03/02/2012

:00:13. > :00:18.This is BBC World News Today with me Zeinab Badawi. Dozens dying in

:00:18. > :00:22.homes and on the streets of Europe. As the severe cold weather claims

:00:22. > :00:28.more lives today, we ask why the authorities seem an able to stop

:00:28. > :00:33.the deaths. Tensions high in Egypt as the

:00:33. > :00:38.football stadium deaths give fresh impetus to political protests.

:00:38. > :00:42.Have we vastly underestimated the number of malaria deaths worldwide?

:00:42. > :00:46.A new study claims the disease is killing twice as many people as we

:00:46. > :00:51.think. Also coming up: Footballer John

:00:51. > :00:55.Terry is stripped of the England captaincy. He will not lead the

:00:55. > :00:59.squad until his trial over racial abuse allegations is over. He

:00:59. > :01:03.denies the charges. And the critics of Russia's

:01:03. > :01:13.Vladimir Putin who claimed the country's voting system is loaded

:01:13. > :01:18.

:01:18. > :01:22.Hello and welcome. Many countries in Europe remain covered in snow

:01:22. > :01:27.and ice and the number of people dying from hyperthermia is

:01:27. > :01:32.continuing to rise. The intense cold has caused around 100 deaths

:01:32. > :01:37.in Ukraine in the last week and at least 37 people have died in Poland.

:01:37. > :01:41.Most of the dead are homeless or poor people living in rural

:01:41. > :01:47.villages. Steve Rosenberg in Moscow it takes a look at the big freeze

:01:47. > :01:53.gripping Europe. Southern Russia is looking more

:01:53. > :01:58.like the North Pole. Heavy snowfall has blocked the main roads. Dozens

:01:58. > :02:03.of cars and lorries are stranded. This ambulance driver says he

:02:03. > :02:09.urgently needs to get his patient to intensive care, but they are

:02:09. > :02:14.stuck in snow with no idea when they will reach a hospital. There

:02:14. > :02:20.are travel problems in the Russian Far East where temperatures in

:02:20. > :02:27.places have fallen to minus 50. The big freeze has caused big problems

:02:27. > :02:37.for anyone needing a fairy. The Pacific has frozen over. The ice is

:02:37. > :02:43.more than a metre thick. You have to find another way across if you

:02:43. > :02:49.are brave enough. The colt is more than just an inconvenience. It is

:02:49. > :02:53.claiming lives. Officials say that last month's 64 Russians died from

:02:53. > :02:58.the cold weather. Emergency teams will now be patrolling the streets

:02:58. > :03:04.to make sure the homeless are not in danger. But the situation seems

:03:04. > :03:09.even more desperate across Eastern Europe. In Ukraine more than 100

:03:09. > :03:14.people have died in the past week as a result of the freezing weather.

:03:14. > :03:18.Most of the victims had been living on the streets. Hundreds more have

:03:18. > :03:23.been hospitalised suffering from hypothermia and frostbite.

:03:23. > :03:30.Emergency crews have set up special heating and food shelters. More

:03:30. > :03:36.than 30 people have died in Poland. One of the coldest places was this

:03:36. > :03:41.city. Across Eastern Europe the cold is causing power shortages. It

:03:41. > :03:49.is forcing schools to close, sparking transport chaos and

:03:49. > :03:54.endangering lives. Let's talk a bit more about this

:03:54. > :03:57.and Freik Spinnewijn is a director of the European Federation of

:03:57. > :04:03.National Organisations working with the homeless, an organisation known

:04:03. > :04:08.as Feantsa. Do you think, I know it is difficult you cannot get

:04:08. > :04:14.evidence, there will be more deaths from hypothermia because there are

:04:14. > :04:19.more people homeless as a result of the financial crisis? There is

:04:19. > :04:23.definitely more people that are homeless because of the crisis. If

:04:23. > :04:29.there are more people dying, it is difficult to see, it not only

:04:29. > :04:35.depends on the weather, but it is important because we have seen an

:04:35. > :04:40.increase in the number of homeless people. How can you tell that? Are

:04:40. > :04:44.there people presenting themselves are to hostels? Each country is

