:00:14. > :00:20.4th this ears BBC World News Today we need him Wilcox. Will there be a
:00:20. > :00:25.selective default for Greece? A bail-out could produce another
:00:25. > :00:30.bail-out for the country. Having fired the imagination of a
:00:30. > :00:36.generation, and its place in history secured, the space shuttle
:00:36. > :00:43.palls into port for the last time. Its voyage is at an end. My show
:00:43. > :00:47.and accomplished. Anand is lands safely bring in a the space shuttle
:00:47. > :00:57.programme to a close -- Atlantis. They can be no whitewash at the
:00:57. > :01:06.White House. Is the News Of The World phone hacking scandal Rupert
:01:06. > :01:16.Murdoch's what -- Watergate? And the BBC has the first unrestricted
:01:16. > :01:23.
:01:23. > :01:27.access to the north of Sri Lanka. Welcome. Euros in the leaders are
:01:27. > :01:33.locked in discussion at an emergency summit to hammer out a
:01:33. > :01:38.rescue package for three Greek economy. It is not just Greece that
:01:38. > :01:46.is a concern, but the currency itself. Global markets and the
:01:46. > :01:51.value of the euro rose as a draft was lead.
:01:51. > :01:58.They arrived with warnings in their ears. Failure is not an option. The
:01:58. > :02:04.survival of the single currency is at stake. What is emerging is a
:02:04. > :02:08.series of measures to help countries before they get into
:02:08. > :02:13.trouble and to buy back debt at discount prices. It has been
:02:13. > :02:18.proposed that as part of a second bail-out for Greece, private
:02:18. > :02:23.institutions like banks will agreed to buy more Greek bonds when they
:02:23. > :02:27.expire or allow more time before they get their money back. There
:02:27. > :02:32.needs to be a solution everyone can live with. The biggest decisions
:02:32. > :02:37.will have to be made by the most powerful economy in the eurozone,
:02:37. > :02:42.Germany. It has done well out of the single currency and its exports
:02:42. > :02:48.have boomed. In one way or another, it will have to dig deep into its
:02:48. > :02:54.pockets. That means this process is fraught with political and economic
:02:54. > :03:00.Risk. It will be expensive and market reaction to any deal can
:03:00. > :03:07.change quickly. The interest rate they will pay you will extend
:03:07. > :03:12.maturity is but they need a cut on the value of greed that. It will go
:03:12. > :03:17.into a selective default. That is if there is a bond swaps.
:03:17. > :03:21.alternative is confusion leading to contagion. And economic troubles
:03:22. > :03:27.spreading to bigger economies like Spain and Italy. That would prove
:03:27. > :03:32.more expensive. The euro would be in mortal danger and instability
:03:32. > :03:37.would friend the entire global economy.
:03:37. > :03:41.-- it would threaten. We can go to art diplomatic correspondent. We
:03:41. > :03:50.have been expecting a press conference. What is holding things
:03:50. > :03:57.up? We have to accept this is a complex deal. It involves the
:03:57. > :04:05.governments of the eurozone and the banks and central banks. And the
:04:05. > :04:09.International Monetary Fund. The director of the IMF is here. It
:04:09. > :04:16.puts money into these rescue packages as well. There is no
:04:16. > :04:23.surprise we are going into the night. The markets seem reassured
:04:23. > :04:27.by what appears to be emerging as a potential deal. The feeling is that
:04:27. > :04:30.the eurozone has gone further than before to address those in the
:04:30. > :04:40.markets to think that previous rescue packages have not been
:04:40. > :04:45.adequate. We have not got a deal. But, it looks as if something
:04:45. > :04:50.definite will emerge that could buy a serious time for the eurozone,
:04:50. > :04:56.even if it does not resolve the doubt about long-term stability
:04:56. > :05:01.about the eurozone. We can speak to a member of the
:05:01. > :05:09.European Parliament. As you understand things, how much ground
:05:09. > :05:14.has Angela Merkel had to give? her it was important to win the
:05:14. > :05:21.battle. She has lost too many battles in the past to during the
:05:21. > :05:25.Euro crisis. If she would have said in 2009 we will rescue Greece,
:05:25. > :05:31.whatever happens, we would not have had that crisis. This is an
:05:31. > :05:38.important signal to the markets. I think she has won the most
:05:38. > :05:43.important point. How will German people react? It seems they are
:05:43. > :05:48.split down the middle about what should be done. In Germany, if it
:05:48. > :05:55.comes to the question of the euro rescue package, people are against.
