:00:07. > :00:15.This is a special edition of rock Mac with me backing the life of
:00:16. > :00:20.Nelson Mandela, the lawyer, freedom fighter, activist, president and
:00:21. > :00:27.global icon who goes down as one of the tolling figures of the 20th
:00:28. > :00:35.century. He leaves a nation in mourning. His friends Archbishop
:00:36. > :00:42.Desmond Tutu pays his respects. We are relieved that his suffering
:00:43. > :00:52.is over. But our relief is drowned in our grief.
:00:53. > :00:56.In the township of Soweto, news of Nelson Mandela's death provokes
:00:57. > :01:04.sadness and an outpouring of emotion. The man who taught South
:01:05. > :01:09.Africa to overcome hatred, the words of President Zuma, as he announces
:01:10. > :01:25.the funeral in nine days' time. Hello and welcome. The death of
:01:26. > :01:29.Nelson Mandela, frail in health and advanced in years, may not have come
:01:30. > :01:34.as is a prize, but nevertheless it marks the end of an era and his
:01:35. > :01:42.grief brought tributes from home and abroad. The man who had impressed
:01:43. > :01:56.many with his humility and dignity and above all Magnum in 80.
:01:57. > :02:05.We are here in Vilakazi Street, the roads were the old home of Nelson
:02:06. > :02:09.Mandela was. It has become the most extraordinary focal point. Lots of
:02:10. > :02:12.South Africans went to bed last night before they got news of the
:02:13. > :02:15.passing, but once they got here, passing, but once they got here
:02:16. > :02:21.many people have made their way to this place which has become a real
:02:22. > :02:24.special point of attention. We have lots of people in the streets
:02:25. > :02:31.earlier and they have gone past in waves, chanting, dancing and singing
:02:32. > :02:37.in the most joyful way. When you ask people why there are so many
:02:38. > :02:47.smiles, they say they are celebrating Madiba's life, as they
:02:48. > :02:48.know him affectionately. It has been, bizarrely, a day of
:02:49. > :03:06.celebration. They come from all walks of life and
:03:07. > :03:10.from all communities. To pay their respects outside the home of Nelson
:03:11. > :03:19.Mandela. The sense of bereavement is palpable. For some, almost private,
:03:20. > :03:24.personal. But this is also a coming together, a nation united in
:03:25. > :03:29.mourning but also in celebration of the life of the man they call
:03:30. > :03:33.Madiba. People are celebrating the life of
:03:34. > :03:40.Nelson Mandela. I think that what he would have wanted was for people to
:03:41. > :03:42.celebrate his life. As South Africa prepares for a state
:03:43. > :03:47.funeral of unprecedented proportions, does turn to what kind
:03:48. > :03:52.of nation Nelson Mandela leaves behind.
:03:53. > :03:59.We will always love Madiba for teaching us that it is possible to
:04:00. > :04:10.overcome hatred and anger. In order to build a new nation and a new
:04:11. > :04:13.society. For decades, the struggle against
:04:14. > :04:19.apartheid looked like it might be crushed a brutal regime. A system
:04:20. > :04:27.that applied violence and racist ideology in equal measure to oppress
:04:28. > :04:30.South Africa's black majority. But Nelson Mandela's achievement and
:04:31. > :04:39.mated to more than the victory of the oppressed of the oppressors
:04:40. > :04:44.I think his greatest legacy to the world is the emphasis which he has
:04:45. > :04:51.always puts on the need for reconciliation.
:04:52. > :04:57.Nelson Mandela went to present an angry young man. A fighter committed
:04:58. > :05:05.to defeating his enemies with violence if necessary.
:05:06. > :05:07.27 years later, he emerged reaching reconciliation but he never give up
:05:08. > :05:20.the struggle. I have no doubts that each and every
:05:21. > :05:35.one of you can see with authority and confidence that I have travelled
:05:36. > :05:50.this long road to freedom. I trust I did not falter. I made missteps
:05:51. > :06:00.along the way but I have discovered that after crossing a great Hill,
:06:01. > :06:06.one only finds that there are many more hills to cross.
:06:07. > :06:10.His message has been an inspiration to millions, at home, in Africa and
:06:11. > :06:15.beyond. He achieved more than could be
:06:16. > :06:20.expected of any man. Today he has gone home and we have lost one of
:06:21. > :06:24.the most influential, courageous and profoundly good human beings that
:06:25. > :06:30.any of us will ever share time went on this earth.
