:00:10. > :00:15.This is BBC World News Today with me Zeinab Badawi. Could it really
:00:15. > :00:18.be the end game this time in Libya? Reports of talks between the two
:00:18. > :00:28.sides in the conflict in Tunisia and a senior Libyan minister goes
:00:28. > :00:33.Rebels claim they've taken two key towns and cut a vital supply route
:00:33. > :00:36.to the capital Tripoli. A society in moral collapse, so
:00:36. > :00:44.says David Cameron after last week's riots in England. We ask,
:00:44. > :00:47.how broken is Britain? This must be a wake-up call for our
:00:47. > :00:51.country. Social problems that have been festering for decades have
:00:51. > :00:54.exploded in our face. A shock shake-up for the mobile
:00:54. > :01:03.phone industry. Internet giant Google buys Motorola Mobility for
:01:03. > :01:13.$12.5 billion. Tough talk in Malawi as the
:01:13. > :01:15.
:01:15. > :01:21.president tries to prevent more anti-government protests. We are
:01:22. > :01:25.concerned about injustice. A message that spans generations.
:01:25. > :01:34.The son of Nigerian musician and activist Fela Kuti tells us why his
:01:34. > :01:37.Hello and welcome. Colonel Gaddafi has in the past 24 hours urged
:01:37. > :01:40.Libyans to free the country from what he called traitors as rebels
:01:40. > :01:43.began to tighten the noose on a major lifeline to Tripoli.
:01:43. > :01:48.According to social network sites, talks have been taking place
:01:48. > :01:51.between pro and anti Gaddafi forces in neighbouring Tunisia. And
:01:51. > :01:54.Egyptian officials confirmed that the Libyan Interior Minister had
:01:54. > :01:56.arrived in Cairo with several members of his family in what could
:01:56. > :02:01.be a defection. Diplomatic to end the fighting appear to have been
:02:01. > :02:08.set aside. Talks between the two sites have been taken place in the
:02:08. > :02:14.tree is sent out of Djerba. -- had been taking place in the Tunisian
:02:14. > :02:18.town of Djerba. Matthew Price reports from Tripoli.
:02:18. > :02:27.The power cuts are taking their toll. Tripoli is starting to feel
:02:27. > :02:31.like a city under pressure. This family show me their certificates.
:02:31. > :02:34.I am ready to take up a gun, to defend my country and Colonel
:02:34. > :02:40.Gaddafi who has done so much good for us.
:02:40. > :02:47.A outside, Gaddafi's agents were on alert. As we left, we and our
:02:47. > :02:54.government minders were stopped. The took are there the -- the took
:02:54. > :02:58.our Libyan permits. This checkpoint is manned by local people. There
:02:59. > :03:03.are similar checkpoints right the way across Tripoli during the night.
:03:03. > :03:08.It is not normal, it is because of the war. It is a sign of the
:03:08. > :03:13.tensions in the Libyan capital just now. This has only increased the
:03:13. > :03:19.tension. 30 miles to the West, rebel forces are celebrating an
:03:19. > :03:26.advance on so we are. The opposition feels the momentum is
:03:26. > :03:31.finally with them. -- Zawiya. But how much are they hold and how long
:03:31. > :03:40.they can hold it for is unclear. Libyan a state television showed
:03:40. > :03:44.that -- showed crowds cheering as Colonel Gaddafi addressed them. He
:03:44. > :03:49.called on her supporters to prepare for the fight, cleanse the country
:03:49. > :03:54.he said, the blood of martyrs will fuel the battle. Out in the
:03:54. > :04:01.desolate housing estates of eastern Tripoli, the mood was different.
:04:01. > :04:08.They were worried about our cameras so be blurred the pictures. Gaddafi,
:04:08. > :04:18.no. This man told me Colonel Gaddafi must go. Listen to this
:04:18. > :04:19.
:04:19. > :04:24.man's anger. We hate Gaddafi here. Everyone hates them. The rebels are
:04:24. > :04:34.closer to Tripoli than ever. The army will fight back. This war may
:04:34. > :04:36.
