:00:13. > :00:16.This is BBC World News Today with me, Tim Willcox.
:00:16. > :00:23.Wanted by the International Criminal Court - these are Libyan
:00:23. > :00:28.leader faces a in arrest warrant facing crimes -- charges of crimes
:00:28. > :00:33.against Howe -- against humanity. In Libya, the rebels plead for more
:00:33. > :00:40.help from you give. They did their best in the first few days but we
:00:40. > :00:45.need more. China's premier tells Britain not
:00:45. > :00:51.to. Its finger at his country's record on human rights as he signs
:00:51. > :00:56.a �1.4 billion trade deal with the Abandoning ship - but what caused
:00:56. > :01:00.the internet anarchists that caused panic at Sony and the CIA to set --
:01:00. > :01:10.shot up shot. And how Australia is looking
:01:10. > :01:14.
:01:14. > :01:16.Eastwards rather than relying on the west.
:01:16. > :01:19.Welcome. Judges at the International Criminal Court in the
:01:19. > :01:24.Hague have issued an arrest warrant for Colonel Gaddafi for crimes
:01:24. > :01:30.against humanity. Warrants have been issued for his son, Saif al-
:01:30. > :01:39.Islam, and his brother-in-law, the head of military intelligence. They
:01:39. > :01:43.came on the 100th day of coalition intervention in Libyan. -- in Libya.
:01:43. > :01:50.Although graduate -- rebels say they are making progress, they are
:01:50. > :01:58.continuing to criticise NATO for acting too slowly.
:01:58. > :02:02.This was his very first day on the front line. Already, nine -- this
:02:02. > :02:06.19-year-old is being wheeled into surgery. A rocket has torn into his
:02:06. > :02:14.leg. Yet another casualty in a besieged city where defiance is
:02:14. > :02:19.curdling into frustration. I do not think NATO is helping as
:02:19. > :02:25.much as they should be. There is a lot of delay. Last Friday we had so
:02:25. > :02:29.many dead bodies. We have dead bodies every day.
:02:29. > :02:37.The man's brother has just been told that amputation is the only
:02:37. > :02:44.option. A 19-year-old boy. Still in college.
:02:44. > :02:52.They are going to amputate his leg. For what? Because he is fighting
:02:52. > :03:02.for his freedom, that is all. The city's weary defenders pause
:03:02. > :03:03.
:03:03. > :03:09.for prayer. During a lull on the phone lines. Four weeks they have
:03:09. > :03:17.held by ground, despite daily bombardment. -- held their ground.
:03:17. > :03:21.Ahead of them, the road to Tripoli remains blocked.
:03:21. > :03:31.We do not understand why Nato does not destroy Gaddafi's tanks, he
:03:31. > :03:36.says. When a rebel general arrives to
:03:36. > :03:42.inspect this rag-tag army, the men complain that they lack bullets and
:03:42. > :03:47.guns. This front line visit is designed
:03:47. > :03:52.to boost morale amongst fighters here but the general's message is
:03:52. > :04:01.not encouraging. Without far greater Nato air support, he says,
:04:01. > :04:09.to war is still going nowhere. Is Nato doing enough here? No. If we
:04:09. > :04:17.need more from Nato. They did their best in the last few days but we
:04:17. > :04:22.need more. We need more and more. As for his former boss, Colonel
:04:22. > :04:27.Gaddafi, stepping down... He will not do it. If we do not kill him we
:04:27. > :04:33.will not do anything. The gloom of another evening in
:04:33. > :04:40.Misrata. A ruined, isolated city. Yet, just miles from here, in
:04:40. > :04:46.neighbouring towns, Nato is starting to make a bigger impact.
:04:46. > :04:52.We heard the sound of helicopters and the sound of bombs from the sea,
:04:52. > :04:59.from ships in the sea. It is a sudden increase. Nato is
:04:59. > :05:05.attacking more now? Yes. If they continue like these days for three
:05:05. > :05:10.off for days more, the forces of Gaddafi will be decreased and the
:05:10. > :05:16.rebels from Misrata can and -- can enter the city.
:05:16. > :05:25.A so time may yet be on the side of the rebels. But, while the City
:05:25. > :05:31.waits with shrines to the fallen, new faces are being added every day.