:06:31. > :06:39.It would be a hard heart indeed that wasn't moved by the spectacle, these
:06:40. > :06:43.flowers and these messages, many written by children born in a
:06:44. > :06:49.post-apartheid South Africa, messages that all boil down to one
:06:50. > :06:57.thing, Madiba, thank you for freeing our country.
:06:58. > :07:00.In death as in life, Nelson Mandela's unique ability to bring
:07:01. > :07:18.people together and to lift their spirits means and end.
:07:19. > :07:23.-- and didn't -- undimmed. In a few seconds ago, a white card
:07:24. > :07:31.drove past and the owner has graffitied rest in peace my
:07:32. > :07:36.president all over it. The ordinary people of South Africa and the world
:07:37. > :07:43.have been reacting but there has been a huge reaction when someone of
:07:44. > :07:49.this magnitude dies from world leaders. Our diplomatic
:07:50. > :07:53.correspondent takes us through some of that reaction.
:07:54. > :08:00.Intra- Wagner Square in London this morning, the flag on South Africa
:08:01. > :08:10.House was at half-mast -- in Trafalgar Square. Tributes were
:08:11. > :08:15.beginning to pile up. Among the mourners who came to sign the book
:08:16. > :08:21.of condolence, David Cameron. The abiding memory I have is just
:08:22. > :08:24.seeing him in Johannesburg and him talking about the people who had
:08:25. > :08:29.imprisoned him and the suffering he had undergone and yet his complete
:08:30. > :08:33.forgiveness, his total lack of malice towards those who had done
:08:34. > :08:40.this to him. Across the Atlantic, the American
:08:41. > :08:44.flag was also raised to half-mast on the White House and President Obama
:08:45. > :08:50.made a heartfelt tribute which was deeply personal.
:08:51. > :08:56.I am one of the countless millions who drew inspiration from Nelson
:08:57. > :08:57.Mandela's life. My very first political action, the first thing I
:08:58. > :09:07.ever did, it involved an issue - ever did, it involved an issue --
:09:08. > :09:12.that involved an issue or politics, was campaign against apartheid.
:09:13. > :09:19.He was mourned not just in time Square but at the United Nations
:09:20. > :09:26.where diplomats paused in silence -- Times Square.
:09:27. > :09:35.China's president recalled his friendship, India's president
:09:36. > :09:41.lamented the passing of a giant Russia called him an outstanding
:09:42. > :09:45.politician and Brazil said he was one of the greatest figures of the
:09:46. > :09:50.20th century. Tributes also came from African leaders.
:09:51. > :09:57.We will all miss most cherished of Africa's sons and a true hero.
:09:58. > :10:02.President Nelson Mandela lived an extraordinary life in a very
:10:03. > :10:08.ordinary way. The Queen said she member at her
:10:09. > :10:14.meetings with Mandela with great warmth and was deeply saddened.
:10:15. > :10:19.Prince Charles, who took camera and Brixton, recalled his humour and
:10:20. > :10:24.courage. He seemed to have touched everyone who met him. Former US
:10:25. > :10:29.President Bill Clinton said he had lost a true friend. Tony Blair has
:10:30. > :10:38.said he was a great man who made racism not just a moral but stupid.
:10:39. > :10:42.South African actress Charlize Theron said his impact would live
:10:43. > :10:44.for ever. By chance last night was the London
:10:45. > :10:50.premiere of the new film of his life. The Duke and Duchess of
:10:51. > :10:57.Cambridge were in attendance and visibly shocked when it was
:10:58. > :11:04.announced. My thoughts and prayers are with him
:11:05. > :11:07.and his family right now. More members of the Royal family
:11:08. > :11:12.were at South Africa House this morning. For a towering figure his
:11:13. > :11:20.impact on the world has surely been monumental.
:11:21. > :11:26.The people continue to come past year, people just arriving down the
:11:27. > :11:34.street to look at what is going on and pay tribute. I have managed to
:11:35. > :11:42.talk to a couple of people here tonight. You were born and have
:11:43. > :11:48.grown up in this very area. Yes, I was born here in Soweto, so I
:11:49. > :11:58.remember very well when Mandela was released. It was a Monday and the
:11:59. > :12:04.weather was like this. It was a bit cloudy and training. We were so
:12:05. > :12:09.excited. I didn't know much about Mandela but I was excited and very
:12:10. > :12:15.happy. We were told he would deliver a speech so we went there and were
:12:16. > :12:23.very happy. But now the wheels have turned and Mandela is gone but we
:12:24. > :12:28.don't regret because he did a very good job for us.