:04:44. > :04:50.starting to collect data and there is an increase, but we also know

:04:50. > :04:55.from our members that there is quite an important increase in

:04:55. > :05:00.demand for services like Shelter and accommodation and we see that

:05:00. > :05:05.especially in countries that have been hit by the crisis such as

:05:05. > :05:09.Greece and Spain. What happens with homeless people in severe cold

:05:09. > :05:14.weather conditions? Surely they do not try to sleep on the streets

:05:14. > :05:20.because they know that could kill them. Exactly, it's basically comes

:05:20. > :05:25.down to a shortage in emergency accommodation, a simple shortage of

:05:25. > :05:30.beds where people can find shelter from the cold. It is a question of

:05:30. > :05:35.political will. I do not think it could be that difficult to make

:05:35. > :05:39.sure there is sufficient bed space available for these people. Are you

:05:39. > :05:44.calling on governments across Europe to try to do more? It is not

:05:44. > :05:48.the cold weather killing them. Sweden is a very cold country, but

:05:48. > :05:53.people do not died on the streets. It is interesting to see that in

:05:53. > :05:59.countries where it tends to be cold they do not see so many homeless

:05:59. > :06:02.people dying from the cold. It is possible to address it. It is not

:06:02. > :06:08.just Feantsa calling for countries to do enough to make sure people do

:06:08. > :06:12.not die, but it is also the European Parliament that has on

:06:12. > :06:21.repeated occasions asked for things to be done to make sure people do

:06:21. > :06:25.not died due to lack of accommodation. Anger is boiling

:06:25. > :06:30.over again in the Egyptian capital Cairo over the deaths of the 74

:06:30. > :06:34.people in football violence on Wednesday. These are live pictures

:06:35. > :06:39.from Tahrir Square where thousands have been gathering all day. Just

:06:39. > :06:44.off the square there have been running battles between police and

:06:44. > :06:50.protesters and our reporter in Cairo says one protester, maybe two,

:06:50. > :06:54.have died from tear gas inhalation and two others died earlier in Suez.

:06:54. > :07:01.Activists have declared today a day of anger and many are blaming the

:07:01. > :07:05.security forces for the deaths in the Football station in Port Said.

:07:05. > :07:09.They believe the fans from Cairo were deliberately targeted because

:07:09. > :07:14.of their prominent role in the revolution. Let's get more from

:07:14. > :07:19.Yolande Knell. Other protesters still out there? They are still out

:07:19. > :07:23.there in large numbers in Tahrir Square itself where people are

:07:23. > :07:27.seemingly planning to camp out for the night. They have re-established

:07:27. > :07:33.the campsite in the middle of the roundabout. Things are relatively

:07:33. > :07:36.calm, but if you go onto the side streets approaching the Interior

:07:36. > :07:42.Ministry and that is where we are continuing to see these

:07:42. > :07:46.confrontations between angry, young fans, mostly young men, hurling

:07:46. > :07:51.rocks at the please and the police responding by using large

:07:51. > :07:55.quantities of tear gas. That is what we could see through the day

:07:55. > :07:59.and field hospitals around Tahrir Square say they have seen it many

:07:59. > :08:03.injuries from the use of the tear gas. Perhaps one person has been

:08:03. > :08:08.killed we understand. The death toll from today stands at two

:08:08. > :08:12.people killed from the latest clashes and two people killed in

:08:12. > :08:18.Suez overnight who were shot. Hundreds have been injured, the

:08:18. > :08:23.official figure from two days of violence in different places around

:08:23. > :08:27.the country and its stands at around 2300 according to the health

:08:27. > :08:33.ministry. The biggest single incident of violence since the

:08:33. > :08:40.revolution. What is the focus of those people in Tahrir Square? Who

:08:40. > :08:43.is the focus of their anger? Directly their anger is focus at

:08:43. > :08:47.the police who they believed were negligent, who stood by and were

:08:47. > :08:51.deliberately negligent on Wednesday night in that violence at the Port

:08:51. > :08:56.Said football stadium. Certainly from the television pictures from

:08:56. > :09:02.that night you could see there was a relatively small deployment of

:09:02. > :09:07.police officers and they stood by while hundreds of thousands of al-

