:00:45. > :00:55.More than a dozen killed in Serie A's ongoing anti- Government
:00:55. > :00:57.
:00:57. > :01:01.protests. -- Serie A's. Also ahead, terror alert in Nigeria. Unprepared
:01:01. > :01:11.and taken unawares. The Nigerian Government tells the BBC the latest
:01:11. > :01:12.
:01:12. > :01:16.attacks by the militant group Boko Haram took it by surprise. And with
:01:16. > :01:26.Rok's biggest earners approaching their twilight years, are
:01:26. > :01:34.
:01:34. > :01:38.tomorrow's musicians being denied Hello and welcome. The new teams
:01:38. > :01:48.hoping to lead Greece and Italy out of their situation are hoping to
:01:48. > :01:55.
:01:55. > :02:03.take shape today. Greece has sworn in Lucas Papademos. Here is our
:02:03. > :02:08.correspondent with a look at the latest developments. In Greece, the
:02:08. > :02:16.economy that put the Eurozone under threat, a new prime minister is
:02:16. > :02:24.sworn in. Lucas Papademos is an Economist. Formerly with the
:02:24. > :02:30.European Central Bank. Three is opting for a safe pair of hands.
:02:30. > :02:40.Italy seems to be choosing the same as. Ushering a pause to the era of
:02:40. > :02:42.
:02:42. > :02:52.flamboyant leadership. Their choice, a former low-key European
:02:52. > :02:54.
:02:54. > :02:58.Commissioner, and seen as low He was given a hero's welcome
:02:58. > :03:05.inside the chamber. Then came speeches underlining the pressure
:03:05. > :03:09.on Italy to change direction. We do hope that this act can pave the way
:03:09. > :03:18.to a government that will enable Italy to come out of this critical
:03:18. > :03:24.situation. The argument won the day. 156 votes its four, 12 against and
:03:24. > :03:31.one abstention. Opposition senators did not take part, nor did they
:03:31. > :03:37.block. The austerity package hopes to save almost 60 billion euros. It
:03:37. > :03:42.it aims to balance the Budget by 2014. Measures include an increase
:03:42. > :03:52.in VAT, and increasing the retirement age for women to match
:03:52. > :03:57.that of men. To 60 in 2014 and 65 and 2026. There will be measures to
:03:57. > :04:03.fight tax evasion. The cuts will be tough, but the markets, and many
:04:03. > :04:09.Italians welcome the change he symbolises. I think he will be good.
:04:09. > :04:15.I think he is capable. I think he has the right capabilities. I hope
:04:15. > :04:21.he does better than the last lot. I hope things improve. Greece and
:04:21. > :04:27.Italy, to ancient cultures. By the time the markets are open on Monday,
:04:27. > :04:33.they may have very different styles of leadership.
:04:33. > :04:36.In the midst of the debt crisis in Italy, the outgoing prime minister
:04:36. > :04:41.Silvio Berlusconi famously said the Italian economy was doing all right
:04:41. > :04:46.because the restaurants were full. He has survived sex scandals,
:04:46. > :04:52.corruption scandal and votes of no confidence. In the end, the
:04:52. > :05:00.Eurozone crisis meant he could no longer cling to power.
:05:00. > :05:04.Three-times prime minister, multi- billionaire. Silvio Berlusconi has
:05:04. > :05:08.been the consummate survivor of Italian politics. He never seemed
:05:08. > :05:13.to suffer embarrassment on account of his sometimes I'd read as public
:05:13. > :05:18.behaviour. The German Chancellor Angela Merkel was clearly irritated
:05:18. > :05:23.when asked to wait for him to finish a phone call. On a visit to
:05:23. > :05:27.Moscow, he famously referred to the American President as tanned. On
:05:27. > :05:32.another occasion, he publicly proclaimed it was better to like
:05:32. > :05:36.girls and be gay. His time in office has been tainted by scandal.
:05:36. > :05:40.He has been called before the courts on fraud and corruption
:05:40. > :05:45.charges although never actually convicted. He is currently facing
:05:45. > :05:49.trial on charges of paying for sex with an under-age prostitute. A
:05:50. > :05:56.charismatic speaker and notorious womaniser, he has been nicknamed
:05:56. > :06:01.the Sultan on account of the babies of young women at his parties. On
:06:01. > :06:06.December 2009, he was assaulted in the street in Milan. A man through
:06:06. > :06:10.a many statue into the Prime Minister's face, leaving him
:06:10. > :06:15.bleeding and shaken. It has been the economy, rather than scandal
:06:15. > :06:21.which has underlined his premiership. He thought his allies
:06:21. > :06:26.would stand by him, but his popularity slowly ebbed away as.
