:00:05. > :00:16.This is BBC World News Today with weapons has been handed over to
:00:16. > :00:19.In Washington, President Obama has put US military action on hold,
:00:19. > :00:19.In Washington, President Obama has the bitter disappointment of the
:00:19. > :00:35.continues - a BBC team has reached the bitter disappointment of the
:00:35. > :00:35.continues - a BBC team has reached Maaloula, where government forces
:00:35. > :00:50.but the fight is still going on Maaloula, where government forces
:00:50. > :00:54.Also coming up - hopes rise for Maaloula, where government forces
:00:54. > :00:58.infected with the equivalent virus findings suggest human hunters
:00:58. > :01:37.Hello and welcome. The UN meeting is back on. Members are due to meet
:01:37. > :01:41.later today to discuss Syria's situation. Russia is reported to
:01:41. > :01:45.have handed over to the United Syria's chemical weapons under
:01:45. > :01:48.international control - that's according to Russian media. The
:01:48. > :01:51.plan will be on the table tomorrow when the US Secretary of State John
:01:51. > :01:53.Kerry holds talks with his Russian counterpart Sergei Lavrov in Geneva.
:01:53. > :01:57.Our World Affairs Correspondent James Robbins begins by asking
:01:57. > :02:01.address to prepare Americans for strikes on Syria suddenly became
:02:01. > :02:05.something completely different as President Obama told them military
:02:05. > :02:12.action was on hold and the new focus was on Russia's plan of for
:02:12. > :02:19.the UN supervise disarmament of Assad's a pickle weapons. We need
:02:19. > :02:33.to verify that the Assad regime will keep its commitments. We are
:02:33. > :02:39.President Obama says it is vital that the Assad regime still stays
:02:39. > :02:50.the threat of strikes as real. Let me make something clear. The United
:02:50. > :02:56.message to Assad that no other nation can deliver. But as fighting
:02:56. > :03:02.a cross Symeou rages, is there any chance of Russia's plan can be
:03:02. > :03:11.implemented? Can international team John Kerry will meet his Russian
:03:12. > :03:16.counterpart in Geneva. They are still miles apart from turning
:03:16. > :03:20.Russia's disarmament plan into reality. At the United Nations
:03:20. > :03:24.there have been two and a half years of deadlock and it could be
:03:24. > :03:29.getting worse. On one side the US and its allies front and the United
:03:29. > :03:40.China. France has drawn up a draft Kingdom, on the Other Russia and
:03:40. > :03:50.China. France has drawn up a draft chemical weapons. The big five
:03:50. > :04:04.days. And under Chapter seven of the UN Charter, any failure to
:04:04. > :04:14.days. And under Chapter seven of undermine the plan. Unless that
:04:14. > :04:39.Syria it says people are fleeing in devastation and loss. Germany has
:04:39. > :04:45.started taking in Syrian refugees. example and will give shelter up to
:04:45. > :04:50.5,000 fleeing the bloodshed. Other European countries will now be
:04:50. > :04:55.Louay Safi is a spokesman for the Syrian National Coalition and joins
:04:55. > :04:59.us from Istanbul. Feng KPI for joining us. I do want to talk to
:04:59. > :05:05.you about the situation on the ground, but first, your reaction to
:05:05. > :05:18.the regime's admission that it does have chemical weapons. I think this
:05:18. > :05:28.admission was clearly to show that all the chemical attacks have been
:05:28. > :05:33.coming from the regime itself. For them to surrender it looks as if
:05:33. > :05:42.they are accepting the gilts. In Positive if this is only the first
:05:42. > :05:54.step towards a series of actions by the regime. It could be a ploy,
:05:54. > :05:57.step towards a series of actions by delayed tactic. -- a delay tactic.
:05:57. > :06:03.If they are serious they will agree that this is done under article
:06:03. > :06:04.If they are serious they will agree in that if they do not comply, then
:06:04. > :06:09.a military action can be taken. in that if they do not comply, then
:06:09. > :06:17.need to stop the bloodshed, the villages by the regime killing
:06:17. > :06:28.every day hundreds of innocent international inspectors coming
:06:28. > :06:41.into Syria to get hold of chemical guaranteed them safe passage? The
:06:41. > :06:48.rebels would not interfere against mission is to control weapons that
:06:48. > :07:04.have been used against civilians, that is for sure. But again, we
:07:04. > :07:07.have been used against civilians, ahead of ourselves. Over 1,500
:07:07. > :07:35.attacks must be brought to justice. innocent civilians have been killed
:07:35. > :07:36.attacks must be brought to justice. President, up by using even the
:07:36. > :07:45.threat of force, has achieved a Russians are acting in good faith?
