:00:00. > :00:10.This is BBC World News Today with me, Philippa Thomas. Two big
:00:11. > :00:14.explosions have hit the central Nigerian city of Jos. The bombs,
:00:15. > :00:20.concealed in a lorry and a minibus, hit a busy marketplace. Up to 46
:00:21. > :00:23.people are reported dead. The Thai Army has imposed martial law after
:00:24. > :00:27.months of political tension. It insists this is not a coup. As the
:00:28. > :00:31.first person in the UK is convicted of terrorist offences in relation to
:00:32. > :00:39.the war in Syria, police warn that anyone travelling to "fight jihad"
:00:40. > :00:44.there is "highly likely" to be arrested on their return. And as
:00:45. > :00:59.rock-and-roll turns 60, we will look at the song that started it all.
:01:00. > :01:06.Hello and welcome. Two large explosions have struck a city in the
:01:07. > :01:10.centre of Nigeria. The blasts hit a crowded marketplace in Jos, a city
:01:11. > :01:15.that has been at the centre of ethnic and religious clashes for
:01:16. > :01:19.years. These are some of the latest images the BBC is getting showing
:01:20. > :01:23.the devastation in the city which lies between the country's mainly
:01:24. > :01:28.Muslim north and mainly Christian south. Police are telling the BBC
:01:29. > :01:32.that at least 46 people have died, many more are injured. It isn't
:01:33. > :01:39.known who is responsible. Suspicions are likely to turn to Boko Haram who
:01:40. > :01:45.carried out a spate of recent bombings in Nigeria. We can get the
:01:46. > :01:50.latest for you from our correspondent Will Ross in the
:01:51. > :01:54.Nigerian capital, Abuja, what are you hearing? Police are saying that
:01:55. > :01:59.46 people were killed in the two bombs. They were close together
:02:00. > :02:03.these two bomb-blasts. One close to a market, where there were many
:02:04. > :02:07.stalls set up on a busy road. The second one, a few minutes later,
:02:08. > :02:12.right outside the hospital where some of the victims were already
:02:13. > :02:17.being taken. It seems the two blasts were aimed at causing a maximum
:02:18. > :02:21.number of casualties, just as the attacks, the recent attacks on
:02:22. > :02:28.Abuja, people will remember those attacks were on a very busy bus
:02:29. > :02:32.park. Scenes of chaos in the area of course because it was so busy at the
:02:33. > :02:36.time. Large crowds gathering and the emergency services struggling to get
:02:37. > :02:41.crowds away and then get people to the hospitals. Already, religious
:02:42. > :02:47.leaders in the area are appealing for calm and for people not to carry
:02:48. > :02:52.out any kind of revenge attacks. Will Ross, in Abuja, thank you very
:02:53. > :02:56.much. With me here is Peter Okwoche from the BBC's focus on Africa
:02:57. > :03:01.programme. Peter, you are are from Jos originally. What are you
:03:02. > :03:05.hearing? The details are quite sketchy. This only just happened.
:03:06. > :03:10.What we do know about this market, where these explosions took place,
:03:11. > :03:14.the biggest market in the city. A market where I shopped a few times
:03:15. > :03:20.during my university years. There is a car park next to it, a bus park
:03:21. > :03:24.term news next to it. Whoever planned this attack, if indeed it
:03:25. > :03:27.was an attack, must have picked that spot because they knew at this time
:03:28. > :03:31.of the day, that particular time of the day, there would be a lot of
:03:32. > :03:35.people there. It's practically in the centre of Jos. Maximum impact?
:03:36. > :03:42.Maximum impact. That is what I believe they have been aiming for.
:03:43. > :03:47.We are not quite sure if it was an attack. Jos, there have been
:03:48. > :03:51.tensions and attacks there too? Jos lies on the faultline of the
:03:52. > :03:56.Christian south and the Muslim north. And Jos has really beautiful
:03:57. > :04:01.climate. A place where a lot of people from all parts of the country
:04:02. > :04:10.migrated to in the 60s and 70s. That is how my parents end up there. I
:04:11. > :04:13.was born there. There have been tensions with the people of the area
:04:14. > :04:17.and settlers from the north of the country, who they claim came to take
:04:18. > :04:20.the land away from them and spoil their crops, and stuff like that. In
:04:21. > :04:26.the past there have been ethnic tensions as well as religious
:04:27. > :04:28.tensions. We are seeing what could potentially be attacks by Boko
:04:29. > :04:31.Haram, which have happened in the past before. The finger of suspicion
:04:32. > :04:35.has been pointed to them first given what happened in the last few weeks?
