04/08/2014

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:00:00. > :00:12.World representatives remember and reflect, 100 years

:00:13. > :00:20.after Germany invaded Belgium and Britain entered World War One.

:00:21. > :00:21.These are the live pictures from a ceremony

:00:22. > :00:35.Among the very first victims were the people of Belgium, whose

:00:36. > :00:36.resistance was as gallant as their suffering was great.

:00:37. > :00:43.Funerals take place in Gaza, during a unilateral, partial pause

:00:44. > :00:51.The truce comes a day after an Israeli strike on a UN refuge

:00:52. > :01:00.killed ten Palestinians, sparking United Nations condemnation.

:01:01. > :01:02.And why a mystical branch of Islam is under threat

:01:03. > :01:23.from extremists - and how its followers have pledged to save it.

:01:24. > :01:27.It's 100 years to the day since a conflict

:01:28. > :01:31.in the Balkans became a global war that was to last four years.

:01:32. > :01:34.On 4th August 1914 Germany invaded neutral Belgium and Britain

:01:35. > :01:42.Commemorative events are being held to mark the anniversary

:01:43. > :01:46.of the war which left almost 17 million people dead.

:01:47. > :01:49.One of the main ceremonies at the Cointe memorial in Liege in

:01:50. > :01:53.Germany's President and Britain's Duke of Cambridge were among

:01:54. > :01:59.Before they made their remarks, King Philippe of Belgium recalled

:02:00. > :02:03.He said it was important to remember not just the losses of

:02:04. > :02:15.The war brought the people of different countries together

:02:16. > :02:25.We may be commemorating that suffering today, but we are also

:02:26. > :02:30.remembering the distance that has been covered since then.

:02:31. > :02:32.This commemoration is of vital importance for building

:02:33. > :02:46.TRANSLATION: Ladies and gentlemen, those were bitter and very horrible

:02:47. > :02:52.lessons that we had to learn as a result of the two world wars. We

:02:53. > :02:59.should not only demonstrate without words, but also through our everyday

:03:00. > :03:07.activities and actions that we have learned our lessons. The peace that

:03:08. > :03:11.we enjoy here together as allies and partners does not simply mean no

:03:12. > :03:16.more bloodshed. It means something deeper than that. The fact that the

:03:17. > :03:23.presidents of Germany and Austria are here today, and that other

:03:24. > :03:31.nations, then enemies, I hear too bears testimony to the power of

:03:32. > :03:37.reconciliation. -- are here. Not only is war between us unthinkable

:03:38. > :03:42.that we have spread and entrenched democracy the three generations

:03:43. > :03:49.across Europe and promoted our shared values around the world. We

:03:50. > :03:53.were enemies more than once in the last century and today we are

:03:54. > :03:59.friends and allies. We salute those who died to give us our freedom. We

:04:00. > :04:02.will remember them. Prince William speaking about one hour ago in

:04:03. > :04:13.Liege. Another ceremony is taking place at the St Symphorien Memorial

:04:14. > :04:22.Cemetery. What do we expect to see in Mons? It was due to start at

:04:23. > :04:26.8:30pm local time. Edner Cherry from around the world attending this

:04:27. > :04:33.including Prince Harry and David Cameron. There are VIPs as well as

:04:34. > :04:44.family members of those who lost their lives on the 21st of August in

:04:45. > :04:49.that year. A combination of German and Commonwealth soldiers buried

:04:50. > :04:54.just a few metres apart from each other. The theme tonight very much

:04:55. > :05:02.one of reconciliation remembering the millions of people, 9.5 million

:05:03. > :05:08.soldiers who lost their lives and the people who were badly wounded in

:05:09. > :05:15.that war. They will be readings and speeches but the theme is very much

:05:16. > :05:23.reconciliation. This is a beautiful cemetery just outside Mons. Looking

:05:24. > :05:25.around here the immaculate parkland, immaculately kept

:05:26. > :05:31.tombstones, why is this such an important place? As you pointed out

:05:32. > :05:35.this is the cemetery where we had our first and last casualties of the

:05:36. > :05:40.First World War, we had the first Victoria Cross here and

:05:41. > :05:43.reconciliation as friend and foe were buried together in cemeteries