:05:55. > :06:01.But, they vote for parties in favour of the euro rescue package.
:06:01. > :06:09.So, the Green Party and social democratic party wins, although
:06:09. > :06:15.they are in favour. It is like a paradox in Germany. People expect a
:06:15. > :06:22.leadership in Germany. That is what was missing in the past. It was not
:06:22. > :06:26.a straight line and people want a clear line. We think of
:06:26. > :06:32.institutions taking haircuts on this. What will it mean in terms of
:06:32. > :06:41.the German taxpayers putting into this and the losses among private
:06:41. > :06:48.institutions in Europe? To extend it is a myth that the German
:06:48. > :06:53.taxpayer has paid. Until now Germany has taken 200 million euros
:06:53. > :06:58.out of the crisis without paying one cent. It was an important issue
:06:58. > :07:03.for Germany that private investors take part in the crisis. It seems
:07:03. > :07:12.they are encouraged and will be encouraged on a volunteer basis to
:07:12. > :07:19.Exchange bombs and by this and also to paid their dues -- bonds. There
:07:19. > :07:27.will be a bank rescue fund with up to 30 billion at Euros in order to
:07:27. > :07:34.rescue especially the Greek banks that might suffer if the selective
:07:34. > :07:39.default prevails. Thank you. We can look at other
:07:39. > :07:44.news. The President of Malawi has rejected calls to step down despite
:07:44. > :07:49.the deaths of 18 people in anti- government riots. Protests in three
:07:49. > :07:54.cities turned up violent after the beating of human rights activists
:07:54. > :08:00.and journalists. The President promised to talk to the opposition.
:08:00. > :08:04.Four Kenyan veterans of the 1950s Mau Mau uprisings have won the
:08:04. > :08:10.right to sue the UK government relating to torture 50 years ago.
:08:10. > :08:15.They say they were subjected to brutality including sexual assault.
:08:15. > :08:21.TRANSLATION: I was castrated and humiliated and I have no family of
:08:21. > :08:26.my own. I am happy they have accepted our case. They must pay me.
:08:26. > :08:31.They have denied me a family that has tormented me all my life.
:08:31. > :08:37.Japanese man was sentenced to life for the rape and murder of British
:08:37. > :08:43.teacher Lindsay Ann Hawker whose body was found in a bath at Tatsuya
:08:43. > :08:46.Ichihashi's flat in 2007. He went on the run for over two years.
:08:47. > :08:53.The BBC understands that Prince Andrew is stepping down from his
:08:53. > :08:56.job as a special representative for trade and investment. He has been
:08:56. > :09:01.criticised for his association with an American businessman convicted
:09:01. > :09:07.of sex offences involving a girl under the age of consent.
:09:07. > :09:13.It is the end of an era. The US space shuttle has touched down for
:09:13. > :09:21.the final time, bringing to an end NASA's 30 year shuttle programme.
:09:21. > :09:25.The feet put satellites in orbit and launched the Hubble's telescope.
:09:25. > :09:31.Our correspondent looks at the age of space travel.
:09:31. > :09:35.Three-and-a-half minutes until touchdown. Two sonic booms as the
:09:35. > :09:40.shuttle appears in the night sky. This thermal image captures the
:09:40. > :09:46.nose cone in glowing white with extreme heat. Every landing is
:09:46. > :09:53.tense. One of those ended in disaster. This is the pilot's view.