:04:36. > :04:40.So after six months and to-ing and fro-ing, it seems the momentum is
:04:40. > :04:42.now with the rebels and they claim the net is drawing closer around
:04:42. > :04:44.Colonel Gaddafi. The crisis began six months ago, when rebels took
:04:44. > :04:48.control of several cities, including Libya's second city
:04:49. > :04:54.Benghazi. Soon after they declared themselves the sole representative
:04:54. > :04:58.of Libya and were first recognised by France. The UN authorised
:04:58. > :05:03.military action to protect civilians. French, US and British
:05:03. > :05:06.forces carry out air strikes against government forces.
:05:06. > :05:09.As NATO takes over formal control of military operations the conflict
:05:09. > :05:16.is dominated by advance and retreat battles between the rebels, mainly
:05:16. > :05:19.in the east, and Gaddafi forces in the west.
:05:19. > :05:22.The stalemate continues with four months of fighting as the two sides
:05:22. > :05:27.trade control of the coastal towns of Ras Lanuf, Brega, Bin Jawad,
:05:27. > :05:30.Ajdabiya and Misrata. The rebels now say they have taken
:05:30. > :05:37.the towns of Gharyan and Zawiyah near Tripoli, cutting a key supply
:05:37. > :05:40.route for Gaddafi's forces. With me now from Washington is
:05:40. > :05:48.Libya expert Mary-Jane Deeb. She's authored two books on the country
:05:48. > :05:54.and is currently writing a book on the Arab Spring.
:05:54. > :06:00.Would you hazard a guess, is it the end game this time? I am not sure
:06:00. > :06:06.if it is the endgame, but there are certainly, the rebels are certainly
:06:06. > :06:16.gaining momentum and moving forward. I know it has been going back and
:06:16. > :06:24.forth, but Tripoli has never been more vulnerable than it is today.
:06:24. > :06:34.What about these talks that apparently are going on in Tunisia
:06:34. > :06:36.
:06:36. > :06:44.between the two side? The talks have to deal with his use of
:06:44. > :06:50.withdrawal, of compromise -- with issues of withdrawal, of compromise.
:06:50. > :06:55.But the end game it will be on the ground, militarily. What about this
:06:55. > :07:01.possible defection, the Libyan Interior Minister going to Cairo
:07:01. > :07:11.with nine members of his family are? It would suggest a possible
:07:11. > :07:11.
:07:11. > :07:17.defection. There has been significant defections. Remember
:07:17. > :07:27.the man who left for England early on? Ambassadors of the around
:07:27. > :07:35.Europe have defected as well. -- ambassadors at throughout Europe.
:07:35. > :07:44.Yes, gradually a -- gradually, people are seeing the rioting on
:07:44. > :07:54.the wall and leaving Colonel Gaddafi. And how will the pressure
:07:54. > :07:54.
:07:54. > :08:00.be renewed on Gaddafi? At this point, despite the fact that the
:08:00. > :08:08.rebels are much stronger and better organised and have fought for six
:08:08. > :08:18.months, and so have no more experience, they still be the cover
:08:18. > :08:20.
:08:20. > :08:28.of NATO. -- at the still need the cover.
:08:28. > :08:31.A broken society, an Asian -- this nation is a moral collapse. That is
:08:31. > :08:36.how the Prime Minister David Cameron described Britain. He
:08:36. > :08:42.promised tough action to prevent of last week's rioting in England.
:08:42. > :08:45.Social problems have been festering for decades. Today, just as people
:08:45. > :08:51.wanted criminals robustly confronted on our streets, they
:08:51. > :08:55.want to see these social problems are taken on and defeated. We must
:08:55. > :08:58.have a social fight back. We must fight back against the attitudes
:08:58. > :09:03.and assumptions that have brought parts of our society to this
:09:03. > :09:07.shocking state. We know what has gone wrong, do we have the
:09:07. > :09:10.determination to put it right? Do we have the determination to
:09:10. > :09:16.confront the slow-motion moral collapse that has taken place in
:09:16. > :09:20.parts of our country? Irresponsibility, selfishness,
:09:20. > :09:25.behaving as if you choices have no consequences, children without
:09:25. > :09:35.fathers, rights without responsibilities, reward without
:09:35. > :09:36.