:12:29. > :12:33.You are 13 years old, I believe What does Nelson Mandela mean to
:12:34. > :12:41.your generation? He fought for freedom some most
:12:42. > :12:47.people are glad he came out of jail. But now we are very cranked up
:12:48. > :12:54.because he passed away. We have to learn about him more because our
:12:55. > :13:01.future leaders must be like him. You have grown up not knowing about
:13:02. > :13:08.the struggle of apartheid but what he did before you were even in this
:13:09. > :13:13.world is very important. I was confused as to who Mandela was
:13:14. > :13:27.so now I know all about him because I have read a lot.
:13:28. > :13:32.How do celebrations combine with the sorrow?
:13:33. > :13:37.I think we don't need to cry although it is sad. We need to
:13:38. > :13:47.celebrate our black Jesus, Mr Madiba. He has done a lot for us. We
:13:48. > :13:53.love him, we love him so much. It is sad that we need to celebrate his
:13:54. > :13:58.life. He is happy wherever he is. Now that he has passed away, do you
:13:59. > :14:03.have fears that South Africa will lose the path it is on?
:14:04. > :14:08.Not at all. Not with Mandela's spirit around us. Nothing will
:14:09. > :14:14.change. I you confident that Nelson
:14:15. > :14:23.Mandela's legacy will carry on? Very confident because there is no
:14:24. > :14:30.chance of us doing anything else. People might say South Africa still
:14:31. > :14:34.has many challenges. With Nelson Mandela be satisfied with South
:14:35. > :14:42.Africa today? I would say yes and no. I would say
:14:43. > :14:51.yes and no. These last 24 hours have been sad
:14:52. > :14:58.but very special for you. Some of the things he was going to
:14:59. > :15:02.be proud of them but some things he wouldn't be happy with.
:15:03. > :15:14.Thanks so March. We wish you all the best. It was a very amazing evening
:15:15. > :15:20.to be here cause it is just such an incredible atmosphere. More people
:15:21. > :15:29.are coming into the street. We expect the strange celebratory but
:15:30. > :15:35.also sorrowful mood to continue. That was my colleague they are in
:15:36. > :15:39.the township of service through. Nelson Mandela is not only the
:15:40. > :15:43.father of the modern South African nation, greatly loved by his
:15:44. > :15:46.people, he was also a giant on the African stage and a global icon. We
:15:47. > :15:50.African stage and a global icon We have heard much of his legacy since
:15:51. > :15:56.his death but there are different aspects to this. We will be
:15:57. > :16:02.assessing his impact at home in a moment but first let us focus on
:16:03. > :16:09.Africa. Listen to those young South Africans they are talking about him.
:16:10. > :16:15.It is extraordinary how this elderly man brought up by parents from an
:16:16. > :16:19.18th-century is still relevant. Yes I was speaking to a 15-year-old and
:16:20. > :16:28.a 23-year-old and they said for them, I didn't expect to have a Cem
:16:29. > :16:34.of he brought them liberation, but they did. I said to the 15-year-old,
:16:35. > :16:38.what does liberation mean to you, because you didn't live under
:16:39. > :16:43.apartheid. He said, we sea the scars of it in the country. They also hear
:16:44. > :16:50.about the scars of apartheid as you did from your own paurnts - parents.
:16:51. > :16:54.Do you think when you have a generation of South Africans, who
:16:55. > :16:58.don't hear the stories of the oppression and discrimination, that
:16:59. > :17:01.they might perhaps start seeing a different South Africa and not
:17:02. > :17:06.remember Nelson Mandela in the same way? Well the one thing is it is
:17:07. > :17:10.taught in schools and they learn about his contribution to the
:17:11. > :17:16.country. So there has been an effort to make sure that is not forgotten.
