14/02/2014

Download Subtitles

Transcript

:00:00. > :00:08.This is BBC World News Today with me Zeinab Badawi. Deadlock at the

:00:09. > :00:12.Geneva peace talks that are trying to end the conflict in Syria - the

:00:13. > :00:16.warring sides blame each other for the impasse.

:00:17. > :00:19.We have a special report from our correspondent, who's just been

:00:20. > :00:23.inside the besieged city of Homs and seen the evacuations first-hand.

:00:24. > :00:35.The grim reality of cancer for some of the families are worried

:00:36. > :00:44.that when the United Nations leave, there will be issues. We are not

:00:45. > :00:48.leaving. He grim reality of cancer for men - new statistics show that,

:00:49. > :00:52.globally, men are twice as likely to die of cancer than women, except in

:00:53. > :00:54.East Africa. ??NELWINE Also coming up... In Indonesia, tens of

:00:55. > :00:58.thousands are evacuated from their homes on the island of Java after a

:00:59. > :01:00.volcano eruption. Three people were killed.

:01:01. > :01:08.Fancy a visit to the Taj Mahal in India without leaving your own

:01:09. > :01:11.living room? The boom in virtual reality experiences and why some

:01:12. > :01:20.believe this kind of technology can transform lives.

:01:21. > :01:23.Hello and welcome. The irony is that the casualties in the Syrian

:01:24. > :01:30.conflict have risen ever since the talks in Geneva began a month ago.

:01:31. > :01:33.Now it seems that those talks end the week in deadlock over the key

:01:34. > :01:35.issue of a transitional government. Meanwhile, on the humanitarian

:01:36. > :01:38.front, our Chief International Correspondent, Lyse Doucet, has been

:01:39. > :01:41.in the besieged city of Homs and witnessed the evacuations that have

:01:42. > :01:44.taken place during the temporary cease-fire this week. She's just

:01:45. > :01:58.gone back to the capital, Damascus, and filed this report. The injured,

:01:59. > :02:04.the ill and the elderly. 1400 people in all escaped a punishing siege

:02:05. > :02:12.this week. The mission has been hailed as a ray of light in a

:02:13. > :02:19.devastating war. But millions of Syrians are living in poverty across

:02:20. > :02:24.the country. World powers are failing to agree a resolution to

:02:25. > :02:31.help them. People who are now week, traumatised, have run out of all of

:02:32. > :02:34.their coping mechanisms and are looking to members of the Security

:02:35. > :02:38.Council and are looking to us as a world community to do something to

:02:39. > :02:46.stop the horror, to stop the violence. Jarring this temporary

:02:47. > :02:49.truce in a rebel held area of Homs, hundreds of young men also came out.

:02:50. > :03:00.We filmed Syrian soldiers taking pictures of them as they arrived at

:03:01. > :03:04.the reception centre. The governor of Homs intervened. He called in all

:03:05. > :03:09.troops in uniform with weapons to leave this area. There is growing

:03:10. > :03:16.concern about possible reprise oars. All men between the age of 15 and 55

:03:17. > :03:20.are being questioned. This man told us he feared for his future. Some

:03:21. > :03:32.had been released, some are being held. UN officials say they are

:03:33. > :03:40.keeping an eye on the situation. We need to ensure this situation is

:03:41. > :03:43.seen as not an interrogation and nothing beyond that. This will send

:03:44. > :03:47.a good message and it will build confidence will stop some of the

:03:48. > :03:50.family say they are worried that once a United Nations lead, the

:03:51. > :03:57.conditions could be different. The United Nations are not leaving, we

:03:58. > :04:01.are here. Many are concerned about the fate of the young men. The

:04:02. > :04:05.longer the operation here in Homs goes on, the more sensitive it

:04:06. > :04:12.becomes. Even this you man Terry and mission to help civilians can not

:04:13. > :04:14.help escape the conflict in this war.