:09:37. > :09:43.effort, crime without punishment, communities left a vulnerable.
:09:43. > :09:47.leader of the Labour Party was also speaking today. He accused David
:09:47. > :09:51.Cameron of making a knee-jerk response to the rights. Instant and
:09:51. > :09:59.simple judgement and response to the sorts of event bring bad
:09:59. > :10:05.solutions. The public says that we want quick action, but a knee-jerk
:10:06. > :10:10.gimmicks that have not been thought through, will not solve the problem.
:10:10. > :10:20.Let's be honest about the politician's instincts. Appoint an
:10:20. > :10:21.
:10:21. > :10:31.year adviser, -- appoint a new adviser. We have heard about water
:10:31. > :10:31.
:10:31. > :10:41.canons, Super cops, a delay knock at the door for gangs. His modern
:10:41. > :10:41.
:10:41. > :10:44.Britain and a broken society, and what can be done about it? Joining
:10:44. > :10:47.us from North Yorkshire via webcam is author and former vicar GP
:10:47. > :10:53.Taylor. With me is Nick Wilkie from London Youth.
:10:53. > :11:00.Are the social issues that have to be dealt with properly? I think
:11:00. > :11:05.that the person who has got this right is David Cameron. He is
:11:05. > :11:12.looking at society with a big over you. Ed Miliband is trying to score
:11:12. > :11:19.points. I am seeing agree sea- change in our young people in this
:11:19. > :11:23.country. -- a great sea-change. They are being influenced by it
:11:23. > :11:31.things coming at them from other countries. Especially the gangster
:11:31. > :11:39.culture from America. It is making deep inroads in how they relate to
:11:39. > :11:45.people in their communities. They are literally changing. I have seen
:11:45. > :11:49.it as a policeman. From around 1987 when corporal punishment was
:11:49. > :11:53.stopped in schools, I have seen the change in the behaviour of young
:11:53. > :11:58.people to the situation we are in today. I have been in the front
:11:58. > :12:05.line in riots. I was involved in the Brixton riots because there
:12:05. > :12:13.were happening around my house. And I do feel we are going through a
:12:13. > :12:20.period, not a complete at Moro -- not of complete moral decline, but
:12:20. > :12:28.a falling away from moral purpose. You heard that, is he right? Does
:12:28. > :12:33.that sound like modern Britain to you? At the risk of sounding
:12:33. > :12:37.irritating and platitudinous, there is a risk that people say broadly
:12:37. > :12:42.the same things will trying to disagree. Clearly, some things have
:12:42. > :12:52.gone badly wrong. In part, that is about individuals making wrong
:12:52. > :12:52.
:12:52. > :13:02.choices. I am very open to the idea that there is a decline in the
:13:02. > :13:08.community, in family. These things are all true. But is this just
:13:08. > :13:14.about young people? Politicians fiddling expenses, is it all part
:13:14. > :13:18.of a wider decline? What we have seen in the last week has not been
:13:18. > :13:23.perpetrated by all young people. I think it is true that behaviour has
:13:23. > :13:30.declined in a variety of ways across society. We have to be
:13:30. > :13:35.careful of harking back to a golden age will probably never was. But
:13:35. > :13:39.the idea of being hard on perpetrators, that is in no we
:13:39. > :13:47.intention to with the idea that we took listened calmly and with
:13:47. > :13:57.humility to have committees feel -- to how communities fail. So things
:13:57. > :13:57.
:13:57. > :14:04.like cutting benefits and evicting people who have done wrong? If your
:14:04. > :14:11.a teenager has been rioting, is it sensible to kick their younger
:14:11. > :14:21.siblings out of the home? It does not seem a sensible. How do you
:14:21. > :14:25.deal with it? Is a victim families the right thing to do? I do not
:14:26. > :14:29.think evicting people from social housing is the right thing. What
:14:29. > :14:39.David Cameron has to do is to start to go to the people that really
:14:39. > :14:40.
:14:40. > :14:50.matter. He should be going to the father of one of those young men
:14:50. > :14:52.
