04/07/2017

:00:07. > :00:09.Hello, this is Breakfast, with Louise Minchin and Dan Walker.

:00:10. > :00:13.A plan for a revolution in cancer care using gene tests.

:00:14. > :00:16.The mapping of DNA could mean tailor made treatments for millions

:00:17. > :00:41.Good morning, it's Tuesday fourth July.

:00:42. > :00:44.We hear from the family of the youngest victim

:00:45. > :00:46.of the Manchester Arena bombing, Saffie Roussos, speaking

:00:47. > :00:49.for the first time about their loss on what would have been

:00:50. > :00:59.We didn't want to just let her birthday pass. We just wanted to

:01:00. > :01:01.celebrate her birthday through doing this.

:01:02. > :01:04.Ministers are told to hold their nerve over public sector pay

:01:05. > :01:08.Nearly five million people are self-employed -

:01:09. > :01:10.but they don't automatically get the minimum wage.

:01:11. > :01:20.I'll look at what it means for workers.

:01:21. > :01:27.It all went well yesterday, didn't it?

:01:28. > :01:29.Injury fears prove unfounded as Andy Murray breezes

:01:30. > :01:32.into the second round at Wimbledon with a straight sets victory

:01:33. > :01:47.Carol has the weather. Not much of a brief today. It will be dry and

:01:48. > :01:52.sunny but we have persistent rain across the central area of the UK --

:01:53. > :02:02.breeze. If you come to Wimbledon, only 10% chance of a shower. And we

:02:03. > :02:03.might play tennis! Something to look forward to.

:02:04. > :02:07.A plan to revolutionise the treatment that cancer patients

:02:08. > :02:09.receive, through individually mapping their DNA, is being proposed

:02:10. > :02:11.by the Chief Medical Officer for England.

:02:12. > :02:14.The proposals would mean millions of patients would have treatments

:02:15. > :02:16.that were directly targetted at the particular strain

:02:17. > :02:24.Our medical correspondent Fergus Walsh reports.

:02:25. > :02:27.More than 30,000 NHS patients, mostly with cancer or rare diseases,

:02:28. > :02:28.have had their entire genetic code mapped.

:02:29. > :02:32.Some patients with cancer are having the genetic profile of their tumours

:02:33. > :02:35.analysed to determine which is the best treatment for them.

:02:36. > :02:38.Sally told me that Jim Rome testing needs to be turned into a national

:02:39. > :02:46.network, to ensure all patients have access

:02:47. > :03:02.Patients need to be close to their treatments.

:03:03. > :03:05.All people with rare diseases, of whom there are at

:03:06. > :03:19.Most patients with cancers and quite a lot of infections.

:03:20. > :03:23.Dame Sally says six in ten cancer patients who get gene tested

:03:24. > :03:25.receive the personalised treatment based on their DNA

:03:26. > :03:30.It costs ?680 to map a person's genetic

:03:31. > :03:37.code, but it gets cheaper every few months.

:03:38. > :03:40.In some cases, DNA mapping can be cheaper than existing tests

:03:41. > :03:42.or avoid the need for invasive biopsies.

:03:43. > :03:44.This report is an attempt to democratise genomics,

:03:45. > :03:47.moving DNA analysis into the mainstream so that more

:03:48. > :04:03.patients can benefit from personalised, targeted treatments.

:04:04. > :04:06.We will be speaking with Dame Sally Davies later.

:04:07. > :04:09.After days of pressure from some Cabinet ministers to lift the one %

:04:10. > :04:12.public sector pay cap, Philip Hammond has said

:04:13. > :04:13.the government must hold its nerve.

:04:14. > :04:16.Last night, the Chancellor said the Government would continue

:04:17. > :04:18.to assess the balance between being fair to public

:04:19. > :04:20.servants and the taxpayers who fund their wages.

:04:21. > :04:22.Our political correspondent Chris Mason joins us now

:04:23. > :04:38.What has he said? It's almost as if the cabinet table has been set up in

:04:39. > :04:42.the garden of Downing Street or in the street outside Parliament.

:04:43. > :04:47.Anyone walking past can hear what Cabinet ministers have had to say.

:04:48. > :04:51.I've run out of fingers on one hand yesterday tried to count the number

:04:52. > :04:55.of Cabinet ministers who have publicly said that perhaps it was

:04:56. > :05:00.time to say goodbye to the 1% public sector pay cut. Perhaps we shouldn't

:05:01. > :05:04.be that surprised that Chancellor Philip Hammond quite late last night

:05:05. > :05:09.in a speech in London to business leaders was pretty aggrieved in his

:05:10. > :05:15.language, saying it was time for a grown-up debate about public sector

:05:16. > :05:18.pay saying they should be a balance struck between properly rewarding

:05:19. > :05:24.public servants and ensuring it was fair for those who paid for them, in

:05:25. > :05:29.other words, taxpayers. That are bleak, the Chancellor is saying,

:05:30. > :05:33."Hang on a minute." There may be a clamour for change and he is not

:05:34. > :05:37.saying there won't be a change that he isn't shifting the policy yet. In

:05:38. > :05:40.other words, we need to wake of the individual pay review Polec --

:05:41. > :05:47.bodies to make their individual recommendations and then see what

:05:48. > :05:51.the government does. The teachers and police officers are coming in

:05:52. > :05:56.the next few weeks but nurses who reached a decision with their pay

:05:57. > :06:00.body a few months ago, they are in for a long wait. Will thou be a pay

:06:01. > :06:09.rise for 5 million public sector workers? Possibly. -- will there be?

:06:10. > :06:14.You had a long pause there. A new report warns that nearly

:06:15. > :06:21.700,000 children in England are living in families

:06:22. > :06:24.described as "high risk". The report by the

:06:25. > :06:25.Children's Commissioner, Anne Longfield, also says many

:06:26. > :06:28.vulnerable young people struggle with abuse or mental

:06:29. > :06:29.health problems. It concludes that large numbers

:06:30. > :06:32.of children who need help Whether the victims of abuse,

:06:33. > :06:51.living in unstable households or dealing with mental health

:06:52. > :06:54.problems, there are many reasons that children

:06:55. > :06:55.could be vulnerable. The children's Commissioner

:06:56. > :06:57.for England as the data doesn't She says these children

:06:58. > :07:01.are often invisible, and don't receive

:07:02. > :07:04.the support they need. The report aims to produce

:07:05. > :07:07.an accurate picture of the scale It found nearly 700,000 children

:07:08. > :07:11.live in high-risk families. Almost 30,000 live with adults

:07:12. > :07:13.receiving drug or alcohol treatment. 200,000 are recognised as having

:07:14. > :07:32.experienced abuse or trauma. In almost 600,000 cases,

:07:33. > :07:34.children were so vulnerable, where the state had to step

:07:35. > :07:37.in to provide support. The fact is that nobody knows

:07:38. > :07:40.at the moment how many vulnerable We have had 12 statisticians

:07:41. > :07:43.working over four months, on the best data available,

:07:44. > :07:47.and this is the best estimate We also know, while the statistics

:07:48. > :07:51.are shocking, they are the tip The Children's Minister says support

:07:52. > :07:54.for vulnerable children is being given across

:07:55. > :07:56.the Government, but says Kensington and Chelsea Council has

:07:57. > :08:04.chosen a new leader. Councillor Elizabeth Campbell

:08:05. > :08:05.replaces Nicholas Paget-Brown, who resigned following criticism

:08:06. > :08:07.over the authority's response She apologised to the community

:08:08. > :08:21.for the handling of the disaster. The first thing I want to do is

:08:22. > :08:34.apologise. This is our community and we have failed it, when people

:08:35. > :08:38.needed us the most. We are truly sorry. As a new leader, I will

:08:39. > :08:41.appoint a new Cabinet tomorrow and things are going to change. The

:08:42. > :08:44.first thing I'm going to do is to reach out to our community so we can

:08:45. > :08:45.begin to heal the wounds. Charities that harass donors

:08:46. > :08:48.for cash could be fined up to 25,000 pounds under new rules

:08:49. > :08:50.being introduced this week. A new Fundraising Preference

:08:51. > :08:52.Service beginning on Thursday will allow

:08:53. > :08:54.the public to ask charities If charities choose to ignore

:08:55. > :08:58.warnings from the regulator they will be reported

:08:59. > :09:00.to the information Commissioner South Korean authorities say

:09:01. > :09:09.North Korea has fired a ballistic missile from its western region -

:09:10. > :09:12.the 11th detected missile South Korean officials say

:09:13. > :09:15.an unidentified rocket was tracked Media in Japan are reporting it

:09:16. > :09:19.landed in Japanese waters. North Korea has increased

:09:20. > :09:22.the frequency of its nuclear and missile tests in recent

:09:23. > :09:32.months raising tensions. Liverpool could be set

:09:33. > :09:35.to lose its UNESCO World Heritage status over concerns

:09:36. > :09:36.that planned skyscrapers Originally given World

:09:37. > :09:39.Heritage status in 2004, recognising the docks role

:09:40. > :09:42.as a major trade centre, if removed Liverpool would become

:09:43. > :09:45.only the second city to be deleted The Government will have the chance

:09:46. > :09:49.to review protective measures before One small step for man,

:09:50. > :10:02.one giant leap for fried food. History was made after a Hull chip

:10:03. > :10:06.shop delicacy called a pattie The pattie, made from fried mashed

:10:07. > :10:13.potato seasoned with herbs, was sent up 37km -

:10:14. > :10:16.to the edge of the Earth's atmosphere - attached

:10:17. > :10:26.to a weather balloon. It was launched from

:10:27. > :10:28.a site in Sheffield - and after a short flight

:10:29. > :10:31.above the UK it floated back down and landed in a field

:10:32. > :10:41.in Lincolnshire. Question of the day, was it still

:10:42. > :10:52.edible? A year ago, we had cold chips in the studio. It was really

:10:53. > :10:56.bad. There is one other thing we need your help with today. Later in

:10:57. > :11:08.the programme, we are looking at a new film called What If Women Ruled

:11:09. > :11:21.The World? . What did you think of that? Send in your comments. Or you

:11:22. > :11:22.can tweet us. And you can tell us what you think about Wimbledon as

:11:23. > :11:33.well. The big mug is out. That's no way to

:11:34. > :11:37.talk about me. Sorry, couldn't resist it.

:11:38. > :11:50.We have been doing game, set, mug. Watch me fail. I will do the Murray

:11:51. > :11:58.technique. This is what Andy Murray did. Oh! Just didn't work. We have

:11:59. > :12:03.in timing the players and the aim is to get as many tennis balls inside

:12:04. > :12:07.this mug as they can. Andy Murray Court 14 in. We also filled with

:12:08. > :12:13.Johanna Konta who played today and came through the first round no

:12:14. > :12:20.problem. How would she do in game, set, mug? Have a look at this.

:12:21. > :12:24.Morning everybody. I'm delighted to say we are joined for our BBC

:12:25. > :12:29.breakfast mug challenge with the British number one Johanna Konta.

:12:30. > :12:33.Good morning. Good morning. You have faced some challenges in your time.

:12:34. > :12:38.Had you ever faced anything quite like this? I think this is the

:12:39. > :12:44.biggest challenge of all. Game, set, mug. You have 30 seconds. You are

:12:45. > :12:49.already primed. What is your technique? I will approach it with

:12:50. > :12:54.as much control as possible so I will go under rum. I will time you

:12:55. > :13:01.for 30 seconds on my phone. You ready? -- under arm. Nice. Get the

:13:02. > :13:05.measure of it. That was a good one. It's really difficult to get the

:13:06. > :13:11.length of this shot. This is more challenging than you might think.

:13:12. > :13:21.Keep going. We have 15 seconds left. You are halfway now, Johanna Konta.

:13:22. > :13:26.More speed, go as fast as you can, just keep trying. We have five

:13:27. > :13:33.seconds left. Johanna Konta, five, of four, three, two, one. Yes! You

:13:34. > :13:52.got it in! Let's have a look. Let's not have a look. -40 eight. Two. --

:13:53. > :13:55.minus 48. I can't believe she did that the week before Wimbledon with

:13:56. > :13:59.all the training and everything else going on but you can see how

:14:00. > :14:06.difficult it is. An fully, though, I have the most glamorous ball girl in

:14:07. > :14:18.wind -- in Wimbledon helping me. You need a bit more practice. Shall I do

:14:19. > :14:34.it under arm? No chance. I can't! Well done! High five! My trouble is

:14:35. > :14:44.my eyesight. I'll do one more. Look at back! Let's look at the game,

:14:45. > :14:50.set, mug leaderboard. I believe Andy Murray is top. I think he has 14.

:14:51. > :15:00.There we saw Johanna Konta, second with two. Many more people to come.

:15:01. > :15:08.Did I just get at two in? I am equal with Johanna Konta! You did! I'm

:15:09. > :15:15.impressed. Now onto the serious business of the Wimbledon weather.

:15:16. > :15:22.Anyway, this morning it is lovely in Wimbledon. The Sun is beating down,

:15:23. > :15:26.the temperatures already 14 Celsius and the forecast is going to stay

:15:27. > :15:31.largely dry. I say largely dry because there is only a 10% risk of

:15:32. > :15:34.showers. So we are not going for bone dry and increasingly through

:15:35. > :15:38.the day we will see more cloud spread in from the west. It will

:15:39. > :15:41.break up through the course of the afternoon and we will see some sunny

:15:42. > :15:54.spells developing. Temperatures up to the low 20s. It is going to turn

:15:55. > :15:57.warmer for us all, though, as we go through the next few days, with

:15:58. > :16:00.temperatures in some parts of the South hitting 30 Celsius, but not

:16:01. > :16:03.today. Today we have got some sunshine in the south-east and

:16:04. > :16:07.variable amounts of cloud. That cloud is big enough to produce some

:16:08. > :16:10.patchy light rain and drizzle until we get to the north of England and

:16:11. > :16:13.southern and central Scotland. Here we have some persistent and heavy

:16:14. > :16:16.rain. North Scotland, clearer skies and a chilly start. That rain also

:16:17. > :16:19.extending in through Northern Ireland and as we come south back

:16:20. > :16:23.into Wales, south-west England, again bright skies, some sunny

:16:24. > :16:25.spells around in that holds true as we drift back towards the east,

:16:26. > :16:29.across southern counties of England as well. Some cloud around, some

:16:30. > :16:33.patchy light rain and drizzle, but a lot of dry weather as well stop

:16:34. > :16:37.through the course of the day that band of rain you can see in the

:16:38. > :16:41.Central swathe of the country will be heavy and persistent. It will be

:16:42. > :16:43.on and off through the course of the day as well. Northern Scotland

:16:44. > :16:47.seeing some sunshine. Further south where we have the cloud it drifts

:16:48. > :16:50.towards the east and breaks up. You could see one or two showers across

:16:51. > :16:54.the Midlands and East Anglia, temperatures around 25 Celsius in

:16:55. > :16:57.London, fresher than that as we move further north and feeling chilly if

:16:58. > :17:02.you are stuck under the band of rain. Through the evening and

:17:03. > :17:05.overnight, we still have the weather front reducing the rain but

:17:06. > :17:09.increasingly it will fragment and turned lighter and more drizzly.

:17:10. > :17:13.There will also be some hill fog and coastal fog as well. Temperatures in

:17:14. > :17:16.towns and cities staying in double figures. Tomorrow we have the

:17:17. > :17:19.remnants of that front across Northern Ireland, southern Scotland

:17:20. > :17:22.and northern England, where it will brighten up as we go through the

:17:23. > :17:26.course of the afternoon. A lot of dry weather tomorrow. Quite a bit of

:17:27. > :17:31.sunshine as well. Temperatures in the roughly 18 to about 20 but

:17:32. > :17:35.across England and Wales we are looking widely at the mid to high

:17:36. > :17:39.20s. Some parts of the south-east could hit 30, but it should be hot

:17:40. > :17:45.and humid and dry at Wimbledon tomorrow. As we head on in the

:17:46. > :17:48.Thursday, importing this humid air from the near continent so

:17:49. > :17:52.increasingly we will see thunderstorms develop, especially

:17:53. > :17:57.across England, Wales and southern Scotland. If you catch one, it could

:17:58. > :18:01.well be torrential. That may cause some interruptions at Wimbledon. If

:18:02. > :18:04.you move further north into Northern Ireland in Scotland we are looking

:18:05. > :18:09.at something that bit right, but still the potential on Thursday for

:18:10. > :18:13.somewhere in the south to hit 30 Celsius. So once again it is getting

:18:14. > :18:18.hot, but not quite as hot as it was a couple of weeks ago when it hit

:18:19. > :18:23.34.5dC. It redlly does look gorgeous. Plenty more from Carol and

:18:24. > :18:31.Sally from Wimbledon throughout day two. The front page of the Guardian,

:18:32. > :18:36.we are talking about public sector pay and they have really looked at

:18:37. > :18:41.the impact on public sector pay, on police and teachers. They say the

:18:42. > :18:46.average pay of teachers fell by ?3 an hour in real terms, and that of

:18:47. > :18:54.police officers by ?2 an hour, through the public sector freezers.

:18:55. > :19:02.This is according to a new report. Lots of different stories being told

:19:03. > :19:06.in that High Court hearing. The front page of the Daily Telegraph,

:19:07. > :19:11.lots of pictures on the front pages of the Duchess of Cambridge, who was

:19:12. > :19:15.at Wimbledon yesterday. Quite a few people getting excited about her new

:19:16. > :19:25.haircut, apparently she has lost six inches. Charities face ?25,000 fines

:19:26. > :19:29.for pestering. We will be speaking with guests later in the programme

:19:30. > :19:34.about that. The front page of the Times is about tax cuts, we have

:19:35. > :19:39.been discussing that already this morning. I love the story because I

:19:40. > :19:43.am very forgetful. Next time you can't find your keys, you can't

:19:44. > :19:50.remember your O-level history, but obviously for U2 Mac, GCSE history,

:19:51. > :19:54.find yourself in trouble about forgetting your wedding anniversary,

:19:55. > :20:00.do not blame old age but your brain's mechanisms for neural

:20:01. > :20:11.transience. It is all good. Just having a moment relapse of neural

:20:12. > :20:17.transience. -- momentary lapse. And the Mirror, give heroes a decent

:20:18. > :20:24.rise, all about the public sector pay gap. And various quotes from the

:20:25. > :20:30.Prime Minister that she has made after disasters, and saying it is

:20:31. > :20:34.time to remove that pay cap on public sector. That is something we

:20:35. > :20:37.will be talking about throughout the morning as well. Can you remember

:20:38. > :20:49.what that thing is called? And neural... Nearly. Neuronal

:20:50. > :20:53.transience. Exactly. Good morning to you. One story in the business pages

:20:54. > :20:59.as far as the business press is concerned. More delays to the

:21:00. > :21:04.Hinkley point power station. That is on the front of the Telegraph, and

:21:05. > :21:09.also the business pages of the Guardian and the FT, ?1.5 billion

:21:10. > :21:13.extra cost as far as that project is concerned. Remember, this is the

:21:14. > :21:21.untried and untested technology. The one in France being dealt six years

:21:22. > :21:24.behind schedule -- being built. There is an expectation that the

:21:25. > :21:28.project on the south coast could run even further over, and the cost, of

:21:29. > :21:33.course, for all of us when it comes to how much we are paying for the

:21:34. > :21:37.energy it generates. I want to show you this one as well, in the Times.

:21:38. > :21:42.30 jobs on offer at Italy's Central Bank. They got 85,000 applications

:21:43. > :21:46.for those 30 jobs. They said they will whittle down the number was,

:21:47. > :21:50.reducing it to people who have degrees, then a multiple-choice

:21:51. > :21:54.exam, but 300 candidates will interview for 30 vacancies. We have

:21:55. > :22:10.time for one quick one. Yours looks a bit more interesting. I have

:22:11. > :22:13.tortoise that got home. This is graffiti that was actually written

:22:14. > :22:17.on the frescoes in ancient Egypt, written by people who went there and

:22:18. > :22:21.complaining about what they had seen, and they are trying to

:22:22. > :22:27.preserve it now as something academic. What do they complain

:22:28. > :22:31.about? I can't read the hieroglyphics, said one. I visited

:22:32. > :22:40.and did not like anything apart from the sarcophagus. They would be able

:22:41. > :22:51.to study that for their GCSE. As long as it is not their own levels.

:22:52. > :22:54.You are watching Breakfast from BBC News.

:22:55. > :22:56.The main stories this morning: England's chief medical officer says

:22:57. > :22:59.millions of cancer patients could soon have their DNA mapped

:23:00. > :23:03.The Chancellor says the Government must hold its nerve,

:23:04. > :23:06.despite some Cabinet colleagues calling for an end to the public

:23:07. > :23:09.Eight-year-old Saffie Roussos was the youngest of the 22 victims

:23:10. > :23:14.She went to the Ariana Grande concert with her sister Ashlee

:23:15. > :23:16.and their mum, Lisa, who is still recovering in hospital.