:17:17. > :17:22.Your parents were act Vis in the -- activists in the ANC and had to flee
:17:23. > :17:29.to the UK. When they went back and relocated to South Africa, were they
:17:30. > :17:33.grateful to Nelson Mandela? It is hard to put into words. When they
:17:34. > :17:38.left South Africa, they weren't people in their country. And to go
:17:39. > :17:43.back being able to and to able to take part in the process that led to
:17:44. > :17:49.us being a democratic country and to... I remember them talking about
:17:50. > :17:52.queueing and queueing just to vote. This opportunity to have a say in
:17:53. > :17:59.the country you were born in. I remember my aunt telling me how they
:18:00. > :18:05.were not a I aI o' - allowed to own property or land in their own
:18:06. > :18:11.country. It is just unbelievable the sort of just how huge it was. So it
:18:12. > :18:16.is, it had changed and it has changed for them now. Somebody like
:18:17. > :18:24.you, who has lived in multicultural and multiracial Britain, where
:18:25. > :18:29.people can mix and can we talk about South Africa even today in the same
:18:30. > :18:33.way that it is multiracial and that if you have a mixed marriage, people
:18:34. > :18:39.won't turn over their shoulders and have a look? I think it is a work in
:18:40. > :18:45.progress. I know people in mixed marriages. Members of my family are
:18:46. > :18:50.in mixed marriages and friends are in mixed marriages. That is common
:18:51. > :18:57.in South Africa? It is obviously, there are obviously still... Scars
:18:58. > :19:01.that still have to heal. One thing you notice when you go back to South
:19:02. > :19:07.Africa is the way race is talked about is different from how it is
:19:08. > :19:12.here. But it is a progress of work, a work in progress and something
:19:13. > :19:17.South Africans are open about and it is a discussion they're having. I
:19:18. > :19:21.won't embarrass you by saying how old you are on air, but you're
:19:22. > :19:25.relatively young and having been brought up in Europe you have got
:19:26. > :19:29.friends from all different races and so on. This a the same case poor
:19:30. > :19:33.people your aning in South Africa -- age in South Africa or younger
:19:34. > :19:38.still. Is there a true meeting of the races? I think it depends on
:19:39. > :19:42.your pack grounds. -- background. Many people my age wept to mixed --
:19:43. > :19:47.went to mixed schools. People younger than me are used to having
:19:48. > :19:53.friendships across the colour divide. Maybe for people older than
:19:54. > :19:59.me it may be more difficult. But the country is a work in progress. So
:20:00. > :20:11.the rainbow coalition what is we have been talking about. Thank you.
:20:12. > :20:15.Nelson Mandela's contribution to South Africa is almost immeasurable
:20:16. > :20:19.for averting a descent possibly into civil war during the difficult path
:20:20. > :20:24.to democracy. To look at his legacy in more detail, I am joined by
:20:25. > :20:29.William Gumede, author of several highly acclaimed books and also
:20:30. > :20:33.wrote the foreword to the collection of Nelson Mandela's writings and
:20:34. > :20:39.speeches. Would you say the overriding achievement of Nelson
:20:40. > :20:43.Mandela is he is often quoted almost single-handedly from preventing
:20:44. > :20:51.South Africa descending into civil war's exactly. Exactly. The
:20:52. > :20:58.constitutional democracy that we have here now I'll also he set a
:20:59. > :21:03.gold standard for Democratic leadership, South Africans will
:21:04. > :21:10.always be able to compare ourselves to what should be equality. There
:21:11. > :21:18.are those who say that Nelson went too far in stretching his hand out
:21:19. > :21:21.to the Afrikaners and not doing enough to dismantle the economic
:21:22. > :21:30.supremacy of the white South Africa. In the early 90s, the big
:21:31. > :21:37.thing for Mandela and the focus of all Hobbit his energy was -- all of
:21:38. > :21:46.his energy, bringing South Africans like and whites together. His focus
:21:47. > :21:51.was not an the economy. If you go back to South Africa in around 994,
:21:52. > :22:00.it was a period of time where we were taught the prospects and it was
:22:01. > :22:07.chance for him to hitting piece -- for him to get peace. He will hand
:22:08. > :22:12.over to his successors rather than focusing on the economic side of it.