:14:52. > :15:02.killed in Birmingham. He talk sense this weekend. -- he talked for his
:15:02. > :15:03.
:15:03. > :15:07.committee. -- community. People want to see safe in their houses.
:15:07. > :15:11.They want to see discipline returning to schools. They want
:15:11. > :15:16.respect from young people. They want young people to take a full
:15:16. > :15:25.part in their own communities. We left and a wonderful community and
:15:25. > :15:30.What do you think the Government should do? They should listen
:15:30. > :15:34.calmly. It is true behaviours need to be tackled. It is also true
:15:34. > :15:41.colleagues who work directly with gangs, and who I work with on a
:15:41. > :15:45.day-to-day basis, their greatest weapons against gang culture is
:15:45. > :15:48.education and opportunities. Now a look at some of the days
:15:48. > :15:51.other news. A series of bomb attacks have hit
:15:51. > :15:54.cities across Iraq killing more than 60 people. The worst was in
:15:54. > :15:57.the city of Kut. It's the worst violence since Iraqi politicians
:15:57. > :16:00.said they'd hold negotiations over whether a small number of US troops
:16:00. > :16:03.might stay on after the deadline for their departure at the end of
:16:03. > :16:06.the year. The former Egyptian president,
:16:06. > :16:08.Hosni Mubarak, has appeared in court in Cairo again to face
:16:08. > :16:13.charges of corruption and ordering the killing of hundreds of
:16:13. > :16:17.protesters in the uprising earlier this year. Mr Mubarak was brought
:16:17. > :16:22.in, in a hospital bed and placed inside a cage in the dock. He was
:16:22. > :16:25.accompanied by his two sons. The judge has now adjourned the hearing
:16:25. > :16:28.for three weeks and ruled that proceedings will no longer be
:16:28. > :16:31.televised. At least 200 tonnes of oil may have
:16:31. > :16:35.leaked into the North Sea off Scotland following an oil spill
:16:35. > :16:38.from a ruptured pipeline last week. Shell says the leak, which took
:16:38. > :16:48.place 112 miles east of Aberdeen, is a significant spill in the
:16:48. > :16:52.
:16:52. > :16:55.context of the North Sea but believes it is under control.
:16:55. > :16:58.Google, the company famous for its internet search engine shocked the
:16:58. > :17:00.technology industry today by paying $12.5 billion in cash for the phone
:17:00. > :17:04.company Motorola Mobility. Now Google can design both the software
:17:04. > :17:06.and phones that run it - something its rival Apple has already done to
:17:06. > :17:15.its advantage with the iPhone. Our technology correspondent Rory
:17:15. > :17:20.Cellan Jones reports. It was the company that produced
:17:20. > :17:25.the world's first modern mobile phone, but Motorola's glory days
:17:25. > :17:30.are gone, its phones overtaken by the likes of Apple and Samsung. Now
:17:30. > :17:34.it is part of Google which is becoming the fastest growing force
:17:35. > :17:41.in the mobile world. Its Android operating system powers more smart
:17:41. > :17:46.phones than any other software. Motorola is just one among many
:17:46. > :17:51.manufacturers who depend upon it. Android is also used on tablets
:17:51. > :17:56.computers. Now, Google is making itself a force in hardware as well
:17:56. > :18:00.as software, just like its great rival. At the moment, Apple can
:18:00. > :18:05.come up with an idea, it can build it, make the software and sell it
:18:05. > :18:09.in its own retail stores. If Google can emulate the same model, it
:18:09. > :18:14.doesn't have to go at side the family and talk to a third party to
:18:15. > :18:19.get something done. Motorola might only have a tiny share of the
:18:19. > :18:24.handset market, but Google has its eye on something different.
:18:24. > :18:29.huge stock of paint since the company has accumulated. They have
:18:29. > :18:37.become a vital weapon in the battle for supremacy in the mobile market.
:18:37. > :18:43.Last month, patterns going back years from Nortel was snapped up by
:18:43. > :18:48.Apple, Microsoft and the owners of blackberry. Google lost out in the
:18:48. > :18:53.auction and made it clear today acquiring Motorola will help Dick
:18:53. > :18:58.Shaw up its defences in the battle for mobile phone supremacy. While
:18:58. > :19:04.Android has raced to the top of the mobile phone League, Apple makes
:19:04. > :19:08.more from its mobile phone. Google has changed the landscape and its
:19:08. > :19:11.rivals will be watching nervously to see what happens next.