:23:17. > :23:18.Today would have been Saffie's ninth birthday,

:23:19. > :23:21.and to mark the day, her dad, Andrew, and siblings Ashlee

:23:22. > :23:24.and Zander have spoken for the first time to the BBC

:23:25. > :23:42.You couldn't be out with Saffie without having fun. At her dream was

:23:43. > :23:46.to be famous. It was her everything, and we bought her the tickets for

:23:47. > :23:51.Christmas, and she was just counting the days, the seconds, and it was

:23:52. > :23:56.just Ariana Grande until 9pm, 10pm at night, and she would sing and

:23:57. > :24:01.dance to every single song. She was Ariana Grande obsessed. So to see

:24:02. > :24:07.how happy she was, it was just... Obviously I had to go with her. You

:24:08. > :24:12.were watching her watching Ariana pretty much. She said come on,

:24:13. > :24:17.Ashlee, you promise me you would get up and dance. So we had a little

:24:18. > :24:21.dance, and she was just so happy, just elated all-night, grinning.

:24:22. > :24:26.When did you first become aware there was something wrong? As soon

:24:27. > :24:34.as the blast went off. Obviously it was... I mean, to me, I kind of just

:24:35. > :24:39.knew. I don't know how, I knew what happened. I remember I was thrown to

:24:40. > :24:42.the ground, and my next instinct, I just sort of rolled over and

:24:43. > :24:49.crawled, because I couldn't walk. Were you aware of where your mum was

:24:50. > :24:55.at the time, where Saffie was? Two no, I couldn't see anyone, but a

:24:56. > :25:00.sort crowds and crowds of people. For you, that night, Andrew, had you

:25:01. > :25:03.come to the arena to collect? What were you doing? We were sitting

:25:04. > :25:07.there for just a few minutes, and didn't hear anything, but just hell

:25:08. > :25:15.broke loose. It was just people, children, screaming. Crying. And

:25:16. > :25:20.then, as I turned around the corner, saw Ashlee outside, injured. And

:25:21. > :25:25.when did you learn about Saffie? A detective that I spoke to in the

:25:26. > :25:31.hospital, he went away and came back about 12am, and told me. And you

:25:32. > :25:37.have all had to cope, haven't you, with Saffie 's loss, and also Lisa's

:25:38. > :25:41.recovery. How was she doing? She is fighting. I mean, she's got that

:25:42. > :25:49.many injuries around the body. Just that alone. She is like a soldier.

:25:50. > :25:53.How are you finding it, Xander? There is times when you're sad, and

:25:54. > :25:58.times when you're happy. So is kind of like a mix. The world knew what

:25:59. > :26:04.had happened. Lisa was not conscious. When she came round, you

:26:05. > :26:11.had to tell her. No. She looked at me and said to me, Saffie 's gone,

:26:12. > :26:15.isn't she? I was dreading it, she just looked at me and said she is

:26:16. > :26:21.gone, isn't she? She knew. The fourth of July, Saffie 's birthday,

:26:22. > :26:26.that is why you are speaking out. Yes, we didn't want to just let the

:26:27. > :26:31.best they pass. I just wanted to celebrate Saffie 's birthday,

:26:32. > :26:39.through doing this. What has your family lost? We've lost everything.

:26:40. > :26:44.We have. Because life will just never be the same.

:26:45. > :26:49.And it is really sobering watching that, remembering Saffie, isn't it?

:26:50. > :26:52.That was Andrew Roussos and his childrenm Ashlee and Xander,

:26:53. > :26:53.speaking to our reporter Judith Moritz.

:26:54. > :26:57.We would just like to say a big thank you to them all for speaking

:26:58. > :30:23.to us about Saffie this morning. morning and into the afternoon as

:30:24. > :30:37.I'm back with the latest from the BBC London newsroom

:30:38. > :30:41.Plenty more on our website at the usual address.

:30:42. > :30:46.Hello, this is Breakfast, with Louise Minchin and Dan Walker

:30:47. > :30:50.We'll bring you all the latest news and sport in a moment,

:30:51. > :30:52.but coming up on Breakfast this morning -

:30:53. > :30:55.We'll be at the looking at some brand new scientific innovation -

:30:56. > :30:58.as engineers find ground breaking ways of detecting the tiniest

:30:59. > :31:00.of cracks in some of our biggest buildings.

:31:01. > :31:02.Also this morning, sandwich chain Subway has more

:31:03. > :31:05.outlets than McDonalds, but Ben will be asking their boss

:31:06. > :31:07.why it's still not cracked the breakfast market.

:31:08. > :31:09.And, Bridget Kendall was the BBC's Moscow correspondent

:31:10. > :31:11.during the collapse of the Soviet Union -

:31:12. > :31:14.she'll be here to talk about her new book which looks

:31:15. > :31:17.at that time through the eyes of those who experienced it

:31:18. > :31:23.But now a summary of this morning's main news.

:31:24. > :31:25.A plan to revolutionise the treatment that cancer patients

:31:26. > :31:28.receive, through individually mapping their DNA, is being proposed

:31:29. > :31:36.by the Chief Medical Officer for England.

:31:37. > :31:38.The proposals would mean millions of patients would have treatments

:31:39. > :31:41.that were directly targetted at the particular strain

:31:42. > :31:45.Patients will benefit if we can offer them the scan of their genome

:31:46. > :31:47.that will make a difference to their treatments.

:31:48. > :31:49.That's clearly all people with rare diseases,

:31:50. > :31:52.of whom there are three million or more in this country.

:31:53. > :31:57.It's most patients with cancers and quite a lot of infections.

:31:58. > :32:00.We'll be speaking to the Chief Medical Officer -

:32:01. > :32:07.Dame Sally Davies, that's at ten past seven.

:32:08. > :32:10.The Chancellor says the government must "hold its nerve" -

:32:11. > :32:13.despite some cabinet colleagues calling for an end to the public

:32:14. > :32:15.Speaking in London last night, Philip Hammond said

:32:16. > :32:18.he understood people were "weary" after seven years of austerity

:32:19. > :32:25.but rejected calls to "take the foot off the pedal".

:32:26. > :32:28.A new report warns that nearly 700 thousand children in England

:32:29. > :32:30.are living in families described as "high risk".

:32:31. > :32:32.The report by the Children's Commissioner,

:32:33. > :32:34.Anne Longfield, also says many vulnerable young people struggle

:32:35. > :32:36.with abuse or mental health problems.

:32:37. > :32:38.It concludes that large numbers of children who need help

:32:39. > :32:47.Charities that harass donors for cash could be fined up

:32:48. > :32:50.to ?25,000 under new rules being introduced this week.

:32:51. > :32:52.The Fundraising Preference Service enables users to stop

:32:53. > :32:55.e-mail, telephone calls and post from charities that are deemed

:32:56. > :32:59.Those who ignore warnings will face sanctions from the regulator.

:33:00. > :33:12.The BBC has confirmed it will invest an additional ?34 million

:33:13. > :33:13.in expanding digital programming for children,

:33:14. > :33:16.as it attempts to win their attention in a changing online

:33:17. > :33:20.The new investment will be spent on content that will include video,

:33:21. > :33:22.blogs, vlogs, podcasts, quizzes, games and apps.

:33:23. > :33:32.Strictly Come Dancing judge Craig Revel Horwood is calling

:33:33. > :33:42.-- we know sally is at Wimbledon for the next few weeks. Lots of good

:33:43. > :33:49.news from yesterday. Good morning, Sally. Yes. Lots of good news to

:33:50. > :33:55.report from yesterday and Carol will tell you with more details of later

:33:56. > :33:59.some fantastic weather. It will look gorgeous on the television today and

:34:00. > :34:04.if you are coming today, you have Piggot reggae. Andy Murray -- you

:34:05. > :34:06.have peaked at good day. Tradition dictates that

:34:07. > :34:08.the defending men's champion opens play on Centre Court and Andy Murray

:34:09. > :34:12.didn't disappoint the home crowd. Against the unpredictable

:34:13. > :34:14.Alexander Bublik, Murray looked to be feeling no ill effects

:34:15. > :34:16.from his hip injury. He made it through in straight sets

:34:17. > :34:29.in under two hours and will play The way he plays, he comes to the

:34:30. > :34:34.net a lot, he is approaching. Worked on my passing shots and lobs and

:34:35. > :34:36.those things because they will be at different type of match. He plays a

:34:37. > :34:40.bit more from the net. Joining Murray in the second

:34:41. > :34:43.round is Aljaz Bedene. The British number four came

:34:44. > :34:45.through an epic five setter, The match lasting well over four

:34:46. > :34:49.hours - four tie-breakers and 8-6 There's been a big upset

:34:50. > :34:58.at the top of the men's draw. Three time Grand Slam winner

:34:59. > :35:00.and world number three He was beaten by 21-year-old

:35:01. > :35:04.Wimbledon debutant Danil Medvedev. The world number 49 is playing

:35:05. > :35:11.in only his third grand slam. A much easier day's

:35:12. > :35:13.work for Johanna Konta. She beat Chinese Taipie's Hsieh

:35:14. > :35:15.Su-Wei in straight sets, avenging her first round defeat

:35:16. > :35:18.at the French Open to And Konta will be joined

:35:19. > :35:29.by Heather Watson. The British number two

:35:30. > :35:32.continued her impressive form, beating Marina Zanevska

:35:33. > :35:59.of Belgium in straight sets. Venus was involved in a fatal car

:36:00. > :36:05.crash and she was asked about it. No words to describe how devastating

:36:06. > :36:20.and... Yeah. I'm completely speechless. I'm just... Maybe I

:36:21. > :36:21.should go. Difficult scenes in the press conference.

:36:22. > :36:24.Slovakian world champion Peter Sagan won Stage three

:36:25. > :36:27.of the Tour de France, after a 126-mile stage that started

:36:28. > :36:31.Britain's Geraint Thomas finished eighth to keep the leader's yellow

:36:32. > :36:34.jersey and extend his race lead to 12 seconds -

:36:35. > :36:37.ahead of his team leader, Chris Froome, who's up to second

:36:38. > :36:40.Aston Villa have signed former Chelsea and England captain John

:36:41. > :36:43.The 36-year-old defender has signed a one year deal

:36:44. > :36:48.Terry turned down offers for more money to play in the Premier League

:36:49. > :36:56.because he didn't want to play against Chelsea.

:36:57. > :37:02.History is huge. The stadium itself. The training ground and facilities.

:37:03. > :37:09.When you look back at the history of the players that have been here over

:37:10. > :37:13.the years, in credible. It is a big football club and deserves to be in

:37:14. > :37:17.the Premier League and that's the reason I'm here.

:37:18. > :37:33.What are the chances of Aston Villa playing Chelsea next cup? I want to

:37:34. > :37:38.tell you about Mandy Minella. After hate match, she gave a press

:37:39. > :37:45.conference and announced something... She played the match at

:37:46. > :37:57.4.5 months pregnant. That's brilliant, isn't it? To turn up and

:37:58. > :38:04.at Wimbledon 4.5 months pregnant. We will see you at bit later. We will

:38:05. > :38:09.stay with the sporting theme. Watching live Premier League action

:38:10. > :38:12.via unauthorised providers is common among football fans,

:38:13. > :38:15.according to a new survey done More than a third of

:38:16. > :38:18.Premier League football fans regularly watch matches online

:38:19. > :38:20.via unofficial streams. 32% of fans don't know

:38:21. > :38:22.whether it's illegal to stream Premier League matches

:38:23. > :38:24.from unofficial providers. Younger fans are more likely

:38:25. > :38:28.to watch matches via unofficial streams, two thirds of the surveyed

:38:29. > :38:32.people aged 18-34 say they do so at least once a month, compared

:38:33. > :38:35.to a third of 35-54 year-olds. Jim, can you talk us

:38:36. > :38:53.through the findings? Are there some surprises? We spoke

:38:54. > :38:58.to 1000 fans and as you say, we spoke about the various viewing

:38:59. > :39:02.habits, some of them legal. Also the use of unofficial streams and

:39:03. > :39:06.websites. The numbers are quite surprising. We talk about nearly

:39:07. > :39:12.half of fans at some point having watched the game by an unofficial

:39:13. > :39:15.stream and a lot of fans doing this regularly. One in five fans every

:39:16. > :39:22.week. The number of younger fans, as you say, are more likely. There is

:39:23. > :39:26.confusion around the law which seems to be a big thing coming out of it.

:39:27. > :39:30.One third of fans says it is illegal and you have another third saying

:39:31. > :39:34.they don't know what the law is. A few other actors in between about

:39:35. > :39:39.whether it might be illegal or might not and whether you might get in

:39:40. > :39:44.trouble from Sky or the Premier League. Some people are willing to

:39:45. > :39:48.break the law and some people don't know the law. The law is you

:39:49. > :39:52.shouldn't do it. Football fans talk about it being a grey area but as

:39:53. > :39:57.far as copyright experts and the Premier League is saying, it is

:39:58. > :40:00.black and white, it is illegal. That was the European Court Justice

:40:01. > :40:04.ruling a few weeks ago saying streaming is the same as downloading

:40:05. > :40:08.so even if you are not saving something to your computer or your

:40:09. > :40:11.phone, even if you are just watching it, you are still breaking the law.

:40:12. > :40:15.In terms of technology, it's pretty easy to find these things on the

:40:16. > :40:23.Internet. There is a special box you can get. These boxes are legal.

:40:24. > :40:29.There are legal waste used them. Issue comes when the codec is

:40:30. > :40:37.modified and it allows you to watch pirated content. We have prosecuted

:40:38. > :40:41.people selling these boxes when they have been modified and that is one

:40:42. > :40:45.of the tactics the Premier League is now hoping to use. They want more

:40:46. > :40:49.people prosecuted for this and cut it off at the source and make the

:40:50. > :40:53.software harder to get hold of so it's not worth it for fans and makes

:40:54. > :40:57.it more trouble to try and do it. Let's talk about the reasons why

:40:58. > :41:02.they are doing it. Is it to do with the price of watching live football?

:41:03. > :41:05.The most common reason, interestingly, a friend or family

:41:06. > :41:09.member was doing it and they watched along with it. It wasn't really

:41:10. > :41:18.need... I was just better at the time. They also talked about the

:41:19. > :41:21.quality of the streams that were available. They work in parable to

:41:22. > :41:24.watching it on TV. The third biggest reason was the price of traditional

:41:25. > :41:28.TV packages. People saying, "Why should I pay ?50 per month for Sky

:41:29. > :41:34.when I can get all the episodes I want to watch". The number of people

:41:35. > :41:39.watching football dropped a bit last season. Is this part of it? All of

:41:40. > :41:42.the providers saw their view is going down for their traditional TV

:41:43. > :41:46.channels. That doesn't mean people are not watching Sky through the

:41:47. > :41:50.other digital channels. There are other things happening. Also last

:41:51. > :41:54.season you have big teams like Newcastle and Aston Villa that were

:41:55. > :41:57.not in the Premier League so that might have had an impact. At the

:41:58. > :42:03.moment, it's impossible to say how much the illegal streaming is an

:42:04. > :42:06.impact on the legal viewing but it's obviously concern for the Premier

:42:07. > :42:10.League and they say they will clamp down on it and keep going at it.

:42:11. > :42:13.They will protect their copyright. Very interesting, thank you very

:42:14. > :42:19.much. 642. This is breakfast on BBC News. Our main story this morning.

:42:20. > :42:22.Millions of cancer patients could soon have their DNA mapped

:42:23. > :42:37.People are calling friend and to that topic sector pay gap. Carol is

:42:38. > :42:50.at Wimbledon and I'm worried about her, she seems to be have shrunk. --

:42:51. > :42:55.public sector. Sally has been playing this game this morning. She

:42:56. > :42:59.needs bit more practice. The sun is beating down. Look at the view, it

:43:00. > :43:05.is so tranquil. If you like putting your feet into what -- in the water

:43:06. > :43:10.but of course, you can't. The forecast for Wimbledon today is a

:43:11. > :43:18.dry one. There is a cave yet to that, a 10% risk of a shower. --

:43:19. > :43:22.caveats. A bit more sun will come later and the cloud will break up.

:43:23. > :43:27.There is more clout today than yesterday. We're looking at highs of

:43:28. > :43:35.23. -- cloud. As we look at the UK as a whole, it will turn much warmer

:43:36. > :43:40.and for some, it will be hot. We have sunshine and cloud. For England

:43:41. > :43:43.and Wales, quite a bit of cloud, producing patchy light rain or

:43:44. > :43:47.drizzle here and there until we get to northern England and central and

:43:48. > :43:54.southern Scotland. Here we get heavy and persistent rain. Scotland, and

:43:55. > :43:58.not -- are bright and cool start. In Northern Ireland, a band of rain

:43:59. > :44:03.that is affecting northern England and southern Scotland. For Wales,

:44:04. > :44:07.cloudy start that it will brighten up. She could see the odd shower

:44:08. > :44:12.this morning as well and as we drift across Southern counties, a similar

:44:13. > :44:16.story. Variable amounts of cloud and sunshine. As the go through the day,

:44:17. > :44:19.the clout that we have will push further eastwards from the West and

:44:20. > :44:23.breakup. -- cloud. They could produce showers across East Anglia.

:44:24. > :44:27.We still have the persistent and heavy rain across Northern Ireland

:44:28. > :44:30.-- Northern Ireland, central and southern Scotland and northern

:44:31. > :44:34.England. Temperatures under that band will feel chilly but we are

:44:35. > :44:40.looking at double figures in into the high-teens in the north. In the

:44:41. > :44:44.south, we could hit up to 26 around the London area. Through this

:44:45. > :44:49.evening and overnight, the weather system is still ensconced across the

:44:50. > :44:52.central swathe of the UK. The rain will increasingly turn lighter and

:44:53. > :45:06.more patchy in nature. There will be some hill fog and coastal fog but

:45:07. > :45:10.equally on either side of it, we will see clear skies. It won't be a

:45:11. > :45:14.cold night. The temperatures you can see here will be in towns and cities

:45:15. > :45:18.and the countryside will be low. Tomorrow, we start off once again

:45:19. > :45:21.with the weather front. Start on a cloudy note with patchy rain but

:45:22. > :45:24.through the day, it will brighten up. Tomorrow, they will be a lot of

:45:25. > :45:27.sunshine across the board. Temperatures in England and Wales

:45:28. > :45:31.widely mid- high 20s. Locally and parts of the south-east, up to 30

:45:32. > :45:34.and it will feel humid. In the northern half of the UK, more

:45:35. > :45:37.comfortable with temperatures into the low 20s. For Thursday as we

:45:38. > :45:41.import the humid air from France, it will spark off some thunderstorms.

:45:42. > :45:44.There will be long, dry sunny spells on Thursday as well. Where you catch

:45:45. > :45:47.the thunderstorms, the likely areas England, Wales and southern Scotland

:45:48. > :45:52.that his the most amount of detail we have at the moment. They will be

:45:53. > :45:57.torrential and you will know all about it. Another sticky day with

:45:58. > :46:00.highs of two about 30 Celsius. In the North, Scotland and Northern

:46:01. > :46:04.Ireland, something more pleasant and comfortable. We are looking at

:46:05. > :46:06.temperatures up to a bout high 20s or low 20s, depending on where you

:46:07. > :46:16.are. Should self-employed people

:46:17. > :46:18.in the UK be entitled At the moment they are not,

:46:19. > :46:23.but that could be changing. Yes, this isn't about people that

:46:24. > :46:30.run their own business paying themselves more, but about people

:46:31. > :46:33.who are hired by other firms, but are officially

:46:34. > :46:35.classed as self-employed. There has been a lot of debate

:46:36. > :46:38.about the so-called gig economy, where lots of people work

:46:39. > :46:41.for themselves as drivers or couriers, but for a company that

:46:42. > :46:55.decides what they get paid per hour. Well, there are around five million

:46:56. > :46:57.people who are self-employed Half of them, even working

:46:58. > :47:04.full-time, are classed as low-paid, and they are not covered

:47:05. > :47:07.by the minimum wage. The Resolution Foundation

:47:08. > :47:09.says they should be. Conor D'arcy is from

:47:10. > :47:22.the Resolution Foundation. I touched on it about who we are

:47:23. > :47:26.discussing, but we should be clear it is not about people who run their

:47:27. > :47:30.own firm and take money from the firm is a wage. It is people who

:47:31. > :47:34.work for somebody else but officially are classed as

:47:35. > :47:39.self-employed. That's right, so if you ring up a plumber, he works for

:47:40. > :47:43.himself, says his own prices, he decides how much to charge you, and

:47:44. > :47:48.this doesn't apply to him because he can't pay himself more. If you work

:47:49. > :47:51.for a company, and they have set prices, what we are saying is while

:47:52. > :47:55.they are doing that work there should be getting the minimum wage.

