:00:09. > :00:12.This is BBC World News Today with me, Tim Willcox.
:00:12. > :00:18.Egyptian security forces stand accused of allowing the country's
:00:18. > :00:20.worst ever football riots. As a nation mourns at least 74 victims
:00:20. > :00:30.of the violence, the Government responds with sackings and an
:00:30. > :00:35.investigation, but many feel the truth is obvious. There wasn't
:00:35. > :00:39.enough security in the stadium. And those who were there were standing
:00:39. > :00:42.there in a symbolic way. They did not carry out their duties.
:00:42. > :00:45.The big freeze in Europe claims more lives. 1,100 Serbian villagers
:00:45. > :00:51.are now cut off by heavy snow. Are some of us hardwired to be
:00:51. > :00:54.addicts? New research links addiction to brain abnormalities.
:00:54. > :00:58.Also in the programme: On the election trail in Russia. We meet
:00:58. > :01:02.the pro-Putin factory workers in Russia's industrial heartland. But
:01:02. > :01:05.how much support does the Prime Minister really have?
:01:05. > :01:15.And cartoon royalty - the unofficial portraits of "Her Maj"
:01:15. > :01:24.
:01:24. > :01:27.the Queen to celebrate her Diamond Hello and welcome.
:01:27. > :01:30.The anger on the streets of Cairo and Port Said in Egypt was palpable
:01:30. > :01:33.today, just hours after the worst football riots in the country's
:01:33. > :01:36.history. The question on the streets and in Parliament: how a
:01:36. > :01:39.match between two teams well known for their supporters' bitter
:01:39. > :01:44.rivalry could have descended into a mass riot that left at least 74
:01:44. > :01:48.dead. The Government has declared three days of mourning, sacked a
:01:48. > :01:50.wave of officials and launched an investigation. But in a febrile
:01:50. > :02:00.atmosphere of suspicion, many Egyptians have been wondering if
:02:00. > :02:04.darker forces were at play. Rupert Wingfield-Hayes reports. On the
:02:04. > :02:10.streets of Cairo this afternoon they already have their own
:02:10. > :02:18.theories. These football fans are convinced the attack was planned
:02:18. > :02:22.and organised by Egypt's security forces. It was a crime done from
:02:22. > :02:28.the old regime. They stole money from the people for 30 years and
:02:28. > :02:33.now they are spending the money to make gangsters and corruption in
:02:33. > :02:42.Egypt, because they don't want the revolution to succeed. There is so
:02:42. > :02:46.far no evidence to support that claim. These were the extraordinary
:02:46. > :02:52.scenes at Cairo railway station early this morning as the train
:02:52. > :02:57.carrying survivors and the dead from Port Said pulled in. Thousand
:02:57. > :03:05.thousands of supporters crammed the balconies and platforms. Justice or
:03:05. > :03:08.death, they chant. This man immediately blames the head of
:03:09. > :03:14.Egypt's military junta for the death. Tantawi opened the doors so
:03:14. > :03:21.the thugs could attack our friends, he says. As dawn breaks another
:03:21. > :03:25.train pulls in. Anxious parents wait desperately for news. My son
:03:25. > :03:30.has not answered his phone since yesterday, this mother weeps.
:03:30. > :03:34.Please, I beg you, help me find my son. This is how it all happened,
:03:35. > :03:39.on live television. As the game ends, fans from the victorious Port
:03:39. > :03:44.Said team flood the pitch. The Cairo team flee for their lives.
:03:44. > :03:49.But many of the Cairo fans were not so lucky. As they try to flee, they
:03:49. > :03:53.are overrun, beaten, bludgeoned and stabbed. Today the blood-smeared
:03:53. > :03:59.seats tell of the brutality of the attacks. The piles of shoes show
:03:59. > :04:03.where bodies were crushed against locked gates. If head of Egypt's
:04:03. > :04:07.military junta met with shaken players from the Cairo team. He
:04:07. > :04:10.promised the culprits will be found and punished. TRANSLATION: With the
:04:10. > :04:14.results of this investigation, each one will take his punishment, and
:04:14. > :04:18.we will know why and who caused this tragedy.
