55.that the Russians are building up troops against on the board, they
:10:56. > :10:58.say said this would not be so worrisome if they were preventing
:10:59. > :11:04.fighters getting into Ukraine which they say is not the case, there are
:11:05. > :11:09.still fighters entering. Obviously there is a lot that can tern into it
:11:10. > :11:13.and we will see if the fighters themselves accept the peace plan or
:11:14. > :11:17.even the ceasefire, maybe they will continue fighting, so it remains to
:11:18. > :11:22.be seen but the next few hours will indicate the success or failure or
:11:23. > :11:27.potential success or failure of this plan. To Iraq now, and the message
:11:28. > :11:31.from Washington, no air strikes at least not at the moment, but # 00
:11:32. > :11:35.American military advisers are heading to Iraq to back the
:11:36. > :11:43.Government's efforts to hold back the tide of ISIS militants. Fierce
:11:44. > :11:47.fighting goes on, and for a stras jibgly important airport near the
:11:48. > :11:51.city of Mosul. These are the fighters the US wants
:11:52. > :11:57.to stop. ISIS Islamists who have made swift gains and are threatening
:11:58. > :12:01.to advance on Baghdad. After delicate deliberations President
:12:02. > :12:05.Obama announced the US will send 300 military adviser, who will have
:12:06. > :12:09.non-combat roles and he threatened limited air strikes. Going forward
:12:10. > :12:14.we will be prepared to take targeted and precise military action, if and
:12:15. > :12:18.when we determine that the situation on the ground requires it. This was
:12:19. > :12:22.not the big announcement of a counter strike that some in the
:12:23. > :12:25.Iraqi Government and the American opposition had been waiting for.
:12:26. > :12:30.American combat troops, the President repeated, won't be
:12:31. > :12:34.fighting in Iraq again. His focus is on political pressure, he wants the
:12:35. > :12:39.Shia-led Government to take into consideration the grievances of its
:12:40. > :12:43.Sunni citizens. President Obama believes Prime Minister Nouri
:12:44. > :12:47.Al-Maliki is an obstacle to reconciliation. In the Sunni areas
:12:48. > :12:52.round Baghdad they are staying away from the streets, fearful of ISIS
:12:53. > :12:56.and Civil War. The bombings in central Baghdad continue, Sunnis
:12:57. > :13:00.against Shias and Shias against Sunnis and the battle for the
:13:01. > :13:05.country's biggest oil refinery in northern Iraq goes on. Meanwhile, in
:13:06. > :13:08.Britain, membership of ISIS becomes a criminal offence from today. There
:13:09. > :13:12.is concern about the number of British sympathisers who are being
:13:13. > :13:20.targeted on social media sites, and urged to join the fighting.
:13:21. > :13:24.Just a short while ago I spoke to the US editor of the Economist
:13:25. > :13:28.magazine. I started by asking him if President Obama's pledge was really
:13:29. > :13:33.the minimum he could promise, considering public opinion towards
:13:34. > :13:38.Iraq in the United States. There is very little public support back in
:13:39. > :13:43.America for anything big. How little? About 10% in the latest
:13:44. > :13:48.poll, so that is not going to happen. What, I mean what America
:13:49. > :13:52.can do, what it has got is air power and that is useful up to a point.
:13:53. > :13:57.They can blow up anything they want to blow up. The difficulty is
:13:58. > :14:00.knowing what to blow up. A Jihadi looks the same as someone doing
:14:01. > :14:03.their shopping a lot of the time. They have been through that
:14:04. > :14:08.experience a few times as well. So what is the, if you like, what is
:14:09. > :14:14.the next trigger for Obama, to take the next step? Well, there is two
:14:15. > :14:20.things. Supposing there was a sustain assault on Baghdad, if you
:14:21. > :14:23.had columned of ISIS people the Americans would blow those up. But
:14:24. > :14:28.the thing is the ISIS people know that, so they are probably not going
:14:29. > :14:32.to do a frontal assault. The other thing, the conditions that Obama has
:14:33. > :14:36.placed on this, he said look, we are prepared to help you but, you have
:14:37. > :14:39.to ditch the Prime Minister. He hasn't said that directly, but he is
:14:40. > :14:42.saying we will want a new Prime Minister and people in the White
:14:43. > :14:46.House are openly briefing they want someone different running the
:14:47. > :14:49.country. Given that is the guy you are negotiating with, that is a
:14:50. > :14:54.difficult starting point. It is. It is not as if they have the leverage
:14:55. > :14:58.they of course once might have had. They haven't got 180,000 troops on
:14:59. > :15:03.the ground. One has to wonder how much influence they can have there.
:15:04. > :15:06.The other risk is, if they move towards air strikes, that is mission
:15:07. > :15:10.creep to a certain extent already isn't it, and as you pointed out,
:15:11. > :15:14.this is a man who wants to be seen as the one who extricated the United
:15:15. > :15:37.States from all these troubled fields abroad.
:15:38. > :15:42.That only really works as a strategy if you know what your end point is.