:47:56. > :47:59.And some of these firms you might call up other so-called gig economy

:48:00. > :48:03.firms. It is someone who delivers your pics are, drives you around in

:48:04. > :48:06.a taxi, and those are the jobs we are really keeping an eye on,

:48:07. > :48:11.because actually they are working a lot of hours in some cases were not

:48:12. > :48:16.much money. Absolutely. The first thing is around employment status,

:48:17. > :48:21.first of all, whether they should be classed as workers or employees

:48:22. > :48:26.rather than self-employed. There are lots of court cases around that at

:48:27. > :48:29.the moment so if they are entitled to those rights they should

:48:30. > :48:31.absolutely get them. What we are talking about is people who are in

:48:32. > :48:35.those companies, definitely self-employed, to make sure that...

:48:36. > :48:38.There are some really low paid self employed people, to give them some

:48:39. > :48:40.pay protection would be really helpful. And clearly that pay

:48:41. > :48:45.protection will be very important for people who do these jobs Day in

:48:46. > :48:49.and day out. Some say they do these jobs because they are flexible, a

:48:50. > :48:53.bit of money on the side, it strikes me that some of these jobs would not

:48:54. > :48:56.exist if there there was a minimum wage. I think that flexibility is

:48:57. > :48:59.important for a lot of people who really benefit from it and during

:49:00. > :49:03.the recession and recovery, that was helpful because we had really high

:49:04. > :49:06.employment levels. The argument that we are afraid of getting rid of

:49:07. > :49:09.these jobs just because we are installing a minimum wage, you could

:49:10. > :49:13.apply that to any job or employee position so I think giving a basic

:49:14. > :49:17.flaw to anyone doing this work should not mean that these companies

:49:18. > :49:20.have to go out of business or that these jobs don't work any more.

:49:21. > :49:24.There should be a way to balance both that flexibility and a little

:49:25. > :49:28.bit of protection at the bottom. One of the biggest problems as far as

:49:29. > :49:31.the job market in the UK is concerned is that flexibility. We

:49:32. > :49:34.know that productivity is not where it should be, wedges on where they

:49:35. > :49:48.should be, income is falling. From an employer's point of view, they

:49:49. > :49:52.would find it very difficult to impose or pay a minimum wage? I

:49:53. > :49:55.don't think so. You look across the rest of the economy, the national

:49:56. > :49:58.minimum wage has become a big increase in the cost employers are

:49:59. > :50:00.facing, so it is not straightforward, but if other

:50:01. > :50:04.companies using employees and workers can do this, gig economy

:50:05. > :50:07.firms or similar workers should be able to meet at least that basic

:50:08. > :50:11.minimum. It has such an interesting area. Thank you very much, and more

:50:12. > :50:13.from me after seven a.m.. Thank you very much, we will see you later.

:50:14. > :50:16.Well, some of the world's brightest minds are gathering in London today

:50:17. > :50:18.to showcase the best of British scientific achievement.

:50:19. > :50:21.They are down at the annual Royal Society Summer Science

:50:22. > :50:24.exhibition, which opens to the public later this morning.

:50:25. > :50:26.Breakfast's Tim Muffett is there for us now.

:50:27. > :50:36.This team are from the University of St Andrews, and they are

:50:37. > :50:39.investigating how birds use tools and the wildlife to catch prey and

:50:40. > :50:44.how that has affected human evolution. This is the Royal Society

:50:45. > :50:48.Summer Science Exhibition, the Royal Society founded in 1660, and it

:50:49. > :50:52.showcases the very best of UK science. It is about showing what

:50:53. > :50:56.developments are happening, what might happen in the future. Now,

:50:57. > :51:01.there are exhibitors from right across the UK here. Taking a look

:51:02. > :51:05.over here, you can see some footprints, pictures of a dinosaur,

:51:06. > :51:09.that gives you a clue into some of the filming I have been doing to see

:51:10. > :51:11.what scientists here are hoping to discover, and how it might help us

:51:12. > :51:20.all in the future. For the purposes of this report, I

:51:21. > :51:24.am a criminal fleeing a crime scene. Police and forensics teams arrive

:51:25. > :51:27.looking for clues. But thanks to a new project at Bournemouth

:51:28. > :51:32.University, my footprints will reveal more about me than ever

:51:33. > :51:36.before. So what we are doing here is known as photogrammetry. It is

:51:37. > :51:41.recording with a normal camera 20 or 30 images of a single footprint to

:51:42. > :51:45.build a 3-D model of the footprint that we are interested in. This is

:51:46. > :51:50.how the footprint is recorded. You can even flip it underneath. OK, so

:51:51. > :51:55.here is my shoe, then, that is the image of it. So what can you

:51:56. > :51:59.ascertain about the way I walk? You have a very unique and distinctive

:52:00. > :52:02.heel print. You can at least see that you tread very heavily on the

:52:03. > :52:06.outside of your soul. This is distinctive, and it would be enough

:52:07. > :52:11.to potentially make that distinction between these sorts of crimes. Like

:52:12. > :52:15.finger prints and DNA, the team at Bournemouth University would like a

:52:16. > :52:18.footprint database to be set up. Two police forces in England have

:52:19. > :52:22.already started using this technology. It is not just our

:52:23. > :52:26.footprints that are unique, but also our voices. At University College

:52:27. > :52:33.London, is a primer Katherine Woodward is performing at a rather

:52:34. > :52:37.unusual venue. What we are trying to do is find different ways of

:52:38. > :52:43.investigating voices, and also starting to map out some of the

:52:44. > :52:46.complexities of the voice. Up until now, we have been very limited in

:52:47. > :52:50.that kind of information we can get about what was going on inside the

:52:51. > :52:55.mouth when someone is talking. There are some really extraordinary shapes

:52:56. > :52:58.she makes, where she is dropping her drawdown and really hitting those

:52:59. > :53:05.high notes. You can either pushing the sound out. It is the smallest

:53:06. > :53:16.space I have ever sung in in my life. Next it is the turn of rapper

:53:17. > :53:21.Professor Elemental. As you can see their home at the tongue distorts

:53:22. > :53:27.and changes when here's rapping. The team analysing and comparing extreme

:53:28. > :53:33.vocal performances can bring extreme benefits. Their children growing up

:53:34. > :53:37.with a cleft palate, adults who have a speech impediment following a

:53:38. > :53:40.stroke and at the moment the speech and language specialists who work

:53:41. > :53:44.with them are working in the dark in terms of actually understanding what

:53:45. > :53:48.is going on inside their mouth. So this research will be shared with

:53:49. > :53:54.speech therapists, and will hopefully boost our understanding of

:53:55. > :54:00.the human voice. This is the place that I like to flip my flows, but

:54:01. > :54:08.wrapping in this tube is not a place to scratch my nose. -- rapping.

:54:09. > :54:17.It is about showcasing the best of British sciences from the university

:54:18. > :54:21.sectors. The ideas people can come along here and get their hands on

:54:22. > :54:25.scientific experience. These events first began in the 1850s, didn't

:54:26. > :54:29.they? It was a bunch of fellows showing and telling, explaining to

:54:30. > :54:33.their friends and colleagues what on earth was going on, what their

:54:34. > :54:38.science was all about. In the 1990s this developed into a broader public

:54:39. > :54:41.event, and I think we are delighted at the fact that we can bring the

:54:42. > :54:44.general public into the Royal Society and showcase some of the

:54:45. > :54:48.extraordinary science that is going on. Let's have a quick look at that

:54:49. > :54:51.extraordinary science. You are from the University of Bristol. What have

:54:52. > :54:56.you been developing? This stand is all about testing the safety of

:54:57. > :55:00.structures. So these are testing the safety of planes, bridges, power

:55:01. > :55:05.stations, and keeping them safe, so making sure there are no cracks or

:55:06. > :55:07.corrosion in them. Over here we are testing the remaining thickness of

:55:08. > :55:11.the structure using ultrasound sensor that is much quicker than

:55:12. > :55:17.anything that has ever been made before, so it could be attached to a

:55:18. > :55:23.drone, making these tests much, much faster and better. So the senses

:55:24. > :55:29.will be permanently attached to the structure. So we are health testing

:55:30. > :55:32.the structure here. It is such a fascinating building, this, because

:55:33. > :55:39.it is full of history wherever you go. Former presidents include Sir

:55:40. > :55:46.Christopher rent and Isaac Newton. A big team looking at developments,

:55:47. > :55:53.and also a team from Cardiff University -- Sir Christopher Wren.

:55:54. > :56:00.We are demonstrating making polymers and making energy. More from here

:56:01. > :56:06.later on, it is fascinating stuff. You can sense the history and the

:56:07. > :56:13.future of scientific exploration. It is fascinating in that piece of

:56:14. > :56:15.seeing the CAT scan as well. That sopranos singing, I could talk about

:56:16. > :56:18.that for a long time. Still to come this morning:

:56:19. > :56:20.What if women ruled the world? We will meet the artists behind

:56:21. > :56:23.a new play which depicts a female-led society

:56:24. > :56:40.tackling a global emergency, Amy says underpants will always make

:56:41. > :56:45.it to the laundry basket, and Dora says I prefer my world leaders to be

:56:46. > :56:51.born with the humour Miller the gene. So many suggestions, no more

:56:52. > :56:57.war, discussing at over coffee and cake! Some suggestions seem more

:56:58. > :56:59.realistic than others. Most would be saying that is the case already.

:57:00. > :00:18.Time now to get the news, travel and weather where you are.

:00:19. > :00:22.Really very warm for Thursday, and Friday, a little bit fresher

:00:23. > :00:26.I'm back with the latest from the BBC London newsroom

:00:27. > :00:31.Hello, this is Breakfast, with Louise Minchin and Dan Walker.

:00:32. > :00:34.A plan for a revolution in cancer care using gene tests.

:00:35. > :00:37.The mapping of DNA could mean tailor made treatments for millions

:00:38. > :00:55.Good morning, it's Tuesday fourth July.

:00:56. > :00:59.We hear from the family of the youngest victim

:01:00. > :01:01.of the Manchester Arena bombing, Saffie Roussos, speaking

:01:02. > :01:04.for the first time about their loss on what would have been

:01:05. > :01:07.We didn't want to just let her birthday pass.

:01:08. > :01:11.And we just wanted to celebrate Saffie's birthday through

:01:12. > :01:20.It's got more shops around the world than McDonalds but as sandwich

:01:21. > :01:21.chain, Subway plans a major expansion.

:01:22. > :01:30.I'll ask the boss whether healthier fast food is the recipe for success.

:01:31. > :01:32.Liverpool's waterfront is famous around the world,

:01:33. > :01:35.but could it be about to lose its World Heritage status,

:01:36. > :01:53.It all went to plan for Andy Murray yesterday. He didn't seem to

:01:54. > :02:06.struggle to much with his his injury. How will the Wetherby,

:02:07. > :02:11.Carol? A 10% risk of a shower. The forecast for the rest of the UK is

:02:12. > :02:15.largely dry but there is an area of heavy, persistent rain extending

:02:16. > :02:17.from Northern Ireland and into northern England. We will be back

:02:18. > :02:25.with my details later. A plan to revolutionise

:02:26. > :02:29.the treatment that cancer patients receive, through individually

:02:30. > :02:32.mapping their DNA, is being proposed by the Chief Medical

:02:33. > :02:34.Officer for England. The proposals would mean millions

:02:35. > :02:36.of patients would have treatments that were directly targetted

:02:37. > :02:38.at the particular strain Our medical correspondent

:02:39. > :02:41.Fergus Walsh reports. More than 30,000 NHS patients,

:02:42. > :02:46.mostly with cancer or rare diseases, have had their entire

:02:47. > :02:48.genetic code mapped. Some patients with breast, lung,

:02:49. > :02:51.skin and other cancers are having the genetic profile of their tumours

:02:52. > :02:54.analysed to determine which is Dame Sally Davies told me genome

:02:55. > :02:58.testing needs to be turned from a cottage industry

:02:59. > :03:01.into a national network, Patients will benefit if we can

:03:02. > :03:10.offer them the scan of their genome that will make a difference

:03:11. > :03:19.to their treatments. That's clearly all people

:03:20. > :03:21.with rare diseases, of whom there are 3 million

:03:22. > :03:24.or more in this country. It's most patients with cancers

:03:25. > :03:27.and quite a lot of infections. Dame Sally says six in ten cancer

:03:28. > :03:30.patients who get gene tested receive personalised

:03:31. > :03:35.treatment based on their DNA profile and that

:03:36. > :03:37.proportion will rise. It costs ?680 to map a person's

:03:38. > :03:45.entire genetic code, but it's getting cheaper

:03:46. > :03:47.every few months. In some cases, DNA mapping can be

:03:48. > :03:50.cheaper than existing tests or avoid the need

:03:51. > :03:57.for invasive biopsies. This report is an attempt

:03:58. > :04:06.to democratise genomics, moving DNA analysis

:04:07. > :04:09.into the mainstream of the NHS so that more and more

:04:10. > :04:11.patients can benefit from personalised,

:04:12. > :04:12.targeted treatments. We'll be discussing this

:04:13. > :04:15.is more detail with with the Chief Medical Officer

:04:16. > :04:17.Professor Dame Sally Davies After days of pressure from some

:04:18. > :04:22.Cabinet ministers to lift the one % public sector pay cap,

:04:23. > :04:25.Philip Hammond has said the government must

:04:26. > :04:26.hold its nerve. Last night, the Chancellor said

:04:27. > :04:29.the Government would continue to assess the balance

:04:30. > :04:31.between being fair to public servants and the taxpayers

:04:32. > :04:33.who fund their wages. Our political correspondent

:04:34. > :04:53.Chris Mason joins us now Where will we end up with this one?

:04:54. > :04:58.You are asking me to make a prediction about politics and I have

:04:59. > :05:03.learned that that is not something I can do. The whole discussion about

:05:04. > :05:07.public sector pay is an illustration because the honest answer to that

:05:08. > :05:11.question is we don't have an answer. The Chancellor Philip Hammond in

:05:12. > :05:15.charge of all the money gave a speech late last night in London in

:05:16. > :05:21.which he said yes, he gets that people are weary of the hard slog of

:05:22. > :05:27.public sector pay restraint that yes, there are 5 million people who

:05:28. > :05:36.have had a 1% pay cap. But government policy isn't changing.

:05:37. > :05:40.That is despite the fact that my calculation, six government

:05:41. > :05:51.ministers said that the public sector pay gap should change. The --

:05:52. > :05:55.Philip Hammond is a no, it can't change. The review bodies that

:05:56. > :05:58.recommend what should happen to different parts of the public sector

:05:59. > :06:01.when it comes to pay will continue to make their recommendations, the

:06:02. > :06:05.ones for teachers and police officers are coming up in the next

:06:06. > :06:09.couple of weeks. Then it will be for the government to decide what it's

:06:10. > :06:16.going to do. I think what will happen is that things will change

:06:17. > :06:20.slowly. No big bang, no radical shift. I think I just made a

:06:21. > :06:24.prediction which is what I set out to try and avoid doing... I was

:06:25. > :06:26.going to pick you up on that. Good prediction in the end, even though

:06:27. > :06:29.you tried. A new report warns that nearly

:06:30. > :06:32.700,000 children in England are living in families

:06:33. > :06:34.described as "high risk". The report by the

:06:35. > :06:36.Children's Commissioner, Anne Longfield, also says many

:06:37. > :06:38.vulnerable young people struggle with abuse or mental

:06:39. > :06:40.health problems. It concludes that large numbers

:06:41. > :06:43.of children who need help Whether the victims of abuse,

:06:44. > :06:50.living in unstable households or dealing with mental health

:06:51. > :06:53.problems, there are many reasons why young people could be

:06:54. > :07:15.deemed vulnerable. The children's commissioner

:07:16. > :07:17.for England and Longfield says official data doesn't effectively

:07:18. > :07:19.record those at risk. She warns this means

:07:20. > :07:21.children are often invisible to the authorities, and don't

:07:22. > :07:24.receive the support they need. Today's report aims to produce

:07:25. > :07:27.an accurate picture of the scale It found nearly 700,000 children

:07:28. > :07:30.live in high-risk families. Of those, almost 30,000 live

:07:31. > :07:32.with adults receiving drug 200,000 children are recognised

:07:33. > :07:36.by their local authority as having And in almost 600,000 cases,

:07:37. > :07:40.children were deemed so vulnerable, the state had to step

:07:41. > :07:43.in to provide support or care. The fact is that no one knows

:07:44. > :07:46.at the moment how many vulnerable We have had 12 statisticians

:07:47. > :07:50.working over four months on the best data available and this

:07:51. > :07:54.is the best estimate we can get to. We also know, while the figures

:07:55. > :07:56.themselves are shocking, they are also the tip

:07:57. > :07:58.of the iceberg. The Children's Minister Robert

:07:59. > :08:01.Goodwill says support for vulnerable children is being given

:08:02. > :08:03.across the Government, Almost three weeks after

:08:04. > :08:10.the disaster at Grenfell Tower, Kensington and Chelsea Council has

:08:11. > :08:12.elected a new leader. Councillor Elizabeth Campbell

:08:13. > :08:14.replaces Nicholas Paget-Brown, who resigned following criticism

:08:15. > :08:16.over the authority's The first thing I want to do

:08:17. > :08:28.is I want to apologise. This is our community and we have

:08:29. > :08:31.failed it when people needed So no buts, no ifs, no

:08:32. > :08:40.excuses, I am truly sorry. As new leader, I will appoint

:08:41. > :08:43.a new cabinet tomorrow and things South Korean authorities say

:08:44. > :08:50.North Korea has fired a ballistic missile from its western region -

:08:51. > :08:53.the 11th detected missile South Korean officials say

:08:54. > :08:56.an unidentified rocket was tracked Media in Japan are reporting it

:08:57. > :09:00.landed in Japanese waters. North Korea has increased

:09:01. > :09:03.the frequency of its nuclear and missile tests in recent

:09:04. > :09:06.months raising tensions. Charities that harass donors

:09:07. > :09:10.for cash could be fined up to 25,000 pounds under new rules

:09:11. > :09:12.being introduced this week. The Fundraising Preference Service

:09:13. > :09:14.enables users to stop e-mail, telephone calls and post

:09:15. > :09:17.from charities that are deemed Those who ignore warnings will face

:09:18. > :09:29.sanctions from the regulator. It currently ranks alongside

:09:30. > :09:32.Stonehenge and the Egyptian pyramids - but the city of Liverpool

:09:33. > :09:37.could lose its UNESCO World Heritage If removed Liverpool would become

:09:38. > :09:41.only the second city to be deleted Jayne McCubbin

:09:42. > :09:51.is there for us. We can see why it is a UNESCO World

:09:52. > :09:58.Heritage site. It is beautiful. That we tell you why they had the first

:09:59. > :10:02.place, iconic, beautiful, historically significant. So much so

:10:03. > :10:06.that UNESCO gave it to this heritage status. A calling card that it was

:10:07. > :10:11.allowed to send out the world saying this place is gorgeous, come and

:10:12. > :10:15.visit. However, UNESCO believes this is under threat. Here is the reason

:10:16. > :10:19.why. Let me turn the camera over here. You will see at development of

:10:20. > :10:25.high rises over there which marks the edge of the Liverpool water's

:10:26. > :10:28.development site. UNESCO say there are plans afoot down there and here

:10:29. > :10:32.is a development of high rises over there which marks the edge of the

:10:33. > :10:37.Liverpool Waters development site. UNESCO say there are planned keeping

:10:38. > :10:41.with the splendour, the grandeur of this area. They want the government

:10:42. > :10:46.to think again and the City Council, think again, or risk losing this

:10:47. > :10:51.World Heritage status in 2018. More later.

:10:52. > :10:58.We'll be back at Wimbledon for the weather with Carol

:10:59. > :11:05.Patients with breast, lung, skin and other cancers could be

:11:06. > :11:07.offered revolutionary new treatments, if plans to build

:11:08. > :11:09.genetic profiles of their tumours go ahead.

:11:10. > :11:11.These new proposals could mean genetic tests would be

:11:12. > :11:13.offered to patients within five years.

:11:14. > :11:15.England's Chief Medical Officer, Professor Dame Sally Davies

:11:16. > :11:18.is behind the plan and joins us from Central London.

:11:19. > :11:30.What are the implications Professor Davies?