:04:18. > :04:23.But with so many young people dead, nothing will stop some here from
:04:23. > :04:32.believing that the old men who ruled Egypt for so long are somehow
:04:32. > :04:36.responsible. There've been demonstrations and
:04:36. > :04:41.some violence in Tahrir Square today. These are the pictures
:04:41. > :04:46.coming in live from this place. That's the centre of the uprising,
:04:46. > :04:52.the 18-day uprising against Hosni Mubarak this time last year. And
:04:52. > :04:56.indeed some of the supporters of the Al-Ahly team were part of those
:04:56. > :04:58.demonstrations last year. We can now speak to Adham el-
:04:58. > :05:07.Kamouny, sports presenter for Egyptian television, who was
:05:07. > :05:11.watching the match on TV last night as the tragic events unfolded. He
:05:11. > :05:19.joins us via Skype. What were your thoughts as you watched this riot
:05:19. > :05:26.break out last night? Well, I just wanted to tell you something that I
:05:26. > :05:30.thought there was going to be a disaster from the start. When the
:05:30. > :05:34.spectators started to arrive, as soon as they arrived into Port Said
:05:34. > :05:43.they were welcomed by through stones and stuff like that from
:05:43. > :05:52.other Port Said spectators. Even when the Al-Ahly players were
:05:52. > :05:56.warming up, also the Port Said Ultras started through rockets and
:05:56. > :06:06.fireworks at the players and the Al-Ahly wanted to cancel the game,
:06:06. > :06:08.
:06:08. > :06:17.but it was not possible, since you are on Port Saidy soil. It needs a
:06:17. > :06:23.referee who has lots of guts to do that kind of call. If he cancels
:06:23. > :06:27.the game on a Port Saidy level he will probably be going home in a
:06:28. > :06:33.coffin. It has always been very tense between the two rivals. One
:06:33. > :06:37.week before the game there was like a war on the internet between Al-
:06:37. > :06:42.Ahly spectators and Port Saidy spectators. We are waiting for you,
:06:42. > :06:46.we are going to kill you in you come, if you come you had better
:06:46. > :06:52.bring your own coffin with you - stuff like that. All of that was
:06:52. > :06:57.known to the police and to the Government officials. Sorry to
:06:57. > :07:02.interrupt, but is security normally tighter at games like these between
:07:02. > :07:08.such bitter rivals? Yes, it's very tight. And believe me, through my
:07:08. > :07:15.work, I work as a TV presenter and I go to the stadium as lot, and I
:07:15. > :07:24.know when the policing is very tight and when it is loose. In that
:07:24. > :07:30.kind of game, you cannot have a loose security force in that
:07:30. > :07:39.special game between Al-Ahly and Port Said. And Al-Ahly versus Al-
:07:39. > :07:46.Masry in Port Said. You can't let loose the game. If you let loose
:07:46. > :07:50.disaster will happen like that, because before, I think in this mid
:07:50. > :07:58.'90s or the early '90s there was another disaster in Port Said
:07:58. > :08:01.between Zamalek, which is the Al- Ahly rivals, and in Port Said with
:08:01. > :08:10.Al-Masry. Several people died, including some soldiers from the
:08:10. > :08:18.police force. OK, thank you for joining us.
:08:18. > :08:22.Record low temperatures and heavy snowfall is causing problems across
:08:22. > :08:30.Europe. In Serbia whole villages have been cut off, with emergency
:08:30. > :08:33.services struggling to reach around 11,000 people. Nick Thorpe reports.
