:00:07. > :00:10.This is BBC World News Today with me, Kirsty Lang.
:00:10. > :00:17.Rebel soldiers strengthen their positions around Sirte, as the
:00:17. > :00:20.clock ticks on an ultimatum for Gaddafi's forces to surrender.
:00:20. > :00:29.After Saturday, loyalist forces in the town have been told that if
:00:29. > :00:32.they do not surrender, the rebels are coming in.
:00:32. > :00:38.For the first time in four decades, Tripoli celebrates Eid without
:00:38. > :00:41.Gaddafi. But who exactly will govern the capital now?
:00:41. > :00:47.The Kosovo Albanian radicalised by online Islamist propaganda pleads
:00:47. > :00:56.guilty to killing two US servicemen in Germany. There is a maul right
:00:56. > :00:59.at the top of the circus. -- mole. How European film studios are
:00:59. > :01:02.giving Hollywood a run for its money at the Venice Festival.
:01:02. > :01:05.And Winston Churchill called it "the most dangerous journey in the
:01:05. > :01:13.world". It is 70 years since these ships crossed the Arctic to supply
:01:13. > :01:15.Soviet troops fighting the Nazis. Hello and welcome.
:01:15. > :01:22.Libya's National Transitional Council says it does not need or
:01:22. > :01:25.want help from the United Nations. Rebel leaders have given Gaddafi
:01:25. > :01:28.loyalists in the ousted leader's home town of Sirte until Saturday
:01:28. > :01:30.to surrender. Colonel Gaddafi is reported to have made a radio
:01:30. > :01:32.broadcast, urging people in Sirte not to surrender. National
:01:32. > :01:40.Transitional Council forces continue to move east from the
:01:40. > :01:44.capital Tripoli and west from Benghazi towards those forces.
:01:44. > :01:49.People here in the Tripoli are continuing to celebrate, not only
:01:49. > :01:55.the liberation of the city, but also the holy festival of Eid al-
:01:55. > :02:01.Fitr. There have been celebrations all through the day to day. And yet,
:02:01. > :02:05.this is still a country in limbo somewhat. What's of uncertainty and
:02:05. > :02:11.unanswered questions. Where is Colonel Gaddafi? What will happen
:02:11. > :02:16.in Sirte, the stronghold, the police of his birth. Sirte is about
:02:16. > :02:21.400 kilometres east of here. The rebels have moved towards it from
:02:21. > :02:25.East and West. They have issued an ultimatum, that if they get that
:02:25. > :02:29.the loyalists there have not surrendered by Saturday, they will
:02:30. > :02:39.attack with a full-blooded assault. Our world affairs correspondent,
:02:40. > :02:43.
:02:43. > :02:49.Paul Wood, reports from the Eid al-Fitr prayers in a hamlet.
:02:49. > :02:55.Fighters and villagers men going easily. This place changed hands a
:02:55. > :03:03.few days ago. The latest stop in the rebel advance to the town of
:03:03. > :03:12.Sirte. Vietnam angrily denounces the Gaddafi forces who had been
:03:12. > :03:16.there. They beat people, they destroyed things, he says. Colonel
:03:16. > :03:21.Gaddafi's troops have fled now and the rebels say they do not want any
:03:21. > :03:25.fighting during the holiday. The fighters have told that they will
:03:25. > :03:31.be a pause in their operations for a few days. That is partly because
:03:31. > :03:35.of the holiday, but it is also to give an opportunity for peace talks
:03:35. > :03:41.with tribal leaders. After Saturday, loyalist forces in the town have
:03:41. > :03:47.been told if they do not surrender, the rebels are coming in. The
:03:47. > :03:56.fighters still hope it will not come to that. They say they have no
:03:56. > :04:04.appetite for revenge. My brothers, they are my brothers. We hope to go
:04:04. > :04:10.to separate. Without fighting, God willing. A few miles outside the
:04:10. > :04:16.village, revel Scout try to locate the loyalist position. Gaddafi
:04:17. > :04:24.forces fired a grad rockets at them this morning, DC. There is no
:04:24. > :04:31.ceasefire. There are a few more days to sick you're one before the
:04:31. > :04:39.battle for Sirte begins. -- a few more days to find one before the
:04:39. > :04:49.battle for Sirte begins. Another correspondent is with the
:04:49. > :04:51.