:06:26. > :06:32.To take stock of Silvio Berlusconi's life and career, we
:06:32. > :06:37.are joined by a columnist who also teaches at Princeton University.
:06:37. > :06:40.He's a vied the rows over there parties, in the end it was that the
:06:40. > :06:48.economy that got to him. Critics say he never got to grips
:06:48. > :06:57.with it? That is exactly what a few of us have been saying for years.
:06:57. > :07:07.Berlusconi's coalition did not give a damn about his personal behaviour.
:07:07. > :07:09.
:07:09. > :07:15.Eventually the economy got to him. Now, we hope that the two Super
:07:15. > :07:19.Mario has can do the job. But it is going to be very difficult.
:07:19. > :07:23.Focusing on Silvio Berlusconi, on what could be the final day of his
:07:23. > :07:30.premiership, he has still got about three television stations,
:07:30. > :07:36.newspapers and so on. Will he still have influenced in Italy? It is
:07:36. > :07:39.funny because Silvio Berlusconi has a conflict of interest, at which he
:07:39. > :07:48.has used to promote his own political party in the last 20
:07:48. > :07:56.years. Will he unleashed his media empire against his opponent? If he
:07:56. > :08:02.does, eventually his media empire will pay a price. In the last hour
:08:02. > :08:08.of Silvio Berlusconi running the country, they lost 12% on the
:08:08. > :08:14.Italian Wall Street. He would have to be wary of running too much
:08:14. > :08:18.trouble. I get the idea of where you were coming from when you talk
:08:18. > :08:27.about Silvio Berlusconi. But how do you think the Italian people might
:08:27. > :08:33.be reflecting on his career, positive or negative? The country
:08:33. > :08:37.is neatly divided into three factions. One-third of the country
:08:37. > :08:43.still think that Silvio Berlusconi was a godsend and will keep the
:08:43. > :08:49.voting for him so. This does not mean they will vote for his party,
:08:49. > :08:54.but they voted for him. One third of the country think that he is the
:08:54. > :08:58.Devil and anything he says or does is terrible. One-third of the
:08:58. > :09:05.country desperately wanted an alternative for Mr Berlusconi, but
:09:05. > :09:10.never got it from the centre left until they split, some voted for
:09:10. > :09:15.Silvio Berlusconi and some voted against him. I hope now that we
:09:15. > :09:25.will have some sort of national unity. We were looking at pictures
:09:25. > :09:25.
:09:25. > :09:29.of Silvio Berlusconi on the world stage. Do you think... What do you
:09:29. > :09:39.think Italy's image has been like under Silvio Berlusconi and do you
:09:39. > :09:42.
:09:42. > :09:47.think it can change? I do not think that Mr Berlusconi was's clownish
:09:47. > :09:51.performance which damage the country. It was the economy and
:09:51. > :09:55.that is where the future generations will pay. He could have
:09:55. > :10:03.done a lot better running of the economy. The country will bleed for
:10:03. > :10:10.this. Activists in serious say at least 14 people have been killed in
:10:10. > :10:14.the latest protest against the Government in the capital Damascus.
:10:14. > :10:18.The organisation Human Rights Watch has accused Syrian forces of
:10:18. > :10:28.committing crimes against humanity and says Syria should have its
:10:28. > :10:31.
:10:31. > :10:36.membership of the Arab League The cities and towns of Syria
:10:36. > :10:41.remain killing zones. More than one week after the government promised
:10:41. > :10:46.the Arab League it would pull out all of the security forces. This
:10:46. > :10:53.battle near Damascus, one of many in recent days which have left at
:10:53. > :10:59.least 100 people dead. For many opposition activists, the
:10:59. > :11:05.city of Homs is the centre of the revolution against the regime of
:11:05. > :11:11.President Ali Abdullah Saleh. The crackdown on protesters here,
:11:11. > :11:16.particularly brutal. Up to 1000 civilians reported killed. This,
:11:16. > :11:23.and allegations of widespread torture amount to crimes against
:11:23. > :11:27.humanity -- humanity. We hope that the evidence we put on the table
:11:27. > :11:31.today will galvanise those parts of the international system who have
:11:31. > :11:37.been making excuses for months as to why it is not appropriate to act.
