:00:14. > :00:19.world News. New evidence of human rights abuses in eastern Ukraine.
:00:20. > :00:23.More than 3 million refugees from the war in Syria and almost half the
:00:24. > :00:30.people of the country have fled their homes according to the UN
:00:31. > :00:34.refugee end agency. People have exhausted their savings and their
:00:35. > :00:41.resources and have no other option but to find a way out. A country on
:00:42. > :00:46.the front line of Ebola, a special report on how Ivory Coast is
:00:47. > :00:53.struggling to control the output. And Brazilian police make arrests to
:00:54. > :01:06.smash a gang considered the biggest threat to deforestation in the
:01:07. > :01:12.Amazon. Hello, pro-Russian separatists in
:01:13. > :01:17.eastern Ukraine are detaining and torturing civilians according to
:01:18. > :01:22.Human Rights Watch. The group also accuses them of targeting critics,
:01:23. > :01:28.journalists, political activists and their family members. The report has
:01:29. > :01:35.been released just as the West raises its accusations of Russia's
:01:36. > :01:39.direct involvement in the conflict. Ukraine's conflict has seen
:01:40. > :01:44.escalations before, but it may now be entering a critical phase.
:01:45. > :01:48.Pro-Russian rebels have launched a counterattack and pushed that
:01:49. > :01:56.Government forces. Key towns have fallen, including Novoazovsk along
:01:57. > :02:01.Ukraine's southern coast. But Kiev and Western officials say this time
:02:02. > :02:05.there is a key difference. Kremlin forces are spearheading the attack.
:02:06. > :02:10.Moscow denies its troops are there, but NATO says these satellite images
:02:11. > :02:15.show Russian positions inside Ukraine. They say at least 1000
:02:16. > :02:22.Russian service men are fighting and using the latest military equipment.
:02:23. > :02:27.Over the past two weeks we have noticed the significant escalation
:02:28. > :02:32.in both the level and sophistication of Russia's military interference in
:02:33. > :02:38.Ukraine. These latest images provide concrete examples of Russian
:02:39. > :02:42.activity inside Ukraine, but they are only the tip of the iceberg in
:02:43. > :02:49.terms of the overall scope of Russian troops and weapons
:02:50. > :02:55.movements. Western experts say this T 72 BM tank is available only to
:02:56. > :03:01.the Russian army, supporting claims of Moscow's involvement. Alarm in
:03:02. > :03:04.the international community is growing. At the United Nations
:03:05. > :03:13.Security Council a chorus of concern and criticism. Russia said it was
:03:14. > :03:16.not involved in the conflict. Russia has deliberately and repeatedly
:03:17. > :03:21.violated the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Ukraine.
:03:22. > :03:27.Images of Russian forces inside Ukraine make that plane for the
:03:28. > :03:33.world to see. EU and US leaders are speaking of even deeper sanctions
:03:34. > :03:37.against Moscow. But so far those already in place have failed to stop
:03:38. > :03:41.the conflict and with the Kremlin defiant many are asking not
:03:42. > :03:49.wearing, but where the fighting will end.
:03:50. > :03:54.While Western leaders pondered their response to the presence of
:03:55. > :03:56.Russia's military in eastern Ukraine Human Rights Watch has just
:03:57. > :04:03.published evidence that human rights abuses in the region controlled by
:04:04. > :04:10.pro-repetition -- pro-separatist supporters. They arbitrarily
:04:11. > :04:16.detained hundreds of civilians, journalists, pro-Ukrainian activists
:04:17. > :04:21.and snoring orthodox religious leaders. The report mentions several
:04:22. > :04:27.locations for torture, including this building filmed by the BBC last
:04:28. > :04:32.month. It is said here civilians were beaten, kicked, stabbed, burned
:04:33. > :04:37.with cigarettes and subjected to mock executions. It also says this
:04:38. > :04:43.is a half destroyed list of detainees found after insurgents
:04:44. > :04:50.left Sloviansk last month with names of those who had been taken. It says
:04:51. > :04:54.it also has evidence of extrajudicial executions. This was a
:04:55. > :04:58.mass grave where people were found after they had been abducted
:04:59. > :05:01.mass grave where people were found Protestant church service. I asked
:05:02. > :05:06.if there was a particular Protestant church service. I asked
:05:07. > :05:10.being targeted Protestant church service. I asked
:05:11. > :05:14.It is those people who are deemed to be critics of the self acclaimed
:05:15. > :05:19.authorities in eastern Ukraine and those critics are activists,
:05:20. > :05:24.journalists and religious activists in particular who are not Russian
:05:25. > :05:28.Orthodox and who are being perceived as disapproving of the
:05:29. > :05:35.self-proclaimed authorities. It is as simple as that. But there are
:05:36. > :05:42.other people who are not really activists, but who at the same time
:05:43. > :05:48.voiced a critical opinion on social media, we documented cases like
:05:49. > :05:53.that. Or people who their neighbours reported as a sympathiser for
:05:54. > :05:59.Ukraine. That is enough for insurgents to come and get them and
:06:00. > :06:04.to torture them, actually, and to use them as hostages. When they are
:06:05. > :06:10.talking about torture one would have to flag up that most of the people
:06:11. > :06:16.we interviewed, and we interviewed dozens of former captives, they said
:06:17. > :06:24.that beatings and torture, usually occur on the first night was a first
:06:25. > :06:29.or second day. That is the roughest period of all. They also said to us
:06:30. > :06:35.that even though they were tortured during interrogations, the torturous
:06:36. > :06:43.were not really trying to get any information from them, but rather
:06:44. > :06:49.aimed at breaking there will and punishing them. Is there any
:06:50. > :06:56.evidence this is being carried out by Ukrainian soldiers as well?