:08:33. > :08:42.Another rescue mission for the people of Bosnia. This time not
:08:42. > :08:46.from the war but from the weather. Bosnia has 65 mountains higher than
:08:46. > :08:51.1,500 metres, and villages like this one in the east of the country
:08:51. > :08:55.have been especially hard hit by the snow. TRANSLATION:
:08:55. > :08:59.temperatures are killing us. We are really grateful for this help, but
:08:59. > :09:03.the snow has blocked us here until spring. Few helicopters are
:09:03. > :09:10.available, so most villages we can only be reached or not reached at
:09:10. > :09:14.all by road. TRANSLATION: A state of emergency has been declared in
:09:14. > :09:19.several areas but it is still very complicated, because of the heavy
:09:19. > :09:23.snow we have not been able to reach all the houses. In neighbouring
:09:23. > :09:27.Serbia, the emergency services say as many as 11,000 people are cut
:09:27. > :09:32.off in a string of villages in the mountainous south-west of the
:09:32. > :09:36.country. The villagers are used to hard winters and usually have
:09:36. > :09:42.plentiful supplies of firewood and food, but these conditions have now
:09:42. > :09:45.lasted nearly a month. Most of the population are elderly and many
:09:45. > :09:49.need medicines. The cold has also surprised countries more used to
:09:49. > :09:53.the greens and blues of the Mediterranean than the whites of
:09:53. > :09:58.Siberia. In southern Europe, the wintry conditions have caused chaos
:09:58. > :10:02.on the roads and delight in the classrooms. More snow is forecast
:10:02. > :10:08.for the coming days, making this one of the coldest winters in many
:10:08. > :10:09.countries in living memory. Now a look at some of the day's
:10:09. > :10:12.other news. The Indian Supreme Court has
:10:12. > :10:15.ordered the Government to cancel some mobile phone licences it
:10:15. > :10:18.granted to telecoms companies four years ago. India's public auditor
:10:18. > :10:22.claims mis-selling of the licences cost the treasury tens of billions
:10:22. > :10:26.of dollars. It's the latest twist in one of India's biggest
:10:26. > :10:29.corruption scandals. Rescuers in Papua New Guinea are
:10:29. > :10:33.still searching for survivors after a ferry sank with up to 350
:10:33. > :10:41.passengers on board. So far more than 200 people have been pulled
:10:41. > :10:45.alive from the sea by helicopters and Australian aircraft. Scientists
:10:45. > :10:52.have found a giant prawn-like creature lurking 7 kilometres down
:10:52. > :10:57.in the waters off the coast of New Zealand. The creature is a type of
:10:57. > :11:05.amphipod. The biggest of these spotted was an impressive 34
:11:05. > :11:10.centimetres. It makes quite a size. This Saturday tens of thousands of
:11:10. > :11:20.people are expected to march through Moscow to demand honest
:11:20. > :11:21.
:11:21. > :11:25.elections, the protest another sign of the feeling for Vladimir Putin.
:11:25. > :11:33.Steve Rosenberg has been to the Ural mountains to find out what
:11:33. > :11:38.people there think of him. In this town every day looks like
:11:38. > :11:43.Armageddon. This is a town which never stops burning. Churning out
:11:43. > :11:49.iron and steel round the clock. The snow here is black from pollution.
:11:49. > :11:59.But people's lives depend on the factories, and it is instability
:11:59. > :12:02.
:12:02. > :12:05.which they fear most. Yevgeny Kazlov set up a workers committee
:12:05. > :12:11.the black Vladimir Putin for President. The protests in Moscow
:12:11. > :12:15.don't reflect the mood of Russia, he says. Working people don't want
:12:15. > :12:20.revolution, we want stability. That's why we support Putin. At the
:12:20. > :12:25.tank factory up the road, they pledged their loyalty to Mr Putin
:12:25. > :12:33.live on TV. This worker offered to come to Moscow with his mates to
:12:33. > :12:37.take on the anti-Government protesters. Yevgeny and the
:12:37. > :12:43.metalworkers aren't marching on Moscow. But today they are taking
:12:43. > :12:49.the train to the regional capital, Ekaterinburg. There they join
:12:49. > :12:53.thousands of other workers from across the Urals at a pro-Putin
:12:53. > :12:57.rally. There are no white ribbons, the trademark of Mr Putin's
:12:57. > :13:01.criticsment the symbol here is the worker's glove. This rally is a
:13:01. > :13:04.direct response to the young and middle class Russians in Moscow
:13:04. > :13:09.who've been protesting against the Government. And it is an attempt to
:13:09. > :13:16.show that away from the capital Russia's working class still has
:13:16. > :13:20.faith in Vladimir Putin. But the crowd here was smaller than
:13:21. > :13:25.organisers had promised. And some of what we saw seemed stage managed.
