:00:05. > :00:11.This is BBC World News Today with me, Philippa Thomas. Gunmen release
:00:11. > :00:16.the Libyan prime minister, after snatching him from a hotel in the
:00:16. > :00:26.powerful militia and held hostage for several hours. We ask just who
:00:26. > :00:29.is in control in post-Gaddafi Libya. A potential breakthrough in treating
:00:29. > :00:34.Alzheimer's. Scientists discover a chemical that stops brain cells
:00:34. > :00:37.Also coming up: The Little Master calls it a day. The world's most
:00:37. > :00:44.prolific batsman, Sachin Tendulkar, announces his retirement from all
:00:44. > :00:47.And described as a master of the short story, Canadian author Alice
:00:47. > :01:04.Munro wins the Nobel Prize for Hello and welcome. Libya's prime
:01:04. > :01:05.minister is safe, and back at work, after an extraordinary day at the
:01:05. > :01:17.office. Ali Zeidan was abducted after an extraordinary day at the
:01:17. > :01:21.a Tripoli hotel in the early hours of the morning, and held for several
:01:21. > :01:26.hours by armed men. It is not clear militias had been angered by a US
:01:26. > :01:28.commando raid to capture senior Al-Qaeda suspect, Anas al-Liby.
:01:29. > :01:37.commando raid to capture senior World Affairs correspondent Paul
:01:37. > :01:49.beleaguered Prime Minister emerges after a few hours of captivity.
:01:49. > :01:54.beleaguered Prime Minister emerges country, he did his best to design
:01:54. > :02:02.positive. TRANSLATION: Only with an army and police can a state exist. I
:02:02. > :02:11.thank the army and police and all thank you. The revolutionaries
:02:11. > :02:22.snatched him from a hotel room in the early hours of the morning.
:02:22. > :02:27.snatched him from a hotel room in TRANSLATION: People came sign for
:02:27. > :02:43.general, with an order for the special forces captured a senior
:02:43. > :02:51.Al-Qaeda member, Anas al-Liby. Some special forces captured a senior
:02:51. > :02:56.Libyans were outraged and felt sure that someone in government new.
:02:56. > :02:59.Libyans were outraged and felt sure Libya, there are a large number
:02:59. > :03:02.Libyans were outraged and felt sure these so-called militia is who
:03:02. > :03:02.Libyans were outraged and felt sure people who took up arms against
:03:02. > :03:29.Colonel Gaddafi in 2011 and have people who took up arms against
:03:29. > :03:32.Colonel Gaddafi in 2011 and have TRANSLATION: We are in a state of
:03:32. > :03:36.revolution, so we have no choice. The Libyan state has no control
:03:36. > :03:39.revolution, so we have no choice. the repercussions of the revolution
:03:39. > :03:42.because the state is weak. Two different abductions in the heart of
:03:42. > :03:46.the Libyan capital in less than different abductions in the heart of
:03:46. > :03:55.week. The government's credibility With me is the Libya and Middle
:03:55. > :04:01.week. The government's credibility specialist Alan George. We heard it
:04:01. > :04:08.state is weak? Absolutely. The fact of the matter is the dictatorship of
:04:08. > :04:20.Colonel Gaddafi held together a religious loyalties which all pull
:04:20. > :04:28.in different directions. Colonel Gaddafi was holding the country
:04:28. > :04:38.together and that has disappeared. Democracy is not that glue? The
:04:38. > :04:44.acknowledge democracy as a big enough reason to set aside the dons.
:04:44. > :04:50.The regional militia really control the country on the ground. There are
:04:50. > :04:52.lots of checkpoints. They guard their territory. You have been on
:04:52. > :05:01.the ground in Libya not so long their territory. You have been on
:05:01. > :05:17.different militia competing for turf? There are scores of militias.