:04:36. > :04:41.Absolutely. I think so. Simply because these explosions, these
:04:42. > :04:45.bombs were actually placed in buses. That is the modus operandi of Boko
:04:46. > :04:50.Haram. We have seen that in the Federal territory in recent weeks.
:04:51. > :04:54.That is how they carry out their own attacks. We will hear eventually
:04:55. > :04:59.that these attacks were carried out by Boko Haram. The point they are
:05:00. > :05:03.making is, we are not just about the north-east, we may have a stronghold
:05:04. > :05:08.there, but we can terrorise across the area? Nobody quite believed when
:05:09. > :05:12.they hit Abuja on 14th May and did it a couple of days later. They are
:05:13. > :05:16.telling people, we are coming for you. They have sent letters, as far
:05:17. > :05:21.as we know, to other state capitals further south telling them that - we
:05:22. > :05:24.can reach you if we want to. Peter Okwoche thank you for coming into
:05:25. > :05:28.the studio. To Thailand, where the caretaker Prime Minister is pleading
:05:29. > :05:31.with the Army to act peacefully and within the constitution following
:05:32. > :05:33.its imposition of martial law. He has been calling for fresh elections
:05:34. > :05:38.in August. The Army says has been calling for fresh elections
:05:39. > :05:41.country split by deep political divisions, it's taken control to
:05:42. > :05:44.ensure law and order, including control of many radio
:05:45. > :05:47.ensure law and order, including stations. It has also blocked many
:05:48. > :05:52.roads around the capital, Bangkok, in order to control the streets. The
:05:53. > :06:01.more on the latest dramatic turn of events, this report from the BBC's
:06:02. > :06:05.Jonah Fisher. After seven months of demonstrations on the streets of the
:06:06. > :06:12.Thai capital, the army decided it had seen enough. In the early hours
:06:13. > :06:15.of this morning, troops moved in. Blocking Bangkok's streets,
:06:16. > :06:24.surrounding protest sites and occupying television stations. Army
:06:25. > :06:28.commander Prayuth Chan-Ocha declared martial law had been introduced to
:06:29. > :06:30.prevent bloodshed and restore stability, he said. He stopped short
:06:31. > :06:34.of stability, he said. He stopped short
:06:35. > :06:37.is now firmly in charge stability, he said. He stopped short
:06:38. > :06:44.status of the elected government vague. It's not clear what forced
:06:45. > :06:48.the army's hands, as the protests dragged on, they have become
:06:49. > :06:56.Evermore violent and unpredictable. This week the leader of the
:06:57. > :07:00.anti-government movement, called for a final battle in what has become a
:07:01. > :07:07.desperate attempt to seize powers. Many of his supporters are wealthy
:07:08. > :07:12.residents. They see politics as being hopelessly corrupted by the
:07:13. > :07:18.former Prime Minister, Thaksin Shinawatra. Two weeks ago the courts
:07:19. > :07:22.forced Thaksin Shinawatra's sister to step down. More will depend on
:07:23. > :07:28.how the government supporters respond to the army's move. There is
:07:29. > :07:31.an almost eerie calm here. Many of the soldiers have returned to
:07:32. > :07:38.barracks, on the surface, at least, this is a very discreet form of
:07:39. > :07:44.martial law. Having decided to step in, the onus is now very much on the
:07:45. > :07:53.Thai military to try and broker some sort of way out of Thailand's
:07:54. > :07:56.political crisis. The other news: Bosnian officials say more than a
:07:57. > :08:02.quarter of the population has been left without clean water after
:08:03. > :08:05.severe flooding across many parts of former Yugoslavia. The rain has
:08:06. > :08:08.stopped. There are fears that dead livestock could pose a health hazard
:08:09. > :08:11.as the weather warms up. More than half a million people have been
:08:12. > :08:18.forced out of their homes across the region. The United States says the
:08:19. > :08:21.CIA ended the use of vaccine programmes in it is spying
:08:22. > :08:25.operations in Pakistan in August because of concern for the safety of
:08:26. > :08:29.health workers. Genetic material obtained through a fake door-to-door
:08:30. > :08:32.vaccination campaign reportedly helped the CIA track down Osama bin
:08:33. > :08:36.Laden. Pakistan is now in the grip of a polio crisis partly because
:08:37. > :08:39.health workers and vaccine programmes have been killed by the
:08:40. > :08:43.Pakistani Taliban. A freight train has crashed into a passenger train
:08:44. > :08:49.just outside Moscow, killing at least six people and injuring
:08:50. > :08:53.dozens. According to officials, carriages on the goods train
:08:54. > :08:57.derailed and hit the passenger train on its way to Chisinau in Moldova.