:13:25. > :13:32.This photographer was trying to get as many people as possible to pose
:13:32. > :13:36.with the same vote for Putin sign. One worker I spoke to, who asked to
:13:36. > :13:40.remain anonymous, said his work mates only travelled to the rally
:13:40. > :13:46.because they were offered extra days off work and free train
:13:46. > :13:50.tickets. So just how popular really is Vladimir Putin in Russia's
:13:50. > :13:55.industrial heartland? He will win votes here, but more perhaps out of
:13:55. > :14:03.a fear of change than any real belief that a President Putin can
:14:03. > :14:07.make life better. Scientists in Cambridge say they've
:14:07. > :14:12.found important evidence suggesting how drug addiction can run in
:14:12. > :14:15.families. A study compared drug addicts with their non-addicted
:14:16. > :14:19.siblings and found both have similar abnormalities in their
:14:19. > :14:25.brains. This suggests you can inherit conditions that make
:14:25. > :14:30.addiction more likely, an how people who are physically
:14:30. > :14:35.susceptible manage to avoid it. It is one of the great scourges of
:14:35. > :14:40.the modern world, addiction to drugs. But what determines who gets
:14:41. > :14:45.hooked? New research offers an answer. The study focused on
:14:46. > :14:50.addicts and their siblings, like Sophia and her sister Teresa,
:14:50. > :14:54.brought up together in the same troubled family, they described how
:14:54. > :15:02.one stayed clean and the other didn't. I was about 19 and the
:15:02. > :15:08.people I was hanging around with, the influences. But it wasn't, I
:15:08. > :15:13.didn't get into the crack into I was 30. I'm not Holyer than thou
:15:13. > :15:23.but I just already knew early on in my life that there was certain
:15:23. > :15:26.
:15:26. > :15:32.The study involves scanning 50 addicts and their siblings. The aim
:15:32. > :15:35.is to see if there are biological clues to the addiction in the brain.
:15:35. > :15:40.The results are surprising. What is revealed by this research is
:15:40. > :15:44.potentially very useful. The siblings of addicts and the addicts
:15:44. > :15:48.themselves share a similar pattern of abnormalities in their brain.
:15:48. > :15:58.Physical evidence that you can inherit conditions that put you at
:15:58. > :15:59.
:15:59. > :16:04.risk. The scans show how this works. Below indicates show area of south
:16:04. > :16:07.-- areas of self-control. These brothers and sisters who don't have
:16:07. > :16:11.addiction problems, they can tell us, how did they manage to overcome
:16:12. > :16:18.these problems? What do they do in their daily lives to manage their
:16:18. > :16:23.self-control? The Sisters were tested for self-control. The share
:16:23. > :16:26.abnormalities in their brains but have turned out very differently.
:16:26. > :16:31.The long-term goal is to make use of that knowledge, but that will
:16:31. > :16:37.not be easy. It is unlikely to prevent all addiction but it is one
:16:37. > :16:44.step along the way of identifying people who address key. -- people
:16:44. > :16:47.who are vulnerable. Immediate benefits are not likely, but having
:16:47. > :16:54.a clear idea of his most bomb rubble could help steer them away
:16:54. > :17:00.from a life of addiction. -- of whose most vulnerable.
:17:00. > :17:09.Some fascinating research. Led speak to Professor David Nutt and
:17:09. > :17:15.Dr Robert Lefever. -- let speak too. Does this ring true? Are we hard-
:17:15. > :17:20.wired, some of us, into addiction? The if the causes. The first is
:17:20. > :17:23.genetic. This runs in some families and not others. Even within the
:17:23. > :17:30.family, you get children with no potential and others who have
:17:30. > :17:37.considerable potential for addiction. Emotional trauma is one
:17:37. > :17:40.reason which stimulates children to go on. The third is exposure. Some
:17:40. > :17:47.people are exposed and their families to alcohol and the would
:17:47. > :17:54.channel in that direction. Others will go to drugs. In your
:17:54. > :17:59.experience, it can be triggered by their regular smoking of very heavy
:17:59. > :18:03.Murro won a. The society in which one lives, the family, the other
:18:03. > :18:07.children are immensely influential but I do not think you can make an
:18:07. > :18:12.addict. I think you're born with that tendency. I think people can
:18:12. > :18:17.have traumas of all sorts of crimes are not going to have any addiction.