:05:44. > :05:51.throughout France and Flanders, this is an important cemetery of where it

:05:52. > :05:55.started and finished. It encapsulates, in a way, the futility

:05:56. > :06:00.of war. This is worth one of the first battles of the First World War

:06:01. > :06:06.was fought and they had to retreat to Paris and then they came back and

:06:07. > :06:12.there was another British casualty there. We visit battle sites here in

:06:13. > :06:15.pilgrimages to see exactly those sites of action and the enormous

:06:16. > :06:20.cost to all nations, but particularly to our own nation. We

:06:21. > :06:22.were talking only about the collective memory that exists in

:06:23. > :06:27.Belgium about what happened, even though there are no veterans left

:06:28. > :06:30.from the great War. Do you get a sense there are new generation is

:06:31. > :06:35.coming through remembering the great War and there is still a real

:06:36. > :06:37.interest in what happened? Indeed. Through our school programmes we

:06:38. > :06:44.have many pilgrimages coming from our schools. If you went there on

:06:45. > :06:49.any night during the week there are hundreds of people. A few years ago

:06:50. > :06:53.they would have been nine or ten of us there. On a windy night may be

:06:54. > :06:56.just the buglers and one or two. But now every evening throughout the

:06:57. > :07:04.year thousands of people come just to remember. You are based over here

:07:05. > :07:08.in the Somme, down on the Somme. The actual maintaining of these war

:07:09. > :07:14.cemeteries, is that something that is guaranteed for ever. Is there a

:07:15. > :07:21.fund and other finances to keep them in this pristine condition? These

:07:22. > :07:28.are the works of the Commonwealth commission. They committed a

:07:29. > :07:31.significant amount of money and this is the debt of honour in perpetuity

:07:32. > :07:35.that we owe to our fallen and that is greatly done by the Commonwealth

:07:36. > :07:38.War Graves commission and each Commonwealth country pays

:07:39. > :07:45.proportionally into that fund each year. Thank you very much indeed. We

:07:46. > :07:49.will be broadcasting here throughout the afternoon and this evening from

:07:50. > :07:53.a special ceremony that will last just over an hour beginning at

:07:54. > :07:58.8:30pm. We will take in the speeches. As the world leaders and

:07:59. > :08:02.VIPs leave they will light hurricane lamps and leave them at the big

:08:03. > :08:07.obelisk in this cemetery here as a sort of moving, flaming tribute to

:08:08. > :08:12.all of those millions of soldiers who lost their lives. Thank you for

:08:13. > :08:18.joining us. Back to you of course Thurau the day.

:08:19. > :08:21.With me is historian Lynelle Howson from the Commonwealth War

:08:22. > :08:26.There has been a ceremony on the back of the Commonwealth Games

:08:27. > :08:31.because it is important to remember that people died from many nations

:08:32. > :08:34.and continents. Indeed it is and it is very fitting for the British that

:08:35. > :08:39.our first ceremony should take place in Britain, but very specifically to

:08:40. > :08:42.look at the service and sacrifice of all of the members of our

:08:43. > :08:47.Commonwealth. Anthony people lost their lives? I know that many in

:08:48. > :08:52.India from the Punjab lost their lives. This is a very big war. It is

:08:53. > :08:58.very hard to express in simple words and numbers. -- how many people. I

:08:59. > :09:03.would say for the British and Empire we are looking at about 9 million

:09:04. > :09:08.lost in the First World War. The range of countries involved? It

:09:09. > :09:12.ranged from every corner of the world, from China, from Singapore,

:09:13. > :09:17.from undivided India, all of those nations that are separate today,

:09:18. > :09:22.from many countries in Africa like Nigeria, Kenya and South Africa. Is

:09:23. > :09:26.there a sense when you speak to the families involved that those

:09:27. > :09:31.soldiers understood what they were getting into? There are almost as

:09:32. > :09:35.many answers as there are people. For many of these people from

:09:36. > :09:39.Commonwealth countries they may not have had literacy to write to their

:09:40. > :09:43.families and they may not have had the ability to leave those sorts of

:09:44. > :09:46.records that we can then interpret now 100 years later. But there were

:09:47. > :09:50.many who did it for idealistic reasons and many who did it for

:09:51. > :09:55.pragmatic and practical reasons. It is different from person to person.