:04:15. > :04:17.At the talks in Geneva, the Syrian opposition spokesman has said

:04:18. > :04:22.there's no point in continuing to negotiate with the current

:04:23. > :04:24.government delegates. Louay al-Safi says they've proven inflexible over

:04:25. > :04:28.the possibility of creating a transitional governing body. And

:04:29. > :04:38.he's urged the international community to push forward the peace

:04:39. > :04:43.process. I appeal to the international community, those

:04:44. > :04:54.countries and nations who can make a difference can push this process

:04:55. > :04:59.forward. The friends of Syria, these countries can play a very positive

:05:00. > :05:03.role. We hope that they will do that because Syrians have suffered so

:05:04. > :05:09.much, too much. We have to stop it and we have to find peace with the

:05:10. > :05:11.freedom and dignity. Syria's deputy foreign minister,

:05:12. > :05:17.Faisal Mekdad, reponded by saying the opposition is backing what he

:05:18. > :05:20.described as "terrorists". But he claimed the Government is still

:05:21. > :05:26.committed to working towards peace for Syria. Those who carry arms

:05:27. > :05:35.against their own people and against their government are terrorists. We

:05:36. > :05:42.are now in a process that will re-establish peace and furnish the

:05:43. > :05:53.way for restoring normality into Syria and in this crisis by peaceful

:05:54. > :05:56.means. This is what we are here for. A video has been posted online

:05:57. > :05:59.showing Abdul Waheed Majeed, the first British suicide bomber to blow

:06:00. > :06:02.himself up in Syria. The 43-minute video clearly shows Mr Majeed

:06:03. > :06:06.dressed in white. Other footage showed the large armoured truck bomb

:06:07. > :06:09.which was driven into the walls of Aleppo prison on February the 6th.

:06:10. > :06:20.His family said they believed he was in Syria for humanitarian purposes.

:06:21. > :06:23.We hope to bring you more on that Syria story later in the programme.

:06:24. > :06:25.The South African Paralympic sprint champion, Oscar Pistorius, has

:06:26. > :06:28.issued a statement expressing "sorrow" over the shooting of his

:06:29. > :06:33.girlfriend, Reeva Steenkamp, on the first anniversary of her death. In

:06:34. > :06:37.the statement, he calls it a "devastating accident." Oscar

:06:38. > :06:42.Pistorius goes on trial in Pretoria next month for her murder. He says

:06:43. > :06:45.he shot her at his home because he mistook her for a burglar.

:06:46. > :06:54.Prosecutors say he killed her after a row.

:06:55. > :07:03.One year on and the death of Reeva Steenkamp still stirs up passion in

:07:04. > :07:10.South Africa. The ANC women's league joined many in marking the

:07:11. > :07:13.anniversary of her brutal death. She died here in Oscar Pistorius' home

:07:14. > :07:19.in the early hours of Valentine's Day last year. Despite having

:07:20. > :07:24.fatally shot her, the athlete has always maintained that her death was

:07:25. > :07:28.an accident. Oscar Pistorius told police he killed his girlfriend

:07:29. > :07:32.after mistaking her for an intruder. State prosecutors argued that was a

:07:33. > :07:37.premeditated murder that Oscar Pistorius took time to put on his

:07:38. > :07:43.artificial legs and follow his girlfriend from the bedroom before

:07:44. > :07:49.firing multiple shots through the door, killing her. Today, Oscar

:07:50. > :07:54.Pistorius spoke out publicly on his girlfriend's death. He released a

:07:55. > :08:00.statement on his website, describing the shooting as a devastating

:08:01. > :08:09.accident. Reeva Steenkamp's family placed newspaper adverts and held a

:08:10. > :08:16.private memorial in her hometown. There are calls for justice. We want

:08:17. > :08:23.them to ensure that the Justice system happens where everyone can

:08:24. > :08:29.see it. Once again, the spotlight will be back on Mr Pistorius when he

:08:30. > :08:38.goes on trial in March will stop if found guilty, he could face a life

:08:39. > :08:42.sentence in prison. Now back to our top story. We had that report from

:08:43. > :08:47.Lyse Doucet about the evacuation is taking place this week from the

:08:48. > :08:51.besieged city of Homs. We also have reported on how both warring sides

:08:52. > :09:03.at the peace talks are blaming each other for the stalemate, which is

:09:04. > :09:06.over the issue of a governing body. The BBC's Paul Wood has been

:09:07. > :09:10.following developments in Beirut in neighbouring Lebanon. He joins us

:09:11. > :09:14.live. Those talks, it does not inspire much hope that there will be