:11:37. > :11:41.The time is now to act. We cannot tolerate the scale of human rights
:11:41. > :11:46.abuses we have seen in recent months. As the international
:11:46. > :11:51.community dithers, the protests on the ground in Syria were gaining
:11:51. > :11:57.ever widening support. According to opposition activists, increasing
:11:57. > :12:03.numbers of soldiers are defecting from the Armed Forces. Like this
:12:03. > :12:07.man, now commander of a rebel force called the free Syrian army. He
:12:07. > :12:13.told the BBC they were defending the people and said the President
:12:13. > :12:17.Ali Abdullah Saleh regime would only be removed by force. That
:12:17. > :12:27.could lead to even greater casualties. In a full-scale civil
:12:27. > :12:32.war in which a brutal regime is confronted by an armed resistance.
:12:32. > :12:36.Let's take a look at some of the day's other developments. There has
:12:36. > :12:41.been an upsurge of violence in Yemen with a report saying at least
:12:41. > :12:46.11 people have been killed. In fighting between government forces
:12:46. > :12:51.and militia men in Taiz. This coincides with the return of the UN
:12:51. > :12:53.envoy trying to end months of conflict between supporters of
:12:54. > :12:59.President Ali Abdullah Saleh and supporter groups.
:12:59. > :13:04.People across the United Kingdom have absurd two Minute silence to
:13:04. > :13:09.mark Remembrance Day. Readers were laid at the Cenotaph. President
:13:09. > :13:15.Sarkozy of France laid a wreath at the tomb of the Unknown soldier
:13:15. > :13:22.under a bit Arc de Triomph in Paris. Barack Obama has marked Veterans
:13:22. > :13:26.Day at Arlington cemetery. London has won its bid to host the
:13:26. > :13:32.World a lot -- Athletic Championships in 2017. The decision
:13:32. > :13:40.was announced by the International Athletic authorities in the Monaco.
:13:40. > :13:44.In September, as you may remember, at the UN assembly Mahmoud Abbas
:13:44. > :13:48.made a speech requesting full state membership of the United Nations.
:13:48. > :13:53.Today the UN Security Council has taken a decision that affects that
:13:53. > :13:57.particular hope. Be Security Council report shows that only
:13:58. > :14:02.eight of the 15 it backed the move, leaving the Palestinians just one
:14:02. > :14:06.vote short of the majority they needed. But the US had indicated it
:14:06. > :14:13.would have used its veto power to block the move even if a majority
:14:13. > :14:20.had been reached. Let's get more on this. Where does this leave the
:14:20. > :14:23.Palestinians, could be a press for a vote? Yes. We have seen it
:14:23. > :14:27.committee which has been looking at their application over the past
:14:27. > :14:32.couple of weeks, it has come up with a report saying it could not
:14:32. > :14:36.recommend for or against because the security council is divided. It
:14:36. > :14:43.summed up everyone's positions and now at the Palestinians must decide
:14:43. > :14:48.what to do yet -- now. They had been thinking of calling for a vote
:14:48. > :14:51.because they knew the Americans would veto. And they were hoping
:14:51. > :14:56.for a moral victory, if they could muster the nine votes needed to
:14:56. > :15:02.pass a rare but -- resolution, it would be clear that the Americans
:15:02. > :15:06.were the obstacle to then getting membership. In fact, it looks as if
:15:06. > :15:09.they only had eight votes, not the nine needed. They have to decide
:15:09. > :15:14.whether to drop the Security Council approach, or whether to
:15:14. > :15:20.push ahead for a boat as a symbolic step because they say this is a
:15:20. > :15:27.legal right that they have. They could press to become eight non-
:15:27. > :15:31.member Observer state of the UN. Is that likely? I think it is probably
:15:31. > :15:35.one of the more likely options. The Palestinians have said today they
:15:35. > :15:38.will consider what to do. They are going to discuss amongst the
:15:38. > :15:43.Palestinian leadership. They will consult with the Arab League next
:15:43. > :15:47.week about what to do. There are leaders who would prefer this
:15:47. > :15:50.option because it means you would not have a confrontation with the
:15:50. > :15:56.Americans at the Security Council and you could possibly come up with
:15:56. > :16:01.something, even if it is not full membership. It would upgrade
:16:01. > :16:04.Palestine's status. They could ask to be upgraded to a non-member of
:16:04. > :16:08.server state. That would probably strengthen their hand at legally
:16:08. > :16:18.and politically to challenge the Israeli occupation within an
:16:18. > :16:19.