:08:58. > :09:03.The cause of the crash has not yet been established. Traffic on the
:09:04. > :09:07.line, which also serves Kiev an Ukraine, has also been suspended. A
:09:08. > :09:10.31-year-old man has become the first person in the UK to be convicted of
:09:11. > :09:14.terrorist offences in connection with the conflict of Syria. Father
:09:15. > :09:22.of two, Mashudur Choudhury, was convicted of engaging in conduct in
:09:23. > :09:27.preparation for terrorist acts after travelling to Syria to attend a
:09:28. > :09:28.terrorist training camp. With me now is Jonathan Russell from the
:09:29. > :09:29.counter-extremism think-tank, The Quilliam Foundation. Tell me
:09:30. > :09:30.something about how counter-extremism think-tank, The
:09:31. > :09:35.Quilliam Foundation. Tell the case against Choudhury was developed? Is
:09:36. > :09:41.was develop It ed through his social media activity. This is interesting
:09:42. > :09:47.to us. Not only because it's the first conviction of a Britton for
:09:48. > :09:52.terrorism-related activity in relation to the Syria conflict, also
:09:53. > :10:02.because we see again the use of the internet and the use of social media
:10:03. > :10:08.in his radicalisation. -- Briton. Is that a common theme? Certainly. We
:10:09. > :10:11.released a report about countering extremism online. Looking at the
:10:12. > :10:16.state of extremism and the best ways to counter it. We see actually
:10:17. > :10:23.online is simply a continuation of offline these days. Therefore,
:10:24. > :10:28.radicalisation does not solely happen online, we can pick up
:10:29. > :10:33.certain signals from online behaviour and, crucially, we can use
:10:34. > :10:38.the internet to spread counter speech and spread counter narratives
:10:39. > :10:42.to combat extremism and terrorism-related offences. How can
:10:43. > :10:45.you spread that? Say the Home Office or police departments may want to
:10:46. > :10:49.get out the message that, you know, if you go to Syria and come back
:10:50. > :10:52.after fighting, we will arrest you. They are not credible with the kind
:10:53. > :10:55.of young men who will go out to fight? Of course. That is why there
:10:56. > :11:01.needs to be a combination of efforts. This conviction acts as a
:11:02. > :11:05.stick, if you like, to act as a disincentive for people to go and
:11:06. > :11:10.fight. The legal precedent, of course, to convict people who fight
:11:11. > :11:15.alongside terrorist groups in countries like Syria has existed
:11:16. > :11:22.since the 2000 and the 2006 Terrorism Act. But the efforts must
:11:23. > :11:26.also be added to with preventative measures. What we are suggesting is
:11:27. > :11:32.online preventative measures. We get a combination of public sector,
:11:33. > :11:35.private-sector and third sector initiatives together to improve
:11:36. > :11:40.effectiveness with these counter marrives. How much effective use of
:11:41. > :11:44.social ya media do you see from Muslim elders, from those within the
:11:45. > :11:48.community who might get listened to, it's those voices you need online
:11:49. > :11:54.with a different narrative, doesn't it? Occasionally. We see a change,
:11:55. > :11:58.in fact, perhaps 20 years ago the elders in the communities might have
:11:59. > :12:02.been useful to this. We see that as a cause of the problem, rather than
:12:03. > :12:06.a solution. We see now that third generation are the ones who are
:12:07. > :12:10.disenfranchised with their fathers or grandfathers who perhaps are in
:12:11. > :12:15.control of the mosques and who are the so-called community leaders.
