:00:12. > :00:19.Hello. The headlines tonight: the could have reacted faster and we've
:00:19. > :00:27.learnt lessons says the West Midlands chief constable. We felt
:00:27. > :00:30.that we were to stationery, and too slow.
:00:30. > :00:36.Is it a comeback for the energy business?
:00:36. > :00:40.Now these parents could be fined. Thanks to whaler for transplant,
:00:40. > :00:50.James goes to school for the first time. It's a day his family thought
:00:50. > :00:52.
:00:52. > :00:54.Good evening, welcome to Thursday's Midlands Today from the BBC.
:00:54. > :00:59.Tonight, police didn't react quickly enough in the first hours
:00:59. > :01:02.of last month's rioting. In his first detailed report, the Chief
:01:02. > :01:07.Constable of the West Midlands has admitted that tactics at first were
:01:07. > :01:10.wrong and had to be changed because of the scale of the disturbances.
:01:10. > :01:13.But Chris Sims insisted there was no hard intelligence of what was to
:01:13. > :01:15.be unleashed in Birmingham and elsewhere and that, as the public
:01:15. > :01:20.began to understand the onslaught officers faced, many got in touch
:01:20. > :01:25.to offer thanks and support. Here's our Special correspondent, Peter
:01:25. > :01:29.Wilson. The scale of the riots was totally
:01:29. > :01:34.unprecedented. There are now separate investigations into the
:01:34. > :01:38.looting and robberies. The murders of three men who'd been standing
:01:38. > :01:43.outside a petrol station in Winson Green. And the inquiry into the
:01:43. > :01:45.armed gangs who fired on police lines. It's now the biggest
:01:45. > :01:50.investigation carried out by the West Midlands force since the
:01:50. > :01:53.Birmingham pub bombings in 1974. Today the chief constable spoke of
:01:53. > :02:03.the bravery of his officers but also admitted that there'd been
:02:03. > :02:05.
:02:05. > :02:11.mistakes. For the first hour or so, I felt, and I know officers felt,
:02:11. > :02:15.that we were probably to stationery, too slow, too busy trying to
:02:15. > :02:25.disperse people that in effect were then regrouping and attacking
:02:25. > :02:26.
:02:26. > :02:29.different premises. -- too stationary. So who were those
:02:29. > :02:32.involved in the lootings? The ages ranged from 12 to 59. Three
:02:32. > :02:35.quarters of those arrested had previous convictions. The average
:02:35. > :02:42.age of the offenders was 23. But many were sixth formers. This
:02:42. > :02:47.meeting has revealed the police came under attack. People had
:02:47. > :02:53.missiles and petrol bombs. 91 police vehicles were damaged and
:02:53. > :02:56.even the West Midlands police website came under cyber attack.
:02:56. > :03:01.The police authority were today holding the chief constable to
:03:01. > :03:08.account but they too have been criticised in recent weeks. There
:03:08. > :03:12.are sufficient resources across the force that would ensure that the
:03:12. > :03:15.policing of the West Midlands would not be at the point of breaking but
:03:15. > :03:20.it was stretched. Yet some community leaders were less than
:03:20. > :03:24.impressed with the report. On that particular Monday at 4pm, I
:03:24. > :03:29.received in e-mail from the police are saying they had intelligence to
:03:29. > :03:32.say they would be possible problems in Birmingham. They said they would
:03:32. > :03:38.provide a proportionate response. But clearly did not take place on
:03:38. > :03:42.the Monday evening. -- that. The police coped during the riots
:03:42. > :03:47.despite already losing a thousand staff in the cuts. If the riots
:03:47. > :03:52.were to happen in four years' time, could we respond to the same way?
:03:52. > :03:56.Obviously not. Across the country, we will be 16,000 officers down on
:03:56. > :04:04.the numbers at present. Your guess is as good as mine as to whether we
:04:04. > :04:07.would be able to respond and the same manner. -- in the same manner.
:04:07. > :04:11.The commander on the night of the first riots says firing plastic
:04:11. > :04:14.bullets into crowds was never an option. But had her officers stood
:04:14. > :04:17.back at the beginning of the unrest. The riots have cost the police �12
:04:17. > :04:19.million the main lesson they say is a need for greater mobility greater
:04:19. > :04:23.flexibility during fast moving unpredictable events.