:09:15. > :09:22.progress. Talking to one senior diplomat on the inside of the talks,

:09:23. > :09:25.he says he is trying to move them from a psychology of war to a

:09:26. > :09:29.psychology of Contra mice. There is a huge gulf between the two sides

:09:30. > :09:33.over who will be the ruler of Syria, whether there will be regime change

:09:34. > :09:41.or not. There is an unbridgeable gulf. The idea was that there would

:09:42. > :09:49.be a series of localised cease-fires within Syria. There are cease-fires

:09:50. > :09:52.in some places. In others, the fighting continues more intensely

:09:53. > :09:58.than ever. That certainly has not been the effect, the hoped-for

:09:59. > :10:02.effect at Geneva. The process is very close to collapse, I think. So

:10:03. > :10:10.no word on whether they are going to go on talking in Geneva? That is the

:10:11. > :10:16.hope of Lakhdar Brahimi, the UN special envoy. He has said all

:10:17. > :10:21.along, " we are facing a disaster." He always manages to bring it back

:10:22. > :10:34.from the brink. The question is do the two parties want to compromise

:10:35. > :10:38.or they pursuing their own aims? The latest battlefront is between Syria

:10:39. > :10:43.and Lebanon, 40,000 people trapped there by all accounts in the middle

:10:44. > :10:48.of an intense artillery bombardment and air. On the humanitarian front,

:10:49. > :10:52.the UN are saying it is too little on the too slow and other help for

:10:53. > :10:57.those civilians and trapped civilians in the besieged areas, not

:10:58. > :11:02.only in Homs. The UN's problem is it took 14 months to get aid into

:11:03. > :11:10.Homs. They welcome it but it is an obligation on all sides to allow

:11:11. > :11:14.Unitarian aid. It has taken a long time to achieve this. By some

:11:15. > :11:17.estimates, half of the Syrian population needs aid of one form or

:11:18. > :11:27.another and most of them possibly not getting it. Thank you very much.

:11:28. > :11:30.Now a look at some of the day's other news... The Italian president,

:11:31. > :11:32.Giorgio Napolitano, has accepted the resignation of the Prime Minister,

:11:33. > :11:35.Enrico Letta. Mr Letta formally submitted his resignation a day

:11:36. > :11:38.after his own Democratic Party voted to withdraw its backing for his

:11:39. > :11:41.coalition administration. The party's recently-elected leader,

:11:42. > :11:46.Matteo Renzi, is now likely to take his place. President Napolitano is

:11:47. > :11:50.expected to ask Mr Renzi to form a new administration.

:11:51. > :11:54.At least 18 people have lost their lives in a heavy snow storm that has

:11:55. > :11:56.swept across the east of the United States. Outside Philadelphia,

:11:57. > :12:00.slippery roads caused several traffic accidents on a highway.

:12:01. > :12:03.Thousands of flights have been cancelled and more than half a

:12:04. > :12:08.million homes and businesses are without power. Here in the UK, there

:12:09. > :12:12.are severe flood warnings across the country as winds of 80 miles an hour

:12:13. > :12:16.batter the south coast. 2,000 members of the armed forces are

:12:17. > :12:20.helping with flood defences - 3,000 more are standing by. More than

:12:21. > :12:23.1,000 homes have been evacuated and high winds are disrupting train

:12:24. > :12:26.services. Pope Francis invited more than

:12:27. > :12:30.10,000 couples from around the world to Rome to celebrate Saint

:12:31. > :12:34.Valentine's Day. The Pope answered questions sent in by Roman

:12:35. > :12:38.Catholics. He said that there was no such thing as a perfect husband and

:12:39. > :12:43.perfect wife, let alone - he added jokingly - a perfect mother-in-law.

:12:44. > :12:50.But he stressed couples should not be afraid to make lasting choices.

:12:51. > :12:54.There is quite a gender gap when it comes to cancer. According to new

:12:55. > :12:58.global statistics, men are 50% more likely to die from cancer than

:12:59. > :13:02.women. Data published by Cancer Research UK shows that more than 4.5

:13:03. > :13:07.million men die from the disease every year across the world. This

:13:08. > :13:12.compares to around 3.5 million women who die from the disease globally.