:09:07. > :09:12.Masry home fans stormed the pitch and targeted the al-Ahly fans and

:09:12. > :09:16.Pune players. People are also very angry at the ruling military and

:09:16. > :09:21.they are continuing to demand a faster transfer to fall, civilian

:09:21. > :09:25.rule. Up to now the military has been keeping to a timetable and it

:09:25. > :09:27.will hand over full power to a civilian led Government by the

:09:27. > :09:34.middle of the Year after presidential elections have taken

:09:34. > :09:39.place. People want that timetable speeded up. There have been many

:09:39. > :09:43.protests about continuing military rule, but now we also have a new

:09:43. > :09:48.parliament partly elected, and these new parliamentarians, mostly

:09:48. > :09:52.Islamists, have had been using the latest events to put more pressure

:09:52. > :09:55.themselves on the Military Council and have been making accusations

:09:55. > :10:02.about their poor handling of affairs and the lack of law and

:10:02. > :10:07.order in the country. Now some other news. The growing tensions

:10:07. > :10:12.between Sudan and South Sudan, President Omar Bashir says the

:10:12. > :10:16.climate is closer to one of war and peace with neighbouring South Sudan.

:10:16. > :10:21.He was speaking on state television a day after the south Sudanese

:10:22. > :10:26.President Salva Kiir also warned that renewed conflict could erupt.

:10:26. > :10:32.The United Nations has declared the Thanet in Somalia is now over. They

:10:32. > :10:36.have downgraded the situation to a humanitarian emergency. Conditions

:10:36. > :10:40.have improved because of a good harvest and significant

:10:40. > :10:45.international aid, but a third of the population needs emergency

:10:45. > :10:49.support. The hacking network Anonymous has released a recording

:10:49. > :10:54.of a phone call between the FBI and British police in which they

:10:54. > :11:00.discuss efforts against hacking. The FBI says it has launched an

:11:00. > :11:03.investigation. But Cabinet minister Chris Huhne has quit his post as

:11:03. > :11:08.Energy Secretary after learning he will be charged over allegations

:11:08. > :11:11.that he asked his ex-wife to take a speeding penalty for him to escape

:11:11. > :11:15.a driving ban. They are being prosecuted for

:11:15. > :11:19.allegedly perverting the course of justice.

:11:19. > :11:24.NASA has released new pictures of a galaxy which could tell us more

:11:24. > :11:28.about where we lived. The Hubble space telescope has taken pictures

:11:28. > :11:33.of a barred spiral galaxy similar to our own Milky Way.

:11:33. > :11:40.One of the world's most deadly diseases, malaria, is killing twice

:11:40. > :11:44.as many people than previously thought according to the Lancet.

:11:44. > :11:49.The research suggests the total number of people dying from the

:11:49. > :11:54.mosquito borne disease is declining. The study by researchers in the

:11:54. > :11:58.United States and Australia was funded by the Bill and Melinda

:11:58. > :12:01.Gates Foundation. We already knew it malaria was a

:12:01. > :12:06.killer, taking hundreds of thousands of lives each year, most

:12:06. > :12:12.of them are young children in sub- Saharan Africa. According to this

:12:12. > :12:18.new study the number of victims may be higher still. The researchers

:12:18. > :12:22.say 1.2 mean the end people died in 2010. That figure nearly doubled

:12:22. > :12:27.previous estimates from the World Health Organisation. The research

:12:27. > :12:32.also shows 42% of deaths from malaria were in older Jordan and

:12:32. > :12:37.adults, much higher than previously thought. Trying to accurately

:12:37. > :12:40.estimate the number of deaths caused by this mosquito borne

:12:40. > :12:45.disease is extremely difficult due largely to the poor quality of the

:12:45. > :12:50.data kept in those countries where malaria kills most. The authors of

:12:50. > :12:54.this new study used a new data and complex computer mapping to try and

:12:54. > :12:59.build a more precise picture. They also looked at deaths which they

:12:59. > :13:04.believe have been wrongly attributed to other causes.