:04:23. > :04:26.In a moment we'll be putting some of the points raised in that report
:04:26. > :04:28.to the Chief Constable of the West Midlands Chris Sims who's with us
:04:28. > :04:31.here tonight. But first, the scale of those riots
:04:31. > :04:34.stretched resources to the limit. Police were assaulted, shot at and
:04:34. > :04:37.even petrol bombed. Claire Marshall has this exclusive report on how
:04:37. > :04:39.police are looking at new tactics in the light of what happened and
:04:39. > :04:43.how it could alter riot training in the future.
:04:43. > :04:48.During last month's rioting, the police were accused of being timid.
:04:48. > :04:52.This was their response. Faced with a new kind of crime, looting and
:04:52. > :04:58.violence on a have a massive scale, they are learning new tactics. --
:04:59. > :05:06.on a massive scale. Controversially, the Taser is one weapon that may
:05:06. > :05:12.well be used more widely. Take a shot. The sensation of being hit is
:05:12. > :05:15.1000 times worse than cramp. In a normal Taser, that sound as
:05:15. > :05:19.electricity going through the person. Yes and it wouldn't be
:05:20. > :05:24.anywhere near as loud. This is the kind of situation in which it could
:05:25. > :05:28.be used. CCTV of the disturbances in the Handsworth area of
:05:28. > :05:35.Birmingham shows men firing out police with handguns. One of those
:05:35. > :05:40.officers targeted says retraining is vital. There is a need for us to
:05:40. > :05:46.have of, to deal with those threats. The traditional disorder, people
:05:46. > :05:51.throwing bricks and rocks, but has never been seen on our streets to
:05:51. > :05:59.that magnitude. This is the society we live in now. Training will
:05:59. > :06:03.evolve to deal with that. This is the kind of course... The police
:06:03. > :06:11.will have to tread a very fine line between being tough enough and
:06:11. > :06:15.being seen and not to go too far. Just a training scenario but this
:06:15. > :06:19.old aircraft carrier looks eerily like the streets of London or
:06:19. > :06:22.Birmingham in early August. If there is a next time, police hope
:06:22. > :06:27.to know much more about how to respond.
:06:27. > :06:30.With us now is the Chief Constable of the West Midlands, Chris Sims.
:06:30. > :06:34.Just looking at that report, you are clearly moving quickly to make
:06:34. > :06:41.sure you're better prepared next time? Yes, I think one of the
:06:41. > :06:46.lessons... Your report carried the notion that in the first hour or so
:06:46. > :06:50.we were trying to apply a conventional tactic to something
:06:50. > :06:55.that was unprecedented and different. I'm really proud how one
:06:55. > :07:00.of the night officers adapted incredibly quickly. By the end of
:07:00. > :07:04.that first night, we had arrested 116 people. Why did you get it so
:07:04. > :07:08.wrong at the beginning? I don't think we did. You said you were too
:07:08. > :07:13.slow. It takes the benefit of hindsight to interpreted different
:07:13. > :07:22.challenge and then a duck to it. I think actually we did remarkably
:07:22. > :07:25.well. -- and then adapt to it. Renate... He said he had no hard
:07:25. > :07:28.evidence of what was to come but surely those events in London must
:07:28. > :07:32.have told you something was going on. It was highly likely it would
:07:32. > :07:36.come here. It if you look at the report I delivered to the authority,
:07:37. > :07:40.you will see that we started planning in effects after the
:07:41. > :07:48.events in Tottenham. Carnival on the Sunday was peaceful. We had
:07:48. > :07:53.extra reserves. From Monday morning, as events shifted in London, we did
:07:53. > :08:00.mobilise a great deal of officers said that even without intelligence,
:08:00. > :08:04.250 offices, equipped, mobile and ready to go, were available in the
:08:04. > :08:07.centre of Birmingham. Can I let you hear something that happened in
:08:07. > :08:10.evidence to a Commons committee today? MPs have been listening to
:08:10. > :08:14.this evidence about the riots. Let's hear what the smile from
:08:14. > :08:18.Handsworth had to say. People were standing outside trying to protect
:08:18. > :08:24.their properties and didn't believe or think the police were responding
:08:24. > :08:27.quickly enough. The perception, even at that time, on the coal face,
:08:27. > :08:33.was why were the police protecting the jewellery Court and the City?