:05:17. > :05:23.Some occupy the same premises. They have access to several thousand
:05:23. > :05:26.Some occupy the same premises. They The army, such as it is, is very
:05:26. > :05:35.small. The defence Ministry and Interior Ministry are trying to
:05:35. > :05:43.along with the ministry's request, but often do not. With more outside
:05:43. > :06:02.intervention be any help, or simply counter-productive and add more
:06:02. > :06:06.intervention be any help, or simply gradually over time. You talk about
:06:06. > :06:32.affiliated with the Colonel Gaddafi forces. When Colonel Gaddafi went,
:06:32. > :06:38.affiliated with the Colonel Gaddafi regime. Most Libyans really would
:06:38. > :06:54.prefer to see a decent central democracy. But that will be a long
:06:54. > :06:58.It has been more than a week since the US government went into partial
:06:58. > :07:01.control the House of Representatives are looking at a short-term solution
:07:02. > :07:07.for the other big crisis that is looming, the country's inability to
:07:07. > :07:09.borrowing limit. Without it, the US risks defaulting on its debts next
:07:09. > :07:18.week. Here's what House Speaker risks defaulting on its debts next
:07:18. > :07:21.Boehner said a short time ago. It is time for leadership. It is
:07:21. > :07:30.time for these negotiations to president will look at this as an
:07:30. > :07:35.opportunity and a good-faith effort on our part to move halfway to what
:07:35. > :07:40.is demanding in order for these Live now to Washington and our
:07:40. > :07:43.correspondent Jane O'Brien. We are hearing something of a positive
:07:43. > :07:53.reaction from the White House, so Who knows? But what we are seeing is
:07:53. > :07:58.a slow inching towards some kind of compromise on the debt ceiling.
:07:58. > :08:00.a slow inching towards some kind of borrowing limit. All sides are
:08:00. > :08:05.pretty much agreed that they don't want to hit the deadline of 17th of
:08:05. > :08:10.October and see the government default. The reaction from the White
:08:10. > :08:14.House at the moment has been that the administration would strongly
:08:14. > :08:25.prefer a long-term extension and an end to this episodic brinkmanship,
:08:25. > :08:33.as their spokesman put it. But the president would sign a temporary
:08:33. > :08:37.Bill. The president is maintaining his position that he won't negotiate
:08:37. > :08:44.on broader budget issues until the government has reopened. That is now
:08:44. > :08:48.in its 10th day of shutdown. Even if the debt ceiling is raised, there is
:08:48. > :08:54.no guarantee yet that the government could reopen as a result. In the
:08:54. > :08:58.slightly farcical atmosphere that is Washington at the moment, the fact
:08:58. > :09:11.that they are beginning to negotiate on a very short term solution has
:09:11. > :09:12.trading this morning. It is really the markets that could well dictate
:09:12. > :09:37.entire world because everybody is that if the US government defaults,
:09:37. > :09:52.funding bill that would allow it to of the US. The shutdown, however,
:09:52. > :09:54.funding bill that would allow it to happen, and then the long and slow
:09:54. > :10:04.process of debating health care happen, and then the long and slow
:10:04. > :10:08.other reform. Now done deals by happen, and then the long and slow
:10:08. > :10:24.towards a compromise and perhaps a breakthrough in the fight against
:10:24. > :10:27.research by a team of UK scientists has highlighted a chemical that
:10:27. > :10:30.research by a team of UK scientists halt the death of brain cells. It is
:10:30. > :10:33.hoped that experiments on mice could eventually lead to the development
:10:33. > :10:42.of a drug to tackle degenerative This laboratory mouse has a brain
:10:42. > :10:50.destroying its coordination. See how Contrast that with another mouse
:10:50. > :10:55.which has been given a compound Contrast that with another mouse
:10:55. > :11:02.protect rain tissue and stop neurons Leicester is being seen as highly
:11:02. > :11:08.significant by those investigating human brain diseases. Our ageing
:11:08. > :11:14.population means neurodegenerative diseases are affecting more and
:11:14. > :11:18.population means neurodegenerative Alzheimer's disease. Then there
:11:18. > :11:20.population means neurodegenerative Parkinson's disease and Huntington's
:11:20. > :11:21.disease. Scientists believe there could be a common mechanism that
:11:21. > :11:31.abnormal proteins in the brain. could be a common mechanism that
:11:31. > :11:37.shuts down protein production and cells die. The mice were given a
:11:37. > :11:42.compound which reactivated protein production, preventing cells from
:11:43. > :11:46.dying. This gives scientists a new target for tackling brain disease.