:13:04. > :13:09.Although 2010 may look worse than it was thought, the new study

:13:09. > :13:14.suggests malaria deaths peaked in 2004 with a decline since

:13:14. > :13:18.attributed to major investments in prevention and health care made by

:13:18. > :13:23.international donors like the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. More

:13:24. > :13:32.bed nets, and better disease monitoring are having an impact,

:13:32. > :13:38.even if far too many children and adults are still dying.

:13:38. > :13:41.We can speak to the co-ordinator of the strategy, economics and

:13:41. > :13:45.elimination team at the World Health Organisation's global

:13:45. > :13:51.malaria programme. I asked why there was a discrepancy in the

:13:51. > :13:57.figures. The major difference arises because of the number of

:13:57. > :14:01.deaths attributed to those aged five and over in sub-Saharan Africa.

:14:01. > :14:07.If you look at the other age groups, the under fives, the differences

:14:07. > :14:12.are not that substantial and the uncertainty by which these things

:14:12. > :14:18.are measured is great. The Rangers of the two sets of estimates

:14:18. > :14:22.overlap quite a lot. Statistically they are not different. But is it

:14:22. > :14:29.not different for children over the age of five and adults? Is that not

:14:29. > :14:36.where you have not got your figures right? Well, I think you have to be

:14:36. > :14:40.careful because these are estimates. It is very difficult to estimate

:14:40. > :14:45.the numbers of people who died from any cause of death, but that is

:14:45. > :14:50.particularly true of malaria, because the systems for recording

:14:50. > :14:54.deaths from malaria are weakest where malaria is most common. In

:14:54. > :14:58.order to derive the number of deaths we have to estimate rather

:14:58. > :15:04.than count. When we estimate there is always a large amount of

:15:04. > :15:09.uncertainty around those estimates. Is it not possible that people are

:15:09. > :15:14.dying as a result of malaria and it is compromising the system, making

:15:14. > :15:18.them more vulnerable to illnesses which may be recorded as the cause

:15:18. > :15:28.of death? Your way of trying to work out who is dying from malaria

:15:28. > :15:29.

:15:29. > :15:38.We need to improve systems for recording of malaria and every

:15:38. > :15:43.suspected case of malaria should get a diagnostic test. And secondly

:15:43. > :15:51.we advocate the strength Lane of surveillance systems, better

:15:51. > :15:55.recording and reporting of cases and deaths and we work with the

:15:55. > :16:00.various countries to do this. When it comes to the estimates in the

:16:00. > :16:08.Lancet we think it has been -- there has been over diagnosis so

:16:08. > :16:11.many of the deaths counted as malaria were not in fact malaria.

:16:11. > :16:13.There was the World Health Organisation in Geneva. The English

:16:13. > :16:16.Football Association has confirmed that John Terry has been stripped

:16:16. > :16:19.of the captaincy of the national team until after his trial over

:16:19. > :16:25.allegations that he racially abused a black player during a match last

:16:25. > :16:28.year. John Terry has consistently denied the charge. Mihir Bose is a

:16:28. > :16:34.Sport Correspondent for the Evening Standard and he joins me now in the

:16:34. > :16:39.studio. This would have dogged England's every move, it was

:16:39. > :16:45.inevitable? It was and the f eight have to show it is governing the

:16:45. > :16:49.sport. Later on this month the FA will report to the British Sports

:16:49. > :16:52.Minister on governments and not long ago the same minister said

:16:52. > :16:57.football is the worst governed sport in the country. In the

:16:57. > :17:03.context of what was happening, a sensitive and a serious charge,

:17:03. > :17:06.John Terry is innocent until proven guilty but the charges serious. A

:17:06. > :17:12.trial soon after the European Championships, the trial hanging

:17:12. > :17:17.over it and having made the nature of the captain seat so symbolically

:17:17. > :17:24.important, it gives the wrong message and the FA did not want to.