:07:45. > :07:53.protection of civilians from all Russians are acting in good faith?
:07:53. > :08:02.We have many reasons not to trust the Russians because they have been
:08:02. > :08:08.acting to protect Assad and his regime from any punishment by the
:08:08. > :08:13.International Community. We have to wait to see if this is a serious
:08:13. > :08:19.thing, but we are sceptical. When you talk about your scepticism,
:08:19. > :08:25.your disappointment over Washington stepping back seems clear. I think
:08:25. > :08:31.we would have wanted to see more decisive action on the part of the
:08:31. > :08:41.American President. We are pleased that he did threaten the punitive
:08:41. > :08:47.attack and the Russians have been able so far to delay that, but I am
:08:47. > :08:54.sure that ultimately, we will have to see the regime complying with
:08:54. > :09:00.this particular demand as well as the demand to stop using its own
:09:00. > :09:09.arsenal against towns and villages in Syria. Thank you for your time.
:09:09. > :09:11.investigators have issued a report today saying that war crimes are
:09:11. > :09:14.being committed by all sides in today saying that war crimes are
:09:14. > :09:17.conflict. They say they know who has been carrying out the abuses
:09:17. > :09:21.and they want the perpetrators to be put on trial. But on the ground
:09:21. > :09:25.the civil war that has already cost continuing. Our Middle East editor
:09:25. > :09:38.Jeremy Bowen has been at the scene of fighting today in the Christian
:09:38. > :09:42.They have planted the Syrian flag on the roundabout, but the fight is
:09:42. > :09:55.still going on for the rest of the nearly 5 o'clock. A lot of the men
:09:55. > :10:02.are local. They are members of a sort of territorial army who have
:10:02. > :10:18.been drafted in to help out the fighting for Maaloula. They have
:10:18. > :10:24.they have run away like rats, but there is still a hard fight going
:10:24. > :10:34.on. In the time I have been here, I have seen a lot of people who have
:10:35. > :10:47.been winded -- winded. They are army and the National Defence are
:10:47. > :10:59.some formidable adversaries. After clearly organised, they are facing
:10:59. > :11:21.some formidable adversaries. After has rejected an appeal by a 13-
:11:21. > :11:25.some formidable adversaries. After state. Our reporter is in Berlin.
:11:25. > :11:30.Tell us more about the issue here. The issue is the insistence by the
:11:30. > :11:34.German state that schools have to have lessons including swimming
:11:34. > :11:40.German state that schools have to those lessons are compulsory. But
:11:40. > :11:45.on the other hand, the right to religious freedom is enshrined in
:11:45. > :11:51.the constitution. This 13-year-old girl said that by having to have
:11:51. > :11:58.swimming lessons with boys in the violating her religious freedom
:11:58. > :12:00.swimming lessons with boys in the be a Muslim. She took herself out
:12:00. > :12:05.of their swimming lessons and by doing so she lost marks. She had
:12:06. > :12:12.good grades in her other subjects, but this brought her down because
:12:12. > :12:16.she did not to be swimming lessons. The whole thing escalated and ended
:12:16. > :12:21.up in the highest court in Germany. The judge that there had to be a
:12:21. > :12:28.compromise and that compromise was a compulsion for her to do the
:12:28. > :12:30.lessons, but she could do than wearing and all over divers outfit
:12:30. > :12:37.that is loose fitting. That was wearing and all over divers outfit
:12:37. > :12:44.compromise that he said needs to happen. A compromise between the
:12:44. > :12:50.religion and the state's decision that you have to take part in these
:12:50. > :12:58.What has been the reaction? It reaction so far. Some teaching
:12:58. > :13:05.clarity because we did not know reaction so far. Some teaching
:13:05. > :13:09.to deal with these situations. And remember, something like 4% of the
:13:09. > :13:14.population in this country have remember, something like 4% of the
:13:14. > :13:21.Turkish background, so you can see the situations cropping up in all
:13:21. > :13:26.some of the public swimming pools have days reserved for women. They
:13:26. > :13:30.are getting around it that way. have days reserved for women. They
:13:30. > :13:42.was a difficult problem and at religion and sport colliding where
:13:42. > :13:44.segregation has been requested? You just have got to go through
:13:44. > :13:51.life. In the gym I go to there You just have got to go through
:13:51. > :13:57.section for women where there is You just have got to go through
:13:57. > :13:59.area is only for women and that You just have got to go through
:13:59. > :14:04.are not welcome there and should not go in there. That is because
:14:04. > :14:07.some of the women you talk to say look, it is a gym and I want to
:14:07. > :14:14.men ogling at me. There are some look, it is a gym and I want to
:14:14. > :14:20.Catholic schools in the south of then the issue is a lot bigger.