:05:31. > :05:40.Let's speak to the Nato spokeswoman Oana Lungescu. Why is Nato so
:05:40. > :05:45.painstakingly slow? Nato has to be painstakingly careful about
:05:45. > :05:50.targeting because we are doing our utmost to avoid civilian casualties
:05:50. > :05:58.on the ground, which is why sometimes it may seem to take
:05:58. > :06:03.longer than maybe some would like it to, but remember that our
:06:03. > :06:07.mission under Resolution 1973 is to protect civilians against attacks
:06:07. > :06:15.and the threat of attacks. That is what we have been doing in the last
:06:15. > :06:20.90 days. Is it anything to do with NATO being under-resourced?
:06:20. > :06:25.Nato has the resources and the commitment and determination to
:06:25. > :06:30.continue until we see this mission through. Tomorrow we will start an
:06:30. > :06:34.extension of 90 days, another 90 days of this mission and there is
:06:34. > :06:39.that clear commitment from all Nato allies and our contributing
:06:39. > :06:42.partners, many from the region. It is important to see today the fact
:06:42. > :06:48.that the International Criminal Court has issued three arrest
:06:48. > :06:53.warrants for Colonel go after -- Colonel Gaddafi and two of his
:06:53. > :06:56.closest associates. It shows why Nato past this resolution and
:06:56. > :07:01.decided to act and why we are determined to keep up the pressure
:07:01. > :07:04.until the mandate is fulfilled. said that Nato had to be
:07:04. > :07:10.painstakingly careful but some would point out, when you compare
:07:10. > :07:14.this with the operation in Kosovo in 1989, only a third of the number
:07:15. > :07:22.of strikes have been carried out. do not think this is a contest
:07:22. > :07:29.about how many strikes you can carry out on any given day. It is
:07:29. > :07:33.according to the rebels. They want you to be far quicker. I do not
:07:33. > :07:39.think we can compare the situation in Kosovo with the situation in
:07:39. > :07:44.Libya. Did you is a vast country and we are taking, as we said, to
:07:44. > :07:54.great pains to ensure that we avoid civilian casualties. -- Libya is a
:07:54. > :07:56.
:07:56. > :08:00.vast country. Our record shows that, with over 12,000 sorties and over
:08:00. > :08:06.5,000 strikes, they might have been very few casualties. We will
:08:06. > :08:09.continue to take great care to avoid casualties because that is
:08:09. > :08:14.our mission and that is what Colonel Gaddafi has been doing
:08:14. > :08:18.deliberately from the start, to target civilians. Our mission is to
:08:19. > :08:24.protect civilians. You have made that point several times but how
:08:24. > :08:30.much of this is to do with the lack of consensus within Nato about
:08:30. > :08:35.precisely what this operation should involve? There is actually
:08:35. > :08:39.very strong consensus about what this mission is all about. All
:08:39. > :08:44.decisions within Nato are taken by consensus and the decision to
:08:44. > :08:50.extend his operation by another 90 days was taken by consensus, not
:08:50. > :08:54.only by all 28 and allies but also by our operational partners in
:08:54. > :09:01.Egypt... The Italian foreign minister was calling for a
:09:01. > :09:06.suspension of hostilities to allow aid in. I think the Foreign
:09:06. > :09:12.Minister, Mr fatty meat, was one of the 28 ministers who in April
:09:12. > :09:17.decided very clearly what the three military goals are, and they are,
:09:17. > :09:25.first, an immediate end to attacks on civilians, secondly, with rural
:09:25. > :09:31.to bat -- garrison bases of Gaddafi's forces, and, third, free
:09:31. > :09:36.humanitarian access to all who needed. Nato has done its utmost to
:09:36. > :09:41.facilitate humanitarian deliveries across Libya, including many in
:09:41. > :09:48.Misrata. They might have been just over 500 humanitarian missions in
:09:48. > :09:52.the last three months. -- and there have been.