:08:33. > :08:41.Implying that the people of hands with a decision. One MP was saying
:08:41. > :08:46.in the event they felt they were left on their run. -- on their own.
:08:46. > :08:52.I would like to speak to his MP and a half attempted to do so. I do
:08:52. > :08:55.think that we were stretched. There was absolutely no case that we were
:08:55. > :09:01.picking parts of the city to protect and parts of the city not
:09:01. > :09:05.to protect. It was a very challenging night. He say that
:09:05. > :09:11.despite your best endeavours, you were unable to offer the committee
:09:11. > :09:21.the protection which is your sworn duty. But Mr chokey. That is the
:09:21. > :09:24.honest view after a -- after an might like that. I'm proud about
:09:24. > :09:29.how we've bounced back and reactive. There are many more rests to come.
:09:29. > :09:39.I think by creating that sort of deterrent, it is our best hope that
:09:39. > :09:41.
:09:41. > :09:44.this will not happen again. You're with Midlands Today. Much
:09:44. > :09:51.more still ahead tonight, including how this trainee vet is saving
:09:51. > :09:53.There was further evidence of a likely revival of fortunes for the
:09:53. > :09:57.Midlands motor industry today. The Chinese-owned Birmingham car maker
:09:57. > :10:01.MG has revealed it's landed more than �5 million worth of orders for
:10:01. > :10:07.its new model, the MG6. Our Business Correspondent is that
:10:07. > :10:13.the factory now. This is good news, isn't it, for MG?
:10:13. > :10:17.Yes, hopefully. This is that the new car, a big hit in China. Also a
:10:17. > :10:21.big hit here. It is mainly produced in China with final assembly
:10:21. > :10:31.happening here. Today, we have been given exclusive access to the
:10:31. > :10:38.
:10:38. > :10:43.Are this the first all-new model to be a major within a decade.
:10:43. > :10:47.Currently, only 66 cars per week are made here. Many of those
:10:47. > :10:51.working here, like the Lisa and Jeff, lost their jobs when MG Rover
:10:51. > :10:59.collapsed. Did you think you would ever be back at Longbridge? No, I
:10:59. > :11:03.thought it was gone for good. I retrained in the gas industry.
:11:03. > :11:07.worked elsewhere and then got a call to come back. I'm glad I did.
:11:07. > :11:11.We produce great cars. It is all good. This is what the cars look
:11:11. > :11:17.like when they come in from China. About 80 % of a vehicle is build
:11:17. > :11:21.their. The remaining 20 % is assemble and -- his assembled here.
:11:21. > :11:29.They put in the gearbox, the engine and exhaust. It is a bit like
:11:29. > :11:32.building a huge ethics model without the glue. This process
:11:32. > :11:37.starts 6000 miles away in China. It is a complicated supply route. It
:11:37. > :11:45.has taken a fair deal of planning with the China team and the UK
:11:45. > :11:51.logistics team. It is now down to a fine art. This is the first all-new
:11:52. > :11:54.MG for 16 years... Already orders worth �5 million have come in and
:11:54. > :11:57.more and more dealerships have been recruited to sell the new car.
:11:57. > :12:05.Those who think the NG6 is a Chinese car should probably think
:12:05. > :12:08.again. This is where it was designed. It is long bridge, where
:12:08. > :12:12.the man in charge is proud of what they created. I think we can
:12:12. > :12:16.justifiably say a large part of the car is British. A lot of the
:12:16. > :12:20.styling and engineering content of all the cars with engineers in this
:12:20. > :12:25.business so far on behalf of Shanghai Automotive have come from
:12:25. > :12:30.British people. Launching a new car in a recession can mean a bumpy
:12:30. > :12:40.ride but for M G, orders so far have been good and increases in
:12:40. > :12:41.
:12:41. > :12:44.sales could mean more jobs in the future. -- MG.
:12:44. > :12:47.Peter, we're not talking big numbers but this is good news at
:12:47. > :12:50.last for MG isn't it? What kind of numbers are they expecting to sell
:12:50. > :12:55.with the MG6? They have had 300 orders but there
:12:55. > :12:59.are not saying much more. It is difficult to predict in a volatile
:12:59. > :13:04.model bus market. Other models could come too long bridge as well.