:11:31. > :11:39.How would this work? Well, what we know already is that if you look at

:11:40. > :11:45.the whole genome, that is all that DNA that we have in each of our

:11:46. > :11:51.cells and compare that with cancer cells then on 60% or more of cases,

:11:52. > :11:56.two thirds, we see changes in the cancer gene known which tells us

:11:57. > :12:02.something about the best way to treat those patients. Sometimes it

:12:03. > :12:08.says they don't need strong, heavy, nasty treatment. Sometimes they say,

:12:09. > :12:13."There is a treatment here that will work well. Sometimes it says don't

:12:14. > :12:19.go to that treatment, they will get nasty side-effects. Already, our

:12:20. > :12:24.genome project is showing us we can do this and two thirds of patients

:12:25. > :12:27.will benefit. What we need to do now is change how we deliver our

:12:28. > :12:34.services. At the moment, we have genetic services genomics built up

:12:35. > :12:38.where the scientists are and the regional genetic services are. I

:12:39. > :12:42.want to bring science to patients, democratise it and make sure we have

:12:43. > :12:46.a national service so patients everywhere can get access to

:12:47. > :12:50.treatments that will make a difference. I am sure you are aware

:12:51. > :12:54.that whenever we talk about health on this programme, we must talk

:12:55. > :12:59.about cost as well. Part of this mapping process compare with an MRI

:13:00. > :13:05.scan or something like that? Will that be a factor? Cost matters, of

:13:06. > :13:12.course it does. What I am arguing at the moment because of the cottage

:13:13. > :13:16.industry, we are already spending a lot of money and if we nationalise

:13:17. > :13:20.it and won it properly with the best technology, the price will come down

:13:21. > :13:24.so the amount we are spending, we can get a lot more test. Then we

:13:25. > :13:31.will have to make some investments but let's start with making what we

:13:32. > :13:40.are spending effectively. Is at 6- ?700? When we started it, it was

:13:41. > :13:45.?7,000. It has to come down to about ?700. We know that if we had

:13:46. > :13:51.nationalised laboratories, factory laboratories, then new technology a

:13:52. > :13:56.rise, every 18 months- two years, that will bring the price down and

:13:57. > :14:00.make it higher quality and the turnaround faster for patients. We

:14:01. > :14:05.need to bring everything away from a cottage industry and make this a

:14:06. > :14:09.proper science -based service for our patients. When you look at this

:14:10. > :14:15.is mourning and hearing you describe it, it sounds like a brilliant plan,

:14:16. > :14:20.cost-effective -- this morning. What are the stumbling blocks to rolling

:14:21. > :14:25.this out across the United Kingdom? I see you smile. I imagine you have

:14:26. > :14:32.put quite a lot of thought into what. You. Absolutely. First of all,

:14:33. > :14:36.we need our 100,000 genome project to find that out. For instance, what

:14:37. > :14:40.we learned through that project is that ordinary samples from tumours

:14:41. > :14:45.will not give you the DNA. You have got to do fresh, frozen ones. The

:14:46. > :14:48.NHS has already embarked on a massive programme of transformation

:14:49. > :14:53.to get the right samples. We have got to spread that wider. Now we

:14:54. > :14:57.need to move to centralised laboratories and NHS England has

:14:58. > :15:00.already put out some information to the service about wanting to

:15:01. > :15:05.commission nationally. We are steadily moving at we have to

:15:06. > :15:11.confess which is probably why I smiled, that's my own tribe, the

:15:12. > :15:16.doctors, don't like change. We need to patients saying, "Why am I not

:15:17. > :15:20.getting this test? Why are you doing it locally? I want the better,

:15:21. > :15:23.cheaper test done nationally." What you were

:15:24. > :15:30.some viewers might be saying, how do you put pressure on? You have to go

:15:31. > :15:37.to your GP and say, come on, give them a kick up the backside? Not

:15:38. > :15:44.GPs. Doctors, generally. In a cancer service. The other point I want to

:15:45. > :15:50.make, we need patience to understand that many to allow use of that data

:15:51. > :15:54.alongside other patients' data to get the best diagnosis. If they

:15:55. > :15:58.don't want their day to put into the national database and used in that

:15:59. > :16:03.way, that is fine but their own diagnosis would then be based on

:16:04. > :16:09.published data which is always 1-2 years out of date at best. For the

:16:10. > :16:14.best diagnosis, we need these National laboratories. We need

:16:15. > :16:17.patience to agree for their data to be used alongside other patients.

:16:18. > :16:23.That means we have got to really look after that date are carefully.

:16:24. > :16:29.I can reassure you, our genetic database is not only behind the NHS

:16:30. > :16:33.firewall that has even more restrictions so we know everyone who

:16:34. > :16:36.has accessed it and they can only do it with permission and then they

:16:37. > :16:41.will get the best information and the best treatment available.

:16:42. > :16:46.And protection of data, we know, is really important these days.

:16:47. > :16:49.Carol is at Wimbledon with a look at this morning's weather.

:16:50. > :16:56.It strikes me that you must be one of the people who really know

:16:57. > :16:59.Wimbledon extremely well, and how to get from one place to another

:17:00. > :17:04.quickly. And they are getting ready this morning. They certainly are,

:17:05. > :17:10.you are quite right. Good morning. You can see that the ground staff

:17:11. > :17:14.are preparing to take the covers of off court number one but it is a

:17:15. > :17:17.hive of activity at this time of the morning and through the night. The

:17:18. > :17:21.housekeeping staff work through the night ensuring that Wimbledon is

:17:22. > :17:29.speak and span for all of us to come down and enjoy, or of course watch

:17:30. > :17:33.television. -- spick and span. And the sun is beating down. It is

:17:34. > :17:37.lovely warm and you will find that the forecast for Wimbledon today is

:17:38. > :17:41.more cloud than yesterday, but nonetheless that cloud will tend to

:17:42. > :17:45.break up and we will see some sunny spells. Temperatures could get as

:17:46. > :17:49.high as 25 today with light winds. If you are coming down, they're that

:17:50. > :17:53.in mind. For all of us in the next few days it get warmer, or it is

:17:54. > :17:57.going to get hotter. Some parts in the south of England hitting 29 or

:17:58. > :18:01.30 Celsius but this morning it is a pleasant start to the day. Quite a

:18:02. > :18:05.bit of cloud across southern areas, some sunshine, and that cloud here

:18:06. > :18:09.and there is producing the odd bit of patchy, like rain and drizzle. As

:18:10. > :18:13.we head into northern England we run into a band of more persistent rain

:18:14. > :18:16.and that also stretches across southern and central Scotland. It

:18:17. > :18:20.has been a chilly start in northern Scotland, but here we are looking at

:18:21. > :18:23.sunshine and a few showers. The same band of rain affecting northern

:18:24. > :18:28.England affecting Northern Ireland, and some of that will be heavy and

:18:29. > :18:31.persistent as we go through the day. For Wales in south-west England we

:18:32. > :18:35.can't rule out a shower this morning. There is enough cloud, but

:18:36. > :18:38.that will break and brighten up and we will see the sunshine come

:18:39. > :18:41.through. The same holds true as we drift to the west, towards southern

:18:42. > :18:46.counties of England. Through the course of the day that end of rain

:18:47. > :18:49.will remain more or less where it is and it will be heavy and persistent

:18:50. > :18:52.through the course of the day. For northern Scotland, one or two

:18:53. > :18:56.showers and some sunshine but for the rest of England and Wales, the

:18:57. > :19:00.cloud in the west breaks up and there is a chance of a shower in

:19:01. > :19:04.East Anglia and the Midlands this afternoon, hires up to 25 Celsius.

:19:05. > :19:08.Under the rain it will feel cool, and despite the sunshine it will be

:19:09. > :19:13.chilly across the far north of Scotland. Through the evening and

:19:14. > :19:16.overnight that band of rain tends to weaken, become more patchy in nature

:19:17. > :19:21.and there will be heal and coastal fog around it. It will remain dry

:19:22. > :19:25.and the countryside it will be chilly, but the temperatures you can

:19:26. > :19:29.see on screen represent towns and cities. So tomorrow I weather front

:19:30. > :19:33.is still across Northern Ireland, southern Scotland and northern

:19:34. > :19:36.England as a weak feature. Cloudy, with some patchy rain but improving

:19:37. > :19:40.through the day. The rain will tend to fizzle and tomorrow will probably

:19:41. > :19:44.be the sunniest day of the week for most of us. For England and Wales it

:19:45. > :19:46.will be very warm and hot, with temperatures widely from

:19:47. > :19:53.Gloucestershire, Bristol, towards the London area, 28, 29 or 30 but

:19:54. > :19:57.generally speaking we are looking at the low to mid 20s. On Thursday we

:19:58. > :20:01.continue to import some hot air from France. We will likely see some

:20:02. > :20:05.torrential thunderstorms developing. The likely areas for those at

:20:06. > :20:10.England, Wales and southern Scotland. That is as much detail as

:20:11. > :20:14.we can pin on it at the moment, in between there will be lengthy sunny

:20:15. > :20:19.spells and we won't all see those storms. Highs again potentially up

:20:20. > :20:23.to 30. For Scotland and Northern Ireland, some sunshine, but it won't

:20:24. > :20:28.feel as oppressive. It will be rather pleasant, with temperatures

:20:29. > :20:32.that little bit lower. It looks so glorious. The court being unveiled

:20:33. > :20:37.behind Carroll as they make those final preparations. You can watch

:20:38. > :20:43.the Wimbledon coverage on BBC throughout the day.

:20:44. > :20:46.There are calls today for some people who are self-employed

:20:47. > :20:48.to still have the right to the minimum wage.

:20:49. > :20:51.Ben has more on that and the other main business stories.

:20:52. > :20:55.Self-employed people should be entitled to the minimum wage,

:20:56. > :20:57.according to a campaign group this morning.

:20:58. > :20:59.It says 5 million people in the UK are self-employed,

:21:00. > :21:03.but many have their rate of pay decided by the firms they work for.

:21:04. > :21:06.That is often in the so-called gig economy, driving taxis,

:21:07. > :21:14.The research from the Resolution Foundation says around half are earn

:21:15. > :21:19.That would include all those people who now work in the so called gig

:21:20. > :21:22.economy, as taxi driver or couriers, and would give them similar rights

:21:23. > :21:26.The cost of building the new Hinkley Point nuclear power

:21:27. > :21:29.station in Somerset could be ?1.5 billion higher than was estimated.

:21:30. > :21:32.The French energy firm EDF, who are backing the project,

:21:33. > :21:43.also said it could also face delays of around 15 months.

:21:44. > :21:45.The sandwich chain Subway has announced plans to open 500

:21:46. > :21:50.The sandwich firm says it is going to overhaul its menus,

:21:51. > :22:08.I will be talking to Subway's UK boss before 8:00am.

:22:09. > :22:12.It is now just over six weeks since the devastating bomb attack

:22:13. > :22:16.Eight-year-old Saffie Roussos was the youngest of the 22 victims.

:22:17. > :22:19.She went to the Ariana Grande concert with her sister Ashlee

:22:20. > :22:22.and their mum, Lisa, who is still recovering in hospital.

:22:23. > :22:24.Today would have been Saffie's ninth birthday,

:22:25. > :22:27.and to mark the day, her dad, Andrew, and siblings Ashlee

:22:28. > :22:30.and Xander have spoken for the first time to the BBC

:22:31. > :22:45.You couldn't be out with Saffie without having fun.

:22:46. > :22:51.It was her everything, and we bought her the tickets for

:22:52. > :23:00.And she was just counting the days, the seconds, and it was just

:23:01. > :23:04.Ariana Grande till 9:00pm, 10:00pm at night, and she would sing

:23:05. > :23:10.So to see how happy she was, it was just...

:23:11. > :23:17.You were watching her watching Ariana Grande?

:23:18. > :23:25.She said, come on, Ashlee, you promised me you'd get

:23:26. > :23:29.So we had a little dance, and she was just so happy,

:23:30. > :23:39.When did you first become aware there was something wrong?

:23:40. > :23:41.As soon as the blast went off, obviously it was...

:23:42. > :23:49.I don't know how, but I knew what happened.

:23:50. > :23:53.I remember I was thrown to the ground, and then my next

:23:54. > :23:55.instinct, I just sort of rolled over and crawled,

:23:56. > :24:03.Were you aware of where your mum was at the time, where Saffie was?

:24:04. > :24:09.I just saw crowds and crowds of people.

:24:10. > :24:12.For you that night, Andrew, had you come to the arena to collect?

:24:13. > :24:16.We were sitting there for just a few minutes,

:24:17. > :24:20.and didn't hear anything, but just hell broke loose.

:24:21. > :24:23.It was just people, children, screaming, crying.

:24:24. > :24:25.And then, as I turned around the corner, saw

:24:26. > :24:41.A detective that I spoke to in the hospital, he went away

:24:42. > :24:44.and he came back about 12:00am, 12:30am, and told me.

:24:45. > :24:47.And you have all had to cope, haven't you, with Saffie's loss,

:24:48. > :24:52.I mean, she's got that many injuries around her body,

:24:53. > :24:59.There is times when you're sad, and times when you're happy.

:25:00. > :25:14.When she came round, you had to tell her.

:25:15. > :25:19.She looked at me and said to me, Saffie's gone, isn't she?

:25:20. > :25:24.She just looked at me and says she's gone, isn't she?

:25:25. > :25:30.Fourth of July, Saffie's birthday, that is why

:25:31. > :25:37.Yes, we didn't want to just let the birthday pass.

:25:38. > :25:41.I just wanted to celebrate Saffie's birthday, through doing this.

:25:42. > :25:54.We have, we've lost everything, because life will just never

:25:55. > :25:59.It is heartbreaking to watch, isn't it?

:26:00. > :26:02.That was Andrew Roussos and his children Ashlee and Xander,

:26:03. > :26:04.speaking to our reporter Judith Moritz.

:26:05. > :26:08.We would just like to say a big thank you to them all for speaking

:26:09. > :26:16.They wanted to do that interview so that Saffie was remembered on her

:26:17. > :26:17.birthday, as well. Time now to get the news,

:26:18. > :29:33.travel and weather where you are. Plenty more on our website

:29:34. > :29:36.at the usual address. Now, though, it is back

:29:37. > :29:38.to Louise and Dan. Hello, this is Breakfast,

:29:39. > :29:50.with Louise Minchin and Dan Walker. A plan to revolutionise

:29:51. > :29:52.the treatment that cancer patients receive, through individually

:29:53. > :29:55.mapping their DNA, is being proposed by the Chief Medical

:29:56. > :29:57.Officer for England. The proposals would mean millions

:29:58. > :30:00.of patients would have treatments that were directly targetted

:30:01. > :30:17.at the particular strain cost matters, of course it does.

:30:18. > :30:20.What I am arguing is because of the cottage industry way we do these

:30:21. > :30:25.tests, we are roadie spending a lot of money and actually, if we

:30:26. > :30:29.nationalise it and run it properly with the best technology, the price

:30:30. > :30:31.will come down so that amount we are spending, we can get a lot more test

:30:32. > :30:33.and a lot better health for people. The Chancellor says the government

:30:34. > :30:36.must "hold its nerve" - despite some cabinet colleagues

:30:37. > :30:39.calling for an end to the public Speaking in London last night,

:30:40. > :30:42.Philip Hammond said he understood people were "weary"

:30:43. > :30:45.after seven years of austerity but rejected calls to "take

:30:46. > :30:48.the foot off the pedal". A new report warns that nearly

:30:49. > :30:50.700,000 children in England are living in families

:30:51. > :30:52.described as high risk. The report by the

:30:53. > :30:54.Children's Commissioner, Anne Longfield, also says many

:30:55. > :30:56.vulnerable young people struggle with abuse or mental

:30:57. > :30:58.health problems. It concludes that large numbers

:30:59. > :31:01.of children who need help South Korean authorities say

:31:02. > :31:09.North Korea has fired a ballistic missile from its western region -

:31:10. > :31:11.the 11th detected missile South Korean officials say

:31:12. > :31:21.an unidentified rocket was tracked Media in Japan are reporting it

:31:22. > :31:25.landed in Japanese waters. North Korea has increased

:31:26. > :31:28.the frequency of its nuclear and missile tests in recent

:31:29. > :31:34.months raising tensions. Charities that harass donors

:31:35. > :31:37.for cash could be fined up to 25,000 pounds under new rules

:31:38. > :31:39.being introduced this week. The Fundraising Preference Service

:31:40. > :31:41.enables users to stop e-mail, telephone calls and post

:31:42. > :31:44.from charities that are deemed Those who ignore warnings will face

:31:45. > :31:58.sanctions from the regulator. The BBC is to spend an extra 30

:31:59. > :32:02.million on new content for children As the battle for

:32:03. > :32:05.audiences increases, the BBC says more competition

:32:06. > :32:07.from the likes of Facebook and Netflix means it wants to boost

:32:08. > :32:10.it's online presence. It's expected it that

:32:11. > :32:12.will include more video, blogs, vlogs, podcasts,

:32:13. > :32:30.quizzes, games and apps. One small step for man,

:32:31. > :32:36.one giant leap for fried food. History was made after a Hull chip

:32:37. > :32:39.shop delicacy called a pattie The pattie, made from fried mashed

:32:40. > :32:46.potato seasoned with herbs, was sent up 37km -

:32:47. > :32:49.to the edge of the Earth's atmosphere - attached

:32:50. > :32:51.to a weather balloon. It was launched from

:32:52. > :32:53.a site in Sheffield - and after a short flight

:32:54. > :32:56.above the UK it floated back down and landed in a field

:32:57. > :33:11.in Lincolnshire. You are wondering earlier whether it

:33:12. > :33:16.was still edible. I'm wondering if that was my experience of cold chips

:33:17. > :33:29.and other time on this programme. It gets quite cold up there.

:33:30. > :33:41.Good morning, Sally. Good news from yesterday? No cold chips around

:33:42. > :33:47.here, it's all very, very healthy. The tennis players look after their

:33:48. > :33:53.health, I can tell you. Lots of salads, lots of protein, no chips.

:33:54. > :33:57.We have moved around a little bit this morning. I just want to point

:33:58. > :34:01.something out. Eagle eyed viewers might notice some difference on

:34:02. > :34:07.Court number one. That is the start of the nude retractable roof. We

:34:08. > :34:12.know Centre Court has a roof and they are doing this in stages, it

:34:13. > :34:16.will take until 2019 to be able to completely close. There is a bit

:34:17. > :34:20.that is static over there and it will take a considerable amount of

:34:21. > :34:25.time. Also, they have put in some extra seat. Demand for tickets at

:34:26. > :34:29.Wimbledon is so, so high. A great day here, yesterday, the wheeze.

:34:30. > :34:33.Andy Murray came to his first round might absolutely no problem. --

:34:34. > :34:38.Louise. We were worried about his hip problem at P plate be

:34:39. > :34:48.unpredictable Alexander Bublik. -- hip problem and he played. Next he

:34:49. > :34:52.plays Germany's Dustin Brown in round two.

:34:53. > :34:55.The way Dustin plays, he comes to the net a lot,

:34:56. > :34:59.You know, work a bit on my passing shots and lobs and those sorts

:35:00. > :35:02.of things because they will be quite a different match.

:35:03. > :35:06.He's unorthadox as well but he plays a bit more from the net than Sasha.

:35:07. > :35:09.Joining Murray in the second round is Aljaz Bedene.

:35:10. > :35:11.The British number four came through an epic five setter,

:35:12. > :35:15.The match lasting well over four hours - four tie-breakers and 8-6

:35:16. > :35:27.There's been a big upset at the top of the men's draw.

:35:28. > :35:29.Three time Grand Slam winner and world number three

:35:30. > :35:33.He was beaten by 21-year-old Wimbledon debutant Danil Medvedev.

:35:34. > :35:36.The world number 49 is playing in only his third grand slam.

:35:37. > :35:38.A much easier day's work for Johanna Konta.

:35:39. > :35:41.She beat Hsieh Su-Wei in straight sets, avenging her first

:35:42. > :35:47.round defeat at the French Open to the same opponent.

:35:48. > :35:49.And Konta will be joined by Heather Watson.

:35:50. > :35:52.The British number two continued her impressive form,

:35:53. > :35:57.beating Marina Zanevska of Belgium in straight sets.

:35:58. > :36:00.Venus Williams, a five-time winner here, is through to

:36:01. > :36:03.She beat Elise Mertens of Belgium in three sets.

:36:04. > :36:07.Last month Williams was involved in a car crash which left one man

:36:08. > :36:10.dead, and was asked about it in her post match press conference.