:04:51. > :04:56.rebel forces. This is what he told This is the West reproach to serve.
:04:56. > :05:06.-- the Western approach to Sirte. The rebels did to consolidate their
:05:06. > :05:10.control over the whole of Libya. These places are important because
:05:10. > :05:20.they believe that key regime at loyalists, those that fled when
:05:20. > :05:24.Tripoli was taken, are there. Two members of Gaddafi's family were
:05:24. > :05:27.spotted and others are believed to have gone in that direction. What
:05:27. > :05:32.you have here is one of the key front lines for the rebels, waiting
:05:32. > :05:39.for orders whether or not to head into Sirte. For now, as seems that
:05:39. > :05:47.strict orders have been sent to all rebel fighters to cease hostilities
:05:47. > :05:55.until Eid al-Fitr is over. They are waiting for orders. This deadline
:05:55. > :06:00.has been issued. If they do not lay down their weapons by Saturday,
:06:00. > :06:04.these groups and that the troops in Ben Kasey are poised to attack. The
:06:04. > :06:11.say they will fall any orders that there are given, but they have come
:06:11. > :06:15.so far they feel that the final stretch is in sight.
:06:15. > :06:19.Let us look ahead to the longer term and the future of Libya more
:06:19. > :06:22.generally, away from the battlefield. The National
:06:22. > :06:27.Transitional Council have rejected the idea that the United Nations
:06:27. > :06:31.could send in peacekeeping troops. The transitional council have said
:06:31. > :06:36.they do not needs any foreign troops on the ground to help them
:06:36. > :06:41.with the transition from the Gaddafi dictatorship to a modern
:06:41. > :06:44.democracy. There is, while the National Transitional Council are
:06:44. > :06:50.based in Benghazi and have not arrived here in Tripoli, there is
:06:50. > :06:54.something of a power vacuum here in the capital. The city really is
:06:54. > :06:58.controlled by different factions from different parts of Libya,
:06:58. > :07:01.different rebel groups controlling different areas. There are some
:07:01. > :07:07.worries that that could lead to a rival bid between different
:07:07. > :07:17.factions, also that some Islamist factions might gain control. People
:07:17. > :07:21.
:07:21. > :07:29.perhaps with links to the Taliban, The war has swept through Tripoli
:07:29. > :07:34.and back into the desert, taking the Colonel Gaddafi with it.
:07:34. > :07:42.Gunfire is for celebration now, not for killing and prayers for Eid al-
:07:42. > :07:49.Fitr, the end of the holy month of Ramadan. Just after dawn, the
:07:49. > :07:55.former Green Square, now named after Libya's martyr's is full and
:07:55. > :08:01.with memories of 40 years of dictatorship. They killed her
:08:01. > :08:10.children, he said. And the rate hour women, he is a murder and God
:08:10. > :08:16.will punish him. -- the reader to our women and he is a murderer.
:08:16. > :08:26.Dewar had already touched the street. On 19th June, and NATO
:08:26. > :08:27.
:08:27. > :08:34.mistake killed a family here. This man can say that the fighters gave
:08:34. > :08:37.their lives and we think it is going to be fine for our family now.
:08:38. > :08:41.Tripoli is feeling very local at the moment. The people are looking
:08:41. > :08:45.after themselves and their families. They are looking after their
:08:45. > :08:49.neighbourhoods. There is a vacuum at the top. The National
:08:49. > :08:53.Transitional Council has been recognised by some of the biggest
:08:53. > :08:57.powers in the world, but around here, at his local people that are
:08:57. > :09:00.taking the decisions. And decision- making on the street starts with
:09:01. > :09:07.these men, locals who picked up guns to fight the regime, stopping
:09:07. > :09:11.to check us out. Anyone suspicious it's taken to this school,
:09:11. > :09:17.requisitioned by the fighters. These three were suspected nurse
:09:17. > :09:23.nowadays. The prisoners said they were innocent migrant workers
:09:23. > :09:28.picked up because they were black. They were terrified and not much
:09:28. > :09:32.reassured when their captors, all fighters from Tripoli, said there
:09:32. > :09:38.would be justice in the new Libya. The hard part is starting now,
:09:38. > :09:44.because now we have we to build a country, to have creative people,
:09:44. > :09:48.to produce, we're going to do everything. Men with guns still set
:09:48. > :09:58.the pace here, not civilian politicians who have been slow off
:09:58. > :10:02.the mark. Long term, that does not equal stability.