:16:20. > :16:25.The Nigerian defence minister has told the BBC that last week's
:16:25. > :16:28.attacks by Boko Haram caught his troops by surprise. Bello Haliru
:16:28. > :16:38.Mohammed said despite the large military presence in North eastern
:16:38. > :16:44.Nigeria, Boko Haram had given it the slip. It lost an attack on the
:16:44. > :16:48.town of Damaturu. -- launched. The damage in the town of Damaturu rule
:16:48. > :16:53.was clear to see. Police stations and banks were bombed, churches
:16:53. > :16:58.burnt to the ground as young men went on the rampage. More than 100
:16:58. > :17:02.people died. The bodies have been buried and thoughts are now turning
:17:02. > :17:12.to what more the Government could have done to stop the deadly rise
:17:12. > :17:14.
:17:14. > :17:19.of Boko Haram. When they became a problem, the Government issued
:17:19. > :17:24.legal strategies. In the long run it only gives the group a measure
:17:24. > :17:27.of support from the populace. who have dealt directly with Boko
:17:27. > :17:31.Haram say their key demands are that their leaders are released
:17:31. > :17:35.from prison, that there be justice for their members killed by the
:17:36. > :17:40.police, and the security forces pulled back from their heartland in
:17:40. > :17:46.north Nigeria. They do not sound impossible, but the military say
:17:46. > :17:51.for them to withdraw there must be stability first. The important
:17:51. > :17:57.thing is to reduce or stop the killings. I believe we are working
:17:57. > :18:03.to do that. Once the killings are stopped, the issue of the
:18:03. > :18:07.grievances will also be addressed. Government critics say there has
:18:07. > :18:15.been too much emphasis on the military option, which has damaged
:18:15. > :18:23.the chances of talks taking place. Brute force can never solve a
:18:23. > :18:28.political problem. Brute force can never kill an idea. What can kill
:18:29. > :18:38.an idea is negotiation, dialogue and understanding. Do you think the
:18:38. > :18:42.current Government is capable of doing that? No! They have no idea.
:18:42. > :18:52.Boko Haram has hit Abuja twice this year and has promised to strike
:18:52. > :18:52.
:18:52. > :18:57.again. Nigeria's militants are now the entire country's problems. --
:18:57. > :19:01.problems. The rise in the popularity of music on YouTube may
:19:01. > :19:08.be good for listeners, but it is causing a problem for young
:19:09. > :19:12.recording artists. The Performing Rights Society says there is an
:19:12. > :19:22.imbalance with older bands dominating the music sector, and
:19:22. > :19:26.
:19:26. > :19:32.younger artists lacking support. It must be strange going to school
:19:32. > :19:39.and coming home poking about album deals? Yes, it is! Today has been
:19:39. > :19:43.really weird, going from science division -- revision to recording.
:19:43. > :19:49.Birdy, still at school and this week in the top 10 with her first
:19:49. > :19:55.album. Her Rendition? Travelling around the world and playing at
:19:55. > :20:05.huge concerts. I love performing. She is just 15 and it is looking
:20:05. > :20:08.
:20:08. > :20:18.good. What about 18, 21, 25? The music industry has real fears. The
:20:18. > :20:19.
:20:19. > :20:28.real money is being made... There is a problem, age. There is quite
:20:28. > :20:34.an imbalance of heritage bands dominating the live music sector.
:20:34. > :20:42.The figures are startling. The Rolling Stones, Elton John, Paul
:20:42. > :20:48.McCartney, 40% of those top hats are over 60. 19% and like you to
:20:48. > :20:54.and Madonna, now in their fifties. 96% were over 40. Britney Spears is
:20:54. > :21:00.the only twentysomething. The X Factor may create fame, but long-
:21:00. > :21:08.term success? If you do not have a hit with your first single, it is
:21:08. > :21:12.all over. It is extremely fickle. A quick turnaround. The number of
:21:12. > :21:22.songwriters is at a record high. Long-term, who will be the Heritage
:21:22. > :21:23.
:21:23. > :21:29.at softer moral? -- the Heritage acts of tomorrow?