:19:11. > :19:13.The southern African state of Malawi has been experiencing the
:19:13. > :19:16.kind of protests most latterly associated with the Arab street.
:19:16. > :19:19.Opponents of the President Bingu Wa Mutharika have given him an
:19:19. > :19:22.ultimatum to address their concerns or they've said they'll carry out a
:19:22. > :19:27.nationwide protest on Wednesday. They're calling for an improvement
:19:27. > :19:30.in the standard of living and human rights. Last month 19 people were
:19:30. > :19:32.killed when police opened fire after days of protests. Bilkisu
:19:32. > :19:42.Labaran from the BBC's African Service reports now on the problems
:19:42. > :19:49.
:19:49. > :19:51.An for this housewife, the daily struggle of fetching water is
:19:51. > :20:00.nothing compared to feeding her family.
:20:00. > :20:04.She lives on just $2 a day and so do 90% of the population. The
:20:04. > :20:10.economy is driven by agriculture. Food here is bound to fall, but for
:20:11. > :20:14.nearly a decade, prices have risen at an average of 11% annually. Many
:20:14. > :20:18.people can barely afford the food they sell and produce and the
:20:18. > :20:27.people blame it all on mismanagement by the Government of
:20:27. > :20:31.Bingu wa Mutharika. The frustration finally boiled over when hundreds
:20:31. > :20:36.of anti-government demonstrators poured out onto the streets of the
:20:36. > :20:40.country's major cities last month. They demanded the resignation of
:20:40. > :20:46.the President. But the Government's response was heavy handed. Anti-
:20:46. > :20:53.riot police quashed the protests. By the time calm was restored, at
:20:53. > :20:58.least 18 people had been killed. The President was democratically
:20:58. > :21:02.elected in 2004 with 36% of the vote. A former World Bank economist
:21:02. > :21:07.he was credited with stabilising inflation. But his second term has
:21:07. > :21:16.been troubled, as the economy tumbles his rule became more
:21:16. > :21:23.autocratic. He wanted to run in a democracy, a
:21:23. > :21:27.type of regime. An authoritarian Government style. That has made the
:21:27. > :21:34.people angry. The international community has reacted swiftly to
:21:34. > :21:40.the President's clampdown. The UK, US or the you have all either cut
:21:40. > :21:43.direct aid to Malawi or delayed it. Bum The Lowry relies heavily on
:21:43. > :21:50.foreign aid and it accounts for more than 40% of the Government's
:21:50. > :21:53.income. We are in a situation with our partner countries, we expect
:21:53. > :21:57.them to stay to their commitments, Democratic rights and good
:21:57. > :22:03.governance. In the events of 20th July were protesters were fired
:22:03. > :22:07.upon, Media was restricted and it is in direct contradiction to the
:22:07. > :22:11.principles we expect them to uphold. At the Malawi High Commission in
:22:11. > :22:15.London, there is very little diplomatic activity. Three months
:22:15. > :22:20.ago the British High Commissioner to allow a accused of President
:22:20. > :22:24.Bingu wa Mutharika of being autocratic, combative and
:22:24. > :22:32.intolerance of criticism. The diplomatic tit-for-tat expulsions
:22:32. > :22:37.that followed have pushed relations to near breaking point. But, with
:22:37. > :22:40.the President of remaining defiant, and the International stalemate,
:22:40. > :22:44.the future could be difficult. The late Nigerian signer, Fela Kuti,
:22:44. > :22:49.was one of Africa's most colourful and influential musicians. He
:22:49. > :22:51.pioneered the infectious Afrobeat sound in the 1970s. He was also a
:22:51. > :22:55.political icon in Nigeria, where he fought against government
:22:55. > :23:01.corruption. For the last three years, his life has been depicted
:23:01. > :23:04.in a hugely popular show on Broadway, in London and in Lagos.