:10:02. > :10:12.So what happens next here in Libya? As we have seen here, the war is
:10:12. > :10:14.
:10:14. > :10:17.not quite over it, the revolution is not quite complete. Joining me
:10:17. > :10:27.from Washington is Marius Deed, Professor of Middle East studies at
:10:27. > :10:29.Johns Hopkins University. What do you think they National
:10:29. > :10:34.Transitional Council need to do in the next few months? It needs to
:10:34. > :10:40.move quickly, it should not wait for Colonel Gaddafi to be captured.
:10:40. > :10:46.It has a authority and legitimacy. This will move faster if it they
:10:46. > :10:53.are on the ground in the Tripoli. There is also some concern about
:10:53. > :10:56.who exactly is the opposition, who are the rebels. There are concerns
:10:56. > :11:00.that there are different factions that may fall out, his list people
:11:00. > :11:07.with the nerve that have some extremist links. What is your view
:11:07. > :11:10.of that? There are different groups, but I am optimistic. The top leader
:11:10. > :11:20.of the National Transitional Council is composed of people that
:11:20. > :11:20.
:11:20. > :11:28.have tremendous credentials and all believe in the rule of law. In a
:11:28. > :11:35.way, this provides some kind of assurance that the rule of law is
:11:35. > :11:43.going to be the norm after the rule of a Gaddafi, which was lawless and
:11:43. > :11:48.are based on tyranny and oppression. How easy or difficult do you think
:11:48. > :11:55.it will be for the new, interim administration, when it is formed
:11:55. > :12:02.in it Tripoli, to get at democracy up and running? There have been all
:12:02. > :12:06.the democratic elections here since 1952. How hard will that be? It is
:12:06. > :12:11.not going to be easy, but I do not think it will be extremely
:12:11. > :12:19.difficult. People are ready for a system which is open, where they
:12:19. > :12:25.can elect their own representatives, freely. Sirte is made of tribes and
:12:25. > :12:28.different regions. In a way, this helps a democracy. Democracy is
:12:28. > :12:37.about local politics, about electing candidates who will
:12:37. > :12:41.represent them in a parliament. I think it is very possible that
:12:41. > :12:50.democracy will be established soon after the war and the triumph of
:12:50. > :12:57.the the revolution. The idea that no more than 18 months until a
:12:57. > :13:01.government is established and there is a different constitution. I
:13:01. > :13:10.think they have had it with the repression and the dictatorship,
:13:10. > :13:20.they do not want to hear about it. What are they want -- what they
:13:20. > :13:21.
:13:21. > :13:27.want his freedom and human dignity. Thank you for joining us.
:13:27. > :13:32.Now a summary of what is happening here in a Tripoli. Water is in
:13:32. > :13:37.desperately short supply. There is a huge pipeline that runs 1,000
:13:37. > :13:45.kilometres from the south. No water is coming along that pipeline.
:13:45. > :13:51.Water is in desperately short supply. The transitional council
:13:51. > :13:55.want frozen assets on a frozen as soon as possible. That has happened
:13:55. > :14:00.with the �1 billion worth of assets in the United Kingdom. That has
:14:00. > :14:06.been on a frozen, Libyan of bank notes that are being flown by the
:14:06. > :14:11.British RAF to Libya so that that money can start to get into supply.
:14:11. > :14:16.A lot of people here have not been paid for months. There is literally
:14:16. > :14:22.no money in many people's pockets. Those are the problems that people
:14:22. > :14:26.are facing here. They are being patient at the moment, but that
:14:26. > :14:36.patient may run out in the next weeks and months. That is the
:14:36. > :14:38.
