:00:09. > :00:13.This is World News Today. Political leaders from the European
:00:13. > :00:23.Commission to the White House say, stay calm, breathe deeply - so how
:00:23. > :00:25.
:00:25. > :00:33.did the markets react? Libya's government denies reports that one
:00:33. > :00:36.of Colonel Gaddafi's sons was killed in a NATO air strike.
:00:36. > :00:38.Enough is enough. The Senegalese rappers making a stand against
:00:38. > :00:42.their government. NASA's latest space mission blasts
:00:42. > :00:45.off from Cape Canaveral - the Juno probe starts a five year journey to
:00:45. > :00:48.Jupiter. And opening night at the Fringe. We
:00:48. > :00:58.meet the veterans and the young hopefuls at this year's festival in
:00:58. > :01:04.
:01:04. > :01:06.It has been another 10 stay -- tense day on the world's stock
:01:06. > :01:11.market with more losses caused by fears about debt and stagnant
:01:11. > :01:15.growth. Despite better-than- expected jobs figures from the
:01:15. > :01:19.United States and an appeal from the EU to stay calm, the share
:01:19. > :01:22.sell-off continued today. President Obama attempted to reassure the
:01:22. > :01:32.markets by sounding an optimistic note, promising that things will
:01:32. > :01:36.
:01:36. > :01:41.get better. Here is our Business 24 hours of turmoil on the market.
:01:41. > :01:46.Share prices plunged yesterday in Germany and the rest of Europe,
:01:46. > :01:53.affecting the Americas. The contagion spread to Asia, Japan,
:01:53. > :01:57.Hong Kong, Singapore, and then back to Europe. Almost three per --
:01:58. > :02:02.three trillion pounds wiped off shares worldwide. The crisis was
:02:02. > :02:12.triggered by growing fears that Italy and Spain will be unable to
:02:12. > :02:14.
:02:14. > :02:22.pay off their debts. The fears were stemmed a little in July, but the
:02:22. > :02:28.fears of investors have risen again. I would encourage everybody to stay
:02:28. > :02:33.calm. The economic recovery is under way. It is important to
:02:33. > :02:37.protect that recovery from the financial turbulence.
:02:37. > :02:42.It might be tempting to see these falls in share prices as having
:02:42. > :02:46.little relevance to us but they directly affect the value of our
:02:46. > :02:53.pensions, and they say a good deal about the confidence of countries
:02:53. > :02:57.to invest and create jobs. And when bank's shares fall, that tells us
:02:57. > :03:06.something about their ability to borrow. And when the banks have no
:03:06. > :03:12.money they cannot lend, weakening of the economy further.
:03:13. > :03:17.Unemployment figures in the US turned out to be marginally less
:03:17. > :03:22.than feared. We are going to get through this.
:03:22. > :03:26.Things will get better and we will get there together.
:03:26. > :03:30.If the problem is the excessive indebtedness of a number of rich
:03:30. > :03:34.European countries, is there a solution?
:03:34. > :03:39.What this amounts to is that people will have to accept that
:03:39. > :03:45.governments will be smaller, will spend less, so there will be less
:03:45. > :03:50.public sector employment, less jobs in the public sector, and less
:03:50. > :03:57.expenditure on things like pensions and education.
:03:57. > :04:01.Barclays were down 17%, Royal Bank of Scotland down 20% and Lloyds
:04:01. > :04:08.down 24%. The Royal Bank of Scotland announced it was back in
:04:08. > :04:12.the red by �1.4 billion in part because of losses on its loans to
:04:12. > :04:17.Greece. It would be stupid not to be
:04:17. > :04:21.cautious and alert to the significant risks out there. But I
:04:21. > :04:24.think the probabilities are that the world does not turn overnight
:04:24. > :04:28.from a place that is slowly recovering to a place that is a
:04:29. > :04:36.disaster area. Commodities market falls in the
:04:36. > :04:42.prices of copper, lead, zinc and 10 say that we all risk being burnt in
:04:42. > :04:48.these markets. The latest news from Italy is that
:04:48. > :04:57.an emergency meeting of finance ministers is to be held. Our
:04:57. > :05:01.correspondent is in Rome. Silvio Berlusconi and his Finance
:05:01. > :05:05.Minister have just been holding a news conference at the Prime
:05:05. > :05:10.Minister's office. They announced the measures they plan to take as a
:05:10. > :05:16.result of this disastrous day on world markets, and a particularly
:05:16. > :05:21.bad day also for laterly because their bond rate spread has risen to
:05:22. > :05:29.new heights and there is a serious fear that Italy's ability to pay
:05:29. > :05:34.its huge mountain of debt, a heavy inheritance from the past,
:05:34. > :05:38.according to Silvio Berlusconi, and he also said that there had been
:05:38. > :05:43.international speculation against Italy. What the Government has
:05:43. > :05:49.decided to do is to make it a requirement of Italy's written
:05:49. > :05:55.constitution that every government must have a balanced budget. There
:05:55. > :06:00.was also an announcement about liberalisation. It is not clear
:06:00. > :06:05.what this will mean. And finally, there will carry out labour market
:06:05. > :06:09.reforms. There has been an attempt by the government to tackle the
:06:09. > :06:15.crisis and create greater credibility for the action plan.