:13:04. > :13:13.They are looking at a derivative of this concept car. The M G three is
:13:13. > :13:17.already on sale in China. -- MG3. Peter we seem to be hearing lots of
:13:17. > :13:25.good news about the car industry, new models, new factories. After so
:13:25. > :13:35.many bad years are things turning around? we probably are.
:13:35. > :13:36.
:13:37. > :13:40.With heard good news of new factories. -- we have heard. There
:13:40. > :13:44.are advance orders on Ford cars which is encouraging. Next week,
:13:44. > :13:52.Jaguar and Land Rover are expected to unveil new models at the
:13:52. > :13:55.Frankfurt Motor Show. It is looking Other news and a 100,000 signature
:13:55. > :14:00.petition has been handed into Downing Street today calling for a
:14:00. > :14:04.referendum on Britain's EU membership. The delegation was led
:14:04. > :14:07.by the Independent MEP for the West Midlands, Nicki Sinclaire. The MEP
:14:07. > :14:12.commissioned an independent survey, which shows that 60% of the
:14:12. > :14:15.electorate are in favour of a vote on Europe.
:14:15. > :14:19.Inconsiderate parking outside schools has long been a concern.
:14:19. > :14:22.But the problem has become so bad in some areas that the police say
:14:22. > :14:25.they have no choice but to fine parents. Bob Hockenhull braved the
:14:25. > :14:27.front line of these twice-daily parking wars, where harassed
:14:27. > :14:37.parents face angry residents, who say they are constantly being
:14:37. > :14:39.
:14:39. > :14:44.blocked in. If within a few minutes the streets outside many schools
:14:44. > :14:46.are transformed from this into this. Residents living next to Wheelers
:14:46. > :14:53.Lane School in Billesley in Birmingham say they are constantly
:14:53. > :14:57.being blocked in by what they call selfish parents. The for parents
:14:57. > :15:03.who think they're protecting their children, they are actually
:15:03. > :15:06.endangering them. There is cars everywhere.
:15:06. > :15:09.Five minutes after Mr Turburfield has gone, this is what the street
:15:09. > :15:16.looks like. It is not just a problem here. In Harborn, they are
:15:16. > :15:21.to start issuing fines from next week. People of just parked their
:15:21. > :15:25.cars and abandoned them without thinking about the other residents.
:15:25. > :15:28.The numbers of children walking to school fell by 8% in the UK between
:15:28. > :15:30.2000 and 2010, while the number of children travelling by car
:15:30. > :15:33.increased by 5% over the same period.
:15:33. > :15:43.Back in Billesley, the parking has not just upset the authorities but
:15:43. > :15:45.
:15:45. > :15:51.other parents too. I do drive, but I either just park on one of the
:15:51. > :15:57.other roads and take the extra five minutes to walk. I would say that
:15:57. > :16:05.anyone who does absolutely not need to drive, should simply use their
:16:05. > :16:08.legs a bit more. And barriers have now been erected to keep their cars
:16:08. > :16:10.away. And those drivers who do continue
:16:10. > :16:13.to upset residents face fines of between �30 and �70.
:16:13. > :16:16.Still ahead for you tonight... Aston Villa's new signings - can
:16:16. > :16:21.they get the fans believing again? And warm tomorrow, but wild by the
:16:21. > :16:31.weekend. The former Hurricane Katia is on the rampage. How bad could it
:16:31. > :16:33.
:16:33. > :16:36.get? Find out later. One likely consequence of the rise
:16:36. > :16:40.in university tuition fees is that students will choose to study at
:16:40. > :16:43.their local university and save money by living at home. But not
:16:43. > :16:50.one Shropshire student. She will be studying 1,000 miles from home and
:16:50. > :16:53.reckons it will save her tens of thousands of pounds.
:16:53. > :16:59.Harriet Moore from Booley in North Shropshire gets to grips with the
:16:59. > :17:02.practical side of her chosen profession.
:17:02. > :17:05.She is doing work experience with a vet in Shropshire before returning
:17:05. > :17:15.to Kosice University in Slovakia to do her final year in veterinary
:17:15. > :17:19.
:17:20. > :17:23.science. The main reason was money. It was my second degree and to do
:17:23. > :17:27.another would have cost �17,000 the year.