:09:56. > :09:58.We are seeing those scenes in Glasgow of Prince Charles in the

:09:59. > :10:02.procession in the church. Of course, there has been a raging debate

:10:03. > :10:07.historically for a long time about the question of the futility of the

:10:08. > :10:11.war, was this a wasted war because so many people died, many people say

:10:12. > :10:16.needlessly when you look at the divisions in the Middle East and

:10:17. > :10:20.what happened the Second World War, is that all was going to be there,

:10:21. > :10:25.do you think? I think you have made a good point by connecting it to the

:10:26. > :10:29.Second World War. Futility is very much a judgement of hindsight will

:10:30. > :10:32.stop it is quite unfair to use hindsight when you judge people in

:10:33. > :10:36.the past because they didn't know what the outcome of the war was

:10:37. > :10:40.going to be. They only knew that they had to try and make it. There

:10:41. > :10:44.are ways in which the ideals which were hoped for when not reached but

:10:45. > :10:48.they didn't know that at the time. Does that mean the effort they put

:10:49. > :10:52.in was futile? Does that devalue the service and sacrifice of the people

:10:53. > :10:56.that we should be commemorating? We are just seeing the King of Belgium

:10:57. > :11:03.in Liege just about an hour ago standing in front of one great

:11:04. > :11:08.wreath. Why is it just one wreath? They have chosen symbolically to use

:11:09. > :11:11.only one wreath as a sign of Europe's togetherness at this point

:11:12. > :11:14.of commemoration, instead of the separateness that was the story

:11:15. > :11:18.before and during the war. Lynelle Howson, many thanks. You will be

:11:19. > :11:23.with us throughout the day that we will leave it there for now. We

:11:24. > :11:24.return to Gaza where of course it has been a very difficult few days

:11:25. > :11:29.and weeks. In Gaza,

:11:30. > :11:31.a seven-hour pause in Israel's military operation is now underway,

:11:32. > :11:34.but only in parts of the territory. There are reports that a child died

:11:35. > :11:37.in an Israeli air strike in Gaza City minutes after the lull

:11:38. > :11:39.in hostilities came into effect. The pause doesn't apply to

:11:40. > :11:42.the southern town of Rafah where Nor is it recognised by Hamas have

:11:43. > :11:47.accused Israel of trying to divert attention away from asking what

:11:48. > :11:50.they call "Israeli massacres". I spoke earlier to the BBC's Martin

:11:51. > :11:53.Patience who's in Gaza and I began by asking Martin about

:11:54. > :12:04.the latest incident in Gaza city. I heard the explosion and it

:12:05. > :12:10.happened minutes after this cease-fire went into effect. The BBC

:12:11. > :12:13.team has been down to the scene and a house has been destroyed.

:12:14. > :12:16.Palestinians there say it was carried out by an Israeli air

:12:17. > :12:20.strike. At least one person has been killed and we understand 12 others

:12:21. > :12:25.are injured. Just to be clear, this happened in a part of the Gaza Strip

:12:26. > :12:31.where the cease-fire was supposed to be effective. We are waiting for

:12:32. > :12:35.word from the Israeli military. But this is a serious incident here in

:12:36. > :12:39.the Gaza Strip, which was supposed to be safe during this seven hour

:12:40. > :12:47.lull in the fighting. It is yet another allegation by the

:12:48. > :12:52.Palestinians that they do not trust Israel on the cease-fires that they

:12:53. > :12:57.announce and they don't believe any part of Gaza is safe. Bethany Bell

:12:58. > :13:05.injuries alone, there are reports that Israel is scaling back some of

:13:06. > :13:10.its military activity. Well, we have heard from the Israeli army that it

:13:11. > :13:14.is redeploying some of its troops. We understand there is a pull-back

:13:15. > :13:20.towards the Gaza border area in certain parts of the Gaza Strip.