:15:43. > :15:48.At the moment there don't seem to be any good guys. They're ticktively
:15:49. > :15:54.allied with Iran who they don't like and with Maliki who's proven to be a
:15:55. > :15:58.terrible leader of Iraq. He is a President who is known for biding
:15:59. > :16:04.his time, for thinking things through. What do you think would be
:16:05. > :16:11.his inclination now? His strategy since the Americans left has been to
:16:12. > :16:15.solidify a Shia powerbase around himself, to ramp up ethnic
:16:16. > :16:18.divisions. He agreed before the Americans left that he was going to
:16:19. > :16:24.run an inclusive Government and include Sunnis but his first action
:16:25. > :16:33.after the Americans left was to fire his Sunni number two and then try to
:16:34. > :16:38.- well, he had him condemned to death in absentia. He has tried to
:16:39. > :16:43.subvert institutions of democracy the Americans tried so hard to build
:16:44. > :16:48.up. He is trying to put his placemen and people he has allowed to take
:16:49. > :16:52.bribes and that kind of thing inside all the institutions that matter,
:16:53. > :16:56.sacking competent people from the army, replacing them with Shia
:16:57. > :17:00.placed men. He has tried very much to undermine institutions and that
:17:01. > :17:08.will be difficult to undo even if you have a new Prime Minister.
:17:09. > :17:12.Stay with us here, still to come: A political scandal in Poland could
:17:13. > :17:15.mean snap elections within weeks. We report from war saw.
:17:16. > :17:22.-- Warsaw. The World Cup now
:17:23. > :17:24.and all the drama of day eight. And that means that England are
:17:25. > :17:28.now on the brink of elimination. Uruguay's star striker Luis Suarez
:17:29. > :17:31.scored twice. He was playing
:17:32. > :17:33.against a side with four Wayne Rooney scored
:17:34. > :17:37.England's only goal. Colombia have been delighting fans
:17:38. > :17:42.with their celebration dancing. They're through to the next round
:17:43. > :17:56.by beating Ivory Coast 2-1, Just imagine you have got dressed up
:17:57. > :18:01.for the party and you have to leave early. That was the possibility
:18:02. > :18:05.facing England. Lose, and barring extraordinary results elsewhere, you
:18:06. > :18:13.are heading home. It's a big game for England. We need to win. We hope
:18:14. > :18:18.to win. 2-1 would be good. And if England were going to win they would
:18:19. > :18:23.have to deal with this man, controversial, not 100% fit, but
:18:24. > :18:27.very, very special. Who else was going to score first, a perfectly
:18:28. > :18:30.placed header giving Uruguay a half-time lead. England have decent
:18:31. > :18:35.players of their own. In the second half Wayne Rooney made it 1-1 with
:18:36. > :18:42.his first ever goal at a World Cup finals. But then Suarez again. His
:18:43. > :18:49.anticipation, his pace, his power breaking English hearts. In the
:18:50. > :18:56.earlier match in Group C Colombia took on the Ivory Coast. Half the
:18:57. > :19:05.fun is watching them celebrate and they didn't disappoint. It was more
:19:06. > :19:11.mundane at 2-0. Ivory Coast got one back but Colombia held on for the
:19:12. > :19:23.win. Thursday's last match was Japan in a goalless draw with Greece. Not
:19:24. > :19:28.every game can be a thriller. You are watching BBC World News. The
:19:29. > :19:32.latest headlines: More than 50 million people were classed as
:19:33. > :19:37.refugees or internally displaced people last year, according to the
:19:38. > :19:40.UN. It's the highest figure since the Second World War.
:19:41. > :19:42.The President of Ukraine is due to publish a peace plan to end fighting
:19:43. > :19:48.in the east of the country. The head of the company at the heart
:19:49. > :19:51.of the South Korea ferry disaster has appeared at a preliminary court
:19:52. > :19:54.hearing with four of his managers. They're charged with professional
:19:55. > :19:56.negligence and violation of ship safety, following
:19:57. > :19:58.the deaths of more than 300 people Our reporter in Seoul
:19:59. > :20:12.Kevin Kim has more. Two months ago the ferry's company
:20:13. > :20:17.chief apologised in front of cameras, overcome in tears, but at
:20:18. > :20:21.his first court appearance he seemed less apologetic, faced with charges
:20:22. > :20:26.of professional negligence and violation of ship safety. Through a
:20:27. > :20:31.lawyer MrKim said as the company head he felt the overall
:20:32. > :20:35.responsibility for the tragedy, but rejected charges that the
:20:36. > :20:40.redesigning of the ship or overloading of cargo was the direct
:20:41. > :20:46.cause of the accident. Instead, the company believed it was the crewmen
:20:47. > :20:49.at fault and their inability to evacuate passengers ineffectively
:20:50. > :20:55.that took so many lives. Recovery efforts are continuing to find the
:20:56. > :20:58.bodies of 12 passengers who are still missing and crucial details of
:20:59. > :21:05.the cause of the accident are expected to emerge when the hull
:21:06. > :21:09.gets lifted out of the water. It's believed on the day the vessel was
:21:10. > :21:13.carrying cargo far greater than the ship's capacity and the focus of the
:21:14. > :21:17.investigation has been trying to reveal whether any of the shipping
:21:18. > :21:23.containers came loose in a sudden turn causing the ferry to capsize.