:14:20. > :14:39.segregation of gym lessons. That then the issue is a lot bigger.
:14:39. > :14:42.Operations will resume next week at an industrial complex on the border
:14:42. > :14:44.of North and South Korea, which became a flashpoint during high
:14:44. > :14:48.tensions on the peninsula this April. The Gaesong complex lies
:14:48. > :14:51.just inside the territory of the north but is run jointly by both
:14:51. > :14:56.states, bringing together South Korean manufacturers and North
:14:56. > :15:08.Korean labour. From Seoul, Lucy Five months ago this was as close
:15:08. > :15:12.as South Koreans could get to the factories inside the north. From
:15:12. > :15:17.Monday those factories will begin operations again after an agreement
:15:17. > :15:23.to re open the joint industrial process. But it went look as it
:15:23. > :15:27.to re open the joint industrial before. Foreign companies will be
:15:27. > :15:32.invited in to share the site. South Korea says it hopes for foreign
:15:32. > :15:41.mobile phones and internet access will be introduced, despite being
:15:41. > :15:47.Negotiations to open the joint project took many weeks. It was
:15:47. > :15:55.Negotiations to open the joint first time that political tensions
:15:55. > :16:06.had arisen. More than 120 South Korean companies have factories
:16:06. > :16:09.incentives for them are strong. After the suspension of the past
:16:09. > :16:43.The blast is the latest in a series of sectarian violence in Iraq.
:16:43. > :16:50.investigation into the 1978 murder of an axe aisle to dissident on
:16:50. > :17:01.Waterloo Bridge in London. -- Exide identified his killer as an agent
:17:01. > :17:06.named Piccadilly at the agent has There has been a double suicide
:17:06. > :17:20.attack in Egypt's Sinai Peninsula. There has been a double suicide
:17:20. > :17:27.People across the US are marking the 11th attacks 12 years ago. The
:17:27. > :17:33.official ceremony at the World Trade Center site in New York took place
:17:33. > :17:36.silence marked the moment when the planes crashed into the towers.
:17:36. > :17:41.President Obama has also attended a planes crashed into the towers.
:17:41. > :17:58.ceremony at the Pentagon. Families Lyoo Russell Keenan the third. And
:17:58. > :18:05.my uncle, Peter, you were taken Lyoo Russell Keenan the third. And
:18:05. > :18:12.us too soon. Today we celebrate Lyoo Russell Keenan the third. And
:18:12. > :18:15.In Spain, hundreds of thousands Lyoo Russell Keenan the third. And
:18:15. > :18:20.people have formed a human chain in Catalonia to secure their support
:18:20. > :18:24.for independence. It is Catalonia's national day and the local president
:18:24. > :18:27.has reiterated his plan to hold national day and the local president
:18:27. > :18:39.referendum on independence next year. The Spanish central government
:18:40. > :19:10.People in Catalonia have celebrated their national day for centuries.
:19:10. > :19:19.But this year there are again strong calls for a vote on independence
:19:19. > :19:23.cannot vote, and that should not be acceptable for the rest of the
:19:23. > :19:28.world. The feeling is greater than ever and I think we will succeed. A
:19:28. > :19:38.pro-independence Catalan flags. ever and I think we will succeed. A
:19:38. > :19:43.people, hundreds of thousands, creating a human chain, a protest in
:19:43. > :19:47.favour of the idea of an independent Catalan state. The human chain
:19:47. > :19:54.stretches 400 kilometres, weaving its way through many roads Tom and
:19:54. > :20:01.eventually reached the border with France. Here it travels through
:20:01. > :20:03.eventually reached the border with you went in the other direction
:20:03. > :20:13.eventually you would end up in a Spanish region. Earlier the Catalan
:20:13. > :20:19.president told me his plan was to hold a referendum on independence
:20:19. > :20:25.Spanish government but Madrid is unlikely to agree. We do not know if
:20:25. > :20:42.the Spanish government will accept not, I have another tool in my
:20:42. > :20:44.the Spanish government will accept Catalan president says he will turn
:20:44. > :20:45.the Spanish government will accept regional elections in two years
:20:45. > :20:47.the Spanish government will accept a vote on independence from Spain.
:20:47. > :20:56.unclear. Spain shows no sign of a vote on independence from Spain.
:20:56. > :21:01.unclear. Spain shows no sign of despite the large number on the
:21:01. > :21:03.unclear. Spain shows no sign of street, if there was a rough --
:21:03. > :21:13.unclear. Spain shows no sign of vote the result would be difficult
:21:13. > :21:15.unclear. Spain shows no sign of There is a vaccine that appears
:21:15. > :21:24.unclear. Spain shows no sign of be effective against the primate
:21:24. > :21:28.monkeys showed up clear of the simian immunodeficiency virus and
:21:28. > :21:42.this raises hope that a similar approach could be used for humans.