:17:27. > :17:30.So she did some research and found she could study abroad for a lot
:17:30. > :17:33.less. The cost here was high because she had already done a
:17:33. > :17:35.degree in zoology. Harriet was told it would cost �17,000 a year to
:17:35. > :17:45.study veterinary science as a second degree at Liverpool
:17:45. > :17:45.
:17:45. > :17:48.University three years ago. A figure which today is closer to
:17:48. > :17:51.�20,000. In Slovakia, she is paying �5,700 a year. The course in
:17:51. > :17:58.Slovakia is taught in English specifically for overseas students
:17:58. > :18:03.and she will be qualified to work in the UK. A I know lot of people
:18:03. > :18:06.who have been qualified and they are now doing fantastically.
:18:06. > :18:09.Ironically, the vet she is working with came here from Belgium, as he
:18:09. > :18:16.preferred to practise in this country. As a partner in his firm
:18:16. > :18:21.in Hanwood, he would have no qualms with employing someone like Harriet.
:18:21. > :18:28.I'm would have no problems with that. It is the practical aspects
:18:28. > :18:34.of it. I think all the degrees have got a high-level of Theory, so the
:18:34. > :18:40.day of the knowledge, but you just have to be practically changed -
:18:40. > :18:43.Macro practically trained. So as students here worry about the
:18:43. > :18:45.prospect of higher fees next year, Harriet is proving that it is
:18:45. > :18:48.possible to achieve her ambition and gain life experience.
:18:48. > :18:52.It was something his parents thought they would never see - the
:18:52. > :18:54.first day at school for their son who was born with a rare type of
:18:55. > :19:04.liver disease. Four-year-old James Jenkins needed a transplant for a
:19:04. > :19:09.condition that affects just one in 17,000 babies. Meet James Jenkins,
:19:09. > :19:17.who is making a big splash in Worcester. After catching up on
:19:17. > :19:26.television with his sister has, it was ready to get to school. He was
:19:26. > :19:32.born with a serious liver problem. He was three months old when it was
:19:32. > :19:39.detected. He had a life-saving liver transplant at just eleven
:19:39. > :19:46.months old. We never dreamed that he would be able to get to five and
:19:46. > :19:56.be able to go to school. It was James leading the way to school
:19:56. > :20:01.
:20:01. > :20:11.this morning. Ring the bell. That top one. And now the moment that
:20:11. > :20:12.
:20:12. > :20:16.his mum what is waiting for. James was soon making new friends. Every
:20:17. > :20:24.day, children are diagnosed with serious liver problems and the
:20:24. > :20:30.family are now trying to raise awareness of the problem., advice
:20:30. > :20:37.to parents is if the new born jaundice continues after two weeks,
:20:37. > :20:45.go and see your doctor. Jaime is is in good health and in the first
:20:45. > :20:55.assembly, they all looked a bit too tired from all the plane. They will
:20:55. > :20:56.
:20:56. > :21:04.soon have plenty more time to learn all the words. Do you think he is
:21:04. > :21:08.watching at the moment? I hope so. I hope he is just as enthusiastic
:21:08. > :21:11.about going back to school tomorrow!
:21:11. > :21:15.Onto sport now and the Aston Villa manager Alex McLeish admits they
:21:15. > :21:18.are unable to compete with the big money clubs of the Premier League.
:21:18. > :21:21.But he hopes that the new signings of Jermaine Jenas and Alan Hutton
:21:21. > :21:24.will lift their chances of being in the next bracket of clubs chasing
:21:24. > :21:27.European honours. One is a young Englishman looking to play for his
:21:27. > :21:30.country again. The other is a Scottish defender who knows his new
:21:30. > :21:39.manager well. And Alex McLeish hopes Alan Hutton and Jermaine
:21:39. > :21:49.Jenas can make a difference to Aston Villa. And no Alan Hutton
:21:49. > :21:50.
:21:50. > :21:58.from my days at Scotland and at Rangers. And Germaine is a very
:21:58. > :22:01.bright player. He is the player who wants to make up for lost time.
:22:01. > :22:04.Both players have come from Tottenham - Jenas on loan and
:22:04. > :22:11.Hutton as a transfer. Neither see it as a backwards step, despite
:22:11. > :22:19.Spurs finishing higher in the last two seasons. A I think both squads
:22:19. > :22:25.are very strong. It can just be a case of getting a few victories
:22:25. > :22:35.together inner succession. Seoul will the new signings make a
:22:35. > :22:39.difference? Yes, I think they should do the job for us. At would
:22:39. > :22:45.have liked to have seen a few more, but they seemed like some good
:22:45. > :22:47.signings. We will soon find out if Villa have spent the money wisely.