:06:15. > :06:21.The austerity budget which initially gave a date of 2014 for
:06:21. > :06:27.introducing new taxes and new fiscal reforms has been brought
:06:27. > :06:31.forward to 2013. If this will placate the markets remains to be
:06:31. > :06:39.seen. Thank you very much.
:06:39. > :06:43.Hugo Dixon is the editor of Reuters Breakingviews and he joins me now.
:06:43. > :06:48.David was saying that the Italian government is trying to restore its
:06:48. > :06:55.credibility. I think the sort of things they are
:06:56. > :06:58.saying are good. This is very new news. We have not seen the details.
:06:59. > :07:03.Accelerating the austerity programme is one thing the markets
:07:03. > :07:10.have wanted. They had this programme for austerity but not
:07:10. > :07:15.until the next general election. They have brought this forward idea
:07:15. > :07:22.than that is positive. But we need to see the numbers and what is the
:07:22. > :07:26.mechanism they are using. And what about the labour reforms?
:07:26. > :07:31.I think that is another thing that the markets are not so impressed by
:07:31. > :07:39.because that will be good for Italy but it will not feed through for
:07:40. > :07:47.many years. I think they want the meat today. How much is tax going
:07:48. > :07:52.up, how much is expenditure going down? Will it happen fast enough?
:07:52. > :08:01.The last time they had an austerity programme, which was not really an
:08:01. > :08:06.austerity programme, they delayed it. Then they managed to pass it.
:08:06. > :08:13.I suppose that is why there is this emergency meeting of finance
:08:13. > :08:18.ministers. There is a real danger that Italy will default.
:08:18. > :08:23.Yes and No. I think that Italy is a rich country, and ultimately the
:08:23. > :08:29.Italian people have enough money to bail out their own government. It
:08:29. > :08:33.is too big to be bailed out by the rest of Europe because, why would
:08:33. > :08:42.the Germans take deeper into their own pockets? But the Italians are
:08:42. > :08:48.rich enough if they can be properly taxed. In terms of this finance
:08:48. > :08:54.ministers' meeting, this is partly to do with Italy but it is much
:08:54. > :08:59.more a Nicolas Sarkozy initiative, he is head of the G7. He loves to
:08:59. > :09:04.grandstand on the world stage. They will discuss more than just Italy.
:09:04. > :09:12.When they have that brought discussion, do you think that there
:09:12. > :09:20.are chances for radical change now? The idea about a common debt?
:09:20. > :09:25.I still do not think that you will get there. I personally think that
:09:25. > :09:30.the Germans will not be willing to do that. I doubt that even the
:09:30. > :09:37.French would be willing to do that. Themselves, I've they opened their
:09:37. > :09:42.own pockets, they would be tracked down by it. Their own credit rating,
:09:42. > :09:48.which is important for them, it is only there by a whisker. They could
:09:48. > :09:53.be downgraded, even the French. When this comes to shove, I do not
:09:53. > :09:58.think they would be prepared to have that sort of common European
:09:58. > :10:06.bond. I think they will put a lot of pressure on the Italians and the
:10:06. > :10:09.Spanish, which are the two monsters, to tighten their own belts. Looking
:10:09. > :10:15.at the other side of the Atlantic, the jobs figures are not as bad as
:10:15. > :10:22.some feared in the US. Is there room for stability there now?