:23:04. > :23:07.Fela's son, Femi Kuti, who's a musician himself, has been in the
:23:07. > :23:17.UK for the latest run of the musical at the Sadler's Wells
:23:17. > :23:20.
:23:20. > :23:25.theatre. Kathy Harcombe went to meet him.
:23:25. > :23:31.He never compromised the truth. He stood no matter what. Mysore him
:23:31. > :23:41.many times, say to the police, shoot me, kill me. I was scared,
:23:41. > :23:45.
:23:45. > :23:50.and they could not understand why he got the courage to say "kill me".
:23:50. > :23:55.Your father paid a high price for his beliefs, he was arrested 200
:23:55. > :24:01.times? Jailed several times, do you think it was worth it? Yes, it is
:24:01. > :24:07.about mankind. It is about freedom of speech, about justice. It is
:24:07. > :24:13.against corruption. It is about the ills of what governments do to
:24:13. > :24:18.their people. So, the bigger picture wasn't about my father, he
:24:18. > :24:25.is just one of the many fighters that has given people like me the
:24:26. > :24:35.courage to stand firm and not compromise the truth. For this, I
:24:36. > :24:41.
:24:41. > :24:46.am proud my father never compromised. How did you feel when
:24:46. > :24:52.you first saw it on Broadway? could not stop crying, it took me
:24:52. > :24:55.back I was so impressed. I went on stage and I thank them. I thank
:24:55. > :25:05.them so many times and I keep thanking them. At that time I felt
:25:05. > :25:15.very lonely. When I saw the play it opened up so many avenues. This
:25:15. > :25:16.
:25:16. > :25:23.battle is not lost. In America,, I have been doing this for five years
:25:23. > :25:29.and I am taking it all over the world. When it came to Nigeria, I
:25:29. > :25:35.think that it was the biggest achievement. On this fight, the
:25:35. > :25:41.struggle, it was a slap on the face of the Nigerian authorities. The
:25:41. > :25:49.same people who are running for presidency of one of the four from
:25:49. > :25:58.fighters in the PDP, all of the same political bigwigs are still on
:25:59. > :26:03.the political scene. -- front runners. What they have achieved in
:26:03. > :26:07.14 years Democratic rule, we still have no electricity, Nigeria is
:26:07. > :26:17.still poor. We cannot give our children a good education,
:26:17. > :26:20.
:26:20. > :26:25.education is only for the very, very rich. I never get frustrated
:26:25. > :26:30.telling the story about my father because I love my father. I loved
:26:30. > :26:35.my father very much. I cannot explain how much I love and how
:26:35. > :26:41.much I am proud of my father. It is my duty to give this information to
:26:41. > :26:47.the best, as truthful as possible, to be as sincere as possible, no
:26:47. > :26:51.Fabrications, for the truth. Well that's all from the programme.
:26:51. > :27:01.Next the weather, but for now from me, Zeinab Badawi, and the rest of
:27:01. > :27:07.
:27:07. > :27:11.Much of the UK got away with a dry start. But it is a different day
:27:12. > :27:16.tomorrow. Cloudier compared with today and it is because of this low
:27:16. > :27:20.pressure. The weather front is with it as it continues north-east
:27:20. > :27:27.across the UK during Tuesday. The heaviest of the rain will be
:27:27. > :27:33.focused on Scotland, but elsewhere under cloudy skies, patchy rain and
:27:33. > :27:37.drizzle is possible. The North East England, given a few breaks in the
:27:37. > :27:41.cloud there may be some sharp showers in the afternoons. East
:27:41. > :27:46.Anglia and the South East, a few glimpses of some are possible, but
:27:46. > :27:52.it is cloudy and breezy with a passing drizzle from time to time.
:27:52. > :27:56.Similar picture into the south-west. Poor visibility into the hills. For
:27:56. > :28:01.Northern Ireland, there will be an improvement, gradually turning
:28:01. > :28:05.brighter. Sunshine edging in from the West. The eastern side last to
:28:05. > :28:09.see that. It may improve into south-west Scotland were elsewhere
:28:09. > :28:16.it is cloudy. This band of rain advancing across the North East in