:09:53. > :09:58.Emotions are running high for the final touchdown. Having fired the
:09:58. > :10:04.imagination of a generation, a craft like no other, its place in
:10:04. > :10:10.history secured, the shuttle comes into port for the last time. Its
:10:10. > :10:15.voyages at an end. Dawn at Cape Canaveral and the shuttles are
:10:16. > :10:19.flown for 30 years but now there is no immediate replacement. The
:10:19. > :10:25.astronauts are welcomed home. The commander made a sentimental plea
:10:25. > :10:29.for America to keep its role in space. I want the picture of a six-
:10:29. > :10:36.year old boy looking at the space shuttle in the museum and saying,
:10:36. > :10:42.daddy, I want to do something like that when I grow up. What did the
:10:42. > :10:46.shuttles achieve? They built the International Space Station. They
:10:46. > :10:52.launched the Hubble telescope, providing extraordinary glimpses of
:10:52. > :11:02.distant black -- Alex's. What will America do next in space --
:11:02. > :11:07.galaxies. Commercial operators with new spacecraft will be paid to do
:11:07. > :11:12.the job of going into orbit. That should free up NASA to send
:11:12. > :11:18.missions deeper into space, maybe as far as asteroids or even Mars,
:11:18. > :11:23.but only if there is the money. This animation shows how NASA aims
:11:23. > :11:30.to land on an asteroid. Planning is under way. It may be well --
:11:30. > :11:36.wishful thinking on a sad day. Tonight, the slow journey to
:11:36. > :11:41.retirement, watched by crowns. Thousands will lose jobs. 50 years
:11:41. > :11:47.ago America launched its first astronaut. Now, nobody is sure what
:11:47. > :11:51.will come next. We can talk to a scientist from
:11:51. > :11:56.Mullard Space Science Laboratory at University College in London.
:11:56. > :12:03.Flight commanders do not cry, but there will be sadness at the
:12:03. > :12:08.development. Absolutely. The programme has dominated space
:12:08. > :12:15.flight for three decades. It is sad to see it coming to an end.
:12:15. > :12:19.practical implications are dire for skilled engineers, 3000 who are due
:12:19. > :12:24.to lose their jobs. They are dedicated and highly trained.
:12:24. > :12:33.Unfortunately, they will be losing their jobs. They have known this
:12:33. > :12:39.was happening. The private sector, is that able to take those jobs?
:12:39. > :12:49.I'm sure it will do eventually. Some companies, including one that
:12:49. > :12:54.was in the lead to provide a replacement to take astronauts to
:12:54. > :13:00.the International Space Station. But there will be a gap before
:13:00. > :13:04.their spacecraft comes into service. What does it mean psychologically?
:13:04. > :13:09.When America has ended space programmes, it has always had
:13:09. > :13:14.another one. This is the first time in 50 years it has not. They have
:13:14. > :13:18.not decided which programme will replace the shuttle. There was a
:13:18. > :13:26.gap between the end of the Apollo programme and the shuttle, but they
:13:26. > :13:33.knew the shuttle was coming. It is an uncertain time. There is focus
:13:33. > :13:38.on what? Tyne and India, for example, and presumably Russia --
:13:38. > :13:44.China and India. Russia is competent and stuck to the same
:13:44. > :13:48.design since the 1960s. That was a better design and the shuttle?
:13:48. > :13:54.retrospect, they saved many in the long run by having disposable
:13:54. > :13:58.spacecraft. It was a basic but proficient design. The space
:13:58. > :14:02.shuttle was sophisticated and capable, able to return to the
:14:02. > :14:09.Hubble space telescope and fix it, at which she cannot do with any
:14:09. > :14:18.other spacecraft at the moment. -- which you cannot. But the Russians
:14:18. > :14:20.have probably run a more efficient The UK inquiry into phone hacking
:14:20. > :14:23.by journalists may be widening beyond News International.