:06:57. > :07:02.Well, indeed, we actually received some reports about Ukrainian
:07:03. > :07:09.forces, volunteer battalions in particular, holding people in
:07:10. > :07:14.incommunicado detention and treating the detainees with cruelty. There
:07:15. > :07:21.are other reports that we are going to investigate.
:07:22. > :07:25.Human Rights Watch in Moscow. The World Health Organisation has warned
:07:26. > :07:30.as many as 20,000 people could be infected with the Ebola and it says
:07:31. > :07:34.it needs almost half $1 billion to contain the virus. The outbreak was
:07:35. > :07:42.first reported in west Africa in March. According to the most recent
:07:43. > :07:46.figures more than 3000 cases have been reported, including more than
:07:47. > :07:51.1500 deaths from the virus in four countries. In Liberia alone more
:07:52. > :07:57.than 600 people have lost their lives to the disease. Our
:07:58. > :08:00.correspondent has been to the Liberia- Ivory Coast border where
:08:01. > :08:06.preparation is being made to prevent it spreading any further.
:08:07. > :08:09.An unnerving silence replaces the normally vibrant border. All
:08:10. > :08:14.official crossing points into Liberia and Guinea were closed at
:08:15. > :08:18.the weekends, the latest Government efforts to avoid Ebola. Tracks are
:08:19. > :08:23.already beginning to pile up on this side of the border. Authorities say
:08:24. > :08:28.health is more important than trade, but people have no idea when the
:08:29. > :08:32.Borders will reopen. People are suffering financially, but many are
:08:33. > :08:38.relieved the borders are closed. This family is on the other side and
:08:39. > :08:44.they can go back and she says it is difficult, but the fear of Ebola is
:08:45. > :08:49.worse. TRANSLATION: I am afraid of death because it is not a trick you
:08:50. > :08:55.can return from. We have been told not to eat bush meat, not to shake
:08:56. > :08:59.hands and not to have sex. Beyond these mountains lies Liberia were
:09:00. > :09:04.Ebola is out of control. To the east is Guinea and the poorest rainforest
:09:05. > :09:10.is all that separates the Ivory Coast from the two worst hit Ebola
:09:11. > :09:15.nations. This is one of five treatment centres in the region.
:09:16. > :09:20.Doctors are practising what to do if a suspected case arrives. Every
:09:21. > :09:25.detail is considered. TRANSLATION: We have done the maximum possible to
:09:26. > :09:30.be ready and vigilant to control the situation. As soon as any suspected
:09:31. > :09:37.case arrives, you can never be ready enough, but we are strong enough to
:09:38. > :09:43.fight the epidemic. The heat inside the suit is the biggest difficulty,
:09:44. > :09:48.he says. Two or three hours are the most anyone can last. Countries have
:09:49. > :09:52.been abused of abandoning the Ebola hit nations, closing borders and
:09:53. > :10:01.suspending flights, but Ivory Coast says it will do anything it can to
:10:02. > :10:06.fight Ebola. British scientists are trying to
:10:07. > :10:11.develop a possible vaccine for the Ebola outbreak. Human trials could
:10:12. > :10:15.begin in the next few weeks. Professor Adrian Hill from Oxford
:10:16. > :10:20.University is leading the team developing the drug and joins us now
:10:21. > :10:25.from Oxford. How long have you been working on this virus? Less than a
:10:26. > :10:29.month, so this has all happened incredibly quickly. That is you
:10:30. > :10:34.personally, but in terms of the other teams surely you cannot
:10:35. > :10:37.develop something that quickly? The good news is over the last ten years
:10:38. > :10:43.teams elsewhere in Italy and North America were doing preclinical
:10:44. > :10:47.studies, research tests on animals on a new vaccine candidate that
:10:48. > :10:54.looks quite promising in the tests, but it has never been given to a
:10:55. > :10:57.human being. Is it similar in its construction to the medicine that
:10:58. > :11:04.has been given to some people and would appear to have saved lives?