:12:16. > :12:20.They want to surge ahead themselves and create their own political
:12:21. > :12:26.consciousness and solve their own identity crisis. Onto their ground?
:12:27. > :12:32.We have to engage with young British Muslims. The overwhelming majority
:12:33. > :12:36.going to fight in Syria are young British, 18-25-year-olds, who care
:12:37. > :12:39.about this crisis, as much as I do. Jonathan Russell, we have to leave
:12:40. > :12:43.it there. Thank you for coming in to talk us through that. The search has
:12:44. > :12:47.resumed for four British sailors who have been missing in the Atlantic
:12:48. > :12:53.since Friday. The US Coastguard confirmed it began searching again
:12:54. > :12:58.after an online petition gathered 200,000 signatures. The yacht,
:12:59. > :13:19.Cheeky Rafiki, was sailing back from a regret a in the Caribbean. They
:13:20. > :13:28.got into difficulty 1,000 miles off Cape Cod. Dame Ellen MacArthur, who
:13:29. > :13:34.twice broke the world record for the fastest solo circumnavigation of the
:13:35. > :13:39.globe, told the BBC she backed the families' push for a renewed search.
:13:40. > :13:44.Obviously, in looking for the boat itself, they would have been looking
:13:45. > :13:47.for the life raft. There is a slim chance they would have missed it.
:13:48. > :13:50.There is a chance. I think that is what so many people have come
:13:51. > :13:54.together behind, that little chance. If there is a hope, if will is a
:13:55. > :14:01.chance, we should take that and see if we can find them one more time.
:14:02. > :14:05.The United Nations Refugee Agency says at least 10,000 people have
:14:06. > :14:10.been displaced from their homes in Ukraine since the crisis there
:14:11. > :14:16.started. Most of them are ethnic Tatars who left Crimea. In the east
:14:17. > :14:21.meanwhile, pro-Kiev drivers have been honking their horns today in
:14:22. > :14:31.support of UEFA Cup unity calls from the powerful Ukrainian business
:14:32. > :14:35.tycoon, Rinat Akhmetov. This is a new, very noisy strategy by those
:14:36. > :14:40.who are against what is happening here in eastern Ukraine at the
:14:41. > :14:45.moment. They are angry at the political separatismle they
:14:46. > :14:49.moment. They are angry at the angry at the attempts to succeed
:14:50. > :14:53.from Ukraine. They are angry at the groups roaming through the streets
:14:54. > :14:58.of this region. This whole thing had been planned to be a peaceful rally
:14:59. > :15:03.in this city, a couple of hours drive from here in Donetsk. Tens of
:15:04. > :15:10.thousands planning to take part. It had to be called
:15:11. > :15:13.thousands planning to take part. It march. Now we had a call by a big
:15:14. > :15:19.steel company, the largest march. Now we had a call by a big
:15:20. > :15:23.Donetsk, every day at 12 noon people should come out in their cars, sound
:15:24. > :15:25.their horns and show their dissatisfaction with what is
:15:26. > :15:27.happening. These are people who are determined to take part in the
:15:28. > :15:32.Presidential election this determined to take part in the
:15:33. > :15:34.Determined to be part of a united Ukraine, the other side as to what
:15:35. > :15:38.we have seen up until now from those Ukraine, the other side as to what
:15:39. > :15:50.proseparatist groups. They are determined to have their voices
:15:51. > :15:53.the Russian president Vladimir Putin has been meeting his Chinese
:15:54. > :15:57.President Putin told Chinese state media that expanding cooperation
:15:58. > :15:58.with China is his country's diplomatic priority.
:15:59. > :16:02.He described China as a reliable friend and Russia's
:16:03. > :16:10.It's believed the two countries could sign a major gas deal,
:16:11. > :16:12.although Mr Putin's spokesman says they've yet to agree a price.