:36:11. > :36:13.There are really no words to describe how devastating

:36:14. > :36:21.I am completely speechless and it's just...yeah,

:36:22. > :36:35.Slovakian world champion Peter Sagan won Stage three

:36:36. > :36:38.of the Tour de France, after a 126-mile stage that started

:36:39. > :36:43.Britain's Geraint Thomas finished eighth to keep the leader's yellow

:36:44. > :36:45.jersey and extend his race lead to 12 seconds -

:36:46. > :36:49.ahead of his team leader, Chris Froome, who's up to second

:36:50. > :36:53.Aston Villa have signed former Chelsea and England captain John

:36:54. > :36:55.The 36-year-old defender has signed a one year deal

:36:56. > :37:00.Terry turned down offers for more money to play in the Premier League

:37:01. > :37:04.because he didn't want to play against Chelsea.

:37:05. > :37:13.I spoke about the training ground and the facilities here.

:37:14. > :37:16.When you look back at the history and the players that have been

:37:17. > :37:19.here over the years, the trophies that are behind us

:37:20. > :37:24.It is a big football club and for me deserves to be back

:37:25. > :37:29.in the Premier League and that's the reason I'm here.

:37:30. > :37:41.You might have seen already, we have had some of the biggest gains --

:37:42. > :37:49.names are tennis player are BBC Breakfast game Game Set Mug. We have

:37:50. > :37:55.had Andy Murray. But see how Johanna Konta got along.

:37:56. > :38:02.Morning, everybody, I am delighted to say we are joined Frau BBC

:38:03. > :38:08.breakfast Mug challenge bit British and other one Johanna Konta. You

:38:09. > :38:13.have chat face some challenges in your time. Have you faced anything

:38:14. > :38:19.like this? -- faced some challenges. Game Set Mug. You have 30 seconds. I

:38:20. > :38:23.need every single second. Do you know what your technique will be? I

:38:24. > :38:27.will approach it with as much control as possible. On the arm. I

:38:28. > :38:54.will time you for 30 seconds on my phone. Are you ready? You are

:38:55. > :38:58.halfway through, keep going, keep going. Speed, more speed, faster, go

:38:59. > :39:02.as fast as you can. Just keep trying for subs you have five seconds flat.

:39:03. > :39:11.Johanna Konta you have five, four, three, two, one! Yet! You got it in.

:39:12. > :39:26.Let's have a look at. You ready? Let's not look. 15! No. -48. Two.

:39:27. > :39:37.Banks were being such a great sport. -- thanks for being. It's really

:39:38. > :39:41.quite difficult. Surely have a quick look at our leaderboard so far?

:39:42. > :39:48.Let's see how our tennis players are doing. Andy Murray is way out in

:39:49. > :39:57.front. He got 14. Johanna Konta got to. --2. We are hugely grateful for

:39:58. > :40:02.everybody who is taking part. It is another day at Wimbledon and on

:40:03. > :40:08.Court number three, a really special match today. I'm delighted to say I

:40:09. > :40:17.am joined by Sue Terry. You are Alex Ward's mum. He is playing against

:40:18. > :40:22.Kyle Edmund today. It's a big day for Alex because I guess this is

:40:23. > :40:27.what he has been working for four years. Huge. Well, since he was 16

:40:28. > :40:33.and made the decision he wanted to go to Spain to train and get as good

:40:34. > :40:40.as he could tennis. Compete at this level. How did he get here? He

:40:41. > :40:50.played qualifying. P plate free wallah flying -- he played pre-

:40:51. > :40:55.qualifying. He lost in the tie-break in the third set. He got in as a

:40:56. > :41:01.wildcard into the proper qualifying and then he won three matches and

:41:02. > :41:06.each day I went home and tried to see if he had got through. Maybe

:41:07. > :41:15.tomorrow... We were just, you know, hoping. He went and did it on the

:41:16. > :41:21.Friday, I just can't believe it. I've been at sixes and sevens since,

:41:22. > :41:25.I tell you. And other reason why. I hope you don't mind me telling

:41:26. > :41:36.everybody, your son Alex is playing here at Wimbledon on Sue's 60th

:41:37. > :41:40.birthday. How is that for a birthday present? It is the best birthday

:41:41. > :41:46.present ever. I text that to him when I found out. It's just, it's

:41:47. > :41:50.the icing on the cake, in fact. I have not given to birthday a short

:41:51. > :41:54.since Friday apart from my colleagues at work surprised me with

:41:55. > :41:58.loads of gifts but apart from that, I really haven't thought about it.

:41:59. > :42:03.How marvellous that Ashley book the first three days of Wimbledon, like

:42:04. > :42:08.I do every year, say I can watch everybody, I loved the start of it.

:42:09. > :42:14.--I actually booked. At the back of my mind I think, maybe at Alex is

:42:15. > :42:19.there, I will be able to go along. Surely, as a mother of a player,

:42:20. > :42:27.what specials do you get? Digg it to sit in a box? If it is a show court,

:42:28. > :42:38.yes but otherwise, no. -- do you get to sit in a box. Sue! If you could

:42:39. > :42:51.just get me a ground ticket it's just all part of the experience,

:42:52. > :42:56.isn't it? Alex is dropping well down the 800s, it has to be said. He is

:42:57. > :43:01.playing Kyle Edwards and we wish you a happy birthday. We hope you have

:43:02. > :43:11.wonderful day. Thank you much, thank you. I don't know few have noticed,

:43:12. > :43:20.I have throat. Carol, is the pollen level height? -- high. Yes. For the

:43:21. > :43:25.rest of the UK, it is a low or moderate. I am on Court number one

:43:26. > :43:29.as well and you can see how beautiful it is looking. Ricky is

:43:30. > :43:33.out with his electric lawnmower. It is not as noisy as it has been in

:43:34. > :43:37.previous years at the sun is beating down. Temperatures around 15 at the

:43:38. > :43:42.moment. The forecast Wilbert and today is largely dry. -- the

:43:43. > :43:48.forecast for Wimbledon. There is only a 10% risk of a shower.

:43:49. > :43:52.Yesterday, it was 20% and we did catch one, we were unlucky. You will

:43:53. > :43:55.find the cloud will break throughout the afternoon and you will see sunny

:43:56. > :44:01.spells with intentionally up to 25. For all of us up to the next you

:44:02. > :44:05.days, it will turn warmer and for some, hot. Across southern England,

:44:06. > :44:09.there is some sunshine around but also as a bit of clout. We are also

:44:10. > :44:14.looking at one or two showers here or there they are well scattered --

:44:15. > :44:18.cloud. We have more persistent rain over the north and that extends into

:44:19. > :44:25.central and southern Scotland. Dry out in central Scotland. The

:44:26. > :44:29.Northern Ireland, you are under the same band of rain for northern

:44:30. > :44:33.England so heavy and persistent. Lots of surface spray on the roads

:44:34. > :44:36.this morning from stop the Wales and south-west England, some bright

:44:37. > :44:43.spells and sunshine. That extends eastwards as we head across Dorset

:44:44. > :44:46.into Hampshire and in towards Buckinghamshire as well. As we head

:44:47. > :44:51.on through the course of the day, the heavy, persistent rain remains

:44:52. > :44:55.on and off throughout the day. The cloud will break up later and we

:44:56. > :44:59.will see sunshine but there is the risk of one of two showers across

:45:00. > :45:02.the Midlands and East Anglia but that will be the exception rather

:45:03. > :45:07.than the rule. The highs in the south up to 25. If you are under the

:45:08. > :45:10.band of rain, it will feel cold and if you are further north, even in

:45:11. > :45:14.the sunshine, highs of around the mid-teens so no heatwaves either but

:45:15. > :45:18.pleasant enough. Through this evening and overnight, the weather

:45:19. > :45:22.front producing the rain will tend to weaken. What will happen is we

:45:23. > :45:26.will have patchy light rain and drizzle with coastal fog and hill

:45:27. > :45:29.fog. Either side of that, some clear skies. In rural areas, the

:45:30. > :45:33.temperatures will be lower than the temperatures you see on screen which

:45:34. > :45:35.represents towns and cities. Tomorrow, we start off with the

:45:36. > :45:38.weather front ensconced across southern Ireland and northern

:45:39. > :45:45.England -- Northern Ireland, southern Scotland. It will be a dry

:45:46. > :45:51.day and a sunny one. And a warm one. Temperatures in the north into low

:45:52. > :46:01.meet 20s. England and Wales, into the high 20s. -- low, mid 20s. It

:46:02. > :46:06.will hit 30 Celsius and humid near London. Thursday's forecast is

:46:07. > :46:09.tricky, we are importing hot air from front and that will trigger

:46:10. > :46:13.thunderstorms. We won't all see one, there will be lengthy spells but if

:46:14. > :46:19.you catch one, across England, southern Scotland or Wales, it could

:46:20. > :46:25.be a humdinger with torrential rain coming out of it. The Scotland and

:46:26. > :46:30.Northern Ireland, given half the sunshine but it will feel much more

:46:31. > :46:32.pleasant and less oppressive. We will carry on with high temperatures

:46:33. > :46:44.for the rest of the week. We watch out for the Hunting Act,

:46:45. > :46:46.thank you very much for that. Thank you very much, we shall see you

:46:47. > :46:48.later -- humdinger. You can watch live coverage

:46:49. > :46:52.of Wimbledon from 1:45pm on BBC One, and hear commentary from 11:30am

:46:53. > :46:56.on BBC Radio 5 Live and BBC Radio 5 You can also watch all the coverage

:46:57. > :47:00.from 15 courts across Connected TV, The sandwich chain Subway

:47:01. > :47:12.is planning to open 500 new stores Good morning to you. We are talking

:47:13. > :47:24.about Subway. When it comes to the number

:47:25. > :47:28.of shops, it is bigger than McDonald's, but it is

:47:29. > :47:31.getting even bigger. The firm has wants to open 500

:47:32. > :47:34.new stores over the next three years, creating

:47:35. > :47:36.about 5,000 new jobs. So is it a vote in our high streets,

:47:37. > :47:40.and what does it tell us Peter Dowding is Subway's boss

:47:41. > :47:49.in the UK Ireland. Nice to see you. Good morning. I

:47:50. > :47:53.said a vote of confidence in our high streets but you are all over

:47:54. > :47:57.the place, in all sorts of different locations. You are clearly confident

:47:58. > :48:02.we will have money in our pocket to spend on these things, it is, what,

:48:03. > :48:07.a fiver for a sandwich? Is actually less than that, and we are looking

:48:08. > :48:15.at the entire market of England and Northern Ireland, we have stores in

:48:16. > :48:20.convenience stores, forecourts, and 60% of our stores are on the high

:48:21. > :48:24.street, where consumers want to see us. We are told that wages are not

:48:25. > :48:28.keeping up with inflation and prices are rising on most things at the

:48:29. > :48:31.moment. It means we have less money in our pockets to spend a nice

:48:32. > :48:38.things, a sandwich, rather than making it at home. Do you think we

:48:39. > :48:41.will have that money in our pocket? Yes, we offer an incredibly

:48:42. > :48:46.affordable, fresh, nutritional Sam Mitchell or salad. If you have one

:48:47. > :48:51.of our six inch subs, you will get one of your government recommended

:48:52. > :48:56.five a day, if you have one of our salads, you will get two of your

:48:57. > :49:00.recommended five a day. So you have done your plug, but let's talk about

:49:01. > :49:05.the minimum wage. In the last hour we were speaking to the Resolution

:49:06. > :49:11.Foundation, saying self-employed people need to be on the minimum

:49:12. > :49:15.wage. How do you keep an eye on what your staff working and being I know

:49:16. > :49:19.you have zero hours contracts, even though as you say they are

:49:20. > :49:22.franchises. How do you make sure they are enforced properly? We have

:49:23. > :49:26.contract in place with all our franchisees, and they are required

:49:27. > :49:30.to meet the laws of the land, and that includes appropriate salaries.

:49:31. > :49:33.Not when we talk about our expansion, there is a whole

:49:34. > :49:37.infrastructure behind that that we need to support the business,

:49:38. > :49:42.including the purchasing IPC, which is based in high Wycombe, a company

:49:43. > :49:48.owned by the franchisees, we have 20 regional offices around the country,

:49:49. > :49:52.so we have a massive support network as well. How important is that

:49:53. > :49:58.flexibility when it comes to the workforce? There is no guarantee for

:49:59. > :50:02.workers and it is not a great way to be working, but it allows you to be

:50:03. > :50:06.flexible and allows staff to be flexible. That must be important. It

:50:07. > :50:09.is incredibly important to our franchisees, and it needs to be

:50:10. > :50:13.right for the franchisee and also for the employee, and we have a lot

:50:14. > :50:17.of situations where that model does work. But ultimately our stores need

:50:18. > :50:23.to be open, I think we open at 7am and we close at 10pm, and we need to

:50:24. > :50:27.staff those stores. So zero our contracts don't always work for our

:50:28. > :50:35.franchisees, but it does in some instances -- zero-hour contracts. I

:50:36. > :50:39.know what of your franchisees was named and shamed for not paying the

:50:40. > :50:43.minimum wage, and you had to sort that out. The bigger you get, it is

:50:44. > :50:47.hard to keep an eye on the whole business, how do you make that work?

:50:48. > :50:52.Well, we have 20 offices around the country, a great support network, as

:50:53. > :50:56.the centre of economic and business research recognised in the report

:50:57. > :50:59.they did, and we have field staff which visit the stores on a weekly

:51:00. > :51:06.and monthly basis and support the franchisees. That is how I see my

:51:07. > :51:09.job, supporting over 900 individual business entrepreneurs across the

:51:10. > :51:12.country in developing their businesses. Let's talk about

:51:13. > :51:15.healthier eating, and you talk about some of the recommended daily

:51:16. > :51:19.allowances, but let's talk about what it means about a change in

:51:20. > :51:23.habits, because more of us are now looking for a healthier option when

:51:24. > :51:27.we are on the move, and that is a big part of your policy at the

:51:28. > :51:31.moment, is trying to cut sugar as well. Yes, it is. People are very

:51:32. > :51:35.concerned about not only what they are putting in their bodies but also

:51:36. > :51:39.where the food is coming from. So the consumer is incredibly informed,

:51:40. > :51:42.and one of the things that we have done recently in conjunction with

:51:43. > :51:47.NHS England is we have moved all our sugar drinks from hospitals, for

:51:48. > :51:50.example, our 12 hospital sites. And nutritional value is very important

:51:51. > :51:54.when we look at new product development. And moving forward, we

:51:55. > :51:59.are looking at everything we do, that we bring to the market, which

:52:00. > :52:06.is going to sit within those 2020 guidelines. Before we go, favourite

:52:07. > :52:11.sandwich? IMacs are going to change, because I am loving the salads at

:52:12. > :52:17.the moment, two of my five a day. So the sandwich chain boss is not

:52:18. > :52:21.having a sandwich? No, I'm having a salad. Very insightful, thank you

:52:22. > :52:24.very much. Some of the world's brightest minds

:52:25. > :52:28.are gathering in London today to showcase the best of British

:52:29. > :52:30.scientific achievement. They're down at the annual

:52:31. > :52:32.Royal Society Summer Science Exhibition, which opens

:52:33. > :52:34.to the public later this morning. Breakfasts Tim Muffett's

:52:35. > :52:48.there for us now. I think you are talking about DNA

:52:49. > :52:53.folding, is that right? You have got it, how did you know that? Very

:52:54. > :52:56.impressive. A team from the University of Oxford using virtual

:52:57. > :53:00.reality to see whether and how it is possible to fold DNA. One of the

:53:01. > :53:07.many exhibits at the Royal Society summer science exhibition. Let's

:53:08. > :53:12.have a quick chat. What have you been doing? We have been detecting

:53:13. > :53:19.gravitational waves from colliding black holes. We can turn the pattern

:53:20. > :53:26.that we detect into this sound. What is that? That is the sound of rebels

:53:27. > :53:32.in space-time predicted 100 years ago by Einstein, only detected for

:53:33. > :53:39.the first time in 2015. Can we hear that one more time? Well, amazing,

:53:40. > :53:44.short but sweet. It have a walk down here and chat to Russell Foster, a

:53:45. > :53:48.fellow of the Royal Society. This is really historical, isn't it? What

:53:49. > :53:53.are the origins of the society? They go back to the 16 60s, and our

:53:54. > :53:57.message is really to promote science at every level and take nothing for

:53:58. > :54:01.granted. Evidence -based science, this is the origins of the modern

:54:02. > :54:05.scientific method, and it was really developed by the Fellowship at the

:54:06. > :54:09.time. In the summer science exhibition is essentially allowing

:54:10. > :54:13.scientists to get together, but also getting that information out to the

:54:14. > :54:17.broader public. And really we want people to come here. Tonight, for

:54:18. > :54:22.example, we don't close until 9pm, we are open until 6pm at the

:54:23. > :54:26.weekend, so please come and see this extraordinary science going on here.

:54:27. > :54:30.Thank you very much indeed, let's have a look at this extraordinary

:54:31. > :54:35.science. What are you doing here? We are demonstrating one of the

:54:36. > :54:40.techniques which is part of the NPL grand challenge, a surgical

:54:41. > :54:44.technique for detecting cancer. So this allows people to detect

:54:45. > :54:50.cancerous tissue as opposed to other tissue. Yes, allowing better

:54:51. > :54:54.outcomes for surgery, so we have a laparoscopy tool here, demonstrating

:54:55. > :55:01.what surgery is like for people. And you are from the National physical

:55:02. > :55:06.laboratory. Why is this important? So we are developing a Google Earth

:55:07. > :55:11.Lake view of the tumour, so we can map from the organ scale, right down

:55:12. > :55:14.to an individual sell, so we can make better diagnosis and treatment.

:55:15. > :55:20.This is part of the Cancer Research UK grand challenge ambition, so that

:55:21. > :55:24.three out of every five people will survive cancer in the future. We

:55:25. > :55:28.heard calls for there to be a national gene are mapping project,

:55:29. > :55:31.what do you make of that? I think this is absolutely right, because

:55:32. > :55:35.the genetics are key to how cancer works. And this is all about making

:55:36. > :55:41.sure that the therapies and diagnosis are much, much better in

:55:42. > :55:45.the future. Before we go, have a look at this team from Cardiff

:55:46. > :55:50.University, who are investigating renewable energy. How is it going?

:55:51. > :55:54.It is going very well. We are generating some hydrogen, and when

:55:55. > :56:04.we flicked the switch as we can actually power these cars. And the

:56:05. > :56:10.blue is in front! I remember very well when we powered them with our

:56:11. > :56:24.minds! You are very effective, mine did not move a muscle.

:56:25. > :56:30.We have a question for you. The question is what if women ruled the

:56:31. > :56:34.world. The reason we are asking is because there is a new play, and it

:56:35. > :56:40.is posing that question. Five women in a war room trying to sort out the

:56:41. > :56:45.problems of society, and that is their question. Loads of suggestions

:56:46. > :56:51.coming in, many of them we can't read out, for obvious reasons. You

:56:52. > :56:55.ask these questions, and you get some not so serious answers.

:56:56. > :57:06.Everything would be organised, says Hanna, if a little tense, with a

:57:07. > :57:12.definite emphasis on the sector and strawberries around Wimbledon. If

:57:13. > :57:17.there was a quality or the world was run by women, why would it be

:57:18. > :57:21.impossible to imagine, I don't believe we would be in the same mess

:57:22. > :57:23.we are today. Our world is in desperate need of a new vision. Your

:57:24. > :57:23.thoughts welcome. Time now to get the news,

:57:24. > :00:43.travel and weather where you are. Hello, this is Breakfast,

:00:44. > :01:21.with Louise Minchin and Dan Walker. A plan for a revolution in cancer

:01:22. > :01:24.care using gene tests. The mapping of DNA could mean

:01:25. > :01:26.tailor-made treatments for millions We hear from the family

:01:27. > :01:50.of Saffie Roussos - the youngest victim

:01:51. > :01:53.of the Manchester Arena bombing. They're speaking for the first time

:01:54. > :02:08.about their loss on what would have We didn't just want to let her

:02:09. > :02:12.birthday pass. Saffie loved the lifelike. I wanted to celebrate

:02:13. > :02:14.Saffie's birthday through doing this. -- she loved the limelight.

:02:15. > :02:18.donors could face fines of up to ?25,000 - we'll speak

:02:19. > :02:28.Nearly 5 million people are self-employed, but they don't

:02:29. > :02:33.automatically get the minimum wage. But could that be about to change? I

:02:34. > :02:34.will look at what it could mean for workers.

:02:35. > :02:36.Liverpool's waterfront is famous around the world,

:02:37. > :02:41.but could it be about to lose its World Heritage status?