:22:13. > :22:17.There has been lots of progress economic league in South Africa but
:22:18. > :22:23.still a great deal to do. There is a great deal of dissatisfaction that
:22:24. > :22:28.there is not the advancement that lots of people would like. Do people
:22:29. > :22:33.feel they would have liked Nelson Mandela to have used his authority
:22:34. > :22:41.and integrity to better lay the foundations for that kind of
:22:42. > :22:45.progress? Really, if we look back at the Democratic negotiations in the
:22:46. > :22:50.90s, what Nelson Mandela could have done better, they could have focused
:22:51. > :22:57.more robustly on economic negotiations. There was a naivete
:22:58. > :23:01.from the ANC negotiators but it was a time when activists and those who
:23:02. > :23:08.were journalists and researchers said we did not press the point to
:23:09. > :23:16.focus on the economy much more strongly. There was the naive belief
:23:17. > :23:20.that all one needs to do is just to take elliptical power and once you
:23:21. > :23:27.have that power, it will be easy to push forward and economic
:23:28. > :23:32.transformation project. The reality is not so easy. What about the
:23:33. > :23:38.Mandela name? We know he has a rather large family and some wayward
:23:39. > :23:42.members who have not perhaps been brought under control. What do you
:23:43. > :23:47.think will happen to be name of Mandela now that he is no longer
:23:48. > :23:52.here? The Mandela name is a global brand. He was even bigger than the
:23:53. > :24:00.ANC and there is right now a battle for the Mandela name and it is
:24:01. > :24:12.associated -- and what it is associated with. We ask people to
:24:13. > :24:15.respect the democratic values and the caring values he stood for. His
:24:16. > :24:23.political life, his integrity. To focus on that rather than to demean
:24:24. > :24:30.the Mandela brand and name. Thank you, William Gumede. Let's take a
:24:31. > :24:34.shot rake away from those events in South Africa and bring you a summary
:24:35. > :24:38.of some of the other main stories today. Hundreds of people here in
:24:39. > :24:41.the UK have been mopping up flooded homes after hurricane force winds
:24:42. > :24:47.kicked up tidal surges across northern Europe. Rising waters
:24:48. > :24:51.prompted thousands of evacuations on the eastern English coast. In one
:24:52. > :24:59.town, houses fell into the sea as waves eroding cliffs. Police in
:25:00. > :25:04.Egypt have views tear gas to end clashes. Today's competition began
:25:05. > :25:08.when pro-Muslim Brotherhood supporters came face to face with
:25:09. > :25:18.opposing crowds. Supporters have held regular protests.
:25:19. > :25:21.That's reminding of our main story, the South African President Jacob
:25:22. > :25:27.Zuma has been leading the tributes to Nelson Mandela who died on
:25:28. > :25:31.Thursday night at the age of 95 Mr Zuma said the outpouring of love was
:25:32. > :25:35.unprecedented. He said Nelson Mandela had taught South Africans it
:25:36. > :25:38.was possible to overcome hatred and to build a new nation. We leave you
:25:39. > :25:43.with some reaction to his death. Goodbye.
:25:44. > :25:55.The founding president of our democratic nation has departed.
:25:56. > :26:06.# When I get older, I will be stronger,
:26:07. > :26:14.# Born to a throne... He achieved more than can be
:26:15. > :26:22.expected of any man. Today he has gone home. His legacy is so
:26:23. > :26:29.powerful, he will live for generations. For an African to stand
:26:30. > :26:33.out and not to fear everything, to feel confident, that is what he
:26:34. > :26:39.taught us. He is celebrated because when he went to prison, lots of
:26:40. > :26:47.people have gone to prison and have gone back. He forgave.
:26:48. > :26:57.# When I get older, I will be stronger, they will be freedom.
:26:58. > :27:02.Good evening. The storm which battered as yesterday has been
:27:03. > :27:06.causing all sorts of problems in Europe and the last 24 hours, racing
:27:07. > :27:09.across Denmark, Scandinavia, battering the north coast of Poland,
:27:10. > :27:12.blizzards here and ending up nudging into Belarus and western Russia. For
:27:13. > :27:17.into Belarus and western Russia For us, it has become more quiet. But
:27:18. > :27:22.there is a bit of snow on the way tonight. Light and patchy rain for
:27:23. > :27:25.most of us but across parts of Scotland and into northern England,
:27:26. > :27:32.some snow and an ice risk for the morning. Lots of cloudy skies across
:27:33. > :27:44.northern England tomorrow and East Anglia looking, a bit calmer. Some
:27:45. > :27:45.rain but a bit damp for most of us towards the south of