:13:21. > :13:25.Although, crucially not down south around Rafah. The operations, the

:13:26. > :13:29.Army say, are continuing down there. But there is some speculation here

:13:30. > :13:35.that Israel may be considering some type of unilateral withdrawal from

:13:36. > :13:41.Gaza without an agreed negotiated cease-fire with Hamas. But I think

:13:42. > :13:46.there is little sign that people are expecting the fighting to end soon.

:13:47. > :13:51.The Israeli army said it will respond to rocket fire from Gaza.

:13:52. > :13:56.There have been at least ten rockets fired from Gaza into Israel today.

:13:57. > :14:02.And there may also be more cross-border tunnels the Army has

:14:03. > :14:07.not identified yet. It said that it destroyed most of those that it has

:14:08. > :14:11.identified but it is likely that intelligence will be trying to scour

:14:12. > :14:16.the area along the border to see you there are more of them. Martin

:14:17. > :14:19.Patience in Gaza, when Israel says it is pausing for humanitarian

:14:20. > :14:24.purposes and then we see a strike like this after the strike over the

:14:25. > :14:30.weekend, obviously it is going to add to the criticism of Israel. But

:14:31. > :14:34.also, is this a humanitarian pause, or does it fit in any case with what

:14:35. > :14:43.Israel's strategy on the ground in Gaza is? What we are seeing on the

:14:44. > :14:46.ground is people are being told they cannot go back to their

:14:47. > :14:51.neighbourhoods because they have been heavily bombed. Israel says

:14:52. > :14:57.they will be used by Palestinian militants to fire out rockets.

:14:58. > :15:00.People don't want to go back because they fear they will face Israeli

:15:01. > :15:07.shelling. I think what we have to remember is the reason is Israeli

:15:08. > :15:10.soldiers were in Gaza was to destroy the tunnels which had been dug by

:15:11. > :15:19.Hamas to launch attacks inside Israel. That has been finished, so

:15:20. > :15:23.there is no reason for the soldiers to remain inside the territory. We

:15:24. > :15:30.asked Dean signs, particularly in the north and central Gaza, that

:15:31. > :15:39.Israeli troops have pushed out. But they are still on the ground in

:15:40. > :15:44.southern Rafah. That is where it is believed an Israeli soldier was

:15:45. > :15:51.kidnapped, now he has been killed in the fighting. There is activity down

:15:52. > :15:54.there. Elsewhere, across to the Israeli border, it does appear that

:15:55. > :16:00.many Israeli soldiers have left the territory.

:16:01. > :16:02.A rescue operation is underway in China

:16:03. > :16:05.after a strong earthquake struck a remote area of Yunnan province,

:16:06. > :16:09.in the south west of the country, killing at least 400 people .

:16:10. > :16:11.President Xi Jinping has called for "all-out efforts" to find

:16:12. > :16:17.survivors as he dispatched thousands of troops to the disaster region.

:16:18. > :16:25.From Beijing, our correspondent Celia Hatton reports.

:16:26. > :16:32.A massive rescue operation is swinging into place. But emergency

:16:33. > :16:36.crews are struggling to reach thousands who need help. Landslides

:16:37. > :16:43.are blocking the only roads leading to the epicentre and unrelenting

:16:44. > :16:47.rain is making the situation worse. This region is used to regular

:16:48. > :16:52.tremors, but this earthquake was different, the local say. Brick

:16:53. > :16:56.homes that had stood the decades were destroyed. Rescuers and

:16:57. > :17:00.survivors are digging through piles of rubble to find the missing and

:17:01. > :17:07.the dead. The local hospitals are overwhelmed.

:17:08. > :17:10.TRANSLATION: all the houses had already collapsed. Their bodies were

:17:11. > :17:14.everywhere and there were a lot of injured people.

:17:15. > :17:19.Medical teams are asking for emergency blood donations. The

:17:20. > :17:24.government is calling for healthy volunteers, anyone to hand out

:17:25. > :17:28.supplies and help crews discover the final death toll.