:10:22. > :10:26.think so. 117,000 new jobs which sounds like a lot in one month. I
:10:26. > :10:35.think the problem was that all of these shenanigans in Congress over
:10:35. > :10:37.the last few weeks have rattled the market. Thank you very much.
:10:37. > :10:42.The Libyan government has denied reports that one of Colonel
:10:42. > :10:45.Gaddafi's sons has been killed in an overnight NATO air strike. It is
:10:45. > :10:50.the second time this year that Khamis Gaddafi has been reported
:10:50. > :10:56.killed. It comes as fierce clashes continue between products -- pro-
:10:56. > :10:58.Gaddafi forces and rebel fighters. Rebels in the west of the country
:10:59. > :11:03.say they are running dangerously short of ammunition which could
:11:03. > :11:06.lead to a stalemate. Despite this, rebels say they have taken new
:11:06. > :11:15.ground and had advanced from the port city of Misrata to the
:11:15. > :11:21.outskirts of Zliten. Bahrain a mother and her two young
:11:21. > :11:31.children, victims of a NATO air strike according to the regime. --
:11:31. > :11:36.
:11:36. > :11:41.by the end. -- burying. In the town centre, it is quiet. It is still
:11:41. > :11:47.under government control. But the rebels are battling to change that.
:11:48. > :11:53.For two months, they have been advancing on Zliten. The furthest
:11:53. > :11:58.they have got is the suburbs. They have needed plenty of help from
:11:58. > :12:03.above. This is one of the waiters to airstrikes by the RAF, which has
:12:03. > :12:09.been pounding targets in and around the time, destroying some of the
:12:09. > :12:14.regime's concealed weapons. At the front line, we find this rebel
:12:14. > :12:18.Brigade resting during a lull in the fighting. His source told us
:12:18. > :12:24.that they cannot advance much further because they are
:12:24. > :12:28.dangerously low on ammunition. This amateur army is running on empty.
:12:28. > :12:34.The fighters here say they are still relying on home-made,
:12:34. > :12:40.improvised weapons. This anti-tank gun, bolted to a Pickup truck. They
:12:40. > :12:44.have captured some arms from Colonel Gaddafi's forces. They took
:12:44. > :12:50.this anti- aircraft guns about a week ago. But they sometimes run
:12:50. > :12:56.short on ammunition. At times they have been down to the last box of
:12:56. > :13:02.bullets. What can I say? Our ammunition
:13:02. > :13:07.could run out any time now. What I have is maybe enough for one or two
:13:07. > :13:14.days. The commander took me to a lookout
:13:14. > :13:18.post to get away if glimpse of Colonel Gaddafi's men. They were
:13:18. > :13:28.across the sand dunes about two: utters a way, visible with
:13:28. > :13:38.binoculars and perhaps watching us as well. -- two: utters. --
:13:38. > :13:40.
:13:40. > :13:43.kilometres. The fighters say that to get there, they need bullets.
:13:43. > :13:47.Syrian activists say security forces have shot dead at least
:13:47. > :13:51.seven people during protests near Damascus. They say another
:13:51. > :13:53.protester was also killed in the city of Homs. Thousands are
:13:53. > :13:56.reported to have takena to the streets across the country on
:13:57. > :13:59.Friday demanding that the President resign. That's despite the
:13:59. > :14:09.continued crackdown in Hama, where state television says troops have
:14:09. > :14:15.
:14:15. > :14:21.Another Friday, another protest after prayers. This one in a suburb
:14:21. > :14:27.of Damascus. In dozens of other places in the country, people are
:14:27. > :14:34.calling for they these it -- the regime to go. Then panic as
:14:34. > :14:38.shooting broke out. Activists said the security forces opened fire.
:14:38. > :14:46.State TV said it was gunmen shooting from rooftops and that
:14:47. > :14:52.police were among the casualties. Here, government forces appear to
:14:52. > :14:59.be consolidating their grip. State TV pictures so the City firmly
:14:59. > :15:05.under the control of government troops. Residents continue to so --
:15:05. > :15:12.to report shelling and shooting in areas. The authorities insist this
:15:12. > :15:17.is all the work of arm, terrorist gangs. They repeatedly so put --
:15:18. > :15:24.footage from last Sunday reportedly showing armed protesters. State to
:15:24. > :15:34.be said that 20 soldiers were killed, but activists say that
:15:34. > :15:38.