:09:52. > :09:56.Let's get more on this in Misrata with Bridget Kendall. What is the
:09:56. > :10:04.feeling about how this might complicate or speed up any
:10:04. > :10:09.diplomatic outcome that could see Gaddafi leaving Tripoli? I must say,
:10:09. > :10:13.the immediate reaction here in Benghazi is utter jubilation. The
:10:13. > :10:18.whole city behind me has been resounding with the sound of
:10:18. > :10:22.gunfire and blaring horns all afternoon and into the evening, as
:10:22. > :10:27.particularly young men in pick-up trucks race around the town waving
:10:27. > :10:31.flags to show their front -- satisfaction at the news that there
:10:31. > :10:34.is an arrest warrant for Gaddafi. Those who think about things in a
:10:34. > :10:39.little more seasoned way in the leadership are wondering whether
:10:39. > :10:46.there might be a possibility of bringing, if not Gaddafi himself,
:10:46. > :10:54.or at least his closest aides to the width -- negotiating table.
:10:54. > :10:57.They may be wondering if this makes it harder because, if he knows
:10:57. > :11:02.there is an international arrest warrant for him, he may be less
:11:02. > :11:07.inclined to back down. Some rebel leaders have spoken optimistically
:11:07. > :11:15.about maybe finishing despite the start of Ramadan. Is that what they
:11:15. > :11:19.really feel privately? I think that is what they hope. They would like
:11:19. > :11:24.to have it over because it is the holy month and they do not want
:11:24. > :11:29.this still to be going on. If it has been 100 days of the Nato
:11:29. > :11:34.campaign, for people in Benghazi it is over four months of normal life
:11:34. > :11:39.suspended since the beginning of the uprising. The local government
:11:39. > :11:44.is finding itself short of cash, the hospitals are finding that they
:11:44. > :11:49.are running out of drugs. Everybody wants this to be over as soon as
:11:49. > :11:53.possible because every -- ordinary life is difficult. None of the
:11:53. > :11:56.children are at school. They look at the things they see happening,
:11:56. > :12:01.the advance for example from the south-west of Tripoli, where it
:12:01. > :12:09.seems as though rebel fighters have moved forward some 10: it has
:12:09. > :12:14.perhaps been the last 24 hours. -- 10 kilometres. To rebel leaders
:12:14. > :12:20.should say they are coming out with interesting information about
:12:20. > :12:25.dwindling morale in those around Gaddafi. Overall, the international
:12:25. > :12:31.pressure, of which the ICC and announcement is one aspect, there
:12:31. > :12:34.is a hope in this city that things might be moving.
:12:34. > :12:38.Let's look at some of the day's other news. The Syrian government
:12:38. > :12:43.has invited the opposition to discuss the framework for a
:12:43. > :12:46.national dialogue. It is shortly after a group of dissidents called
:12:46. > :12:50.for a peaceful transition to democracy. The state news agency
:12:50. > :12:54.said the door was being opened to all Syrians to take part in
:12:54. > :12:59.building a pluralistic society. Print -- French President Nicolas
:12:59. > :13:02.Sarkozy says that French banks are ready to offer new loans voluntary
:13:02. > :13:09.to Greece to stop at dens defaulting. He said banks would
:13:09. > :13:16.give Greece 30 years for to pay them back.
:13:16. > :13:20.And there have been new outbreaks of violence in Northern Nigeria. On
:13:20. > :13:26.Sunday, dozens of people were killed in three separate attacks
:13:26. > :13:32.which police blamed on an Islamist sect.
:13:32. > :13:35.A US congresswomen Michelle back man has formally started her
:13:35. > :13:44.campaign for the 2012 presidential elections. She described herself as
:13:44. > :13:46.a bold choice. She is among the favourites to secure the Republican
:13:46. > :13:51.nomination. A group of computer hackers who
:13:51. > :13:56.targeted website around the world has announced it is stopping its
:13:56. > :14:01.campaign. Lulzsec deigned high- profile due to its targets,
:14:01. > :14:05.including the CIA. -- gained a high profile. It will sign off by
:14:05. > :14:10.releasing hundreds of files full of sensitive information.