:11:46. > :11:50.Of the human brain is far more complicated than that of a mouse. It
:11:50. > :11:55.is simply too early to say whether this 1's body will ever lead to
:11:55. > :11:57.is simply too early to say whether drug treatments. We must be quite
:11:57. > :12:01.cautious because this is early stage we search. We need to do a whole lot
:12:01. > :12:10.more research to understand what potential new drug, testing to see
:12:10. > :12:17.treatment for people with these conditions. Although he can still
:12:17. > :12:22.play the piano, 84-year-old Dominik can no longer care for himself.
:12:22. > :12:24.play the piano, 84-year-old Dominik Alzheimer's is gradually robbing him
:12:24. > :12:32.of his ability to think and act independently. We are all living
:12:32. > :12:43.diagnosed with Alzheimer's and dementia. If there is something
:12:43. > :12:43.diagnosed with Alzheimer's and be amazing. Yes. Any practical
:12:43. > :12:52.benefits are still a decade away. be amazing. Yes. Any practical
:12:52. > :13:06.benefits are still a decade away. research marks a turning point in
:13:06. > :13:09.He says it will be hard to imagine a life without playing cricket, and
:13:09. > :13:12.for millions of fans across India, it maybe hard to imagine a life
:13:12. > :13:13.without him. Legendary batsman Sachin Tendulkar has announced he
:13:13. > :13:26.cricket after playing his 200th Sachin Tendulkar has announced he
:13:26. > :13:29.next month. The 40-year-old is the international cricket history,
:13:29. > :13:33.having made nearly 16,000 runs in 198 Tests and more than 18,000 runs
:13:33. > :13:36.in 463 one day-ers. He burst onto the international stage at just
:13:36. > :13:48.in 463 one day-ers. He burst onto in 1989. Our sports correspondent
:13:48. > :13:57.Sachin Tendulkar has scored more devotion of his followers crosses
:13:57. > :14:04.into the spiritual. Home bash those who know him well admire his cricket
:14:04. > :14:10.talent and his ability to ignore other issues. He has led his life
:14:10. > :14:16.very simply. He never gets carried away. I have seen the best part
:14:16. > :14:20.very simply. He never gets carried Sachin Tendulkar when I played with
:14:20. > :14:29.him for 14 years. I was his captain Sachin Tendulkar made his first
:14:29. > :14:36.century for India in 1990 against England. He became a celebrity and
:14:36. > :14:44.statesman. When India revealed after the Mumbai attacks in 2008, he told
:14:44. > :14:52.his countrymen that he played for India now more than ever. I think it
:14:52. > :14:59.is easy to forget Brian Lara. He got out earlier. But those two are the
:14:59. > :15:04.best two players by a long way in the last 20 years. For many in
:15:04. > :15:12.India, Sachin Tendulkar is in so passable. The two test matches which
:15:12. > :15:13.remain in his career will be the opportunity for an outpouring of
:15:13. > :15:31.Absolutely, when he saved India opportunity for an outpouring of
:15:31. > :15:37.defeat at Old Trafford. And when he became the first non-white to play
:15:37. > :15:51.conference at the Oval, he kept for Yorkshire. The odd person had
:15:51. > :15:53.conference at the Oval, he kept gathered skirt. He was very polite.
:15:53. > :16:01.Ireland when he was taken around the gathered skirt. He was very polite.