:15:38. > :15:43.President a sad has lost his legitimacy to governor. We continue
:15:43. > :15:52.to support the Syrians and their efforts.
:15:52. > :15:58.The Americans are also what tightening economic sanctions. --
:15:58. > :16:04.already. Measures to punish the energy sector are also expected
:16:04. > :16:14.soon. More likely to get attention as a shift in position from or
:16:14. > :16:19.Russia. President Medvedev said that aside would face a difficult
:16:19. > :16:23.fate if he failed to carry out reforms. There is in no sign yet
:16:24. > :16:31.that the regime well heed it outside appeals and abandon the
:16:31. > :16:41.repression. The opposition have dismissed the proposed reforms as
:16:41. > :16:41.
:16:41. > :16:48.Some of the day's other news - a Ukrainian a judge has ruled that
:16:48. > :16:53.the former prime minister be taken into custody. The judge accused her
:16:53. > :17:02.of the repeated violations of court rules, including impeding
:17:02. > :17:09.A polar bear has killed a British teenager and endured for others in
:17:09. > :17:18.the far north of Norway. -- endured four others. The bear was then
:17:18. > :17:28.killed by another member of the Nasser has launched a billion
:17:28. > :17:30.
:17:30. > :17:35.dollar mission to Jupiter. -- NASA. It will take a Friday years to
:17:35. > :17:45.reach the planet but it is hoped that it will bring a wealth of new
:17:45. > :17:47.
:17:47. > :17:51.information. -- five years. It is by far the largest planet in our
:17:51. > :17:56.solar system and fight -- scientists also believe it may have
:17:56. > :18:00.been the first to be formed. Knowing about its structure and
:18:00. > :18:05.composition could help explain more about other planets. I am now
:18:05. > :18:13.joined by the head of planetary science at the University College
:18:13. > :18:19.London. Thank you for coming in. Why is it important to send this
:18:19. > :18:26.probe? Jupiter or is a huge planet and we
:18:26. > :18:32.must understand its structure and form. The measurements are very
:18:32. > :18:38.important. We must understand how it formed. There are implications
:18:38. > :18:48.for why we are all here. It will put the Elf and other planets into
:18:48. > :19:00.
:19:00. > :19:07.context. -- air. -- Earth. It has a hydrogen and helium. It has brought
:19:07. > :19:12.things in from the solar nebula when it allegedly formed.
:19:12. > :19:18.I was intrigued by the claim that the History of Our planet lies on
:19:18. > :19:28.Jupiter's. Basically that is because it
:19:28. > :19:32.
:19:32. > :19:42.informed first. -- formed. If they find it accord -- a core, then that
:19:42. > :19:51.might be important proof. Getting the composition is just one of the
:19:51. > :19:57.jewels. Because it is so massive and has a lot of the Solar system's
:19:57. > :20:04.overall mass, there are implications as regards how other
:20:04. > :20:08.planets formed. The storms there have been going on
:20:08. > :20:18.for more than three centuries, they believe.
:20:18. > :20:20.
:20:20. > :20:27.That is correct. Ever since Galileo was looking. We have seen the
:20:27. > :20:32.Jupiter or for a while - the Great Red Spot, what is underneath? We do
:20:32. > :20:39.not know. But this will provide underneath the clouds of Jupiter.
:20:39. > :20:43.The counter rotating zones and belts. Each moving faster than a
:20:44. > :20:52.Formula One car. Underneath that, we just do not know what is
:20:52. > :20:59.happening. As we go towards the centre we may find a liquid, sorry,
:20:59. > :21:06.a metallic hydrogen core. There is so much to find out and
:21:07. > :21:12.quite a few years to wait. If yes, five years.
:21:12. > :21:17.Thank you very much. Tension has been growing in Senegal fuelled by
:21:17. > :21:23.public anger about the rising cost of living. It has formed a protest
:21:23. > :21:27.movement against the current administration. The movement is led
:21:27. > :21:33.by two musicians and a journalist. There are encouraging young people
:21:33. > :21:43.to register to vote ahead of next year's elections. This report from
:21:43. > :21:47.