:18:17. > :18:25.In terms of the shape of their brain, the abnormality of the brain,
:18:25. > :18:31.what does this say? This research tells us that both groups have a
:18:31. > :18:35.problem in controlling impulsive behaviour. That is shown in the
:18:35. > :18:40.behavioural task, how well they can stop doing things they shouldn't do,
:18:40. > :18:43.but it also translates that, when you do brain imaging, you can see
:18:43. > :18:47.the relationship between the coupling of the front of the brain
:18:47. > :18:52.and the drive centres below is somehow disrupted. That path we
:18:52. > :18:56.does not work properly. That is why they become impulsive. And siblings,
:18:56. > :19:03.why does one develop an addiction and the other doesn't? There are a
:19:03. > :19:09.number of reasons. But chemically? We do not know. This research does
:19:09. > :19:16.not help us there, but what it tells us, is that the process that
:19:16. > :19:20.leads to addiction are a mix of chemical and structural. We can
:19:20. > :19:24.probably target the chemical abnormalities with drugs. To answer
:19:24. > :19:28.your question, a lot of it is exposure. Drama can change the
:19:28. > :19:37.brain, exposure to drugs - if you do not take a drug, you cannot get
:19:37. > :19:45.addicted. We presume from studies that that all my ability translates
:19:45. > :19:50.right across the board. -- that vulnerability. How useful all this
:19:50. > :20:00.before you? It is useful. We have found that, there are three
:20:00. > :20:04.clusters. Alcohol, prescription drugs, gambling, sex and love
:20:04. > :20:12.addiction, and risk-taking. That is probably governed by one genetic,
:20:12. > :20:17.hedonistic urge. Let's go for it! But then there is one that is
:20:17. > :20:22.associated with work and exercise, and the third one is a relationship.
:20:22. > :20:26.Using yourself as a drug for other people are using other people as a
:20:26. > :20:36.drug for yourself. Some people had all three of those tendencies.
:20:36. > :20:36.
:20:36. > :20:40.Others had won, only others had to. -- others had only two. This is
:20:40. > :20:48.where the research needs to go. We need to say, be careful with this,
:20:48. > :20:54.otherwise there will be trouble coming your way. Surgically, can
:20:54. > :21:03.anything be done? Be to do that in Russia. The do surgery in the rain
:21:03. > :21:07.-- in the brain. Like a lobotomy? That is what they do. What are the
:21:07. > :21:14.result? They say it is great. The trials are not conducted in a
:21:14. > :21:20.fashion we would consider properly scientific. No way! Completely no
:21:20. > :21:25.way! Fascinating. A veteran treasure hunter says he
:21:25. > :21:32.has found the wreck of his life, billions of dollars worth of
:21:32. > :21:39.platinum on a Sunday Second World War British boat. Greg Brooks says
:21:39. > :21:44.he discovered the bounty on the Port Nicholson, which was sung by a
:21:44. > :21:52.German U-boat. The salvage team are convinced there are 30 crates of
:21:52. > :21:58.platinum ended on board. -- platinum ingots. Have you seen this
:21:58. > :22:08.platinum, Greg Brooks? I have seen it. We do not know hundred %
:22:08. > :22:11.
:22:11. > :22:16.whether it is platinum. There is 4,600 of those ingots supposedly
:22:16. > :22:21.aboard the ship. You have been shed Red Hunter for 20 years or so, is
:22:21. > :22:29.this the biggest one you have found? -- you have been a wreck
:22:29. > :22:32.Hunter. It is better than anyone has a margin. It is unthinkable
:22:32. > :22:37.that there is that amount of wealth under the sea. It could have even
:22:37. > :22:44.more on it. Has it been a race? Are there other people like you tracing
:22:44. > :22:49.this wreck? Not this one, because I have a federal Admiralty claim on
:22:50. > :22:53.it. We are custodians of it. No one can touch this red. There are other
:22:53. > :22:58.companies out there looking for similar wrecks that they have
:22:58. > :23:02.information on and it is on the same basis. It is nowhere near as
:23:02. > :23:06.Valuable. In terms of the legal entitlement, if you managed to
:23:06. > :23:13.bring it up, is it all years? De suddenly become a billionaire or
:23:13. > :23:20.are you one already? No, I have a hard time rubbing two coins
:23:20. > :23:25.together! You might have a lot of platinum to rub together! I am
:23:25. > :23:35.hoping so. It has to going front of the federal judge and he will look
:23:35. > :23:35.