:13:13. > :13:18.However, there is one exception - in East Africa women, are more likely

:13:19. > :13:21.to die of cancer than men are. With me is Jonathan Waxman,

:13:22. > :13:24.Professor of Oncology at Imperial College London. He has helped

:13:25. > :13:28.develop new treatments for cancer, which are now part of standard

:13:29. > :13:36.practice. Just explain to us, why is it men

:13:37. > :13:42.are more likely to die of cancer than women? It is an old story, and

:13:43. > :13:46.the old stories are always the good ones. It has been known since the

:13:47. > :13:52.1960s that men are more likely to die than women. There is nothing new

:13:53. > :13:56.in the statistics? It is an old story and a good one. It focuses on

:13:57. > :13:59.particular problems. It is to do with the fact that men do things

:14:00. > :14:03.that are more likely to give them cancer, they work in awful places,

:14:04. > :14:08.down in mind, they smoke more, they drink more and they are, as a

:14:09. > :14:18.result, more likely to get cancer. Is stress also a factor in this? Not

:14:19. > :14:26.even new newsreaders! There has been about one or two studies that have

:14:27. > :14:32.shown a link between psychological state and cancer, breast cancer. The

:14:33. > :14:36.indications are very slim. Are there types of cancer that are responsible

:14:37. > :14:38.for the high death rate in men? There are certain types of cancer

:14:39. > :14:43.that affect men more than women, lung cancer and liver cancer,

:14:44. > :14:51.stomach cancer and bowel cancer as well. The long conscience smoking,

:14:52. > :14:58.the liver from drinking and infections. It is a lifestyle thing.

:14:59. > :15:05.What about East African? It seems extraordinary that there is an

:15:06. > :15:09.exception there. You have to be careful about statistics. The BBC

:15:10. > :15:13.runs programmes on statistics and talks about the difficulties of

:15:14. > :15:17.interpreting them. Particularly when it comes to cancer, it is very

:15:18. > :15:22.difficult because you might find cancer statistics for a little bit

:15:23. > :15:29.of Ethiopian or a bit of Somalia applied to the whole country. We

:15:30. > :15:35.have fabulous statistics from the ONS. You'll BSE and it happened in

:15:36. > :15:39.France. We are good at collecting data and people in under

:15:40. > :15:44.industrialised parts of the world have got better things to do then

:15:45. > :15:54.collect information. So it is inadequate information? Can you give

:15:55. > :16:01.us a blast through those treatments you have developed? I developed a

:16:02. > :16:08.treatment for prostate cancer which is now generally applied. Is it

:16:09. > :16:13.actually making a difference? It used to be that men were castrated

:16:14. > :16:14.for prostate cancer, because it is a Elise that is dependent on the male

:16:15. > :16:36.hormones, -- it is a Elise. Professor Jonathan Waxman, thank you

:16:37. > :16:39.very much. In Indonesia, tens of thousands of people have been

:16:40. > :16:42.evacuated from their homes on the heavily populated island of Java

:16:43. > :16:45.after the volcano, Mount Kelud, erupted. Volcanic ash coated towns

:16:46. > :16:49.and villages as far as 500km away, and three main airports were closed

:16:50. > :16:51.because of a lack of visibility. Three people died when their homes

:16:52. > :17:00.collapsed under the weight of volcanic debris. Alice Budisatrio

:17:01. > :17:03.reports. Mount Kelud eruptions sent ash and gravel seven interlopers

:17:04. > :17:05.into the atmosphere when most people were sleeping. They work up to see

:17:06. > :17:12.homes and streets blanketed with thick layers of ash and the air

:17:13. > :17:17.filled with dust. The authorities raised the alert at the highest

:17:18. > :17:21.level, just one hour before the eruptions, giving people very little

:17:22. > :17:25.time to move to safety. We are leaving because the status is on

:17:26. > :17:30.high alert, so we have been told to evacuate from our village. This is

:17:31. > :17:36.the Jakarta airport, $300 metres away. Authorities were closed --

:17:37. > :17:39.forced to close the airport as volcanic ash covered the runway,

:17:40. > :17:44.blocking visibility and threatening to damage aircraft engines. A brief