:02:42. > :02:59.We were worried about Andy Murray yesterday, but he came through that

:03:00. > :03:04.first match with no problem. What will it be like for Djokovic and

:03:05. > :03:09.Federer today? Samak it should be dry, because there is only a 10%

:03:10. > :03:13.risk of a shower at Wimbledon and it will be warm as well. For the UK as

:03:14. > :03:20.a whole, there is a lot of dry weather around. We will also see

:03:21. > :03:25.Thongchai. The exogenous Northern Ireland and northern England, where

:03:26. > :03:27.we have heavy and persistent rain -- we will also see sunshine.

:03:28. > :03:34.A plan to revolutionise the treatment that cancer patients

:03:35. > :03:36.receive through individually mapping their DNA is being proposed

:03:37. > :03:37.by the Chief Medical Officer for England.

:03:38. > :03:40.The proposals would mean millions of patients would have treatments

:03:41. > :03:42.that were directly targeted at the particular strain

:03:43. > :03:44.Our medical correspondent Fergus Walsh reports.

:03:45. > :03:48.More than 30,000 NHS patients, mostly with cancer or rare diseases,

:03:49. > :03:53.have had their entire genetic code mapped.

:03:54. > :03:58.Some patients with breast, lung, skin and other cancers are having

:03:59. > :04:00.the genetic profile of their tumours analysed to determine

:04:01. > :04:10.which is the best treatment for them.

:04:11. > :04:13.But Dame Sally Davies told me genome testing needs to be turned

:04:14. > :04:15.from a cottage industry into a national network

:04:16. > :04:25.Cost matters. Of course it does. But because of the cottage industry way

:04:26. > :04:28.we do these tests, we are already spending a lot of money and

:04:29. > :04:32.actually, if we nationalise it and run it properly with the best

:04:33. > :04:36.technology, the price will come down so that for the amount we are

:04:37. > :04:41.spending, we can get better tests and better help for people. Dame

:04:42. > :04:45.Sally says six in ten cancer patients who get Dean tested receive

:04:46. > :04:50.personalised treatment based on their DNA profile, and that

:04:51. > :04:55.proportion will rise. It costs ?680 to map a person's entire genetic

:04:56. > :04:59.code, but it's getting cheaper every few months. In some cases, DNA

:05:00. > :05:05.mapping can be cheaper than existing tests or avoid the need for invasive

:05:06. > :05:12.biopsies. This report is an attempt to democratise genomics, moving DNA

:05:13. > :05:17.analysis into the mainstream of the NHS so that more patients can

:05:18. > :05:24.benefit from personalised targeted treatments.

:05:25. > :05:26.After days of pressure from some Cabinet ministers to lift the 1%

:05:27. > :05:28.public sector pay cap, Philip Hammond has said

:05:29. > :05:33.he would continue to assess the balance between being fair

:05:34. > :05:36.to public servants and the taxpayers who fund their wages.

:05:37. > :05:37.Our political correspondent Chris Mason joins us

:05:38. > :05:51.So a growing number of ministers are pushing back against Mr Hammond, but

:05:52. > :05:54.he is standing firm? He is. This is an interesting intervention from

:05:55. > :05:59.Philip Hammond last night, saying that yes, people are weary of the

:06:00. > :06:03.hard slog, as as he put it, of the cutbacks there have been since the

:06:04. > :06:07.financial crisis. But he said there had to be a balance between paying

:06:08. > :06:12.public servants fairly, but ensuring that the government was also fair to

:06:13. > :06:20.taxpayers who pay their wages. In case you had not noticed, politics

:06:21. > :06:23.is a bit topsy-turvy at the moment. I almost lost count yesterday of the

:06:24. > :06:29.number of Cabinet ministers who were publicly saying that a government

:06:30. > :06:33.policy should be ditched. I run out of fingers on one hand. Six of them

:06:34. > :06:38.in total. It was as if the Cabinet table had been set up in the street

:06:39. > :06:41.and anyone wandering past could hear what are normally meant to be

:06:42. > :06:47.private discussions. But these are not normal times, so this whole

:06:48. > :06:52.thing has been going on publicly. Here are a few words for you this

:06:53. > :06:56.morning. Ganging up, ludicrous, shambles. Those are the descriptions

:06:57. > :07:01.of three former Chancellor 's, describing the situation that Philip

:07:02. > :07:06.Hammond finds himself in now. Two of those three are former Conservative

:07:07. > :07:10.chancellors. Gives you some sense of where politics is at the moment. But

:07:11. > :07:16.the big question is what will happen to that 1% public sector pay cap. I

:07:17. > :07:22.am still not quite sure. I think it will probably go, but not

:07:23. > :07:25.necessarily straightaway. Thank you for clearing that up.

:07:26. > :07:27.Eight-year-old Saffie Roussos was the youngest of the 22 victims

:07:28. > :07:32.She went to the Ariana Grande concert with her sister Ashlee

:07:33. > :07:35.and their mum Lisa, who is still recovering in hospital.

:07:36. > :07:37.Today would have been Saffie's ninth birthday,

:07:38. > :07:41.and her family are determined to celebrate it.

:07:42. > :07:44.Speaking for the first time to the BBC, Saffie's dad Andrew told

:07:45. > :07:46.of his daughter's ambitions, and how the tragedy has

:07:47. > :07:57.She wanted top magazines, front page.

:07:58. > :08:01.What Ariana Grande's got now, that's what she wanted,

:08:02. > :08:06.If she'd had her life to live, that's what she would aim for.

:08:07. > :08:09.A lot of the papers had her picture on the front page and everybody said

:08:10. > :08:15.But again, knowing Saffie used to make me smile,

:08:16. > :08:24.For the wrong reasons, but at the same time, you know,

:08:25. > :08:28.We didn't want to just let her birthday pass.

:08:29. > :08:36.I just wanted to celebrate Saffie's birthday through doing this.

:08:37. > :09:02.Thank you to the families are sharing that on what would have been

:09:03. > :09:05.Saffie's ninth birthday. There is more of the interview available on

:09:06. > :09:06.Facebook, Twitter and the BBC website.

:09:07. > :09:08.A new report warns that nearly 700,000 children in England

:09:09. > :09:11.are living in families described as "high risk".

:09:12. > :09:13.The report by the Children's Commissioner, Anne Longfield,

:09:14. > :09:15.also says many vulnerable young people struggle with abuse

:09:16. > :09:20.It concludes that large numbers of children who need help

:09:21. > :09:27.Three weeks after the disaster at Grenfell Tower, the local council,

:09:28. > :09:29.Kensington and Chelsea, has elected a new leader.

:09:30. > :09:30.Councillor Elizabeth Campbell replaces Nicholas Paget-Brown,

:09:31. > :09:33.who resigned following criticism over the authority's

:09:34. > :09:49.The first thing I want to do is apologise. This is our community,

:09:50. > :09:53.and we have failed it when people need to dust the most. No buts, no

:09:54. > :09:57.ifs, no excuses. I am truly sorry. South Korean authorities say

:09:58. > :09:59.North Korea has fired a ballistic missile from its western region -

:10:00. > :10:02.the 11th detected missile South Korean officials say

:10:03. > :10:09.an unidentified rocket was tracked Media in Japan are reporting it

:10:10. > :10:12.landed in Japanese waters. North Korea has increased

:10:13. > :10:14.the frequency of its nuclear and missile tests in recent

:10:15. > :10:23.months, raising tensions. The BBC is to spend

:10:24. > :10:28.an extra ?30 million on new content for children over

:10:29. > :10:30.the next three years. As the battle for audiences

:10:31. > :10:33.increases, the BBC says more competition from the likes

:10:34. > :10:35.of Facebook and Netflix means it It's expected that it

:10:36. > :10:40.will include more video, blogs, vlogs, podcasts,

:10:41. > :10:45.quizzes, games and apps. Strictly Come Dancing judge

:10:46. > :10:48.Craig Revel Horwood is calling for the number of votes that each

:10:49. > :10:57.couple receives to be made public. His comments follow accusations

:10:58. > :10:59.that the competition was fixed to ensure former contestant,

:11:00. > :11:03.Ed Balls, didn't reach the final. It was back in 2015

:11:04. > :11:09.when 92-year-old Olive Cooke, one of Britain's oldest

:11:10. > :11:12.and longest-serving poppy sellers, was reported to have received up

:11:13. > :11:15.to 267 letters and calls After heavy scrutiny of how

:11:16. > :11:21.the sector operates, fundraisers that pester donors

:11:22. > :11:24.for money could now face fines of up to ?25,000 under new rules to be

:11:25. > :11:27.introduced this week. Joining us now from our London

:11:28. > :11:29.newsroom is Lord Grade, Chairman of the Fundraising

:11:30. > :11:39.Regulator. Let's start with that particular

:11:40. > :11:42.case, because it really lifted the lid on what was going on. Is that

:11:43. > :11:48.sort of aggressive fund-raising still happening, and how are you

:11:49. > :11:54.stopping it? Well, we think there are still a number of historic cases

:11:55. > :12:01.to be cleaned out. We are getting a lot of complaints to the fundraising

:12:02. > :12:07.regulator. But I am hoping the steps that the government and parliament

:12:08. > :12:15.have taken will impress on charities that the end does not always justify

:12:16. > :12:18.the means and that they have to respect data protection laws. They

:12:19. > :12:23.have to respect the goodwill of the generous British public. There is

:12:24. > :12:28.this threat of a fine now. I understand it could be ?25,000. At

:12:29. > :12:33.what point would you choose define a charity? We don't actually have

:12:34. > :12:38.powers to fine, but if a charity refuses to comply with a member of

:12:39. > :12:45.the public's request not to be pestered by the charity, we will

:12:46. > :12:50.refer it to the information Commissioner's office and they have

:12:51. > :12:54.the powers to fine and deal with it because it is unlawful. ?25,000, is

:12:55. > :13:00.that enough to stop charities that are doing this? That is a matter for

:13:01. > :13:04.the information Commissioner's office. It depends how serious and

:13:05. > :13:14.repeated the abuse is. They have the power to levy the fine. The 25,000

:13:15. > :13:18.figure is based on a recent case, but the ICO has a degree of

:13:19. > :13:21.discretion. Do you think there is a breakdown of trust between the

:13:22. > :13:27.public and charities, given that we know what happened in that case of

:13:28. > :13:29.Olive Cooke? That is a sweeping generalisation. We do not want to be

:13:30. > :13:33.in the position of stopping charities from raising money for

:13:34. > :13:40.good causes that the nation depends on. But there are bad practices. The

:13:41. > :13:45.end does not always justify the means. There are strict data loss.

:13:46. > :13:50.People are not just pestered by charities, but they are pestered in

:13:51. > :13:52.all kinds of ways today, and charities have a responsibility.

:13:53. > :13:57.Otherwise, they will erode the goodwill of the British public. You

:13:58. > :14:02.mentioned that there may be historic cases. Can you indicate how many

:14:03. > :14:11.there are and what is being done for these people? We look at every case

:14:12. > :14:19.as it comes in and try to settle it with the charity. If the charity

:14:20. > :14:23.admit its mistakes, that is fine. If not, we issue a notice and we can

:14:24. > :14:28.ultimately referred and to the Charity Commission if they are

:14:29. > :14:32.continually behaving badly. But the Charity Commission is also keen to

:14:33. > :14:36.impress on trustees of charities, however big or small, that they have

:14:37. > :14:39.a responsibility to the donor public and they have to see that their

:14:40. > :14:46.fundraising is fair, ethical and respectful of privacy. I understand

:14:47. > :14:51.there will be a new fundraising preference service. The FPS, yes. We

:14:52. > :14:54.laud it shortly and people can go online or make a phone call and they

:14:55. > :14:59.can decide which charities they want to hear from and which they don't.

:15:00. > :15:06.If they don't want to hear from anybody, they can do that as well.

:15:07. > :15:12.It is a simple system and we will launch it in a week or so. We will

:15:13. > :15:18.see how the public is using it. I think it will be hugely valued.

:15:19. > :15:26.How do you do it? You can do it online, make a telephone call. It is

:15:27. > :15:31.simple to use and hopefully will be very effective and the charities

:15:32. > :15:36.concerned will be notified. Yes, the donor does want to hear from them,

:15:37. > :15:43.or no, they do not want to hear from you, or everybody. It puts the

:15:44. > :15:46.public at the centre of the decision about what charities they want to

:15:47. > :15:50.hear from. Thank you for your time this morning. We have been at

:15:51. > :15:59.Wimbledon for the last two days. Andy Morrell gully Murray and

:16:00. > :16:03.Johanna Konta won yesterday -- Andy Murray. So much information behind

:16:04. > :16:10.you, Carol. Good morning. This is where later on

:16:11. > :16:15.today, in the next ten minutes, the order of play for today will be put

:16:16. > :16:19.up. Someone is changing them further up this street. Look out the lines

:16:20. > :16:25.get fewer and further between as we move along. On this particular

:16:26. > :16:29.board, second last column has two lines, this will eventually indicate

:16:30. > :16:33.who is in the semifinal of the ladies singles, the one line, the

:16:34. > :16:39.final. We are a wee bit away from that. The weather today is rather

:16:40. > :16:45.lovely. Warm already. The forecast for Wimbledon today is dry more or

:16:46. > :16:51.less. Only a 10% risk of a shower. Yesterday, 20% risk and we got one.

:16:52. > :16:54.Very unlucky. More cloud today but by the afternoon, it should be

:16:55. > :16:59.breaking with sunny spells coming through and we could get highs today

:17:00. > :17:04.of 25. For the UK as a whole, for the next few days, it will turn much

:17:05. > :17:09.milder, warmer and hotter, depending on which end of the country you are

:17:10. > :17:14.in. This morning in the south of England, a fair bit of cloud, the

:17:15. > :17:24.odd spot of rain. Equally, there is sunshine. That prevails until we get

:17:25. > :17:26.the northern England, central and southern Scotland and Northern

:17:27. > :17:28.Ireland. We have a weather front producing some heavy and persistent

:17:29. > :17:31.rain and will continue to do so through the day. Wales and

:17:32. > :17:38.south-west England, a bright start, cloud around, the odd spot of

:17:39. > :17:43.drizzle or shower. Well scattered. Drifting from the likes of Bristol

:17:44. > :17:46.over towards Buckinghamshire, a fair bit of cloud this morning, but that

:17:47. > :17:52.will tend to break up through the day. Where we have got cloud, we

:17:53. > :17:57.will see an improvement, brightening up, sunshine. The odd shower in the

:17:58. > :18:01.Midlands and also East Anglia. For more than Scotland, sunshine with

:18:02. > :18:04.the odd shower in the north. The band of rain remains ensconced

:18:05. > :18:12.across central swathes of the UK. Under that, chilly. As we come

:18:13. > :18:17.farther south, highs up to 25. Through this evening and overnight,

:18:18. > :18:22.the weather front will be in the same area but it would weaken, the

:18:23. > :18:26.rain will turn lighter and more patchy. And it will start to fizzle

:18:27. > :18:32.out. Clear skies around as well. Coastal and hill fog. Temperatures

:18:33. > :18:37.in towns and cities, double figures. A little lower in the countryside.

:18:38. > :18:39.Tomorrow we start with the rain band across Northern Ireland, central and

:18:40. > :18:44.southern Scotland and northern England. By the afternoon, it will

:18:45. > :18:49.be gone, breaking up. Most of us will have a sunny day tomorrow. In

:18:50. > :18:55.the northern half of the UK, lower the mid-20s. Southern half, most of

:18:56. > :19:00.England and Wales, mid-to high 20s. Southeast, we could hit 30.

:19:01. > :19:03.Thursday, another hot and humid day as we pump up some more hot air from

:19:04. > :19:10.France. That will trigger thunderstorms. They again will be

:19:11. > :19:14.hit and miss. The likely areas are England, Wales and southern

:19:15. > :19:17.Scotland. If you catch one, it will be torrential. There will be lengthy

:19:18. > :19:23.sunny spells in between. For the rest of Scotland and Northern

:19:24. > :19:27.Ireland, not as impressive. There will be sunshine. Temperatures still

:19:28. > :19:31.pretty healthy. Looking lovely here this morning.

:19:32. > :19:34.It looks absolutely lovely. What a lot of work someone has to do to

:19:35. > :19:38.sort out that behind you! Everything is very precise that

:19:39. > :19:44.Wimbledon of course. There are calls today for some

:19:45. > :19:46.people who are self-employed to have the right to be

:19:47. > :19:49.paid the minimum wage. Ben has more on that and the other

:19:50. > :19:56.main business stories. We would not lead the ladder -- need

:19:57. > :19:58.the ladder! We are talking about self-employed people.

:19:59. > :20:00.Some self employed people should be entitled to the minimum wage -

:20:01. > :20:02.according to a campaign group this morning.

:20:03. > :20:05.It says 5 million people in the UK are self employed but many don't

:20:06. > :20:09.That's often because they work in the so-called gig economy -

:20:10. > :20:16.driving taxis, delivering food or doing odd jobs.

:20:17. > :20:18.The research from the Resolution Foundation says

:20:19. > :20:22.around half are earning less than ?300 a week.

:20:23. > :20:31.The cost of building the new Hinkley Point nuclear power

:20:32. > :20:36.station in Somerset could cost ?1.5 billion more than planned

:20:37. > :20:43.The French energy firm, EDF, that's building

:20:44. > :20:46.has been hit with a series of problems related

:20:47. > :20:48.to the technology it's using and criticism that consumers

:20:49. > :20:51.will be forced to pay higher prices for the electricity it generates.

:20:52. > :20:53.Supermarket giant Sainsbury's says first quarter like-for-like sales,

:20:54. > :20:56.including at Argos that it bought last year, aer up 2.3%.

:20:57. > :20:58.It warned that the market remains competitive and continues

:20:59. > :21:02.Chief executive Mike Coupe said the warm weather had

:21:03. > :21:10.You are up to date. I will see you very soon.

:21:11. > :21:13.Thank you. It currently ranks

:21:14. > :21:16.alongside Stonehenge and the Egyptian pyramids,

:21:17. > :21:18.but the city of Liverpool could lose its Unesco World Heritage

:21:19. > :21:21.status over concerns that planned skyscrapers will ruin

:21:22. > :21:22.its historic waterfront. The city was awarded the status

:21:23. > :21:26.in 2004 in recognition of its role as a major trade centre,

:21:27. > :21:29.but if removed, Liverpool would become only the second city

:21:30. > :21:48.to be deleted from the list. Good morning. We have a roof with a

:21:49. > :21:52.view this morning. Take a look around, this is part of the

:21:53. > :21:59.wonderful three Graces you see over my shoulder. What does this place

:22:00. > :22:02.have in common with Aleppo and Palmyra in Syria? The answer is

:22:03. > :22:08.this. They have been given world heritage status by Unesco and yet

:22:09. > :22:14.they are all on Unesco's endangered list. Those places far away because

:22:15. > :22:18.of war, but this place, Unesco says, because of regeneration. The council

:22:19. > :22:29.says they cannot allow heritage to be stifled... To stifle jobs and

:22:30. > :22:30.investment. Unesco believe this place should be protected. Have a

:22:31. > :22:34.look at this. This is a skyline which

:22:35. > :22:35.commands superlatives. You have seen our

:22:36. > :22:37.architecture down here? We have literally been here five

:22:38. > :22:45.minutes and it's fantastic. We're just going, "Wow,

:22:46. > :22:47.look at that building! It isn't just gorgeous,

:22:48. > :22:55.it's Unesco endorsed gorgeousness, That's why this waterfront has had

:22:56. > :23:02.Unesco World Heritage status But a stone's throw away

:23:03. > :23:12.is something which could ruin What's proposed for either side

:23:13. > :23:17.of this famous dock wall is a development worth ?5 billion

:23:18. > :23:23.over 30 years, covering just over half a square kilometre,

:23:24. > :23:25.but which Unesco believes is so far from gorgeous, it could cost

:23:26. > :23:32.Liverpool its World Heritage status. The Liverpool Waters

:23:33. > :23:35.plans from developers Peel Holdings are all

:23:36. > :23:43.about transforming the skyline. New offices, bars and a stadium,

:23:44. > :23:45.new housing, high-rises. Yesterday, these Unesco

:23:46. > :23:49.representatives gathered in Poland to look at a list of sites in danger

:23:50. > :23:55.of losing their status. They will set Liverpool a deadline -

:23:56. > :23:58.take control of the Liverpool Waters It matters to Unesco,

:23:59. > :24:03.but the city is divided over I want to keep the status,

:24:04. > :24:10.but if keeping the plaque risks the investment and the jobs

:24:11. > :24:15.and the houses, the place and the people came before

:24:16. > :24:17.the plaque and they should stay We are a city of museums, but we

:24:18. > :24:25.don't want the city to be a museum. People like me, if I speak up, I am

:24:26. > :24:29.told I want to fossilise Liverpool, I'm trying to museum-ify

:24:30. > :24:32.Liverpool, whatever. No, I want Liverpool to develop

:24:33. > :24:37.in the future as well, with the same type of aesthetics

:24:38. > :24:39.that are there with The once grand past of Palmyra

:24:40. > :24:43.will also be considered Along with many other historic sites

:24:44. > :24:51.which are victims of war. Liverpool, though, is considered

:24:52. > :24:53.a potential victim of regeneration The council says regeneration

:24:54. > :24:58.and conservation can If Unesco disagrees,

:24:59. > :25:05.the city could be the second only heritage site to be stripped

:25:06. > :25:18.of its status. Let us have a closer look at the

:25:19. > :25:23.area. Just a stone's throw away. You see some of the high-rise flats,

:25:24. > :25:30.just beyond there, Liverpool waters. Let me show you, and image they

:25:31. > :25:34.created. Have a look, here are the three Graces, and the little

:25:35. > :25:40.restaurant rooftop terrace where we are and this is Liverpool Waters. A

:25:41. > :25:44.new cruise line terminal. This is the new planned Everton stadium.