:16:13. > :16:26.The summit is meant to be all about improving security and stability
:16:27. > :16:30.across the whole of Asia but it is one relationship in particular that
:16:31. > :16:35.is attracting key attention. With the Russian president feeling the
:16:36. > :16:41.cold shoulder of Western diplomacy, makes his arrival here in Shanghai
:16:42. > :16:44.be a chance to seek the shelter of China's Warman brace? On the eve of
:16:45. > :17:00.the summit, President Putin was quoted as saying...
:17:01. > :17:09.This is a summit in which the body language and presentation matter. In
:17:10. > :17:14.fact, China is investing a great deal NX system S, pretty much
:17:15. > :17:20.shutting down Shanghai, ordering schools and businesses home for the
:17:21. > :17:25.day. But despite the sense of warm ties, you can be sure that behind
:17:26. > :17:32.the scenes some of the old tensions will be lurking. The Russia-China
:17:33. > :17:36.relationship may not be as warm as it seems. With its European gas
:17:37. > :17:44.market suddenly under threat over the problems of Ukraine there is
:17:45. > :17:50.talk that Moscow is ready to sign an agreement to pump huge quantities of
:17:51. > :17:55.gas to China. It was all smiles today as they signed a number of
:17:56. > :18:00.trade pacts at no sign yet of that gas deal. Some suggest that behind
:18:01. > :18:07.the scenes, Beijing is using Moscow's desperation for upmarket to
:18:08. > :18:13.drive a hard price. Amidst the tight security, efforts to strengthen
:18:14. > :18:14.regionwide security which may be harder than the public
:18:15. > :18:19.pronouncements suggest. As Russia builds up its ties in
:18:20. > :18:22.the East, there's been an obvious cooling of relations with the West -
:18:23. > :18:26.notably over Ukraine - that has left many European countries very
:18:27. > :18:28.anxious to end their reliance One much touted option is fracking -
:18:29. > :18:32.the controversial process of fracturing rock under high
:18:33. > :18:35.pressure to release oil and gas But opposition throughout
:18:36. > :18:40.Europe is fierce. A survey released here in the UK
:18:41. > :18:45.today found support So let's bring you some of the facts
:18:46. > :18:50.of fracking with independent scientist Professor Richard Davies
:18:51. > :19:05.of Durham University, who joins us Thank you for being with us. From
:19:06. > :19:10.your research, why do people tend to be concerned about fracking?
:19:11. > :19:15.Lots of people have seen evocative images of people lighting gas as it
:19:16. > :19:19.comes out of taps in the United States. It is important to add that
:19:20. > :19:25.they could like this gas before racking even started. But that sort
:19:26. > :19:30.of imagery travels around really quickly and gets people concerned
:19:31. > :19:35.that racking his cause in water contamination. Also, as we know in
:19:36. > :19:40.the UK, there had been an earthquake in the UK of 2.3 magnitude that was
:19:41. > :19:46.caused by fracking and that obviously gets people concerned.
:19:47. > :19:51.When you think about the UK as a pretty friendly island. When he
:19:52. > :19:55.compared it to the United States were fracking takes place but a
:19:56. > :20:01.completely different scale. That's right but there are parts of
:20:02. > :20:09.the United States that are similar to the United Kingdom. But we have
:20:10. > :20:13.quite a compact island and the widespread open places the US has an
:20:14. > :20:18.necessarily available here. You have travelled around Eastern
:20:19. > :20:25.Europe. Where have you seen potential for fracking and concerned
:20:26. > :20:35.for the public? Bulgaria and Ukraine may be
:20:36. > :20:41.appropriate. Romania is barely on -- very early on in the process and
:20:42. > :20:51.Ukraine are also looking at it. How important is it as a source?
:20:52. > :20:58.It could be important but it is incredibly important also to say
:20:59. > :21:04.that many more wells would needs to be drilled. There are rocks under
:21:05. > :21:11.ground that are theoretical. These volumes of gas people talk about our
:21:12. > :21:15.theoretical and until some in producers economically and with
:21:16. > :21:22.permission of society, those numbers should be treated with caution.