:17:45. > :17:47.downpour washed away some of the ash, but with the tarmac muddy and

:17:48. > :17:53.slippery. Three other major airports were shut down. In cities and

:17:54. > :17:58.villages across Central and East Java, authorities are calling for

:17:59. > :18:03.volunteers to help clear streets of the debris. Indonesians are

:18:04. > :18:06.resilient in the face of natural disasters, which happen all too

:18:07. > :18:11.often. Many people are out cleaning the streets and sweeping their

:18:12. > :18:15.roost. The authority said the volcanic activity had decreased and

:18:16. > :18:21.that more major eruptions were unlikely. Residents closest to the

:18:22. > :18:25.volcano are still kept away as a precaution. It is unclear how long

:18:26. > :18:31.they will be kept in shelters, and when they are allowed to go, many

:18:32. > :18:39.may find their home is not the same way that they left it. It has been

:18:40. > :18:42.quite a week at the Winter Olympics in Sochi, with highs and lows for

:18:43. > :18:45.competitors and their countries. Today was another action-packed day.

:18:46. > :18:48.Lizzie Greenwood-Hughes from the BBC Sports Desk in Salford near

:18:49. > :18:56.Manchester has been following events and joins us now to bring us news of

:18:57. > :18:59.a British gold. Still plenty of medal chances to come, but for the

:19:00. > :19:04.second successive Winter Olympics, great written has won the women's

:19:05. > :19:08.skeleton gold medal. Four years ago, any billions did it in Vancouver and

:19:09. > :19:16.inspired by that, Lizzy Yarnold is the Olympic skeleton champion. Noel

:19:17. > :19:21.Papas pace was second for the US. Russia took the bronze, but Lizzy

:19:22. > :19:26.Yarnold broke were records during their cracker mac ones they had, and

:19:27. > :19:30.has been hailed as one of the best ever skeleton sliders. She has a

:19:31. > :19:35.great physique for this sport. She held her nerve for a breathtaking

:19:36. > :19:41.fourth run. Everyone watching in Britain was desperate for not

:19:42. > :19:44.limited up, but she won in total time almost one second faster than

:19:45. > :19:57.her nearest rival. Away from the Winter Olympics, the full manager,

:19:58. > :20:06.Rene Meulensteen has been sacked and that Felix Magath of Bayern Munich

:20:07. > :20:10.will be taking over. The Taj Mahal is one of the world's most iconic

:20:11. > :20:18.buildings and probably India's most famous and most visited landmark.

:20:19. > :20:22.Well now if you can't afford the air fare, you can pay a visit to it

:20:23. > :20:25.online. India's Ministry of Culture is teaming up with Google to bring

:20:26. > :20:28.the Taj Mahal to Street View. But the technique will remain banned

:20:29. > :20:37.everywhere else in India. Shilpa Kannan reports. Dawn. At one of the

:20:38. > :20:43.rope was my greatest monuments, the Taj Mahal. Set on the banks of a

:20:44. > :20:50.river, the white marble complex is one of the world's most recognisable

:20:51. > :20:55.symbols of love. Now, the 360-year-old Taj Mahal is catching

:20:56. > :21:02.up with 21st-century technology, with the help of this, the Google

:21:03. > :21:06.tracker, an ambitious project to collect footage which will then be

:21:07. > :21:11.available online. This is how it works. It is a camera mounted on a

:21:12. > :21:21.back pack, so you put it on, it weighs about 40 lbs, and there are

:21:22. > :21:24.about 15 lens, pointing in different directions, constantly taking

:21:25. > :21:30.photographs, and then these are fed into a computer, where the images

:21:31. > :21:40.are stored so that the viewer can have a 360 degrees view of this

:21:41. > :21:43.monument. This is not Google's first attempt to bring this technology to

:21:44. > :21:48.India. Three years ago, it sent out its Google Street View cars to map

:21:49. > :21:52.the streets of Bangalore, but that project was called off after the

:21:53. > :21:58.police raised security concerns. This time, Google has tied up with

:21:59. > :22:04.the Indian government to fill only heritage sites. It is a visitor

:22:05. > :22:09.record of this monument and those records will live for ever. Not only

:22:10. > :22:12.for this generation but for many generations to come. A good way of

:22:13. > :22:16.capturing the culture of the country. What about the concerns

:22:17. > :22:22.about Google Street View, which is banned in India? This is the same

:22:23. > :22:25.technology. We're working with the Indian authorities to understand

:22:26. > :22:30.their concerns and address them. I am confident that we will be able to

:22:31. > :22:36.resolve them in due course. Not all the areas of the Taj Mahal are open

:22:37. > :22:43.to the public, but that tracker will be able to go where tourists cannot.