:14:23. > :14:28.Detectives have asked for records of a 2003 inquiry which looked into
:14:28. > :14:31.the use of private investigators by reporters. It found journalists
:14:31. > :14:34.across the industry - working for broadsheets as well as tabloids -
:14:34. > :14:37.had paid for illegally obtained information. Britain's Deputy Prime
:14:37. > :14:44.Minister says the scandal has shaken the public's faith in the
:14:44. > :14:51.police, press and politicians. think we have a once in a
:14:51. > :14:56.generation opportunity to really clean up the murky practices and
:14:56. > :15:00.dodgy relationships which have taken root at the very heart of the
:15:00. > :15:04.British Establishment between press, politicians and the police. Some
:15:04. > :15:07.are already calling the scandal Britain's very own Watergate. The
:15:07. > :15:09.story about a burglary at a Washington hotel in 1972 ended with
:15:09. > :15:16.the first resignation of an American President, most of the
:15:16. > :15:19.corruption exposed by two young journalists at the Washington Post.
:15:19. > :15:25.Watergate became a household word on the night of 17th June, when
:15:25. > :15:30.five men were caught with burglary tolls and bugging devices and
:15:30. > :15:40.$5,000 in new $100 notes in a set of sixth-floor offices rented as
:15:40. > :15:41.
:15:41. > :15:43.its national headquarters by the Democratic Party. With the
:15:43. > :15:48.indictments completed, the government declared the
:15:48. > :15:55.investigation closed. That produced a cry of outrage from the Democrats.
:15:55. > :15:59.Well, they demanded, worthies seven men working for? -- who'll. We do
:15:59. > :16:03.not have hard evidence that the President had advance knowledge of
:16:03. > :16:09.the bugging. We've only seen the tip of the iceberg. They can be no
:16:09. > :16:12.whitewash at the White House. Watergate investigation has finally
:16:12. > :16:16.begun inside the caucus room here. It attracted the kind of attention
:16:16. > :16:20.that could only be given to a scandal of such magnitude. People
:16:20. > :16:28.have got to know whether or not their President is a crook. I'm not
:16:28. > :16:38.a crook. I shall resign the presidency effective at noon
:16:38. > :16:45.
:16:45. > :16:48.Such iconic images. Together with Bob Woodward, Carl Bernstein
:16:48. > :16:50.exposed the Watergate scandal in the Washington Post. He's just
:16:50. > :16:59.written a paper asking whether this is Murdoch's Watergate? Mr
:16:59. > :17:04.Bernstein joins us from our New York studio. Is it? We don't know
:17:04. > :17:08.yet. What we do know is there are a lot of similarities, in that what
:17:08. > :17:12.is happening in Britain is about a fast abuse of power and the
:17:13. > :17:17.corruption of an institution, which is to say the low end of Rupert
:17:17. > :17:22.Murdoch's newspapers, the News of the World, and others. In which an
:17:22. > :17:30.agenda that has almost nothing to do with real journalism and instead
:17:30. > :17:33.has to do with hacking and stories that have nothing to do with the
:17:33. > :17:38.best obtain a Buerhrle version of the truth, which is really what
:17:38. > :17:44.reporting and real journalism is about, have managed to take over a
:17:44. > :17:49.newspaper and an institution that follows the precepts of its owner.
:17:49. > :17:54.This is similar to what happened in Watergate in the White House, where
:17:54. > :17:59.the institution and the presidency was taken over by a President who
:17:59. > :18:03.corrupted it. In that sense, and they're also obviously has been an
:18:03. > :18:07.ongoing cover-up in which the principle of the institution, Mr
:18:07. > :18:11.Murdoch, says he knows nothing about the specific hacking that
:18:11. > :18:16.happened, just as Nixon said he didn't know anything about the
:18:16. > :18:22.specific burglary. And I think more important is the institutional
:18:22. > :18:25.corruption. As I said in that piece that I wrote, which was written for
:18:25. > :18:32.Newsweek and quoted some people that were close to Mr Murdoch in
:18:32. > :18:38.the past, this really is about Murdoch culture. The kind of do
:18:38. > :18:43.anything that it takes to get the story attitude. I wouldn't call it
:18:43. > :18:46.a real journalism, I'd call it masquerading as journalism.