:25:45. > :25:51.Unesco says this is too big. They also say some of the buildings are

:25:52. > :25:55.too tall. They say this is not in keeping with what is already here.

:25:56. > :26:01.And they think it should be fought for. What the development over there

:26:02. > :26:04.was unusual was the scale was huge but it was never called in by

:26:05. > :26:09.government, it was never scrutinised, the developers have 30

:26:10. > :26:14.years, basically, to do what ever they want. Unesco say the council,

:26:15. > :26:19.the Government, they have to take control of these plans or risk

:26:20. > :26:24.losing the calling card. The calling card saying that this place is

:26:25. > :26:27.special and worth visiting. We will find out in 2018.

:26:28. > :26:30.Back to you. We will just have to wait.

:26:31. > :26:35.Thank you. It is a gorgeous waterfront. I love swimming there.

:26:36. > :26:42.Strange thing to say, but I have done triathlons. Wonderful place.

:26:43. > :26:45.Coming up, Business Live. On Breakfast, we will be back at

:26:46. > :26:53.Wimbledon to preview day two with Sally. Roger Federer, Novak

:26:54. > :26:57.Djokovic, Angelique Kerber to look forward to. Can I text you to ask

:26:58. > :27:03.what is on? I have it all memorised. 11:30am,

:27:04. > :27:07.Court Three, two Brits. Personal service! Time now to get

:27:08. > :30:27.the news, travel and weather where you are.

:30:28. > :30:39.I will be back with a final update at around nine o'clock. Bye bye.

:30:40. > :30:44.Hello this is Breakfast, with Louise Minchin and Dan Walker.

:30:45. > :30:48.A plan to revolutionise the treatment that cancer patients

:30:49. > :30:50.receive, through individually mapping their DNA, is being proposed

:30:51. > :30:52.by the Chief Medical Officer for England.

:30:53. > :30:54.The proposals would mean millions of patients would have treatments

:30:55. > :30:56.that were directly targeted at the particular strain

:30:57. > :31:02.The cost of mapping has also been factored in.

:31:03. > :31:08.Cost matters of course but what I am arguing is that because of the

:31:09. > :31:12.cottage industry way we do these tests we are already spending a lot

:31:13. > :31:15.of money and if we nationalise it and run it properly with the best

:31:16. > :31:21.technology the price will come down and soak with the amount we are

:31:22. > :31:25.spending we can get a lot more tests and a lot better health for people.

:31:26. > :31:29.The Chancellor says the government must "hold its nerve" -

:31:30. > :31:31.despite some Cabinet colleagues calling for an end to

:31:32. > :31:35.Speaking in London last night, Philip Hammond said he understood

:31:36. > :31:37.people were "weary" after seven years of austerity but

:31:38. > :31:39.rejected calls to "take the foot off the pedal".

:31:40. > :31:41.South Korean authorities say North Korea has fired a ballistic

:31:42. > :31:43.missile from its western region, the 11th detected missile

:31:44. > :31:47.In the last half-hour, North Korean state television

:31:48. > :31:54.announced it launched an intercontinental missile.

:31:55. > :31:56.Media in Japan are reporting that that missile landed

:31:57. > :32:00.North Korea has increased the frequency of its nuclear

:32:01. > :32:06.and missile tests in recent months, which has been raising

:32:07. > :32:19.Charities that harass donors for cash could be fined up

:32:20. > :32:21.to ?25,000 under new rules being introduced this week.

:32:22. > :32:23.The Fundraising Preference Service enables users to stop email,

:32:24. > :32:25.telephone calls and post from charities that are deemed

:32:26. > :32:29.Those who ignore warnings will face sanctions from the regulator.

:32:30. > :32:33.Lord grade encouraged the public to report their concerns.

:32:34. > :32:43.You can do it online megaphone call, it's very simple and hopefully it

:32:44. > :32:46.will be effective because charities will be notified, yes, the donor

:32:47. > :32:50.wants to hear from them or they don't want to hear from you or they

:32:51. > :32:55.don't want to hear from anyone, it puts the public at the centre about

:32:56. > :32:59.the decisions which charities they want to hear from.

:33:00. > :33:01.Strictly Come Dancing judge Craig Revel Horwood is calling

:33:02. > :33:04.for the number of votes that each couple receives to be made public.

:33:05. > :33:07.His comments follow accusations that the competition was fixed

:33:08. > :33:09.to ensure former contestant Ed Balls didn't reach the final.

:33:10. > :33:12.Currently, the audience only finds out which two couples received

:33:13. > :33:14.the lowest number of votes - and never reveals who has

:33:15. > :33:27.That is an interesting idea. We have no response from the BBC. Do you

:33:28. > :33:28.think Craig has gone rogue? Let's see what happens.

:33:29. > :33:32.Victoria Derbyshire is on at 9 o'clock this morning on BBC2.

:33:33. > :33:38.This is what she's got on the programme.

:33:39. > :33:44.We all know about air B and B and its success as a property letting

:33:45. > :33:50.website, what happens when it goes wrong. This was made's has before

:33:51. > :33:53.and this was it after, thousands of pounds of damage after the

:33:54. > :33:58.individual who hired it had a party that had to be broken up by the

:33:59. > :34:01.police. Also Snapchat maps the latest feature that parents and

:34:02. > :34:06.charities worry could put children at risk. Join us after breakfast on

:34:07. > :34:10.BBC Two and on line. We'll be going back to Wimbledon

:34:11. > :34:15.in a few moments for all the sport and weather with Sally

:34:16. > :34:18.and Carol, but still As sixth form students

:34:19. > :34:21.move on to university, we'll be speaking to one bereaved

:34:22. > :34:23.parent who is urging one million teenagers to get

:34:24. > :34:25.vaccinated against meningitis. We'll meet the artists

:34:26. > :34:29.behind a new play at Manchester International Festival

:34:30. > :34:33.which depicts a female-led society tackling a global emergency

:34:34. > :34:38.as the clock ticks down. And after nine, Bridget Kendall

:34:39. > :34:42.was the BBC's Moscow correspondent during the collapse

:34:43. > :34:45.of the Soviet Union. She'll be here to talk

:34:46. > :34:47.about her new book which looks at that time through the eyes

:34:48. > :34:50.of those who experienced that time first-hand

:34:51. > :35:01.- like her. You have just thrown in your pen at

:35:02. > :35:08.me! It wasn't a throw, it was a collapse! Big apologies. It wasn't

:35:09. > :35:12.an attack on you. It's Wimbledon today, there's so much going on.

:35:13. > :35:18.Sally is there with all the details and we will have the weather from

:35:19. > :35:22.Carol as well, good morning. I think he's just worried about women ruling

:35:23. > :35:26.the world, if he is attacking you we need to have a word. We are on

:35:27. > :35:31.Centre Court in glorious sunshine. Everything is getting ready for play

:35:32. > :35:34.to start this afternoon and it was here yesterday that we saw defending

:35:35. > :35:38.champion Andy Murray walk-out on court, as is tradition he started

:35:39. > :35:48.the tournament on Centre Court yesterday afternoon. He played the

:35:49. > :35:52.unpredictable Alexander Bublik, looked to have not many concerns

:35:53. > :35:57.with his hip injury and made it through into ours. He will play

:35:58. > :36:01.Dustin Brown of Germany next. The way that Dustin plays, he comes to

:36:02. > :36:08.the net a lot, approaching, I'll be working on my passing shots, lobs,

:36:09. > :36:15.it will be quite a different much, she is also unorthodox but he plays

:36:16. > :36:18.a bit more from the net and Sasha. Aljaz Bedene, the British number

:36:19. > :36:23.four, is joining Murray in the second round, you beat Ivo Karlovic

:36:24. > :36:29.in four sets, there was choir tie-breakers and it was 8-6 in the

:36:30. > :36:33.final set. One big upset already, three-time grand slam winner and

:36:34. > :36:39.world number three Stan Wawrinka is out, beaten by 21-year-old Daniil

:36:40. > :36:43.Medvedev. The younger player was playing in only his third grand

:36:44. > :36:51.slam. A much easier day for Johanna Konta. She avenged her first round

:36:52. > :36:57.defeat at the French Open to the same opponent. She will be joined by

:36:58. > :37:01.Heather Watson, who won her match in straight sets. Venus Williams, a

:37:02. > :37:11.five-time Wimbledon winner, is through to the second round, she

:37:12. > :37:14.Mertens of Belgium. Last month Venus Williams was involved in a terrible

:37:15. > :37:18.car crash in which a man died and was asked about it in her post-match

:37:19. > :37:29.press conference. That are no words to describe how devastating and

:37:30. > :37:40.yeah, I am completely speechless. It's just... Yeah, I mean, I'm

:37:41. > :37:42.just... Maybe I should go. Away from tennis these Lamarckian world

:37:43. > :37:49.champion won a stage three of the Tour de France yesterday. Geraint

:37:50. > :37:54.Thomas still has the leader's images -- the Slovakian world champion won

:37:55. > :37:58.it. Chris Froome is now second overall. And Aston Villa have signed

:37:59. > :38:02.former Chelsea and England captain John Terry. They 36-year-old has

:38:03. > :38:06.signed a one-year deal with the Championship club. He turned down

:38:07. > :38:11.offers from what money to play in the Premier League because he didn't

:38:12. > :38:15.want to play against Chelsea! I wonder if that might happen in the

:38:16. > :38:21.FA Cup anyway! Back to the tennis. We are on Centre Court, preparations

:38:22. > :38:25.are being made for play later. Rick is out with his mower. I'm joined by

:38:26. > :38:31.Sam Smith, the former British women's number one. How are you. I'm

:38:32. > :38:34.not a morning person, everyone who knows me knows that. I'm happy that

:38:35. > :38:40.the Court looks beautiful and sunny, it will be a lovely day. Let's talk

:38:41. > :38:44.about Johanna Konta. She came into Wimbledon after a difficult week,

:38:45. > :38:48.that terrible fall, she knocked ahead and there was a bit of concern

:38:49. > :38:57.about yesterday but she seemed fine. She handled it extremely well. We

:38:58. > :39:02.were all 50-50, it was a particular injury, it was just the heaviness of

:39:03. > :39:07.the fall, and her preparations for the biggest event of the year were

:39:08. > :39:12.disturbed. Nobody likes having to tear up the script and start again.

:39:13. > :39:15.I think the Jo it is about learning on the job, managing these

:39:16. > :39:19.situations. Particularly impressive because her life has changed a lot

:39:20. > :39:24.in the last 12 months, last year we talked about her being in the top

:39:25. > :39:28.locker room for the first time as the number 16 seed and now she is a

:39:29. > :39:32.top contender, so many more eyes on her, so much more pressure, and that

:39:33. > :39:37.was not a straightforward first round although she made it look

:39:38. > :39:42.easy. She's managing to compartmentalise quite well. That is

:39:43. > :39:46.the thing. Players do with pressure in different ways. Roger Federer

:39:47. > :39:52.seems to embrace everything and flowed through as if nothing bothers

:39:53. > :39:57.him. For Jo it seems to stay in this bubble, worry about what is she

:39:58. > :40:02.doing in each minute rather than all the things that are swirling around

:40:03. > :40:08.her. That would suffer and it might help her get through this

:40:09. > :40:12.tournament. -- that works for her. Heather Watson is through as well

:40:13. > :40:17.although Laura Robson is out. I commentated on the's match on Court

:40:18. > :40:21.two, one of those lovely evening service and is going down and the

:40:22. > :40:27.stands were in sunshine. Have struggled a little too close out the

:40:28. > :40:30.match, which we have seen a lot this year -- Heather struggled but unlike

:40:31. > :40:35.earlier this year when she was losing and not losing out, she got

:40:36. > :40:40.through. She has done that in the past few weeks, it will help so

:40:41. > :40:44.much. At the end of the match she doesn't just smile, she beams! She

:40:45. > :40:49.embraces everything about Wimbledon and the fans. She's had a tough

:40:50. > :40:52.couple of years since she lost to Serena Williams on this very court.

:40:53. > :41:01.That hurt her in terms of her career. I'm pleased to see her back

:41:02. > :41:04.playing so well. Grad's favourites, Roger Federer and Djokovic. And

:41:05. > :41:10.there is something about Roger Federer at the moment. -- the

:41:11. > :41:17.crowd's favourites. He seems to be almost revelling in being the

:41:18. > :41:22.favourite. He is in a very different part of his career, he has done

:41:23. > :41:25.everything anyone could have imagined doing and from now and

:41:26. > :41:33.there is still a bonus and perhaps still anger to set more records, he

:41:34. > :41:35.seems to be more actively immune to the pressures, I cannot imagine the

:41:36. > :41:39.reception he will get on Centre court because 12 months ago when he

:41:40. > :41:44.was injured, everybody said, we don't think Roger is going to win

:41:45. > :41:48.any more grand slams. He took that dramatic decision to take off the

:41:49. > :41:51.rest of the season and then he came back and won the Australian Open and

:41:52. > :41:55.has pretty much what a drag everything he has been in this year.

:41:56. > :42:00.It just shows you 12 months is a long time in sport. I will make sure

:42:01. > :42:05.that I am here because I want to see that reception. Everyone wants to

:42:06. > :42:10.see that. You can watch it on TV. Sam, thank you for that extra

:42:11. > :42:11.insight on day two of Wimbledon. Talking of the favourites, here's

:42:12. > :42:24.Carol. If only that were to! I am joined by

:42:25. > :42:29.Neil Stubley. We watch the preparation every day, talk to us

:42:30. > :42:34.about the preparations. We are here first thing in the morning, we take

:42:35. > :42:38.the covers off at 730 and then the guys do their jobs, one team cuts

:42:39. > :42:43.the courts, another team does the markings, and also the mopping which

:42:44. > :42:46.is as important as everything. And then we are ready for morning

:42:47. > :42:53.preparation and then we go out and set up the courts, make sure they

:42:54. > :42:58.are set up properly, we do all the readings and the speed testing is,

:42:59. > :43:03.to make sure everything is set up right. The speed of the court is

:43:04. > :43:09.important so how do you monitor that and get it to the right speed? We

:43:10. > :43:13.manage it with a special hammer that drops onto the surface and that

:43:14. > :43:17.gives a hardness reading and we can control those readings by irrigation

:43:18. > :43:21.at night. After play finishes we do some prep work we reconvert the

:43:22. > :43:26.baselines and back-up all the debris. We look at the different

:43:27. > :43:29.numbers we have from each court and then we write irrigation programmes.

:43:30. > :43:33.Each court will have an individual programme measured in litres so we

:43:34. > :43:37.know how many litres per court we are putting down. We will measure

:43:38. > :43:42.those readings the following day to make sure we stay within the range.

:43:43. > :43:48.The dryer at the ground, the bigger the bounce. Yes, in the second week

:43:49. > :43:53.as the courts slowly get firmer the bounce will be higher, come to the

:43:54. > :43:57.players a bit quicker. As the players are changing through the

:43:58. > :44:01.tournament so is the surface. Weather is my subject so if you had

:44:02. > :44:10.your choice of whether for the ideal court conditions what would it be?

:44:11. > :44:15.Typically probably 22-23dC, decent cloud cover but the sun coming in

:44:16. > :44:19.and out and with a light breeze, perfect for the grass, a less

:44:20. > :44:24.stressed grass is less stress groundsmen. It is a pledge, Neil, as

:44:25. > :44:29.always, I know you are busy so I will let you go. It is beautiful

:44:30. > :44:33.here and the temperature is rising nicely.

:44:34. > :44:40.The forecast for Wimbledon today is mostly dry, 10% risk of a shower,

:44:41. > :44:45.yesterday it was 20% and we saw one. That will come across some time, it

:44:46. > :44:50.will break in the afternoon and two bridges were rich 25 Celsius. Over

:44:51. > :44:55.the next few days it will turn warmer hot depending which part of

:44:56. > :44:58.the country are in. If we start in the south this morning there's a

:44:59. > :45:03.fair bit of cloud, also some sunshine as we have here, with blue

:45:04. > :45:08.skies at Wimbledon, the cloud as we move north is thick enough for the

:45:09. > :45:11.odd shower. Until we reach northern England, southern and central

:45:12. > :45:14.Scotland and Northern Ireland. Here we have a weather front producing

:45:15. > :45:19.heavy and persistent rain on and off through the day. South of that, we

:45:20. > :45:24.are looking at a fair bit of cloud across Wales and south-west England,

:45:25. > :45:28.bright rather than sunny with sunny spells developing in that cloud and

:45:29. > :45:34.it's the same as we move from Gloucestershire over towards

:45:35. > :45:37.Dorsett, Hampshire, Buckinghamshire, variable cloud with bright sunshine

:45:38. > :45:41.coming through. So through the day the weather front is well and truly

:45:42. > :45:46.ensconced across the central swathe of the UK. To the north of that,

:45:47. > :45:49.sunshine, some showers in the far north of Scotland and south of that

:45:50. > :45:53.band the clouds drifting east and breaking up through the afternoon.

:45:54. > :45:57.Having said that you could catch the odd shower in the Midlands or east

:45:58. > :46:03.Anglia but there will be the exception rather than the rule. And

:46:04. > :46:09.in the south, highs of up to 25, in the rain band it will feel chilly

:46:10. > :46:12.and to the north of that, highs of 15 - 16. Overnight, the weather

:46:13. > :46:16.front still in the same place, starting to reconsider the rain will

:46:17. > :46:24.turn lighter and more patchy. Some coastal and hill as well and some

:46:25. > :46:27.clear skies developing. So temperatures in towns and cities,

:46:28. > :46:32.11th-15, a little lower in the countryside. Tomorrow, still bad

:46:33. > :46:36.weather front in the same place, we will start with patchy rain but

:46:37. > :46:40.through the day that will fizzle. Most areas tomorrow will see

:46:41. > :46:45.sunshine, more than today. It will be hot and humid in England and

:46:46. > :46:50.Wales, temperatures in the mid to high 20s, locally in the south-east,

:46:51. > :46:56.2930, as we push further north we are looking at temperatures in the

:46:57. > :47:01.low to mid 26 are much more comfortable, into Thursday humid air

:47:02. > :47:04.from the near continent, that will spark OfficeMax thunderstorms. If

:47:05. > :47:12.you catch one it's likely to be a downpour, and miss if you do, some

:47:13. > :47:16.sunny spells as well, in England, Wales and southern Scotland, that's

:47:17. > :47:19.all the details we can pin down. Further north into Northern Ireland

:47:20. > :47:23.and Scotland you will see sunshine but nonetheless it will feel better,

:47:24. > :47:28.less oppressive as it will feel further south. So the warm weather,

:47:29. > :47:35.Dan and Louise, will continue in the south for some time yet.

:47:36. > :47:42.Exactly the weather that the head of courts and culture culture was

:47:43. > :47:47.looking for. The less stressed wrasse!

:47:48. > :48:07.We could all do with that! You can watch live coverage.