:14:10. > :14:18.It seems that the good ship has sailed for hackers are bought the
:14:18. > :14:25.Lulzsec vessel. After 50 days of releasing vast cashs off data, it
:14:25. > :14:30.is as moving on to new avenues. The announcement was as faceless as the
:14:30. > :14:38.campaign itself, made in a posting on Twitter, leading many experts to
:14:38. > :14:42.In the past few weeks rival hackers on the internet have been annoyed
:14:42. > :14:46.by these guys. They have been trying to find out their identities
:14:46. > :14:50.and out them to the public and potentially to law-enforcement. It
:14:50. > :14:59.may be that it was getting to what in the kitchen and they decided it
:14:59. > :15:09.was time to exit. It was at this home in the south of England that
:15:09. > :15:09.
:15:09. > :15:14.Ryan Cleary was arrested on suspicion of organising the
:15:14. > :15:19.bringing down of the serious organised crime agency. It is
:15:19. > :15:23.thought that LulzSec was a front for disaffected members of
:15:24. > :15:28.Anonymous, a much larger on-line community which took credit for
:15:28. > :15:32.bringing down the MasterCard system last year. But with its faceless
:15:32. > :15:36.nature, how long before the next anarchic crew comes to the fore and
:15:36. > :15:41.how long before the next big four out?
:15:41. > :15:47.I have been speaking to its Ian Brown of the Oxford internet
:15:48. > :15:51.Institute. He explained why they might have decided to disband now.
:15:51. > :15:55.Partly increasing pressure from investigations, we have seen one
:15:55. > :15:59.person arrested although it is not clear how central he was to all of
:15:59. > :16:05.this. Secondly, in some ways they have achieved what they set out to
:16:05. > :16:09.do. They have got huge Jo Paul -- global publicity over the last few
:16:09. > :16:14.weeks. They said that they were in it for laughs and to show off took
:16:14. > :16:19.their fellows hackers and they have done that successfully. They have
:16:19. > :16:24.been very audacious but it sounds like they were quite a vindictive
:16:24. > :16:28.bunch. One person has already been arrested, could that have brought
:16:28. > :16:31.it for the disbandment of this group? They were mainly doing this
:16:31. > :16:34.not have that for crime, not to make money but to show off. It is
:16:34. > :16:39.always going to be slightly worrying for a group like that if
:16:39. > :16:44.someone is caught by the police. Beware publicity hungry, when
:16:44. > :16:47.state? I wonder if the fact that it is a leaderless group makes it more
:16:47. > :16:51.anarchic and potentially more dangerous. The difficulty with a
:16:51. > :16:54.group like this is that even if you want to negotiate with them, make
:16:54. > :16:58.them offers, can you do it effectively? They may be some
:16:58. > :17:02.people within the group that would be willing to talk to but there may
:17:02. > :17:06.be others that you have no ability to stop or influence. There are
:17:06. > :17:09.much wider lessons to be learned here when it comes to internet
:17:09. > :17:14.security. When you think that they managed to get into the Senate and
:17:14. > :17:17.the CIA, what does that tell you about their defences? It is a
:17:17. > :17:25.reminder that society is increasingly putting a great deal
:17:25. > :17:31.of trust and dependence in internet contracted computer systems. --
:17:31. > :17:36.internet connected. Governments and businesses really need to put a lot
:17:36. > :17:41.more effort into designing systems that cannot be trivially taken over
:17:42. > :17:46.by a group of, in some cases, teenage hackers. Are we looking at
:17:46. > :17:50.people of a very young age group or people who have worked within the
:17:50. > :17:53.organisation's who were trying to reach some sort of vengeance
:17:53. > :17:56.against an organisation they might have been sacked from in the past?
:17:56. > :18:01.It is hard to know because this group of people have been
:18:01. > :18:04.reasonably successful in protecting their anonymity. From the type of
:18:04. > :18:09.attack they have done I do not been they needed any particular
:18:09. > :18:13.expertise or insider knowledge. It is quite feasible that they were a
:18:13. > :18:16.group of largely young people are just doing it for laughs. As you
:18:16. > :18:19.say, no financial gain but that is the worry when it comes to grips
:18:19. > :18:24.like this because they could cause a lot of havoc and steal millions
:18:24. > :18:26.of pounds if they get into the right systems. You do not know what
:18:26. > :18:31.some of the members of this group might have been intending to do
:18:31. > :18:35.with these very large quantities of data that they have managed to grab.