:17:24. > :17:29.The man he is accused of racially abusing Anton Ferdinand, Rio

:17:29. > :17:37.Ferdinand has been named as a possible successor. Rio Ferdinand

:17:37. > :17:41.defeated he does not want it. There is a question whether Anton

:17:41. > :17:48.Ferdinand would shake the hand of John Terry. No handshakes took

:17:48. > :17:54.place. These are symbolic gestures taking place. It is a background of

:17:54. > :17:58.the emergence of racism in a way which has surprised the football

:17:58. > :18:03.authorities. They are trying to share their governing the sport and

:18:03. > :18:10.are in charge and making the right decisions. He will succeed him as

:18:10. > :18:16.captain? At the moment, difficult to say. Fabio Capello the Italian

:18:16. > :18:21.coach is surprised how important English football took the captaincy.

:18:21. > :18:26.He would decide, John Terry -- Rio Ferdinand could have been a choice

:18:26. > :18:31.but says he doesn't want it. John Terry denies the allegations but

:18:31. > :18:35.how bad is racism in football today? Recently I looked at

:18:35. > :18:40.grassroots football and there raised a lot of racism. It is

:18:40. > :18:45.complex racism, the sort of racism that disfigured English football in

:18:45. > :18:50.the 1980s, that has gone, monkey chants and throwing bananas but

:18:50. > :18:54.there is still some racism. This does not mean John Terry is guilty.

:18:54. > :18:58.He is still an innocent man but there are elements of racism

:18:58. > :19:00.problems in the game which has not been eradicated.

:19:00. > :19:03.Tens of thousands of people are expected to march through Moscow

:19:03. > :19:08.again tomorrow as part of the ongoing protests against fraud in

:19:08. > :19:11.December's parliamentary elections. With only a month to go before the

:19:11. > :19:14.Presidential poll, Russia's voting system is still a raw topic for

:19:14. > :19:19.some as the Prime Minister Vladimir Putin tries to return to the

:19:19. > :19:21.presidency. Our Moscow Correspondent Daniel Sandford has

:19:21. > :19:31.been investigating why some people claim his ruling United Russia

:19:31. > :19:35.

:19:35. > :19:40.There has been a backing off in the new year in the battle to clean up

:19:40. > :19:44.Russia's elections. This was a raid by democracy activists where

:19:44. > :19:50.hundreds of signatures were being forged on the nomination papers of

:19:50. > :19:56.a presidential candidate. With the presidential elections only a month

:19:56. > :19:59.away, hundreds of volunteers are training to be election observers,

:19:59. > :20:06.many are fired up by the stories about cheating in December's

:20:06. > :20:11.parliamentary vote. Stories like that of these students who were

:20:11. > :20:15.approached to join a carousel, a group of young people paid to go

:20:15. > :20:21.around illegally voting again and again for Vladimir Putin. They made

:20:21. > :20:27.sure the whole thing was secretly filmed by an undercover journalist.

:20:27. > :20:34.TRANSLATION: We would go into each polling station and go to table one

:20:34. > :20:38.or two and show the passport. When the person saw it he knew what

:20:38. > :20:45.to do. And gave us a ballot paper without the usual explanation about

:20:45. > :20:50.how to vote. This was one of the many polling stations where the

:20:51. > :20:55.young couple voted that day. It was on a list of over 40 in this area

:20:55. > :20:59.alone where they were told to save the game. It gives you an idea of

:20:59. > :21:05.the scale of the institutional conspiracy to rig the election.

:21:05. > :21:09.Although he was an official observer, par felt watched as the

:21:09. > :21:15.result that his polling station was changed after the count. The ruling

:21:15. > :21:22.party gained 80 votes, the other parties lost 20 votes each. It was

:21:22. > :21:26.my first time but it was much worse than I expected. I was so upset

:21:26. > :21:32.that on the night before the elections I could not go to bed so

:21:32. > :21:36.I took time writing a report and was posted on the internet. It was

:21:36. > :21:40.these examples of blatant cheating that brought tens of thousands of

:21:40. > :21:47.protesters out onto the streets of Moscow in December and will

:21:47. > :21:55.tomorrow. He is a statistician who says the overall effect of the

:21:55. > :22:00.fraud was critical to the outcome. The official result was 49.3% and

:22:00. > :22:08.statistical analysis gives us something between 34 and 39%.