:11:05. > :11:09.No, it is quite different. That is a treatment and is given to patients
:11:10. > :11:13.that have the disease. We are working on a vaccine that would be
:11:14. > :11:17.given to people to stop them getting infected. It is fundamentally
:11:18. > :11:23.different. It is similar to other vaccines we have done a lot of
:11:24. > :11:26.clinical trials on in Oxford, particularly malaria. We are
:11:27. > :11:31.confident this type of vaccine will be saved. The trial with our
:11:32. > :11:35.planning in the next few weeks has three objectives. To confirm the
:11:36. > :11:40.vaccine is safe, to look at what immune response it produces to
:11:41. > :11:44.figure out if it will work, and thirdly to determine the best dose
:11:45. > :11:50.to give to people in West Africa in this outbreak. How many strains of
:11:51. > :11:55.Ebola I there? I read about two, but I there more than that and will that
:11:56. > :12:01.affect the trials? There are two major strains and this is the Zaire
:12:02. > :12:09.strain, even though big occurred in Guinea. The other one is 99%
:12:10. > :12:13.identical and that is what the vaccine has been made for, said it
:12:14. > :12:23.will be the Zaire strain we are testing, but we are confident it
:12:24. > :12:29.will work well in Guinea. How does it work? Does it create antibodies
:12:30. > :12:36.to stop the haemorrhagic fever? Give us a parallel. That is a good
:12:37. > :12:40.question. Firstly, it produces antibodies and the challenge is to
:12:41. > :12:45.get enough neutralising antibodies, ones that stop the virus getting
:12:46. > :12:53.into cells to be useful. The second way it works is by stimulating the
:12:54. > :12:56.immune system getting white blood cells that can target infected cells
:12:57. > :13:02.to kill the Ebola once it has got inside a cell. It induces both arms
:13:03. > :13:08.of the immune system very powerfully and that is new technology. Very
:13:09. > :13:15.briefly, you are confident this will have a good impact. How many doses
:13:16. > :13:21.can people take and how quickly can be administered? In the preclinical
:13:22. > :13:25.studies just one dose was required. We hope that is all we need in
:13:26. > :13:32.humans, but we cannot be sure of that. There is a back-up plan for a
:13:33. > :13:36.booster dose. Right now at the manufacturing facility there are
:13:37. > :13:40.about 10,000 doses being made. That would be quite useful in west Africa
:13:41. > :13:46.if we could have that ready by the end of the year. And that would be
:13:47. > :13:52.sold at cost? Is this an opportunity to make a lot of money? There will
:13:53. > :13:58.be no selling at all. This will be provided to the World Health
:13:59. > :14:02.Organisation for emergency use. Smith Glaxo Klein is participating
:14:03. > :14:08.in the manufacture, but this is not being sold at retail price. If it
:14:09. > :14:14.does not work, that will take you back to square one? We do not have
:14:15. > :14:18.too many vaccine options. We think this is the better option, but if
:14:19. > :14:25.neither works we will not have a vaccine in time for this outbreak.