:14:38. > :14:48.latest from Tripoli. I will hand Now a look at some of the day's
:14:48. > :14:54.
:14:54. > :15:04.other news. He told the court in Frankfurt he
:15:04. > :15:07.
:15:07. > :15:15.had been radical art by looking at online propaganda.
:15:15. > :15:21.The suspect said it contradicted his beliefs. He went it took a
:15:21. > :15:26.military bus and asked one of them for a light before shooting him in
:15:26. > :15:34.the head. He went on to the bus shouting, God is great, in Arabic,
:15:34. > :15:40.and shot another servicemen dead. He wounded two more. He fled, to be
:15:40. > :15:48.caught in the terminal. He said he acted after seeing a video on
:15:48. > :15:58.Facebook. It was an anti- America propaganda video, which used clips
:15:58. > :16:04.
:16:04. > :16:11.and anti-war film. The 9/11 attacks were planned by people attended a
:16:11. > :16:17.mosque in Hamburg. It was thought that he might be part of a bigger
:16:17. > :16:23.organisation. It turned out he was just a crazed individual. He said,
:16:23. > :16:27.what I did was wrong but cannot be undone. His trial is estimated to
:16:27. > :16:34.last for 10 days. He will probably get life imprisonment, which means
:16:34. > :16:37.in Germany, about 15 years. The authorities in Nigeria say they've
:16:37. > :16:40.arrested two members of the Islamist group, Boko Haram, in
:16:40. > :16:42.connection with last week's bombing of the UN office in the capital,
:16:42. > :16:46.Abuja. Boko Haram said it carried out the
:16:46. > :16:49.suicide attack which killed more than twenty people. The group is
:16:49. > :16:54.alleged to have links with Al Qaeda. The Nigerian government has asked
:16:54. > :16:57.America's FBI for help in investigating the incident.
:16:57. > :17:02.BP has claimed that a raid by investigators of its offices in
:17:02. > :17:05.Moscow is an attempt to apply pressure on its business in Russia.
:17:05. > :17:07.The company says the action is linked to a court case in Western
:17:08. > :17:14.Siberia, which relates to the collapse of BP's Arctic oil
:17:14. > :17:20.exploration deal with Rosneft. Australia's High Court has blocked
:17:20. > :17:23.government plans for a refugee swap with Malaysia. It ruled that the
:17:23. > :17:25.human rights of asylum seekers who went to Malaysia could not be
:17:25. > :17:28.guaranteed. The Australian government has called the verdict
:17:28. > :17:31."disappointing." An 11-year-old boy has become the
:17:31. > :17:35.youngest person to be sentenced over his part in the riots in
:17:35. > :17:38.London earlier this month. The boy, who can't be named for legal
:17:38. > :17:48.reasons, was given an 18 month rehabilitation order after stealing
:17:48. > :17:54.
:17:54. > :17:57.a rubbish bin from the Debenhams department store..
:17:57. > :18:00.Stars, filmmakers and fans are gathering in Venice for the annual
:18:00. > :18:03.film festival, with a some hotly anticipated titles. But this year's
:18:03. > :18:05.line-up of films making their world premiere includes a high number of
:18:05. > :18:08.big budget productions made and financed in Europe rather than
:18:08. > :18:18.Hollywood. And these are not just art-house films, but high profile
:18:18. > :18:19.
:18:19. > :18:27.pictures with big-name actors and directors. There's a mole at the
:18:27. > :18:30.top of the circus... Tinker tailor soldier Spy is the
:18:30. > :18:36.quintessential spy movie that has been made for Hollywood, you would
:18:36. > :18:41.think, but it was made in France. It is financed by a French company,
:18:41. > :18:49.which believes the film has a strong appeal for European
:18:49. > :18:57.audiences. With stars like Colin Firth and John Hurt, it makes sense.