:22:08. > :22:15.percentage points cheating. Yes. It is cheating and this means Russia

:22:15. > :22:20.has no majority. Vladimir Putin has been tainted by his party's crude

:22:20. > :22:24.vote rigging. A giant banner appeared reading Putin go. He is

:22:24. > :22:31.still Russia's most popular politician and a little can stop

:22:31. > :22:34.him returning to the Kremlin. Over the past fortnight we've been

:22:34. > :22:37.taking an occasional look at the lives of the super rich. Well today

:22:37. > :22:40.we're joined by someone who certainly falls into that category.

:22:40. > :22:43.Jamie Johnson is one of the great- grandsons of Robert Wood Johnson

:22:43. > :22:47.the First the co-founder of the Johnson & Johnson consumer product

:22:47. > :22:50.company. He's made two documentaries about wealth and the

:22:50. > :23:00.rich, and he currently writes a weekly online column for Vanity

:23:00. > :23:00.

:23:00. > :23:04.Fair called "The One Percent". He joins as naff all New York.

:23:04. > :23:10.Della kits at Davos said the gap between the haves and have-nots was

:23:10. > :23:14.the defining issue of our day. Do you agree? I do agree. More and

:23:14. > :23:18.more people are becoming aware of the disparity in wealth between the

:23:18. > :23:23.people at the bottom of the ladder and the people at the tops. In the

:23:23. > :23:29.United States to see more tension over the issue. Occupy Wall Street

:23:29. > :23:34.really has forced people to recognise there's a great disparity.

:23:34. > :23:40.And nothing more and more we will hear more about it as the election

:23:40. > :23:44.evolves for the run-up to the White House. And you personally, you are

:23:44. > :23:49.one of the heirs to this great fortune, do you feel a bit self-

:23:49. > :23:54.conscious about being a member of the super rich?

:23:54. > :23:59.Personally I do not. In my case I have made films about wealth and

:23:59. > :24:02.social class, I have included myself in the films. I have been

:24:02. > :24:06.straightforward about wealth in my own life. I have also thought a

:24:06. > :24:11.great deal about it and some of the privileges that go along with

:24:11. > :24:16.wealth and some of the attitudes towards rich people. They can be

:24:16. > :24:21.negative and positive. It is not something I am uncomfortable with.

:24:21. > :24:26.What things did you come up with? What are your attitudes towards

:24:26. > :24:30.rich people like yourself? What are your reflections on having a huge

:24:30. > :24:35.amounts of wealth? Well in my case it is a great

:24:35. > :24:39.privilege. It has done amazing things for me but more than

:24:39. > :24:44.anything It provides choices, the ability to pursue a career that is

:24:44. > :24:49.interesting, I do not have to worry about paying the bills. That makes

:24:49. > :24:54.a big difference. And the main point is there is a sense of

:24:54. > :24:58.freedom. Do you think because of what is going on, the gap between

:24:58. > :25:03.the haves and have-nots, conspicuous consumption and the

:25:03. > :25:08.ostentatious flaunting of wealth is something the super rich really are

:25:08. > :25:15.avoiding or are they still doing that? I think people are aware of

:25:16. > :25:20.it in terms of some of the things they do with their public relations

:25:20. > :25:25.save people are conscious of it and want to create the perception at

:25:25. > :25:30.times they are not as rich as they are. On the other hand, what you

:25:30. > :25:35.are really seeing his people that are super rich are not really

:25:35. > :25:41.experiencing it as a recession. I think if you go into affluent

:25:41. > :25:45.circles in the US life seems to be going along as usual, where you see

:25:45. > :25:55.people hit the hardest of the low end of the economic spectrum.

:25:55. > :25:58.

:25:58. > :26:03.Briefly, is it fair, unfair, what do you think? Well, it is not fair,

:26:03. > :26:08.nobody would make that argument. You would not hear me make that

:26:08. > :26:15.argument. OK, thank you very much for talking to us. And for being so

:26:15. > :26:19.frank! Before we go, the main news: the

:26:19. > :26:24.death toll from the extreme weather continues to rise as the Continent

:26:24. > :26:29.remains blanketed by snow and ice. More than 100 people have died in

:26:29. > :26:31.the Ukraine and 37 people have died in Poland. Crowds of protestors

:26:31. > :26:34.have gathered in Tahrir Square in the Egyptian capital, Cairo, to