:48:08. > :48:12.I think the tennis player has improved my dress! Lots of Wimbledon

:48:13. > :48:14.coverage. It is estimated that up to 1 million

:48:15. > :48:17.teenagers aren't protected against meningitis W,

:48:18. > :48:19.an aggressive and often deadly Public Health England is urging

:48:20. > :48:23.young people across the UK to get vaccinated in an attempt to combat

:48:24. > :48:27.the rapid rise in cases. Joining us now is Julia Styles,

:48:28. > :48:30.who lost her daughter Emily to meningitis in 2014,

:48:31. > :48:47.and Tom Nutt, CEO of Meningitis Now. She did not have this type of

:48:48. > :48:56.meningitis, Emily, but tell us why you are involved. We found out later

:48:57. > :49:02.it was meningitis B. I am involved in this campaign because when she

:49:03. > :49:07.died there were no vaccine is available, and we have campaigned

:49:08. > :49:11.hard to get the introduction of the meningitis B vaccine. Only for

:49:12. > :49:17.babies at the moment, though we would like to see it for the lost

:49:18. > :49:24.generation as well. Also for the meningitis eight, C, W and why. We

:49:25. > :49:29.did not have the chance with Emily to get her vaccinated, there was not

:49:30. > :49:35.one. What I want to say to parents is, get the vaccination that is

:49:36. > :49:39.available, free on the NHS, and make yourself and your dog people aware

:49:40. > :49:45.of the signs and symptoms. Is it about awareness? If they are now

:49:46. > :49:52.more readily available, people just are not taking up the opportunity to

:49:53. > :49:57.be vaccinated? The uptake is relatively low, around about a

:49:58. > :50:03.third. This campaign is about encouraging 17 and 18-year-olds to

:50:04. > :50:06.take up the opportunity to take it, especially if they go away to

:50:07. > :50:11.university, because they will be vulnerable, because of the way young

:50:12. > :50:18.people mix. It is vital, and we ask parents to encourage their 17 and

:50:19. > :50:24.18-year-olds to take up the vaccine. You go to your GP and ask? Yes, or

:50:25. > :50:35.GPs should be writing to their patients. But don't wait, you can

:50:36. > :50:37.just go now. Emily tied in a few years ago, you are supporting this

:50:38. > :50:48.campaign, it must have had a devastating effect. Very difficult.

:50:49. > :50:54.Emily was at that stage where she was stepping out into the world, she

:50:55. > :50:58.had worked for two years, she did not want to go straight to

:50:59. > :51:03.university, she had saved up ?5,000, she wanted to be ready to go off to

:51:04. > :51:08.university, and she was taken ill and extremely quickly. Meningitis

:51:09. > :51:17.took her life in six hours. She had a headache and became ill, so

:51:18. > :51:21.quickly. She was not at home, but she became ill very quickly, she had

:51:22. > :51:28.what appeared to be the symptoms of a migraine, which she had had many

:51:29. > :51:34.times, she had no rush. That is the misconception, I was not aware of

:51:35. > :51:40.it, when my girls were little, I was aware, the campaign with the rolling

:51:41. > :51:47.glass, they said, seek medical help immediately if it does not disappear

:51:48. > :51:55.when you roll on the glass on it, but Emily had no rush, not even one

:51:56. > :52:07.mark. Even after her death, there was nothing, her meningitis went

:52:08. > :52:13.straight into her brain. The first we knew that, we were called to

:52:14. > :52:23.where she was among which was not far away, and she had already

:52:24. > :52:27.collapsed by that point. An ambulance and air and alerts were

:52:28. > :52:31.called, she was taken to the John Radcliffe Hospital, and she never

:52:32. > :52:42.regained consciousness. This was on New Year's Eve 2013. In the morning.

:52:43. > :52:45.By the evening, just as everyone was getting prepared to celebrate the

:52:46. > :52:52.New Year, we knew Emily was not coming back. Within six hours, it is

:52:53. > :52:56.heartbreaking. Particularly given what you have

:52:57. > :53:01.just said, it is important people get the vaccine. In Emily's case,

:53:02. > :53:04.there were no warning signs of. It is equally important that people are

:53:05. > :53:14.aware of the signs and symptoms. What is the latest guidance? We are

:53:15. > :53:16.a little ignorant about it. It is flu-like symptoms, often it will be

:53:17. > :53:24.an aversion to bright lights, stiff-necked. If you go to our

:53:25. > :53:29.website, you can find information about signs and symptoms, you can

:53:30. > :53:36.download a pack, especially for young people going to university.

:53:37. > :53:39.You can recognise the signs and symptoms, is acting quickly is one

:53:40. > :53:45.of the most important things are. The other thing to say, I was

:53:46. > :53:52.acutely aware of it when my girls were little, I did not realise that

:53:53. > :54:00.meningitis was even something to worry about for older teenagers and

:54:01. > :54:04.adults. It can affect anybody. It takes life really quickly, but also

:54:05. > :54:13.the thing that could happen is it can cause catastrophic injuries to

:54:14. > :54:21.people, loss of limbs, hearing, sight and brain problems. This is

:54:22. > :54:27.something that is devastating. Emily was an absolutely wonderful

:54:28. > :54:33.daughter, she was beautiful, inside and out, she was feisty and

:54:34. > :54:39.determined, and absolutely the centre of our world. My younger

:54:40. > :54:43.daughter Sophie, from the age of 16, has lost her big sister, and lived

:54:44. > :54:51.through that for the last three and a half years. Such an impassioned

:54:52. > :54:55.plea. If you are eligible, you can go, but what if you are not

:54:56. > :55:00.eligible? One of the good things is if you are the parent of younger

:55:01. > :55:04.teenagers, they should go through an established programme, so they

:55:05. > :55:07.should get the vaccine in schools. This is a catch-up campaign for some

:55:08. > :55:09.of the younger adults who may not have had the vaccination. The

:55:10. > :55:15.awareness is not out there. Some of the world's brightest minds

:55:16. > :55:18.are gathering in London today to showcase the best

:55:19. > :55:21.of British scientific achievement. They're down at the annual Royal

:55:22. > :55:24.Society Summer Science Exhibition, which opens to the public

:55:25. > :55:42.later this morning. This is the most efficient bike

:55:43. > :55:46.chain testing machine ever, according to the University of

:55:47. > :55:51.Bristol team who developed it. A quarter of a million frames per

:55:52. > :55:57.second, it helps to make the bike chain work as best as it can. It is

:55:58. > :56:05.based on Galileo's engine clock, and Team GB will use it at the Tokyo

:56:06. > :56:09.Olympics. Just one exhibit at the Royal Society summer science

:56:10. > :56:15.exhibition here in London. This historical place. The Royal Society

:56:16. > :56:19.was founded in 1660. Before we came here today, we have been catching up

:56:20. > :56:21.with some of the exhibitors to see what kind of science and development

:56:22. > :56:23.they have been working on. For the purposes of this

:56:24. > :56:26.report, I am a criminal Police and forensics teams

:56:27. > :56:31.arrive looking for clues. But thanks to a new project

:56:32. > :56:34.at Bournemouth University, my footprints will reveal more

:56:35. > :56:39.about me than ever before. So what we are doing

:56:40. > :56:41.here is known as photogrammetry. It is recording with a normal

:56:42. > :56:45.camera 20 or 30 images of a single footprint,

:56:46. > :56:48.to build a 3-D model of the footprint that

:56:49. > :56:51.we are interested in. This is how the footprint

:56:52. > :56:53.is recorded. OK, so here is my shoe, then,

:56:54. > :56:59.that is the image of it. So what can you ascertain

:57:00. > :57:01.about the way I walk? You have a very unique

:57:02. > :57:07.and distinctive heel print. You can see that you

:57:08. > :57:09.tread very heavily This is distinctive,

:57:10. > :57:12.and it would be enough to potentially make that distinction

:57:13. > :57:15.between these sorts of crimes. Like fingerprints and DNA,

:57:16. > :57:17.the team at Bournemouth University would like a footprint database

:57:18. > :57:20.to be set up. Two police forces in England

:57:21. > :57:22.have already started It is not just our footprints that

:57:23. > :57:30.are unique, but also our voices. At University College London,

:57:31. > :57:33.soprano Katherine Woodward is performing at a rather unusual

:57:34. > :57:41.venue. What we are trying to do

:57:42. > :57:44.is find different ways of investigating voices,

:57:45. > :57:46.and also starting to map out some Up until now, we have been very

:57:47. > :57:53.limited in that kind of information we can get

:57:54. > :57:56.about what was going on inside There are some really

:57:57. > :58:01.extraordinary shapes she makes, where she is dropping her jaw down

:58:02. > :58:06.and really hitting those high notes. You can see her pushing

:58:07. > :58:10.the sound out. It is the smallest space I have

:58:11. > :58:18.ever sung in in my life. Next, it is the turn of rapper

:58:19. > :58:28.Professor Elemental. As you can see, the tongue distorts

:58:29. > :58:35.and changes when he's rapping. It's hoped analysing and comparing

:58:36. > :58:37.extreme vocal performances can There are children growing up

:58:38. > :58:43.with a cleft palate, adults who have a speech impediment

:58:44. > :58:45.following a stroke. And at the moment, the speech

:58:46. > :58:48.and language specialists who work with them are working in the dark

:58:49. > :58:51.in terms of actually understanding So this research will be shared

:58:52. > :58:55.with speech therapists, and will hopefully boost our

:58:56. > :59:00.understanding of the human voice. # This is the place that

:59:01. > :59:03.I like to flip my flows. # But rapping in this tube is not

:59:04. > :59:17.a place to scratch my nose... A rapper like no other, it is fair

:59:18. > :59:21.to say, let's chat to Professor Robert Young. You are using quantum

:59:22. > :59:28.technology to prevent counterfeiting. Yes, we are tackling

:59:29. > :59:34.this gigantic problem, it costs half year and more than 1 million lives a

:59:35. > :59:39.year cost due to counterfeit products, everything from fake car

:59:40. > :59:43.parts to sports shirts to pharmaceuticals. On the atomic scale

:59:44. > :59:46.we can narrate identity. We have made a simple technology which can

:59:47. > :59:52.be labelled onto any product and red with a smartphone. Here we have

:59:53. > :59:58.laminated hologram of our technology. But we can put this on

:59:59. > :00:03.almost anything. Best of luck with that. Let's chat to Barbara from the

:00:04. > :00:09.University of St Andrews. That looks like the beak of a crow. What are

:00:10. > :00:15.you doing here? Trying to extract an insect from a hole like the Crow

:00:16. > :00:20.would. Hopefully Christian can explain how that will help us and

:00:21. > :00:24.what we can learn from it. Few animals can use tools and we humans

:00:25. > :00:29.are mustered to users, we use tools every day. We study birds who have

:00:30. > :00:33.the ability to forage and Winkle grabs out of dead wood and we hope

:00:34. > :00:38.that will have us understand better and what ecological conditions

:00:39. > :00:43.animals evolve this remarkable capacity. This is literally a bird's

:00:44. > :00:49.eye view and enables us to learn from nature. It's right because they

:00:50. > :00:54.don't have hands, they use their bills and Barbara can see what a

:00:55. > :00:59.crow would see. Interesting stuff, thank you so much. This is one of a

:01:00. > :01:03.number of exhibits at the summer science exhibition which will open

:01:04. > :01:08.until Sunday, this place is full of history, founded in 1660, you can

:01:09. > :01:13.sense the past as you walk around and also sends the future. Amazing,

:01:14. > :01:15.thank you. I feel my horizons have been broadened. Here's a question

:01:16. > :01:18.for you. And when they do, how will a female

:01:19. > :01:23.top team tackle the greatest These are some of the questions

:01:24. > :01:26.being posed by a new play at Manchester International

:01:27. > :01:31.Festival. In a moment we will find out more

:01:32. > :01:33.from its creators, before that we asked people in the street what they

:01:34. > :01:37.thought about women in power. I consider myself a feminist,

:01:38. > :01:39.but always you have If we have an even number

:01:40. > :01:53.of men and women ruling, Women might have equal pay to men,

:01:54. > :02:02.so that would be quite nice. A lot of the women who have been

:02:03. > :02:06.in powerful positions have not been Margaret Thatcher did

:02:07. > :02:08.nothing for women. I do not think Theresa May

:02:09. > :02:11.is doing anything for women. I have seen women in power,

:02:12. > :02:28.most of the time they end up good. A lot of different views. It is

:02:29. > :02:36.interesting. We put it out there this morning and in some ways people

:02:37. > :02:45.have come back with, I don't know, angry at the question itself. All

:02:46. > :02:50.sorts of things. Artist and creator Yael Bartana, it is strange while we

:02:51. > :02:51.are doing this piece on women running the world, somebody has

:02:52. > :02:53.silenced a woman! Artist Yael Bartana

:02:54. > :03:02.and performance director Hopefully your microphones are both

:03:03. > :03:07.working, lovely to have you here. Explain how the show works, you have

:03:08. > :03:14.five actors on the set and then they are joined by five different people

:03:15. > :03:18.every time. Exactly. Four nights, four performances, for each night

:03:19. > :03:23.the same five actors, and every night five different experts from

:03:24. > :03:29.different backgrounds, different parts of the different professions,

:03:30. > :03:35.to join them and come up with new ideas. Vicky, what has it meant to

:03:36. > :03:40.talk about a female perspective and what comes across from it? We use

:03:41. > :03:45.the word experiment, it is a catchall because we don't know the

:03:46. > :03:53.outcome, we sit around this war room which is like the War room from the

:03:54. > :03:57.film Dr Strangelove. It is really epic. The women come together and we

:03:58. > :04:00.ask them the question and we are asking if the structures would be

:04:01. > :04:05.different if women ruled the world. The issues would not be different,

:04:06. > :04:09.would the structures be different, because religion for example is

:04:10. > :04:12.quite patriarchal. We ask them what they think are the biggest threats

:04:13. > :04:17.currently and if they were in power what would they do about those

:04:18. > :04:22.threats, we don't know if they would do anything different. Back in the

:04:23. > :04:25.room, how Ray. I don't know what happened to my microphone, sorry

:04:26. > :04:31.about that. Every day you could have different answers to this question.

:04:32. > :04:41.The focus of the project is to focus on "What if those good. Creating a

:04:42. > :04:47.condition in which ten women, the ratio is changing the world, ten to

:04:48. > :04:50.one, following the idea of Dr Strangelove, at the end of Dr

:04:51. > :04:56.Strangelove he says that if the Earth could be repopulated so the

:04:57. > :05:01.ratio between men and women would be ten to one, we are reversing this

:05:02. > :05:07.idea. It is a simple idea that allows us to create a platform for

:05:08. > :05:14.different ideas. And do you think the world would be a different

:05:15. > :05:20.place. Absolutely. In what way. I don't know! That the experiment. You

:05:21. > :05:27.put it on for a reason, in which we do hope it would be different.

:05:28. > :05:31.Basically, the focus is on the urgency, there should be, there must

:05:32. > :05:37.be a different way of handling the world, trying to find a different

:05:38. > :05:41.system. That is what we are trying to propose, is there a new way to

:05:42. > :05:48.deal with the same political issues in a different way. We got quite a

:05:49. > :05:53.view sexist responses, some people said, it is this way already. Yet in

:05:54. > :05:59.positions of power women are still massively under-represented. And one

:06:00. > :06:02.older guy said an interesting thing, the majority of women who have been

:06:03. > :06:07.in positions of power have not been very good for women. Mrs Thatcher is

:06:08. > :06:11.a good example of that. It is because they are still doing bad

:06:12. > :06:17.within an inherited mail system, so they have to push up a bit to play

:06:18. > :06:22.the game. If the system is different for men or women, we are talking

:06:23. > :06:27.about equality ultimately, if the system was different women would not

:06:28. > :06:31.have to be so hierarchical. I don't think they would play top dog so

:06:32. > :06:36.much. It will be interesting and you will make a film afterwards so we

:06:37. > :06:40.can get these conclusions. During the performance we are making a

:06:41. > :06:48.film, we're hoping to distribute it, so we can use it for education and

:06:49. > :06:53.whatever needs. Four nights, four completely different artists. I like

:06:54. > :06:59.the idea. I'm glad we sorted out your microphone. It was so ironic. I

:07:00. > :07:01.wonder if it is a man or woman in charge of our sound department! I'm

:07:02. > :07:03.not going to say! What If Women Ruled The World starts

:07:04. > :07:13.tomorrow at the Manchester Thank you very much for talking to

:07:14. > :07:17.us. Bridget Kendall will begin in a moment, you will know her from the

:07:18. > :07:20.BBC, she was famously a correspondent in Russia during the

:07:21. > :07:23.collapse of the Soviet Union. She will be here shortly. First a last

:07:24. > :09:03.brief look at the headlines where you are this morning.

:09:04. > :09:17.As the BBC's Moscow correspondent, Bridget Kendall reported

:09:18. > :09:19.on the collapse of the Soviet Union, sent eyewitness reports

:09:20. > :09:22.of the dramatic coup in August 1991 and covered Boris Yeltsin's

:09:23. > :09:26.In her new book The Cold War: A New Oral History

:09:27. > :09:28.of Life Between East and West, Bridget explores the period

:09:29. > :09:30.through the eyes of those who experienced it first-hand,

:09:31. > :09:35.Good morning, for so many people you are synonymous with the collapse of

:09:36. > :09:39.the Berlin Wall because we are so used to you telling us about it.

:09:40. > :09:44.What are your most pertinent memories of the time. I have many

:09:45. > :09:49.memories because I started going to the Soviet Union in the mid-19 70s.

:09:50. > :09:53.It's quite shocking that I covered the last third of the Cold War,

:09:54. > :09:58.makes me feel so old. I was a student then. I went back as a BBC

:09:59. > :10:02.correspondent when it was all unravelling. When it comes to the

:10:03. > :10:07.Berlin Wall, what a ringside seat we had, it was amazing. I went with

:10:08. > :10:14.Mikhail Gorbachev, who was the leader of the Soviet Communist Party

:10:15. > :10:22.to East Berlin in 1989 to congratulate the leader of East

:10:23. > :10:28.Germany. We were all reporting on him, you can see the big picture of

:10:29. > :10:33.the commonest leaders having a big kiss, on the wall. Commonest leaders

:10:34. > :10:39.always seem to get on the lips, I don't know why. What we out later

:10:40. > :10:44.behind-the-scenes was what Mikael Gorbachev was saying to the east

:10:45. > :10:48.German leader, sort out these protests, the Soviet Union would

:10:49. > :10:53.invade like it did in Czechoslovakia in 1968, it is up to you. Two weeks

:10:54. > :10:57.later he was gone and the war was down. The interesting thing was, I

:10:58. > :11:02.was there and would never have predicted that could happen, it just

:11:03. > :11:07.shows how history can twist and turn in unexpected ways. And change very

:11:08. > :11:14.quickly. Just a few years later was the Soviet coup. You had a ringside

:11:15. > :11:19.seat for that. I was rung up at 6am by the BBC, they said, Bridget,

:11:20. > :11:23.there is something going on, Mikhail Gorbachev has been taken ill, there

:11:24. > :11:27.is a state of emergency, go out and see. Before long there were tanks on

:11:28. > :11:31.the streets of Moscow. Yet not long before that all the Russians had

:11:32. > :11:36.flocked to the parliament to stop an attempt by hardliners to get rid of

:11:37. > :11:41.Mikael Gorbachev, to stop his reforms and turn back the clock. It

:11:42. > :11:45.did not work. By the end of big it had all unravelled on the Soviet

:11:46. > :11:53.Union had gone! That's just monumental. But about living there

:11:54. > :11:57.at the time. What was that like. Extraordinary. When it was the

:11:58. > :12:02.Soviet Union, before the reforms that led to the unravelling of it

:12:03. > :12:09.all, it was very cut off. This was a time before the Internet, almost no

:12:10. > :12:14.one had direct dial phones, there was one direct dial phone to London

:12:15. > :12:18.in our offers and if that was out of order we have a holiday because they

:12:19. > :12:22.could not contact us except for a telex so we would have the morning

:12:23. > :12:28.off. But for most people in the soviet union it was hard to know

:12:29. > :12:32.what was happening except for short wave radio, in this book that I have

:12:33. > :12:36.just written, we have collected a lot of eyewitness reports. This is

:12:37. > :12:41.an interesting thing, it comes again and again how often people listen to

:12:42. > :12:46.the BBC broadcasts to find out what was happening in the outside world.

:12:47. > :12:49.Yet the reality of life as the Soviet Union became more corrupt and

:12:50. > :12:55.dysfunctional, in the Soviet Union they called it the land of through

:12:56. > :13:01.the looking Glass. It was back to front like in the story by Lewis

:13:02. > :13:07.Carroll. That's one reason why we wrote the book to bring the memories

:13:08. > :13:13.of people who lived through it to people today. In 15 or 20 seconds,

:13:14. > :13:17.this meeting between the modern day leader Vladimir Putin and Donald

:13:18. > :13:21.Trump will be huge. People ask of the Cold War is back, this is not

:13:22. > :13:25.like the Cold War, the Cold War was black and white, commonest and

:13:26. > :13:29.capitalism. Now we don't really know what to make of this meeting and

:13:30. > :13:34.probably they don't know what to make of each other, it shows how

:13:35. > :13:35.much complex the world has become. Thank you, Bridget.

:13:36. > :13:38.The Cold War: A New Oral History of Life between East and West

:13:39. > :13:44.And you can listen to it on Radio 4, we'll be back from 6am tomorrow,

:13:45. > :13:51.have a great Tuesday. Bye bye.