:14:26. > :14:30.Thank you very much. To Syria and the United Nations
:14:31. > :14:34.Refugee Agency has released a report calling the situation the biggest
:14:35. > :14:38.humanitarian emergency of our era. The conflict started three and a
:14:39. > :14:42.half years ago, but the number of refugees now registered in
:14:43. > :14:48.neighbouring countries has reached 3 million, 1 million more than a year
:14:49. > :14:55.ago. But inside Syria there are another 6000 500 million displaced
:14:56. > :15:00.people. That means nearly half of the population are living away from
:15:01. > :15:08.their homes. Lebanon is one of the countries that have seen the largest
:15:09. > :15:14.influx of refugees. I asked a spokesman for the UNHCR how the
:15:15. > :15:20.agency was coping. Agencies and partners we work with our coping
:15:21. > :15:25.with difficulty to respond to the existing and growing needs for the
:15:26. > :15:30.Syrian refugees. The donor support has been very generous since the
:15:31. > :15:36.crisis started. We have had over $4.1 billion in funds, however we
:15:37. > :15:41.are $2 billion short until the end of the year to provide the basic
:15:42. > :15:49.assistance for the refugees who are here now and to continue to come
:15:50. > :15:59.into neighbouring countries. How is the local population reacting to
:16:00. > :16:05.this? In countries like Lebanon have shown exceptional hospitality and
:16:06. > :16:09.generosity. Lebanese homes are hosting up to 40 Lebanese, however
:16:10. > :16:12.this is the fourth year and at this stage of the conflict frustrations
:16:13. > :16:17.are growing between the two communities. The Syrians are
:16:18. > :16:22.frustrated. They want to go back home and the Lebanese population is
:16:23. > :16:26.starting to feel the strain of this crisis on a very small country with
:16:27. > :16:31.already a weak infrastructure. Turning to what is happening inside
:16:32. > :16:35.Syria itself, given the numbers of displaced people there, how
:16:36. > :16:42.concerned are you about their conditions? The situation is like
:16:43. > :16:46.Sir -- inside Syria is very difficult. It's difficult for the
:16:47. > :16:48.already 6.5 million people who are displaced inside. We are very
:16:49. > :16:53.concerned. Our teams on the ground are working in there, but at the
:16:54. > :16:56.moment I can tell you more about the situation in neighbouring countries,
:16:57. > :17:01.as I know more about that, but inside Syria we know there is a lot
:17:02. > :17:07.of concern for these 6.5 million people, who are displaced inside the
:17:08. > :17:10.cup. -- the country. Do you think the number of people trying to leave
:17:11. > :17:19.the country will increase over the next few months too? We have heard
:17:20. > :17:24.from refugees that leaving Syria is becoming increasingly difficult. We
:17:25. > :17:28.have heard accounts from refugees in Lebanon and Jordan about increases
:17:29. > :17:32.in checkpoints and people have to pay more bribes to get through the
:17:33. > :17:35.checkpoints. Conditions are getting more difficult for people to leave
:17:36. > :17:38.and we are hearing from people who are leaving that in fact leaving at
:17:39. > :17:44.this stage is really their last resort. Prices are going up inside
:17:45. > :17:50.Syria and people who have been displaced, multiple times, have
:17:51. > :17:59.exhausted their savings and have no other option but to find a way out.
:18:00. > :18:09.News still to come, running off with the crown - with a former Miss Asia
:18:10. > :18:14.Pacific Ocean was dethroned. Iceland's Met Office has raised the
:18:15. > :18:21.volcano alert to the highest level, red, after an eruption near the
:18:22. > :18:28.Bardarbunga. Scientists say the eruption started in a lava field
:18:29. > :18:37.north of the glacier. The rumblings have raised worries of an eruption
:18:38. > :18:51.that could disrupt air travel. We spoke to a geofizzivity earlier and
:18:52. > :18:59.-- geophysicist earlier on and we told me this. There is no ash in the
:19:00. > :19:03.air and not even in the vicinity, so it's mostly smoke out of the craters
:19:04. > :19:08.and the only flight restriction is over the area. All airports are
:19:09. > :19:12.opening and things are quiet and in control. Is the fear that
:19:13. > :19:19.significant quantities of ash could be released and then we could see a
:19:20. > :19:33.repeat of what happened several years ago? Not really. This event is
:19:34. > :19:45.from 30 days of activity under the glashier, so this is -- glazier, so
:19:46. > :19:52.this is not happening. What do you predict may happen over the next few
:19:53. > :19:59.weeks? The monitoring equipment is mostly GPS measurements and seismic,
:20:00. > :20:04.so we can - we have been tracing quite well and how it has been
:20:05. > :20:16.proceeding and still the activity is on-going, so we cannot rule out that
:20:17. > :20:22.the eruption will continue or grow. This is BBC world news. Our latest
:20:23. > :20:27.headline - Human Rights Watch publishes evidence of abuses in
:20:28. > :20:31.eastern Ukraine. Straight to Brussels, because the head of NATO,
:20:32. > :20:39.Anders Fogh Rasumssen is speaking about the crisis in Ukraine now. At
:20:40. > :20:45.the Wales summit next week we will meet the President to make clear
:20:46. > :20:54.NATO's unwaivering support for Ukraine. We condemn in the strongest
:20:55. > :21:02.terms Russia's continued disregard of its international obligations. We
:21:03. > :21:16.urge Russia to seize its illegal military actions, stop its support
:21:17. > :21:22.to armed separatists and take immediate action. With that I'm
:21:23. > :21:27.ready to take proper questions. REPORTER: The Prime Minister said
:21:28. > :21:30.this morning he wanted Ukraine to move toward NATO membership. I
:21:31. > :21:34.wanted to ask for your reaction to that, whether it came up today in
:21:35. > :21:43.the meeting and whether it will be discussed at the summit in Wales?