:18:35. > :18:40.Of course, we have no idea what other groups who are less publicity
:18:40. > :18:43.hungry have been doing. If this one group can breaking so easily to
:18:43. > :18:50.these large importance sides, who knows what is going on behind the
:18:50. > :18:54.scenes. China's Premier, Wen Jiabao, has
:18:54. > :18:59.told Britain not to. Its finger at his country's record on human
:18:59. > :19:05.rights. He has signed business deals worth more than $2 billion
:19:05. > :19:12.with the UK. The British Prime Minister rejected suggestions that
:19:13. > :19:18.it trade was being secured at the expense of human rights.
:19:18. > :19:21.Marching bands, soldiers on parade and a man in a feathered hat. The
:19:21. > :19:28.Foreign Office this morning, the Chinese Premier was given all the
:19:28. > :19:33.ceremony that Britain can lay on for a foreign leader visiting.
:19:33. > :19:39.There was a warning from David Cameron that China must do more to
:19:39. > :19:45.respect human rights to ensure its stability and prosperity. We should
:19:45. > :19:49.show each other respect. But we are very clear that political and
:19:49. > :19:54.economic development should go hand in hand. One supports the other.
:19:54. > :19:58.Downing Street said that Mr Cameron raise specific cases of human
:19:58. > :20:03.rights concerns over lunch. Mr Wen was equally robust are saying that
:20:03. > :20:06.states should not a lecture one another. TRANSLATION: On human
:20:06. > :20:13.rights, China and the United Kingdom should respect each other,
:20:13. > :20:18.respect the fact, treat each other as equals, engaged in more
:20:18. > :20:23.corporation than finger-pointing and resolve properly our
:20:23. > :20:27.differences are through dialogue. Sometimes diplomacy needs to be
:20:27. > :20:33.decoded but not today. Diplomats said that Premier when's stern
:20:33. > :20:37.words about Britain not pointing the finger at China reflected
:20:37. > :20:41.genuine irritation at being repeatedly pressed over his
:20:41. > :20:48.country's record. The question is whether his inept -- irritation got
:20:48. > :20:57.in the way of the trade deals. For the moment it seems not, around the
:20:57. > :21:04.table they agreed �1.4 billion of deals. All of this was to address
:21:04. > :21:14.Britain's poor record of exploring goods to China. Wen Jiabao promised
:21:14. > :21:14.
:21:14. > :21:20.a couple of pandas for Edinburgh Zoo, too. China had hoped that the
:21:20. > :21:27.release of Ai Weiwei and other activists would a snooze Wen
:21:27. > :21:32.Jiabao's of visit to the UK. His firm response today suggests that
:21:32. > :21:37.he has got the message. As Europe tries to court China, one
:21:37. > :21:41.that country that has benefited from the power of Asia is Australia.
:21:41. > :21:45.Australia has not experienced a recession in 20 years, a large part
:21:45. > :21:48.of the reason is the growth of a share. But Australia is still an
:21:48. > :21:58.Anglophone country which has traditionally been reluctant to
:21:58. > :22:07.
:22:07. > :22:12.In the heart of Sydney, the Chinese friendship garden. It was opened in
:22:12. > :22:16.the late 1980s when Australia started we orientating itself
:22:16. > :22:22.towards Asia. A region it had not quite shunned but had hardly
:22:22. > :22:27.embraced. Now Australian schoolchildren come here to learn
:22:27. > :22:31.about Chinese culture. By the time they reach adulthood, China could
:22:31. > :22:35.be the biggest economy in the world. And one that is increasingly vital
:22:35. > :22:40.to Australia's continuing prosperity. Australia is being
:22:40. > :22:43.pulled in all sorts of different directions. There is still the
:22:43. > :22:46.constitutional and sentimental attachment to Britain. The Queen is
:22:46. > :22:56.still the head of state. There is the defence partnership with
:22:56. > :23:00.America. Increasingly there is a commercial rapport with Beijing.