:18:46. > :18:50.Presumably you are talking about celebrity journalism, gossip and
:18:50. > :18:53.tittle-tattle. Mobile phones went around during the Watergate era
:18:53. > :18:57.when you were working on that particular story, but would you
:18:57. > :19:01.have phone hacked to actually bring about the result of the
:19:01. > :19:05.investigation if you'd been able to do that, or would you have drawn a
:19:05. > :19:10.line there, even if it was going to provide that essential plank of
:19:10. > :19:14.information you needed? First of all, it's really wire-tapping. I
:19:14. > :19:20.think wire-tapping is so far on the other side of the line that it's
:19:20. > :19:27.unthinkable. How far would you go? Let me interrupt you for a minute.
:19:27. > :19:32.I think that by concentrating on this one aspect as opposed to the
:19:32. > :19:36.fact of what we have here and what we have seen in Britain, it's the
:19:36. > :19:41.capture of basically the three most important institutions outside the
:19:41. > :19:46.monarchy in Great Britain by a powerful individual. Which is to
:19:46. > :19:50.say the political system, the media and the police. It is a remarkable
:19:50. > :19:54.story. We don't know where it's going yet. I also think that it's
:19:54. > :20:01.important that they're not be a witch hunt against Rupert Murdoch
:20:01. > :20:06.carried out by the other tabloids, who also have some standards that
:20:06. > :20:10.are in the sewer. You mentioned the colliding worlds of the police,
:20:10. > :20:13.political establishment and the media. I wonder what you felt about
:20:13. > :20:23.the Telegraph group, for example, who produced all those stories
:20:23. > :20:28.about MPs' expenses. That came from a stolen computer disk. I think we
:20:28. > :20:32.can go all the way through the sins of every newspaper from the top to
:20:32. > :20:37.the bottom in the United States and in Great Britain. I think that what
:20:37. > :20:43.we really need to be looking at here, you made an analogy a moment
:20:43. > :20:47.ago, this is just about celebrities and this or that. There is no just
:20:47. > :20:53.about this or that. What real reporting is about is the best
:20:53. > :20:59.obtainable version of the truth. That is really about context. If
:20:59. > :21:06.you -- your agenda becomes really about getting into the private
:21:06. > :21:11.lives of people who really are of not particular importance or they
:21:11. > :21:20.are celebrities, then that's pretty much all you do. Or if your agenda
:21:20. > :21:28.is one that has little to do with the overall context of your country,
:21:28. > :21:34.your city, your culture. And rather dwells on this lowest descending a
:21:34. > :21:41.common denominator. Then you have a kind of culture that Murdoch has
:21:41. > :21:47.specialised in at the bottom of his empire, very much like Mafia Dons,
:21:47. > :21:51.he's got the legitimate parts of his empire at the top - Sky News,
:21:52. > :21:57.Fox News, the TV entertainment network, Paramount. Other
:21:57. > :22:01.institutions, the Wall Street Journal. Yet it's all been built on
:22:01. > :22:08.this thing that a moment ago you kind of look that as a bit of
:22:08. > :22:13.harmless fun. It's not harmless fun. It's indicative of culture. Thank
:22:13. > :22:15.you for joining us. Two years after the civil war in Sri Lanka,
:22:15. > :22:19.hundreds of thousands of displaced Tamil civilians are returning home
:22:19. > :22:23.to their villages in the north. Access to the region for outsiders
:22:23. > :22:27.has been heavily restricted by the military for years. But the rules
:22:27. > :22:30.have recently been relaxed. Our correspondent, Charles Haviland, is
:22:30. > :22:37.the first journalist to travel to Kilinochchi - the place that was
:22:37. > :22:41.once the headquarters of the Tamil Tigers. For years, few outsiders
:22:41. > :22:47.have come to these northern jungles. Waugh had driven out every person,
:22:47. > :22:54.every animal, every building was flattened. Now people are returning,
:22:54. > :22:57.rebuilding, trying to start afresh. This little boy is helping his
:22:57. > :23:01.parents build a home. They were forced from this village then
:23:01. > :23:08.displaced time and again before suffering bombardment in the final
:23:08. > :23:15.war-zone. They got a small UN ground when they came out of their
:23:15. > :23:19.refugee camp, but they've had to pawn their possessions to get by.