:22:44. > :22:49.Most visitors have left today, but plenty have memories. Now, with the

:22:50. > :22:50.help of technology, this iconic building will be available to many

:22:51. > :23:02.more people. As people increasingly experience

:23:03. > :23:05.the world in a virtual manner, we are going to discuss now whether

:23:06. > :23:08.this is a good thing with Patrick Tucker, who joins me from

:23:09. > :23:14.Washington. He's Editor at The Futurist magazine and author of "The

:23:15. > :23:21.Naked Future". Is it a good thing that people can go and visit the Taj

:23:22. > :23:26.Mahal online? I think it is absolutely a fantastic thing, that

:23:27. > :23:31.virtual reality, this sort of project, allows so many more people

:23:32. > :23:35.to experience the Taj Mahal for themselves. It is something that is

:23:36. > :23:41.going to be happening more in future. Virtual reality, we think of

:23:42. > :23:47.as being a relatively recent invention. The first virtual reality

:23:48. > :23:50.headset that allow people to experience reality outside of what

:23:51. > :23:57.they were presently experiencing was invented in 1968 by and MIT

:23:58. > :24:01.researcher called Ivan Sutherland. Computing power has enabled the

:24:02. > :24:05.project you have described, the collection of lots of visual data,

:24:06. > :24:08.and the experience of that data, through different headsets, or

:24:09. > :24:15.through laptops and desktop interfaces. We think of it in turns

:24:16. > :24:20.of leisure, if you cannot afford the airfare to India, you can still see

:24:21. > :24:22.the Taj Mahal, but there is a therapeutic use for this kind of

:24:23. > :24:31.thing. For people suffering from trauma, or who have fear of going

:24:32. > :24:33.out or that kind of thing. There are lots of therapeutic uses that we are

:24:34. > :24:40.beginning to discover. In California, Henry Jenkins is one of

:24:41. > :24:45.the co-founders of a project called robots for humanity. He is

:24:46. > :24:51.paraplegic. He steers a drone around his house sometimes and uses this

:24:52. > :24:57.virtual reality headset called the Oculus, to see what the drone seize

:24:58. > :25:00.and experience flying from his bed. There has been lots of research

:25:01. > :25:06.showing the therapeutic benefits of virtual reality for veterans or

:25:07. > :25:17.people suffering from Post a big stress disorder. There is a great

:25:18. > :25:24.book by a man called Robert McLay, called At War With PTSD. In this

:25:25. > :25:29.case, virtual reality headsets allow subjects to re-experience the

:25:30. > :25:33.somatic event in a safe environment in a different way and edit it, so

:25:34. > :25:38.that the brain learns how to recope with the memory. It is cutting edge

:25:39. > :25:44.stuff, and it is only possible now because virtual reality has reached

:25:45. > :25:55.the point where this is available to what's more people. -- lots more. In

:25:56. > :25:58.turns of tourism and leisure, you cannot say that the online

:25:59. > :26:01.experience will be similar to real contact with the building, with the

:26:02. > :26:06.human contact of the people around there, the smells and that kind of

:26:07. > :26:13.thing. It is no real substitute, is it? It is not a substitute, I would

:26:14. > :26:18.say, but it allows for a wider experience of a place that you are

:26:19. > :26:22.going to visit. Imagine being in a place like that, live, and

:26:23. > :26:26.interacting with it? You have now got an opportunity to share that

:26:27. > :26:31.with so many more people and such more credible level, and actually,

:26:32. > :26:36.part of the fun is not just experiencing this kind of thing

:26:37. > :26:40.remotely in arrests -- less realistic way, but being part of

:26:41. > :26:49.that budget that you can bring that experience to so many more people.

:26:50. > :26:51.That is part of the appeal. That's all from me and the team. Goodbye.