:21:44. > :21:55.First of all, let me stress that we fully respect Ukraine's decisions as
:21:56. > :22:00.regards Ukraine's security policy and alliance affiliations. This is a
:22:01. > :22:08.fundament principle that every each and every nation has a right to
:22:09. > :22:15.decide itself on security policies and affiliations. I'm not going to
:22:16. > :22:23.interfere with political decisions in Ukraine, but let me remind you of
:22:24. > :22:29.NATO's decision taken at the Bucharest summit in 20088, accord --
:22:30. > :22:36.2008, according to which Ukraine will become a member, provided that
:22:37. > :22:40.it so wishes and provided that they fulfil the necessary criteria. In
:22:41. > :22:44.it so wishes and provided that they the meantime, Ukraine has decided to
:22:45. > :22:55.pursue a so-called non-alliance policy. We fully respect that. We
:22:56. > :23:01.fully respect if the Ukrainian Parliament decides to change that
:23:02. > :23:07.policy, because we adhere to the principle that each and every nation
:23:08. > :23:13.has the right to decide its own without interference from outside
:23:14. > :23:19.and we hope that other nations adhere to the same principle.
:23:20. > :23:29.REPORTER: Was it discussed? It was not discussed in today's meeting.
:23:30. > :23:35.REPORTER: We right now are in a new situation, but I would like to
:23:36. > :23:44.repeat an old question, how can NATO really help or member country help
:23:45. > :23:52.the Ukrainians in this situation? At the summit in Wales next week we'll
:23:53. > :23:59.take decisions as to how we will enhance our co-operation with
:24:00. > :24:06.Ukraine. Amoth other initiatives -- among other initiatives, we are
:24:07. > :24:17.establishing four trust funds to finance concrete initiatives within
:24:18. > :24:27.four areas. Logistics, command and control, cyber defence and help to
:24:28. > :24:35.military personnel, including wounded personnel. I'm very pleased
:24:36. > :24:38.that already at today's meeting several allies announced concrete
:24:39. > :24:46.financial contributions to these trust funds. It was signalled that
:24:47. > :24:56.more announcements may come forward at the summit in Wales next week.
:24:57. > :25:04.The whole purpose of the trust funds is to finance activities that can
:25:05. > :25:08.assist Ukraine in reforming and mod eRpising dB modernising the --
:25:09. > :25:13.modernising the armed forces, with a view to making them stronger to
:25:14. > :25:18.defend Ukraine. Thank you very much. That's all we have time for this
:25:19. > :25:24.afternoon. That was Anders Fogh Rasumssen, the
:25:25. > :25:28.head of NATO. He was talking especially about that request or
:25:29. > :25:32.that statement from the Ukrainian Prime Minister, that he would seek
:25:33. > :25:37.to end the non-alliance status of Ukraine, with a view to becoming a
:25:38. > :25:41.member of NATO, which would be extremely provocative for Russia
:25:42. > :25:47.right on its border. Police in morguern Brazil say they're in the
:25:48. > :25:52.process of dismantling one of the biggest criminal gangs. The group is
:25:53. > :25:57.accused of burning and seg huge areas of the forest. Police are
:25:58. > :26:01.calling these men the biggest destroyers of the Amazon rain
:26:02. > :26:07.forest. And their arrests are a huge step forward in saving one of the
:26:08. > :26:11.world's natural wonders. The gang is accused of causing hundreds of
:26:12. > :26:15.millions of dollars of environmental damage and alleged to have made
:26:16. > :26:21.millions more by invading, logging and burning large areas of public
:26:22. > :26:27.land and selling these illegally for farming and grazing. They could face
:26:28. > :26:31.more than 30 years in jail. Brazil's Government has committed themselves
:26:32. > :26:37.to reducing the destruction of the forest, but last year deforestation
:26:38. > :26:41.in the Amazon increased by nearly a third. An unwelcome spike after
:26:42. > :26:48.years of decline. Political and police corruption is still rife in
:26:49. > :26:51.Brazil's interior, with many loggers and miners able to operate with
:26:52. > :26:56.impunity. That is it so far from me, Tim
:26:57. > :27:12.Willcox and the team. Goodbye for now.
:27:13. > :27:14.Go away if you don't me to speak to you like that!
:27:15. > :27:18.Most schools exclude disruptive pupils.
:27:19. > :27:21.I ain't putting up with this any more.
:27:22. > :27:26.But one school takes them in and promises five GCSEs.