:21:42. > :21:50.Very similar. HIV actually derives from the simian immunodeficiency
:21:50. > :21:55.virus. It crossed species from monkeys to humans. They both affect
:21:55. > :22:00.the body in the same way, attacking the immune system and leading to
:22:00. > :22:06.AIDS. A particular form of the simian virus they were looking at is
:22:06. > :22:11.a very virulent form, about 100 times more deadly than HIV. It can
:22:11. > :22:18.kill monkeys within two years. If we are looking at this really nasty
:22:18. > :22:25.vaccinate against it, perhaps you can use that for less virulent forms
:22:25. > :22:33.like HIV. Have they quantified how well they have been able to tackle
:22:33. > :22:43.vaccine they have put together users belonging to the herpes family,
:22:43. > :22:45.vaccine they have put together users deliver the virus. It uses the
:22:45. > :22:53.infectious nature to spread through the body and kick-start the immune
:22:53. > :22:57.system. They vaccinated 16 monkeys and exposed them to the simian
:22:57. > :23:05.immunodeficiency virus and they found it that -- that in half of
:23:05. > :23:09.them the vaccine is very effective. Although the virus spreads through
:23:09. > :23:17.the body, the vaccine hunted out and is really good at hiding itself
:23:17. > :23:20.the body, the vaccine hunted out and in tissues but this one managed
:23:20. > :23:26.the body, the vaccine hunted out and eradicate it. That raises hope,
:23:26. > :23:31.could be potential cure cross over to humans? Researchers must be
:23:31. > :23:36.thinking about this. We are a long way off but researchers have been
:23:36. > :23:43.creating an equivalent vaccine which through a lot of safety tests before
:23:43. > :23:48.it can go to clinical trials but they expect them to start in the
:23:48. > :23:50.next two years. Whether this will eventually help to vaccinate against
:23:50. > :23:59.HIV in humans remains to be seen eventually help to vaccinate against
:23:59. > :24:09.much success at all. 20 -- two years years, and not many have had very
:24:09. > :24:13.much success at all. 20 -- two years we will have to have you back here.
:24:13. > :24:17.The last woolly mammoth disappeared from Earth nearly 4000 years ago. It
:24:17. > :24:19.is long thought that early humans were the main factor killing them
:24:19. > :24:32.world warming up after an ice age. were the main factor killing them
:24:32. > :24:35.world warming up after an ice age. There is plenty of evidence that
:24:35. > :24:46.humans hunted woolly mammoths. Many believe it is this that led to the
:24:46. > :24:49.scientists studying their remains are seeing a different picture.
:24:49. > :24:58.scientists studying their remains drilling into their tasks, they
:24:58. > :25:00.scientists studying their remains extracted DNA. -- tusks. If the
:25:00. > :25:02.scientists studying their remains from each animal is very different,
:25:02. > :25:08.there were lots of them. If there are signs of inbreeding, there were
:25:08. > :25:12.few. The frozen remains of woolly mammoths have been found across
:25:12. > :25:17.few. The frozen remains of woolly world. DNA from their bones and
:25:17. > :25:19.few. The frozen remains of woolly their hair shows that their demise
:25:19. > :25:27.was mostly down to a change in climate. It began 20,000 years ago.
:25:27. > :25:34.The ice age was at its height. It mammoths because the cold pressed
:25:34. > :25:40.the plant growth they depended on. That was the start of a long process
:25:40. > :25:46.that would lead to their extinction. Then it became too warm for them.
:25:46. > :25:51.They were gigantic. A woolly mammoth was about the size of a modern-day
:25:51. > :25:58.elephant. It is thought they at 40,000 years ago there was lots
:25:58. > :26:01.elephant. It is thought they at grass for them to eat, shown here in
:26:01. > :26:07.green. As the ice age ended the grass disappeared and so did the
:26:07. > :26:15.mammoth. These great beasts were forced north as the grassland was
:26:15. > :26:18.replaced by forests. One clear message is that mammoths do not
:26:18. > :26:19.replaced by forests. One clear the warm, they get going, move
:26:19. > :26:28.northwards. Once they got there the warm, they get going, move
:26:28. > :26:36.went extinct. All that is left of these once magnificent creatures is
:26:37. > :26:40.Amazing fossils, what they can reveal. Next it is the weather.
:26:40. > :26:41.Amazing fossils, what they can me and the rest of the team, had