:18:57. > :19:01.Tinker, tailor... Soldier... Spy... Films of the European sensibility
:19:01. > :19:05.have more chance of getting made on this side of the Atlantic,
:19:05. > :19:10.particularly with Hollywood studios currently obsessed with making
:19:10. > :19:15.super hero franchised movies. If these can make money outside Europe,
:19:15. > :19:20.they could provide Hollywood with much-needed competition. Carnage is
:19:20. > :19:29.the latest movie from Roman Polanski. It is another pan-
:19:29. > :19:36.European co-production, financed in France. Sex. A male. David
:19:36. > :19:46.Cronenberg's latest film is set in Zurich and Vienna, and funded by
:19:46. > :19:49.
:19:49. > :19:54.Europe. Setting up a pan-European super studio to rival Hollywood has
:19:54. > :19:58.long been a dream for European film makers. If the line up at the
:19:58. > :20:01.Venice Festival is anything to go by, it is a dream that might just
:20:01. > :20:04.be getting a bit closer. But there are some films that could
:20:04. > :20:11.not be made anywhere other than America. One such movie was
:20:11. > :20:13.released today in New York. Rebirth looks back at the struggles of five
:20:13. > :20:16.individuals who were traumatised by the terror attacks of 9/11. It's
:20:16. > :20:19.just one of several films which have attempted to capture the
:20:19. > :20:25.horror of both the day and its aftermath. Ten years on, Tom Brook
:20:25. > :20:30.has been looking at the impact of 9/11 on Hollywood.
:20:31. > :20:36.On that day, the attacks were being described as a keen to way
:20:36. > :20:41.Hollywood movie. It's right out of a disaster movie, but it is very
:20:41. > :20:47.real... It shook up the film industry. It is unlike anything I
:20:47. > :20:52.can think of in my lifetime. Therefore, the film industry, which
:20:52. > :20:57.is a secondary factor, will change. What did change in Hollywood? 9/11
:20:57. > :21:02.did not bring forth any great cinema classics, but it caught the
:21:02. > :21:06.attention of film-makers. created a great desire to address
:21:06. > :21:12.why this happened. And how it happened, and what do we do now,
:21:12. > :21:15.and how do we deal with this NME? Some academics who have taught
:21:15. > :21:21.courses on a 9/11 or doubt whether anything will ever capture the
:21:21. > :21:30.horror of the day. These two magnificent buildings coming down,
:21:30. > :21:35.no artistic cinematic way possible to represent that, make it feel the
:21:35. > :21:43.way the actual event made you feel. Hollywood was hesitant initially.
:21:43. > :21:49.It took time. The first studio pictures, like Oliver Stone's film
:21:49. > :21:59.in 2003, focused more on the Americans. In terms of larger
:21:59. > :22:02.issues about why this happened at all, America's place in the global
:22:02. > :22:08.world, I do not think Hollywood went very fine capturing those
:22:08. > :22:13.things. Those are by definition adult themes, and Hollywood is not
:22:13. > :22:22.orientated to making adult movies. It is orientated to making fantasy
:22:22. > :22:27.films for teenagers. More scenes where explored in documentaries.
:22:27. > :22:33.Non-political documentaries also addressed psychological
:22:33. > :22:41.complexities. Rebirth followed some individuals are becoming the
:22:41. > :22:47.traumas following 9/11. It shows how a human being shines through a
:22:47. > :22:54.person. Cinnamon in this particular place takes it through the years --
:22:54. > :22:58.cinema in this particular place to take it through the years.
:22:58. > :23:03.Hollywood has yet to make a movie they can be seen as a definitive
:23:03. > :23:09.9/11 film, most agree. That is because the narrative to explain it
:23:09. > :23:12.all is still emerging. Two months after Hitler attacked
:23:12. > :23:17.the Soviet Union, the first of the 78 Allied Arctic Convoys docked in
:23:17. > :23:20.the port of Arkhangel in northern Russia. It's now 70 years since
:23:20. > :23:28.those ships arrived, carrying vital supplies for Soviet troops fighting
:23:28. > :23:36.the Nazis. Dozens of British ships were destroyed by German U boats
:23:36. > :23:39.and bomber jets as they made the perilous journey. Today a group of
:23:39. > :23:44.British war veterans are in the northern Russian city of
:23:44. > :23:48.Arkhangelsk to mark the occasion. Steve Rosenberg reports.