:16:01. > :16:04.Ireland when he was taken around the dressing room, and he said -- his
:16:04. > :16:07.tour guide said, you know what, Sachin Tendulkar, you should take
:16:07. > :16:26.these young girls out and show them grace for all those years, breaking
:16:26. > :16:37.Without giving the impression that he was greater. The hubris, he never
:16:37. > :16:40.When he was available, he made it appear very natural. He has become
:16:40. > :16:46.such an iconic figure in India, appear very natural. He has become
:16:46. > :16:50.in India if you criticise Sachin Tendulkar, it is as if you are
:16:50. > :16:56.maligning the whole of India. On the two occasions it has happened, when
:16:56. > :16:58.major sin in cricket, parliament held a debate about how good they
:16:58. > :17:14.Yes. In India the moment, a lot held a debate about how good they
:17:14. > :17:27.distrust of politicians, Sachin just on the field but off the field.
:17:27. > :17:31.interviews I have seen of him, there's been very measured about
:17:31. > :17:34.what he should do. And when a great sportsman retires, we think, why has
:17:34. > :17:40.he retired? He still has to get sportsman retires, we think, why has
:17:40. > :17:48.moment he gets up on politics, it will be very divisive, which every
:17:48. > :17:56.He will. They would love to happen, Normally in India sports men haven't
:17:56. > :18:09.become great politicians. We have Would you bet that he will go into
:18:09. > :18:12.I think you want. He is such a big name a brand-name, you will use
:18:12. > :18:14.I think you want. He is such a big perhaps to promote something is
:18:14. > :18:19.which he thinks are for the good of the country. So that he keeps his
:18:19. > :18:23.image of Sachin Tendulkar, the benefactor. The man who gave us
:18:23. > :18:27.image of Sachin Tendulkar, the lavish runs is doing something for
:18:27. > :18:33.think that would be his motivation rather than going into politics
:18:33. > :18:38.British forces have marked another withdrawal of combat troops from
:18:38. > :18:40.Afghanistan. The last major British force to go to Helmand province
:18:40. > :18:43.Afghanistan. The last major British southern Afghanistan has begun its
:18:43. > :18:47.Brigade, otherwise known as the Desert Rats, began its nine month
:18:47. > :19:00.tour of duty with a special handover ceremony. David Loyn reports from
:19:00. > :19:08.A lone piper in the Afghan desert rats. 80 years after they won their
:19:08. > :19:12.A lone piper in the Afghan desert This is a very different brigade to
:19:12. > :19:47.this and be proud of their legacy? to finish the mission on timetable
:19:47. > :19:50.this and be proud of their legacy? Absolutely. The British public are
:19:50. > :19:56.this and be proud of their legacy? British forces in Afghanistan. They
:19:56. > :19:57.I was on the streets almost eight years ago on the January morning
:19:57. > :20:07.when British soldiers first set years ago on the January morning
:20:07. > :20:10.What you think of the atmosphere? Everyone has been really friendly.
:20:10. > :20:14.They are happy to see us. We are British or stop how different it is
:20:14. > :20:21.now when we travel in a heavily On the way to see a court. Better
:20:21. > :20:26.justice is something British are promoted. But it seems remote from
:20:26. > :20:34.people outside. We watch the case of this man who was convicted under
:20:34. > :20:41.available under the Taliban, biting Iman's your any fight. The chief
:20:41. > :20:46.justice said security does not now outside his court, security felt
:20:46. > :20:55.This man said the Afghan police outside his court, security felt
:20:55. > :21:00.not good enough to keep order on their own when the British leave.
:21:00. > :21:01.Helmand certainly feels different now to when British troops arrived.
:21:01. > :21:09.Girls schools have closed under now to when British troops arrived.