:17:29. > :17:32.Stay with us on BBC World News, still to come:

:17:33. > :17:36.Why a mystical branch of Islam is under threat from

:17:37. > :17:40.extremists and how its followers from extremists and how its

:17:41. > :17:48.Rescue workers in northern Italy say four people were killed

:17:49. > :17:52.were swept away by a flash flood during a village festival. Eight

:17:53. > :17:56.The torrent of mud and water, caused by a ten-minute thunderstorm

:17:57. > :17:59.inundated streets in Refrontolo, north of Venice.

:18:00. > :18:12.A desperate search for survivors. The aftermath of a flash flood so

:18:13. > :18:22.powerful, it picked up cars like this one and hurled them down the

:18:23. > :18:33.river. It swept over the banks of this rule by an old Mill house where

:18:34. > :18:34.a village festival was being held. Suddenly more than 100 people found

:18:35. > :18:36.themselves engulfed by a racing, raging torrent. Some managed to

:18:37. > :18:40.cling to trees but others were swept to their deaths. All that is left of

:18:41. > :18:49.the tents but up to how's the festival.

:18:50. > :18:53.TRANSLATION: I was here last night and I left in our V4 the water. I

:18:54. > :18:59.had set up an exhibition that should have been inaugurated today. I have

:19:00. > :19:06.never seen such a thing in the 50 years since I have been here.

:19:07. > :19:10.This was a flood capable of ripping out big trees and piling them on a

:19:11. > :19:14.bridge, high above the normal water level. In its wake, it left the sea

:19:15. > :19:21.of mud which became the scene of a major rescue effort amid the chaos.

:19:22. > :19:21.In the matter of a few moments, this normally peaceful setting had become

:19:22. > :19:28.a place of terror and sudden death. In the US, wildfires have been

:19:29. > :19:31.raging on the west coast. In California a number of homes have

:19:32. > :19:35.been destroyed and hundreds of others are threatened by the fires.

:19:36. > :19:36.In Washington state 300 homes have been destroyed in a fire that has

:19:37. > :19:40.been burning for nearly three weeks. High temperatures and severe drought

:19:41. > :19:42.conditions have made for a Representatives from 50 countries

:19:43. > :19:56.have been attending commemorations in Belgium, 100 years after Germany

:19:57. > :19:58.invaded the country and Britain A unilateral pause in Israel's

:19:59. > :20:07.military operation is under way But there are already reports

:20:08. > :20:14.of breaches. A British Royal Navy ship helping to

:20:15. > :20:17.evacuate foreign nationals caught up in the fighting

:20:18. > :20:21.in Libya has arrived in Malta. Most of those on board HMS

:20:22. > :20:24.Enterprise are British citizens; More than 200 people have died

:20:25. > :20:30.in violence between rival militia groups

:20:31. > :20:45.in Libya over the past two weeks. Foreign nationals are leaving in

:20:46. > :20:51.droves, worried Libya is going up in flames. In Tripoli, smoke like this

:20:52. > :20:55.is a familiar part of the skyline. At least eight oil depots have been

:20:56. > :21:00.set on fire I rebel forces who are battling for control for the

:21:01. > :21:05.International Airport. At least 20 people died at the weekend bringing

:21:06. > :21:09.the total number of people killed here and in Benghazi over the last

:21:10. > :21:15.two weeks to over 200. The escalating violence is too much. On

:21:16. > :21:22.Saturday Greek naval ship evacuated around 180 people, most from Greece

:21:23. > :21:27.and China. Then the UK Government said the HMS enterprise to Tripoli.

:21:28. > :21:32.It has taken 110 people to Malta. Most of them British. It was not

:21:33. > :21:37.seen as a rescue mission, there are still some commercial flights

:21:38. > :21:41.available. But now the operation is complete, the British embassy will

:21:42. > :21:42.close its doors. It will be one of the last Western embassies to leave.

:21:43. > :21:57.The British ambassador tweeted: But for some, it must be hard to

:21:58. > :22:02.hang onto any hope the descent into chaos can be stopped. Libya is

:22:03. > :22:06.seeing its worst violence since Colonel Gaddafi was ousted in 2011

:22:07. > :22:11.and now it is up to these men and women to do something about it. They

:22:12. > :22:15.make up the newly elected parliament which met for the first time on

:22:16. > :22:20.Saturday. It needs to do what the previous government could not, find

:22:21. > :22:25.a way to gain control of a country which is overrun by heavily armed

:22:26. > :22:30.rival militias. With no effective army, it must be a daunting task as

:22:31. > :22:36.politicians, firefighters and police do what they can to tackle this

:22:37. > :22:38.country's burgeoning problems. Thousands head in the opposite

:22:39. > :22:46.direction getting as far as they can away from Libya's burning skies.