:23:19. > :23:22.TRANSLATION: We are glad that we've come from the camp to our own
:23:22. > :23:26.village, but I lost my mother, my little brother and my elder sister
:23:26. > :23:34.and brother in the war. We've come here without our family, so we are
:23:34. > :23:39.not really living happily. There is at least community spirit here.
:23:39. > :23:44.Helping him build his house are his two friends, all our lucky to be
:23:44. > :23:47.alive. Many of the men perished. Most of the civilians who were
:23:47. > :23:50.confined in government-run camps at the end of the war have at last
:23:50. > :23:56.returned to villages like this one. But all of them have had a
:23:56. > :24:00.difficult homecoming, haunted by their traumas and their losses.
:24:00. > :24:06.This widow lost a brother in the war. She and her mother are sick,
:24:06. > :24:09.too ill to work. Nor can they afford transport to the hospital.
:24:09. > :24:17.The government insists it's doing all it can to help people like her.
:24:17. > :24:21.She disagrees. TRANSLATION: We've been here almost
:24:22. > :24:26.three months. Since then, we have got nothing. We get less than a
:24:26. > :24:35.dollar a month each in aid money. The government is not helping us. I
:24:35. > :24:40.have sent a lot of letters but there's no reply. Just a few miles
:24:40. > :24:45.away in Kilinochchi town, soldiers lovingly tended government war
:24:45. > :24:53.victory monument. They are here 24 hours a day. The bullet represents
:24:53. > :25:03.the army's triumph over the Tamil Tigers. The flower represents peace.
:25:03. > :25:06.
:25:06. > :25:16.Let's return to those iconic images We have main engine start.
:25:16. > :25:25.
:25:25. > :25:35.America's first space shuttle. The Lift off! Lift off of the 25th
:25:35. > :25:38.
:25:38. > :25:48.We are looking very carefully at the situation. We have Buster
:25:48. > :26:00.
:26:00. > :26:03.ignition and lift off of that space Colombia Houston. For me, the space
:26:03. > :26:07.programme has always captured an essential part of what it means to
:26:07. > :26:12.be an American. The question for us now is whether that was the
:26:12. > :26:18.beginning of something or the end of something. I choose to believe
:26:18. > :26:25.it was only the beginning. I believe we can send humans to orbit,
:26:25. > :26:33.Mars and return them safely to work. -- to earth. I expect to be around
:26:33. > :26:37.to see it. Having fired the imagination of a generation, a ship
:26:37. > :26:46.like no other, its place in history should cured, the space shuttle
:26:46. > :26:56.polls in support for the last time. It's voyage at Downend. -- its
:26:56. > :27:02.
:27:02. > :27:06.It was yet again pretty cloudy today and there were a lot of
:27:06. > :27:09.showers around as well. A similar forecast for tomorrow. There will
:27:09. > :27:14.be further showers but a better chance of seeing things brighten up
:27:15. > :27:18.a bit through tomorrow. We've got high pressure trying to nudge in
:27:18. > :27:22.from the West. But a weak weather front sitting through southern
:27:22. > :27:26.areas yet again on Friday brings the risk of showers. A call start
:27:26. > :27:31.for some first thing with clear spells of a night, but at least a
:27:31. > :27:35.dry, bright start. It won't last for long. The clouds will gather,
:27:35. > :27:40.particularly through the South of England. Showers developing with
:27:40. > :27:44.light winds. Probably not quite as heavy as the ones we saw today. In
:27:44. > :27:47.between there is a glimmer of some brightness. A wetter day across the
:27:48. > :27:53.south-west of England tomorrow. In between the sunny spells we could
:27:53. > :27:57.get up to 17 degrees. For seven areas of Wales it is pretty cloudy
:27:57. > :28:00.with a few showers. In the north- west it is looking dryer and
:28:00. > :28:04.brighter. For Northern Ireland it is pretty hit and miss. Patchy
:28:04. > :28:08.cloud, some sunny spells but always the risk of one or two showers,
:28:08. > :28:12.though they should be pretty light and isolated. A gentle northerly
:28:12. > :28:16.wind across Scotland brings the risk of a few scattered showers. On