:23:00. > :23:08.China is the country's biggest trading partner. From an economic
:23:08. > :23:12.perspective Australia's future lies very much in Asia. This is one of
:23:12. > :23:18.the country's most prestigious private schools were 15% of the
:23:18. > :23:23.pupils are of Asian background. Each year it holds a cultural died
:23:23. > :23:32.-- cultural diversity assembly. It is taking on an increasingly Asian
:23:32. > :23:40.flavour. If Australia cannot succeed in Asia, it cannot survive
:23:40. > :23:43.anywhere, the former prime minister once said. We know that by about
:23:43. > :23:47.2030 the two major trading countries in the world will be
:23:47. > :23:54.India and China. We need to ensure that our students have a good
:23:54. > :23:57.understanding of the culture of these nations. We have introduced
:23:57. > :24:02.of mandarin in our junior school and it will reach high school next
:24:02. > :24:06.year. We have Japanese for our senior students. We also make sure
:24:07. > :24:14.that we have an emphasis on Asia and Asian culture in our work here
:24:14. > :24:19.so that our students feel very comfortable with that emphasis.
:24:19. > :24:23.These are Asian Australian students being taught to learn Japanese. It
:24:23. > :24:27.is the most widely studied foreign language in Australia. In recent
:24:27. > :24:32.years there has been a surge in demand for Mandarin Chinese with
:24:32. > :24:36.the teaching of other Asian languages in school here in decline.
:24:36. > :24:44.To some that is evidence of a growing parochialism in national
:24:44. > :24:48.life. And is certain reluctance to become affiliation literate. Part
:24:48. > :24:53.of the complacency that has certain is that we have been incredibly
:24:53. > :24:56.successful without really even trying to understand the region.
:24:56. > :25:00.The very logical conclusion that people might have drawn from that
:25:00. > :25:06.is that we really do not have to try that hard to succeed in Asia. I
:25:06. > :25:12.think that is a very mistaken view to have.
:25:12. > :25:16.Eight community festival in a once mainly white suburb of Sydney.
:25:16. > :25:22.Almost 10% of the Australian population is now of Asian descent
:25:22. > :25:31.and the number of Asian Chinese born Australians has increased
:25:31. > :25:39.sixfold. Despite a heavy reliance on China this remains a very Anglo
:25:39. > :25:43.centric nation. We all know in Australia how dependent we are now
:25:43. > :25:50.with our prosperity on Asia in general and China in particular. We
:25:50. > :25:53.have never really made the emotional or the cultural leap from
:25:53. > :25:58.placing Europe and America at the centre of our consciousness. We
:25:58. > :26:02.have never really done that and we certainly have not done it now.
:26:02. > :26:06.That is what makes it so hard for those that advocate greater
:26:06. > :26:15.cultural awareness and language ability to break away from those
:26:15. > :26:18.very Anglophone tendencies that we have. Polls show that Australians
:26:18. > :26:23.welcome the economic growth of China but feared that it could
:26:23. > :26:33.become a military threat. They are watching its raised with a sense of
:26:33. > :26:36.
:26:36. > :26:44.A quick reminder of our main news, the international criminal court
:26:44. > :26:49.has issued arrest warrants form ma ma Gaddafi, his son, Saif, and also
:26:49. > :26:59.his intelligence officer. All three are accused of crimes against
:26:59. > :27:04.
:27:04. > :27:09.humanity in the uprising that began What a day it has been. Barely 13
:27:09. > :27:14.degrees in Scotland, the low 30s in England. Tomorrow the temperatures
:27:14. > :27:18.are down for much of the UK and it will feel fresher behind this
:27:19. > :27:23.weather front. It will take thunderstorms across eastern
:27:23. > :27:29.England overnight. There will be torrential downpour -- downpours in
:27:29. > :27:33.places. There will be a cloudier day in the south-east. Let us take
:27:33. > :27:38.a look at things at 4pm. It may keep a lot of cloud in Yorkshire
:27:38. > :27:45.and the Midlands with patchy rain from time to time. A cloudy day for
:27:45. > :27:49.East Anglia and the South West. The most noticeable feature for the
:27:49. > :27:53.weather will be a temperature much lower compared with today. In the
:27:53. > :27:59.south-west there will be a mixture of patchy cloud and sunny spells. A
:27:59. > :28:02.similar story in Wales. Sunny spells in north-west England, for
:28:02. > :28:06.Northern Ireland after a bright start we see a bit of cloud
:28:06. > :28:10.building and triggering the odd shower. A few showers will pepper
:28:10. > :28:15.the far north-west of Scotland. Elsewhere in Scotland it will be a