:22:47. > :22:52.Warwickshire are on course to go top of cricket's county
:22:52. > :22:54.championship with a match to play, after a good day at Edgbaston. This
:22:54. > :22:59.evening, the Bears declared to put Nottinghamshire into bat chasing a
:22:59. > :23:03.massive 574 just to finish the first innings on level terms. Notts
:23:03. > :23:12.closed the second day on 86-1. The Bears total of 574-7 included
:23:12. > :23:16.centuries for Ian Westwood, Rikki Clarke and captain Jim Troughton.
:23:16. > :23:18.This weekend, we will all have a chance to take a look at some
:23:18. > :23:22.hidden treasures - buildings that are usually private or off limits,
:23:22. > :23:25.but are part of our heritage. So you could step inside the home of a
:23:25. > :23:31.16th-Century weaver or even find out the fascinating history of a
:23:31. > :23:33.Birmingham graveyard and the secrets it holds.
:23:33. > :23:36.A desperate shortage of burial space in booming 19th-Century
:23:36. > :23:41.Birminhgham forced our forefathers to open one of the country's first
:23:41. > :23:44.public cemeteries. Now, across seven acres and after 150 years, a
:23:44. > :23:54.team of volunteers are uncovering and preserving the stories of the
:23:54. > :23:57.
:23:57. > :24:04.100,000 people buried at Warstone Lane Cemetery. This is the reminder
:24:04. > :24:10.of all the people from here that worked in all these trades. It is
:24:10. > :24:12.way the city became the second city in the British Empire. Glass-
:24:12. > :24:15.fronted catacombs were trialled here, but abandoned for more
:24:15. > :24:17.traditional tombs. Plaques remember James Cooper, who won a Victoria
:24:18. > :24:21.Cross, but was buried in an unmarked public grave, and those
:24:21. > :24:27.lost in the tragedy of the Titanic, but remembered by relatives at home.
:24:27. > :24:32.This weekend, volunteers will be sharing the secrets of the cemetery.
:24:32. > :24:42.There are people here who are long forgotten about who were very
:24:42. > :24:48.
:24:48. > :24:57.famous in their day. You could come across any sort of Gen. Like this
:24:57. > :25:07.weaving cottage. This offers a unique insight into a Kraft man's
:25:07. > :25:11.
:25:11. > :25:17.life. The all reflect the merchant classes and above. A it is hoped
:25:17. > :25:27.this weekend's three nationwide event will hit make people remember
:25:27. > :25:27.
:25:27. > :25:30.are unique and fascinating heritage. Across the region, there are more
:25:30. > :25:33.than 300 venues for the public to visit and there are hundreds more
:25:33. > :25:40.historic places throwing open their doors from tomorrow. You can find
:25:40. > :25:50.lots more details by going to heritageopendays.org.uk. Let us
:25:50. > :25:54.
:25:54. > :26:04.Yes, we have got their it remains of the hurricane from America
:26:04. > :26:04.
:26:04. > :26:12.heading or away, and it could bring us some strong winds and rain. All
:26:12. > :26:22.these blue areas represent rain coming our way. Before that, for
:26:22. > :26:24.
:26:25. > :26:34.tomorrow, I think we can enjoy the warm day of the week. We have got
:26:34. > :26:38.this area of rain coming from north to south. You can see temperatures
:26:38. > :26:46.no long lower than 14 degrees Celsius overnight. Tomorrow morning,
:26:46. > :26:54.that is the good part. It is dry, and as the morning develops, we
:26:54. > :27:00.will see some bright spells. It could spark off the odd shower, but
:27:01. > :27:08.it should beat the Friday or any name for most of us. Tenby just
:27:08. > :27:16.getting up to 21 degrees Celsius. Tomorrow night, very warm, but a
:27:16. > :27:20.bit of moisture around. The make the most of tomorrow.
:27:20. > :27:22.A look at tonight's main headlines. An inquiry condemns the appalling,
:27:22. > :27:30.gratuitous violence meted out by British soldiers that led to the
:27:30. > :27:32.And we were slow to react to the riots, but quickly changed our