:21:23. > :21:24.How close are we to fracking being a significant source of energy in the
:21:25. > :21:29.UK? It has been a slow process in the
:21:30. > :21:35.UK. There are two wells in the last three years which is not a quick
:21:36. > :21:41.development. It may take 20, up to 40 wells to see whether the rocks
:21:42. > :21:46.really are appropriate and that they are maybe we will see more activity.
:21:47. > :22:03.Rock Around the Clock, widely considered to be the song
:22:04. > :22:06.that brough rock n' roll into the mainstream, turns 60 today.
:22:07. > :22:08.To celebrate, the BBC has produced this cover version to
:22:09. > :22:15.With me is the Radio 2 and 6 Music journalist and presenter Matt
:22:16. > :22:24.Everitt who plays drums on latest version of Rock Around The Clock.
:22:25. > :22:36.Yes, that's me playing the drums. It is like being asked to paint the
:22:37. > :22:40.Mona Lisa again. It sounds all right, I think.
:22:41. > :22:43.It is a very good thing to bring into the programme and it is
:22:44. > :22:48.something that keeps coming back into public consciousness.
:22:49. > :22:56.There is an enormously important song. It was the first rock 'n' roll
:22:57. > :23:02.song to enter public consciousness. It inspired countless generations of
:23:03. > :23:12.musicians, Elvis, Led Zeppelin, they all heard Rock Around The Clock. It
:23:13. > :23:20.doesn't sound like anything else, even to this day. It has a swing to
:23:21. > :23:27.it. It hasn't aged at all. Bill Haley is not your most likely
:23:28. > :23:33.trailblazer. That's right. He didn't have the
:23:34. > :23:42.songwriting skills of Buddy Holly or craziness of Little Richard. He was
:23:43. > :23:49.quite chubby looking but there is something about the track and it was
:23:50. > :23:57.captured in just two takes. It was the other side of the desk.
:23:58. > :24:02.It wasn't even going to be be a side and it wasn't until it was used in a
:24:03. > :24:16.film that it became the soundtrack to teenage rebellion.
:24:17. > :24:24.Seeing it as an anthem, I do have to think about the kind of yours it
:24:25. > :24:32.came after -- years. There had been other rock 'n'
:24:33. > :24:38.came after -- years. singles at nothing like this. It's
:24:39. > :24:45.just a ridiculously energetic song. The guitar solo especially is just
:24:46. > :24:52.off the hook. He can hear traces of that in Jimi Hendrix and
:24:53. > :24:57.off the hook. He can hear traces of capture some of the energy and some
:24:58. > :24:59.of the virtuosity. Even though it was just knocked out which is why it
:25:00. > :25:10.sounds so great. And British listeners can hear that
:25:11. > :25:12.documentary on BBC Radio York two. Yes and the effects are still being
:25:13. > :25:16.heard to this day. Yes and the effects are still being
:25:17. > :25:21.I like that John Lennon said this is the moment it all started.
:25:22. > :25:26.Yes, the Beatles talk very much about being inspired by that song.
:25:27. > :25:30.But you could say the same of Dave Gilmour from Pink Floyd. It is far
:25:31. > :25:35.reaching in so many ways and doesn't matter that Bill Haley didn't write
:25:36. > :25:41.it himself or had a few hits after that. That's where it all started
:25:42. > :25:47.and where rock 'n' roll inspired everybody to become a musician and
:25:48. > :25:51.try to create that garage sounding racket and energetic sound.
:25:52. > :25:53.Hopefully we have done it justice, I hope we have. It was good to hear
:25:54. > :25:59.from you and speak to you. Police in Nigeria say
:26:00. > :26:04.at least 46 people have been killed in two explosions in
:26:05. > :26:11.the central Nigerian city of Jos. A journalist counted
:26:12. > :26:13.at least 38 bodies at It is not known who's responsible
:26:14. > :26:33.for the blasts but the Islamist militant group Boko Haram has
:26:34. > :27:02.carried out a spate It has been another day of contrasts
:27:03. > :27:04.across the British Isles and looks like it will be something similar
:27:05. > :27:05.across the course of