:21:47. > :21:57.the car. -- Dakar. My voting card will be the solution to my
:21:57. > :22:01.
:22:01. > :22:06.suffering, sank this rap collective. -- sang. Along with a journalist
:22:06. > :22:14.they have decided to create a social movement demanding change
:22:14. > :22:24.during the power cuts last January. It is a peaceful moment. A
:22:24. > :22:27.
:22:27. > :22:31.political and secular. -- apolitical. We want to raise
:22:31. > :22:37.awareness so that people understand that power ultimately comes back to
:22:37. > :22:43.them. As a voter registration in meals a
:22:43. > :22:51.clause activists are encouraging more people to sign up. -- kneels
:22:51. > :23:01.its close. It seems to be walking. More youngsters are registering to
:23:01. > :23:03.
:23:03. > :23:09.vote. 200 people everyday here. The movement won its first victory in
:23:09. > :23:19.June. After a day of unprecedented riots the President with De Roux
:23:19. > :23:20.
:23:20. > :23:24.and attempted change to the constitution. -- withdrew. The
:23:24. > :23:29.movement has increasingly attracted the attention of the opposition.
:23:29. > :23:35.Members complain of police harassment. Some have been beaten,
:23:35. > :23:39.others are rested then released without charges.
:23:39. > :23:46.Intimidation is a lost cause because these youngsters are
:23:46. > :23:50.determined. Officials should be walking to address their concerns
:23:50. > :23:59.because their expectations are not just those of the movement but of
:23:59. > :24:07.the entire population. President Abdul I lacked is holding
:24:07. > :24:16.firm for now. He insists he will win a cup tell me. He denies that
:24:16. > :24:22.he is attempting a handover to his son. -- he insists he will win a
:24:22. > :24:31.third term. By February 2012 but the movement could be on a position
:24:31. > :24:34.to make good on its call that While the rest of the world is
:24:34. > :24:44.struggling with grow with the Edinburgh Fringe Festival gets a
:24:44. > :24:45.
:24:45. > :24:54.bigger every year. -- struggling The biggest arts festival in the
:24:54. > :25:01.world. Bigger than ever. Rather daunting for a new comedian.
:25:01. > :25:10.Jessica possmac a venue is called at the wheel rim. -- Jessica
:25:10. > :25:19.possmac a venue is called the we room.
:25:20. > :25:25.I will lose thousands. You sound like my parents. It is a very hard
:25:25. > :25:32.to justify. At least not to anybody who is not a comedian. But you
:25:32. > :25:37.simply have to do it. Even the established comedians will
:25:37. > :25:46.come here to sell a new show. Especially if it is a departure
:25:46. > :25:55.from the norm. Ruby Wax is looking at the topic of mental illness.
:25:55. > :26:03.We are sort of on a platter, here! Back when Paul Daniels was just
:26:03. > :26:12.starting out the Fringe was really a fringe event. Now, three decades
:26:12. > :26:18.later, he is a devotee. I am in love with the French. It is
:26:18. > :26:28.the greatest place to be. I was chatting to Dave Cox -- Dave Gorman
:26:28. > :26:33.earlier on. Everybody is early -- everybody is here.
:26:33. > :26:43.The Edinburgh Fringe. A university come trade show come holiday camp
:26:43. > :27:02.
:27:02. > :27:09.for comedians young and old. How Hello. If you have plans this
:27:09. > :27:13.weekend the weather is looking very mixed. We are expecting heavy rain
:27:13. > :27:19.tomorrow in northern England, Northern Ireland, and later on in
:27:19. > :27:28.Scotland. A fine night in between times with a low pressure waiting
:27:28. > :27:33.in the wings. It will then turn wet early in the morning. The heaviest
:27:33. > :27:39.rain will be in northern England in the afternoon. Possibly thunder
:27:39. > :27:49.also. Most of East Anglia and the South East should remain dry but it
:27:49. > :27:54.
:27:54. > :28:00.will not be as warm as a today. It will not be quite as nice as today
:28:00. > :28:05.in many parts. A wet start in Northern Ireland. Some will be
:28:05. > :28:12.heavy showers. Disappointing temperatures for the time of the
:28:12. > :28:17.year. Central and southern Scotland will get wetter and wetter during