:23:35. > :23:40.at all the facts of this. Beaux- Arts, we did all the research, we
:23:40. > :23:50.know that their platinum was shipped by the USSR TDs. We know
:23:50. > :23:55.
:23:55. > :24:00.that the ship did not make it here. -- by the USSR to the USA. The USSR
:24:00. > :24:06.does not exist any more, it broke up, so nobody has a claim other
:24:06. > :24:16.than as at this moment. difficult would be? It is what, 700
:24:16. > :24:17.
:24:17. > :24:26.metres down? No, 700 feet. So how difficult would be to bring it up?
:24:26. > :24:33.It will be difficult. Our season starts in late May to mid-September.
:24:33. > :24:41.We have been out there trying to get this stuff up since then. It is
:24:41. > :24:49.extremely difficult with storms, currants, breakdowns, all that type
:24:49. > :24:59.of thing. It is extremely difficult. And the co-ordinates? That is a
:24:59. > :25:00.
:25:00. > :25:03.good one. Thank you very much. Queen Elizabeth celebrates her
:25:03. > :25:13.Diamond Jubilee this year. There will be events around the country
:25:13. > :25:18.to mark her 60th year. Called Her Maj, it is an irreverent series of
:25:18. > :25:25.unofficial portraits of the monarch. Queen Elizabeth II, arriving at
:25:25. > :25:28.Westminster Abbey for her coronation. Dignified, composed,
:25:28. > :25:32.monarch of the United Kingdom and head of the Commonwealth. Over the
:25:32. > :25:35.years, there have been many official portraits of Her Majesty.
:25:35. > :25:45.She seems quite pleased with this one. I wonder what she thinks of
:25:45. > :25:48.
:25:48. > :25:55.imagine her, a friendly but feisty barmaid. Here she is rummaging
:25:55. > :26:05.through a skip. You never know, she might find something nice for the
:26:05. > :26:10.She is the face of Britain but we do not know what she believes, her
:26:10. > :26:14.opinions about things. There is still something of a mystery and
:26:14. > :26:20.magic of the monarchy about her. Until the 1950s, the British
:26:20. > :26:25.monarch very rarely appeared in cartoons, it was almost a royal
:26:25. > :26:29.taboo. One decade later, all that changed. It was the Swinging 60s, a
:26:29. > :26:35.time of freedom and artistic openness. Britain's cartoonists
:26:35. > :26:43.were eager to make the most of it. They now had card launch -- they
:26:43. > :26:48.now had free rein to imagine the Queen as one of us, at home with
:26:48. > :26:53.her hands and family. represents us, she's England, or
:26:53. > :27:00.Great Britain or the United Kingdom. She did not volunteer for this job,
:27:00. > :27:07.it was foisted on her. I do not feel the same kind of critical
:27:07. > :27:12.faculty at work when I think about her. The cartoons about this
:27:12. > :27:16.exhibition -- at this exhibition described the key historic moments
:27:16. > :27:22.during her reign. This was the state visit to Ireland last year.
:27:22. > :27:26.It shows the Queen and her husband treating their coasts -- their
:27:26. > :27:31.hosts to a bit of Irish dancing. Obviously, that did not really
:27:31. > :27:36.happen! Some of the cartoons here are affectionate, others cheeky,
:27:36. > :27:39.and others downright unflattering. What makes them appealing is the
:27:39. > :27:49.idea that the Queen may not be so difficult -- different from the
:27:49. > :28:02.
:28:03. > :28:12.I am sure she loves them. That is There is the prospect of some snow
:28:12. > :28:19.this weekend. Where embarking on another very cold night. -- we are
:28:19. > :28:24.embarking. We still have some high pressure across us. There will be
:28:24. > :28:31.some snow at the weekend. On Friday, it will be a cold, frosty start.
:28:31. > :28:38.Some showers across eastern England. There is plenty of sunshine across
:28:38. > :28:45.northern England. Along the east coast, there will be some cloud
:28:45. > :28:51.around. Possibly some lingering snow. It will be mainly dry until
:28:51. > :28:59.we get to the evening. Temperatures around freezing. Across other areas,
:28:59. > :29:05.lighter winds. A change for Northern Ireland. There will be
:29:05. > :29:08.more cloud. There could be some light rain or sleet. That cloud
:29:08. > :29:15.will increase into the West of Scotland and the Western Isles.