:22:47. > :22:50.Fighters from the militant group ISIS have taken control of two Iraqi

:22:51. > :22:53.towns, an oil field and the main dam near the city of Mosul.

:22:54. > :22:57.The black flags of ISIS have been seen flying over Zumar and nearby

:22:58. > :23:00.Sinjar where the UN said a humanitarian tragedy was unfolding.

:23:01. > :23:03.Thousands of people have been fleeing

:23:04. > :23:08.the violence and crossing into the autonomous Kurdistan region.

:23:09. > :23:11.And at least one person has been killed after a river in north

:23:12. > :23:16.of people following weeks of torrential rain. The government says

:23:17. > :23:28.the situation remains critical with two dams overflowing.

:23:29. > :23:30.For centuries the Indian subcontinent was a place where

:23:31. > :23:32.the mystical Islamic concept of Sufism thrived.

:23:33. > :23:36.Its adherents are known as Sufis and the concept still has millions

:23:37. > :23:39.But with the spread of a more hardline type of Islam

:23:40. > :23:44.Our correspondent, Kim Ghattas has travelled to Bhit Shah, a small

:23:45. > :24:02.They come at dusk, eating their drums and praising their saint.

:24:03. > :24:06.Swirling and chanting, they are hoping to achieve a trance that will

:24:07. > :24:14.bring them closer to God. Families have travelled hours, if not days to

:24:15. > :24:21.pray at the shrine of the Saint, the saint. Men and women coming together

:24:22. > :24:27.to dance and play music with passion and read them in a place of worship.

:24:28. > :24:36.These are scenes unthinkable in most of Pakistan to date, except at Sufis

:24:37. > :24:43.shrines like this. But the Taliban are furious, the shrines and the

:24:44. > :24:51.devotion to Saints are heresy, they say and Sufis are coming under

:24:52. > :24:56.attack. This man is the 12th descendant of the saint. His car was

:24:57. > :25:00.fired up recently but he escaped unscathed. Security has been

:25:01. > :25:06.increased after the shrine received threats. I am worried, but I am not

:25:07. > :25:15.hopeless. I believe sufism has two stay for ever. There is no way

:25:16. > :25:22.terrorism could stand in the way of sufism. Sufis believe their

:25:23. > :25:29.practices of the purist form of communicating with God. But the

:25:30. > :25:35.pushback against sufism is ideological also. In an madras are

:25:36. > :25:35.just a few hours away in Karachi, they spend hours memorising the

:25:36. > :25:41.Koran. This is a purist they spend hours memorising the

:25:42. > :25:46.brand of Islam and is being taught at thousands of religious seminaries

:25:47. > :25:54.across the country, many inspired by Saudi Arabia.

:25:55. > :26:00.TRANSLATION: we reject sufism. We also reject violence. We are the

:26:01. > :26:08.ones teaching true Islam. But Sufis feel vulnerable and the barriers

:26:09. > :26:14.have come up. In Karachi, this lady says it is a cultural war. When you

:26:15. > :26:22.come from outside and come into a culture that is is accepting and

:26:23. > :26:27.welcoming as Sufis culture is and you start telling them your way of

:26:28. > :26:32.life is wrong, it is sinful and you should be punished, not just in the

:26:33. > :26:36.next world, but in this one by girls for Pratt to sing your culture and

:26:37. > :26:42.your traditions. I see that as psychological violence. At the

:26:43. > :26:48.shrine, the celebrations continue, the devotees keep coming undaunted

:26:49. > :26:52.for now. The Taliban might have their guns, one of them told me, but

:26:53. > :26:59.we have truth and are drums. That is it from others, we up back

:27:00. > :27:02.tomorrow and we hope you can join as then. Thanks for watching.