:23:48. > :23:53.Winston Churchill called it the worst journey in the world. Through
:23:53. > :23:57.thick fog and freezing cold, under attack from German U-boats and
:23:58. > :24:04.fighter-bombers, the Arctic convoys battled their way to have Russia.
:24:04. > :24:09.British ships helped keep the Soviet Union supplied with fuel.
:24:09. > :24:19.But at a cost. Over 100 allied vessels never made it back home.
:24:19. > :24:20.
:24:20. > :24:23.Today, British veterans of the convoy's returned to Arkhangel. A
:24:23. > :24:30.chance for these men to honour the memory of the 3,000 sailors who
:24:30. > :24:38.lost their lives maintaining Russia's lifeline. We thought, this
:24:38. > :24:44.is hell, Absolute Hell, I do not ever want this to happen again. I
:24:44. > :24:51.look back, and think, it was one of the proudest moments of my life, to
:24:51. > :24:56.have done such a thing. These veterans have been welcomed back as
:24:56. > :25:00.heroes. Russia says it will never forget the contribution they made
:25:00. > :25:05.and the risks they took to help Russia win of the war. Back home,
:25:05. > :25:08.some convoy veterans feel that Britain has forgotten them. William
:25:08. > :25:14.Grenfell is campaigning for veterans of the Arctic convoys to
:25:14. > :25:18.be awarded medals. He thinks they are long overdue. There are
:25:18. > :25:28.probably a large number of highly placed people in this country who
:25:28. > :25:28.
:25:28. > :25:36.just could not stomach the idea of British men having a medal for
:25:36. > :25:43.helping the Russians. So many years have gone by, for goodness sake!
:25:43. > :25:47.What these men did is hugely significant. But against the
:25:47. > :25:51.backdrop of World War II, it has to be put into perspective. This time
:25:51. > :25:58.for the veterans, the fighting was not real, but the French reports.
:25:58. > :26:01.Here, they will always be remembered as heroes.
:26:01. > :26:03.A reminder of our main news. Sporadic clashes have continued
:26:03. > :26:10.between Libyan opposition forces and Colonel Gaddafi loyalists near
:26:10. > :26:12.the town of Bani Walid where rebels believe the Colonel may be hiding.
:26:12. > :26:15.The opposition National Transitional Council has given both
:26:15. > :26:25.Bani Walid and Colonel Gaddafi's hometown of Sirte until Saturday to
:26:25. > :26:27.
:26:27. > :26:32.surrender. In Germany, 21-year-old has
:26:32. > :26:38.admitted that he killed two US servicemen in Frankfurt. He
:26:38. > :26:47.expressed regret for what he had done. He had become radical Arab --
:26:47. > :26:57.he had become radical lysed by propaganda. That's all from the
:26:57. > :27:02.
:27:02. > :27:08.programme. Next, the weather. The Good evening. It has been a
:27:08. > :27:13.cloudy story for most of the UK today. Tomorrow should stay largely
:27:13. > :27:19.dry. Here's the reason for that. High pressure across the UK stays
:27:19. > :27:24.with us on Thursday. Low-pressure lurking towards the West and that
:27:24. > :27:30.will go into northern areas. Despite a cloud is that for most,
:27:30. > :27:33.most places will brighten with some spells of sunshine coming through
:27:33. > :27:37.false for north-east England, Thursday afternoon, they have is a
:27:37. > :27:43.chance of the odd shower but nothing more than that. For the
:27:43. > :27:49.Midlands, East Anglia and south- east England, a lovely afternoon.
:27:49. > :27:52.Pleasant spells of sunshine. Highs of 20, 21. Across Wales and South
:27:52. > :28:02.western parts of England, very promising for Thursday afternoon.
:28:02. > :28:03.
:28:03. > :28:10.Temperatures in the low twenties. Cloud amounts will vary in Northern
:28:10. > :28:16.Ireland. Bright skies for western Scotland, but further east, it is