:21:09. > :21:15.Taliban are now so full can keep up. Many are held in tents. But as
:21:15. > :21:19.Britain's Longmore enters its final phase, there are searching questions
:21:19. > :21:27.being asked about whether it has been worth the huge cost and loss of
:21:27. > :21:36.soldiers first walked out here Now a look at some of the day's
:21:36. > :21:41.Charles Taylor, the former president of Liberia is to serve his 50 years
:21:41. > :21:45.sentence for war crimes in the UK. He is the first head of state to be
:21:45. > :21:49.convicted by the courts since the end of the Second World War. The
:21:49. > :21:50.charges against them, including murder, rape and terrorism, stem
:21:50. > :21:58.from his support for the rebels murder, rape and terrorism, stem
:21:58. > :22:01.Police in Pakistan said of the former president, Musharraf has
:22:01. > :22:10.Police in Pakistan said of the arrested after a military raid on a
:22:10. > :22:17.resulted in the deaths of many people including a radical cleric.
:22:17. > :22:21.under house arrest on other charges. The Pakistani teenager and education
:22:21. > :22:27.campaign who was shot by the Taliban for her work has warned the European
:22:27. > :22:29.campaign who was shot by the Taliban Union's annual human rights award.
:22:29. > :22:47.The price for freedom of thought is revolutionized the art of short
:22:47. > :22:51.The price for freedom of thought is stories in which she often deals
:22:51. > :23:17.and, as she puts it, the 'underbelly think I knew that I was even on
:23:17. > :23:24.and, as she puts it, the 'underbelly yesterday. My daughter woke me up.
:23:24. > :23:32.She just said, mum, you won. I was dazed about what had I won. I came
:23:32. > :23:39.With me is Amit Chaudhuri, novelist literature at the University of
:23:39. > :23:41.With me is Amit Chaudhuri, novelist Anglia here the UK. She sounded
:23:41. > :23:49.shocked. She is genuinely modest for Cheers. But there is reason for
:23:49. > :23:50.shocked. She is genuinely modest for to be taken by surprise. The people
:23:50. > :23:58.who were being mentioned in relation contenders, our writers of what
:23:59. > :24:03.who were being mentioned in relation often called the global novel full
:24:03. > :24:09.stop. And Alice Munro write the complete opposite of that will stop
:24:09. > :24:17.her great work is based on place, provincial small towns, and she
:24:17. > :24:21.her great work is based on place, the great practitioner of this
:24:21. > :24:23.unpopular for. At one time very popular, but especially in the
:24:23. > :24:33.English language, quite unpopular for some reason - the short story.
:24:33. > :24:41.Not given its due, and especially in the English language and Anglophone
:24:41. > :24:47.you look at France, chart story writers are national treasures.
:24:47. > :24:53.you look at France, chart story is a wonderful thing that a person
:24:53. > :25:03.who has pursued a relatively narrow area and focus on it and enriched it
:25:04. > :25:11.has also pursued the short story, should be seen to be not only a
:25:11. > :25:19.claim to be recognised in this way. You were on the man Booker panel
:25:19. > :25:24.totality of her work. Often she takes, as you say, small subjects
:25:24. > :25:32.like stifling small-town life from a single perspective, RJ has exquisite
:25:32. > :25:41.language, but then she has these with any small town, or from one
:25:41. > :25:46.small town to another. There is with any small town, or from one
:25:46. > :25:51.wonderful short story called the Ottawa Valley, about arriving there.
:25:51. > :25:59.We have two look at her in the context of Canadian writing, and
:25:59. > :26:13.We have two look at her in the nonpolice writing. And what she
:26:13. > :26:18.We have two look at her in the about the quotidian, the commonplace
:26:18. > :26:20.We have two look at her in the of Canadian life and stop. What
:26:20. > :26:23.We have two look at her in the means to be inside a room, but the
:26:23. > :26:24.room feels like any city in Canada, the worry about paying rent next
:26:24. > :26:33.month. The most humdrum aspects the worry about paying rent next
:26:33. > :26:40.Amit Chaudhuri, thank you very much. A reminder of our main news: the
:26:40. > :26:46.Libyan Prime Minister has spoken for He described the kidnapping as a
:26:46. > :26:50.followed from the revolution and called on all parties to unite and
:26:50. > :26:50.Well, that's all from the programme.