:21:29. > :21:37.She has got a nice voice. I have got company now. I have got David
:21:37. > :21:41.McAlmont, a singer-songwriter, and Jon Webster, Chief Executive of the
:21:41. > :21:49.Music Managers Forum. Record labels are understandably worried about
:21:49. > :21:56.taking risks, aren't they? Haitink they are at the moment. The
:21:56. > :22:02.economics of the recording industry has changed drastically. I think it
:22:02. > :22:06.is easier perhaps for young artists to make records. There are a lot
:22:06. > :22:16.more of them out there but getting traction in the worldwide market is
:22:16. > :22:24.very tough. David, despite that, you are seeing good at coming
:22:24. > :22:30.through -- axis. Adele is one of the fortunate ones who has been
:22:30. > :22:34.given some clue as to what the industry and tails. One of the
:22:35. > :22:40.problems the industry does have is that it does not really coach its
:22:40. > :22:44.act correctly. A lot of people who come into the industry are
:22:44. > :22:49.attracted because of their talent and made to understand that talent
:22:49. > :22:56.is all they need. An awful lot more is involved. The graduates of the
:22:56. > :23:01.Brit School are doing better. you saying managers are not doing
:23:02. > :23:07.right by artists? I can only speak from my own experience. Certainly I
:23:07. > :23:11.was not coached. I have had to learn a lot for myself. I am now
:23:11. > :23:16.releasing independently and funding my music through touring. I had to
:23:16. > :23:23.learn that the hard way. I am without a label and without
:23:23. > :23:30.management. I have to survive as an artist. Is this a typical story?
:23:30. > :23:35.Yes. We get phone calls every day from artists he do not necessarily
:23:35. > :23:39.know about the internet or the business. They do not want to learn.
:23:39. > :23:46.We encourage artists to learn the basics. Find a manager who cannot
:23:46. > :23:49.do all of the work to relieve them so they can be creative. Are you
:23:49. > :23:55.basically saying to them, this is the business and we have to make
:23:55. > :24:02.money? I have always said it is the music business. That is what we are
:24:02. > :24:08.in. That is what people need to appreciate. They have to go a long
:24:08. > :24:14.way today as an artist before they get a manager. If they are not
:24:14. > :24:17.making income, a manager is not making a living. The industry is in
:24:17. > :24:21.a bit of a crisis because the distribution has been ruptured by
:24:21. > :24:27.the internet. People can attract attention without having to go
:24:27. > :24:37.through those channels. I think the industry is closing ranks around
:24:37. > :24:44.the business. And not appreciating the creative? People just want to
:24:45. > :24:48.hear great music. Slowly the corporate ties Asian has taken over.
:24:48. > :24:58.There is that tension between the corporate and that the business
:24:58. > :25:03.side. You have to make money. --? That is true. There are many
:25:03. > :25:10.different models coming through these days. You can dine with the
:25:10. > :25:17.band, you can get signed CDs etc. There are many innovative ways. And
:25:18. > :25:22.they are working. I did have a meeting with the raffle and manager
:25:22. > :25:27.a couple of days ago and he said the CD was basically dying because
:25:27. > :25:31.of downloading. You have to find other ways of making money?
:25:31. > :25:35.advice I was given was to work in social networking so that people
:25:35. > :25:39.engage with you without having to listen to the radio or watched
:25:40. > :25:46.television, because that was not a given any more. Problems like X
:25:46. > :25:53.Factor, Good or bad? On balance I would say that. They are to short
:25:53. > :25:58.term, they do not really developed acts. And once people get into one
:25:58. > :26:04.Act, the next series comes along and they get into the next act.
:26:04. > :26:10.Very few serious artists come out of those talent shows. I think the
:26:10. > :26:14.X Factor has been excellent television for a while. It is about
:26:14. > :26:21.getting people to watch television. That is it. What about the idea
:26:21. > :26:27.that you see people like David getting a fan base on the
:26:27. > :26:31.internet... That is the way of the world. That is how music industry
:26:31. > :26:38.executives are finding out. They look for the YouTube hits and all
:26:38. > :26:44.that stuff. Thank you both. A reminder of the
:26:44. > :26:48.main news. The Italian Senate has approved at reform package to end
:26:48. > :26:51.the Country's debt crisis. Parliamentary approval should lead
:26:51. > :27:01.to the promised resignation of Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi.
:27:01. > :27:01.
:27:01. > :27:08.Hello. Behind the band of rain moving east across the UK overnight,
:27:08. > :27:14.there is plenty of dry weather to come. Much of the UK will gradually
:27:14. > :27:24.brighten up. This weather front is moving through overnight. Behind
:27:24. > :27:24.
:27:24. > :27:29.that, rain. A lot of cloud in the south-east. Elsewhere, the
:27:29. > :27:34.brightening up process continues through the morning. A fine
:27:34. > :27:41.afternoon in northern England. Variable cloud and sunny spells. In
:27:41. > :27:50.East Anglia and south-east England there will be more clout than sun.
:27:50. > :27:55.-- more clout than a son. A few early sharp showers in to south-
:27:55. > :28:02.west England and Wales. They will be done by the afternoon. For her
:28:02. > :28:07.Northern Ireland, plenty of sunshine. -- Northern Ireland. It
:28:07. > :28:13.is fine across Scotland. In the north-west there will be some