:21:24. > :21:27.In relation to the ferry accident scores of indictments have been
:21:28. > :21:31.filed by the prosecution and different trials have been grouped
:21:32. > :21:36.together based on the category of charges. A separate trial has
:21:37. > :21:41.already begun for the captain and 14 other crew members charged with
:21:42. > :21:43.failing to help passengers and the main deliberations are scheduled to
:21:44. > :21:48.start next week. For years, Japan has stood alone
:21:49. > :21:51.as the only country in the OECD that doesn't ban possession
:21:52. > :21:53.of images of child abuse. Now, parliament has finally voted
:21:54. > :21:55.to outlaw child pornography. But the new ban doesn't extend to
:21:56. > :21:58.animations or video games which means that material which would be
:21:59. > :22:01.outlawed in many other countries is Our correspondent Rupert
:22:02. > :22:23.Wingfield-Hayes reports from Tokyo. In this neighbourhood in Tokyo there
:22:24. > :22:29.are lots of shops that specialise in selling a artform, graphic novels or
:22:30. > :22:34.animated story books that are directed at adults. It is very, very
:22:35. > :22:42.popular in Japan and there are dozens of different genres. Those
:22:43. > :22:51.include pornography and child porn. I am going to go in here and see
:22:52. > :22:56.what I can find. Inside here is a huge variety openly
:22:57. > :22:58.on display, including stuff like this.
:22:59. > :23:02.Now you can see from the outside cover this is clearly a child. I am
:23:03. > :23:08.obviously not going to show you what is inside but I can tell you it
:23:09. > :23:11.depicts multiple scenes of the child character being raped. Material like
:23:12. > :23:14.this would be illegal in many countries, including the United
:23:15. > :23:22.States and Britain, it's not illegal here and it's going to remain legal,
:23:23. > :23:26.despite this new legislation. As are video games and cartoons depicting
:23:27. > :23:30.this. The argument made here in Japan is that there are no victims,
:23:31. > :23:35.real human victims of this sort of material and it is a matter of free
:23:36. > :23:40.speech. But it's also clearly about money. The industry is huge in Japan
:23:41. > :23:41.and the publishers don't want any restrictions on what they can
:23:42. > :23:49.publish. A political crisis has erupted
:23:50. > :23:51.in Poland after raids on a weekly magazine that published
:23:52. > :23:53.recordings of the Interior Minister and the head of the country's
:23:54. > :23:56.central bank discussing ways to help Adam Easton's report from Warsaw
:23:57. > :24:07.contains some flashing images. It's the most damaging scandal the
:24:08. > :24:12.Prime Minister has faced since he took office seven years ago. Private
:24:13. > :24:19.conversations between Government Ministers and senior officials were
:24:20. > :24:24.secretly recorded in a restaurant. In one a Minister and the head of
:24:25. > :24:30.the Central Bank discussed ways the bank could boost the economy to help
:24:31. > :24:35.the Government get re-elected next year. The bank is independent and
:24:36. > :24:40.not supposed to get involved in party politics. The scandal really
:24:41. > :24:48.erupted when security forces raided the magazine's offices to retrieve
:24:49. > :24:52.the tapes. Outraged journalists said the Government was trampling on free
:24:53. > :24:57.speech. The Prime Minister distanced himself from the event. He said
:24:58. > :25:04.prosecutors ordered the raid as part of their investigation into whether
:25:05. > :25:07.a crime was committed when the conversations were recorded. I
:25:08. > :25:10.realise that eventually my Government and I will pay a
:25:11. > :25:15.political price for these latest events, rather than the prosecutor's
:25:16. > :25:19.office. I don't rule out that the future political judgment of voters
:25:20. > :25:27.will be severe, it may even happen that the only solution will be early
:25:28. > :25:38.elections. The elections were scheduled for autumn next year. He
:25:39. > :25:43.is the first Prime Minister to win re-election since 1989. He is hoping
:25:44. > :25:50.to make it a hat trick of victories. This scandal has damaged his chances
:25:51. > :25:55.of success. Why would you want to blow the top
:25:56. > :25:59.off a mountain? It's to install a massive telescope large enough to
:26:00. > :26:03.give us a chance of seeing the first stars ever created. More than a
:26:04. > :26:08.million tonnes of rock has been blasted away from the summit of a
:26:09. > :26:19.mountain in Chile to level a site for what would be the world's
:26:20. > :26:20.largest telescope. When it's built the telescope will be able to look
:26:21. > 1:39:00further into space than ever before. the telescope will be able to look
1:39:01 > 1:39:00Our top story: The human cost of war and persecution, 50 million people
1:39:01 > 1:39:00are now thought to be displaced. These are new figures being provided
1:39:01 > 1:39:00by the United Nations refugee agency. The country with the most
1:39:01 > 1:39:00refugees is marked as Pakistan. An increase of six million on the year
1:39:01 > 1:39:00before. Civilians fleeing combat areas in North Waristan, in
1:39:01 > 1:39:01particular. Thank you for watching