:00:00. > :00:00.This is BBC World News Today with me Kasia Madera.
:00:00. > :00:08.US President Barack Obama says he will send 200 military advisers
:00:09. > :00:17.Obama's comments come as Iraqi government forces battle Sunni
:00:18. > :00:26.militants for control of the country's biggest oil refinery.
:00:27. > :00:34.US President makes clear US intervention be limited. American
:00:35. > :00:38.forces will not be returning to combat, but we will help Iraqis as
:00:39. > :00:40.they take the fight to the terrorists.
:00:41. > :00:43.Spain's new king, Felipe VI, calls for ?a new Spain we will
:00:44. > :00:46.build together? as he is sworn in at a ceremony in Madrid.
:00:47. > :00:52.The moment eleven days of misery came to an end as a German
:00:53. > :00:58.cave explorer is rescued from the darkness in Bavaria.
:00:59. > :01:01.It's do or die in the World Cup as Uruguay and England fans prepare
:01:02. > :01:17.for their sides' crunch match in Sao Paulo.
:01:18. > :01:28.Within the last hour, President Obama has announced that the US is
:01:29. > :01:31.sending up to 300 military advisers to Iraq to help the Iraqi army
:01:32. > :01:36.But he stressed US troops were not returning to combat.
:01:37. > :01:39.On-the-ground fighting between the two sides is continuing.
:01:40. > :01:41.There's confusion over who's in control of
:01:42. > :01:48.Although the black flags of ISIS are reported to be flying
:01:49. > :01:52.above the plant in Bayji, it's still not clear if they're
:01:53. > :02:03.Let?s hear what President Obama said at the White House a short time ago.
:02:04. > :02:10.We have had and advisers in Iraq through our embassy and we are
:02:11. > :02:15.prepared to send a small number of military advisers, up to 300, to
:02:16. > :02:21.assess how we can best trained, advice and support Iraqi security
:02:22. > :02:26.forces. American forces will not be returning to combat in Iraq. But we
:02:27. > :02:43.will help Iraqis as they take the fight to the terrorists. He has only
:02:44. > :02:47.just started speaking. -- finish. He was adamant she stressed these
:02:48. > :02:53.aren't troops returning to Iraq. -- to stress.
:02:54. > :02:58.After intense negotiations, the conclusion from President Obama
:02:59. > :03:04.seems to be that this is not America's fight. He gave the caveat
:03:05. > :03:10.that if the situation changes, there could be limited action perhaps in
:03:11. > :03:13.the form of air strikes that has been discussed by the national
:03:14. > :03:19.security team. He said he would discuss with Congress if that was
:03:20. > :03:24.the case. But he said it twice, American combat troops are not
:03:25. > :03:27.returning to Iraq. For the moment, the president seems to have made a
:03:28. > :03:33.decision that it is not in America's national-security
:03:34. > :03:39.interests. He was very adamant that this is not
:03:40. > :03:43.a military battle, it is a political one, calling us directly to the
:03:44. > :03:46.Iraqi Government saying that their leaders must rise against their
:03:47. > :03:52.differences. There is clearly a military battle
:03:53. > :03:56.on the ground between the insurgents, but what the president
:03:57. > :04:01.wants to stress is that there must be a political solution. He says
:04:02. > :04:05.they are continuing to give advice to the Iraqis and they have done
:04:06. > :04:11.since American forces withdrew and his message right now is we have
:04:12. > :04:15.told you all along that you have to have an inclusive government, you
:04:16. > :04:20.cannot come now that there is a crisis and expect a military
:04:21. > :04:25.solution from America. The pressure from Washington on Baghdad is
:04:26. > :04:30.political. The other thing that he mentioned
:04:31. > :04:39.was that it was not the place for America to choose a rack's leaders.
:04:40. > :04:43.-- Iraq's. Yes, he said the whole point of
:04:44. > :04:50.installing democracy there was that we should give Iraqis the chance to
:04:51. > :04:55.pick her own government. He also said America did not have a role to
:04:56. > :05:08.take sides between Sunnis and Shias. He made an agreed reference
:05:09. > :05:14.to the initial intervention in Iraq back in 2003 saying, the one thing
:05:15. > :05:20.we have learnt is that there is a need to ask hard questions before
:05:21. > :05:24.the US takes military action abroad. Clearly, his security team deciding
:05:25. > :05:32.that the moment has not come. Thank you.
:05:33. > :05:35.President Obama just finishing speaking on that announcement.
:05:36. > :05:38.Well, Iraq is home to three main sectarian groups:
:05:39. > :05:42.The research group D3 Systems interviewed 2,200 Iraqis and asked
:05:43. > :05:46.them whether they were satisfied with how democracy is working.
:05:47. > :05:50.The survey found that 63% of Kurds, who are mainly in the
:05:51. > :05:54.semi-autonomous Kurdish region in the north, were satisfied with the
:05:55. > :06:03.This compared to 46% of Shia Arabs, the biggest group in the country
:06:04. > :06:05.who were widely marginalised under the rule of former dictator Saddam
:06:06. > :06:09.Hussein, and only 15% of Sunni Muslims, who say they have been
:06:10. > :06:21.sidelined since the 2003 US-led invasion, said they were satisfied.
:06:22. > :06:23.With me is Matthew Warshaw, Vice President of D3 Systems,
:06:24. > :06:30.the research company that carried out the survey.
:06:31. > :06:40.Thank you for joining us. The findings pretty much echo what we
:06:41. > :06:47.come to expect in the way that Iraq is divided into its groups. We have
:06:48. > :06:53.been watching this for many years, doing pollen from 2004. But from
:06:54. > :07:00.2002 until recently, we have seen increasing dissatisfaction amongst
:07:01. > :07:04.Sunni Arabs while Kurds are increasingly isolated and not being
:07:05. > :07:06.part of central government and only the Shia population feeling any eye
:07:07. > :07:18.in -- One thing being stressed by Obama is
:07:19. > :07:23.that the government is to work for everybody. But your survey found
:07:24. > :07:28.that the different groups have different needs and perceptions of
:07:29. > :07:35.where their country is going. This is a huge political crisis that is
:07:36. > :07:39.overlaid over economic and social and ethnic tensions. The Kurds have
:07:40. > :07:43.a much more secure region that they are living in, not as worried about
:07:44. > :07:51.security, more worried about economic pressures. But Shias are
:07:52. > :07:56.more concerned about services such as electricity and four Sunnis the
:07:57. > :08:03.overwhelming concern is security. -- and for.
:08:04. > :08:09.And whether they will be safe in the future. One other question you asked
:08:10. > :08:21.is whether you believe decisions made by the Iraqi Government are...
:08:22. > :08:26.Again, very different aspirations. Very different. Once again, the
:08:27. > :08:28.Sunnis other least likely to feel that decisions made by central
:08:29. > :08:35.Government are legitimate and binding. The Kurds are also somewhat
:08:36. > :08:41.discouraged by. Only the Shias feel there is some it is a must see.
:08:42. > :08:47.There is an enormous political problem. -- some legitimacy.
:08:48. > :08:51.Only Iraqis can provide that. They need to be the ones that come
:08:52. > :08:57.together and find a way to include these different groups and finally
:08:58. > :09:02.government that can represent everyone. Nouri al-Maliki is having
:09:03. > :09:10.meetings with different groups, but it feels a little late. It may be.
:09:11. > :09:16.The elections gave his party 92 seats, but he needs 163 to have a
:09:17. > :09:21.majority. It is not clear that other Shia parties would line up with him.
:09:22. > :09:26.Whether or not he can bring together a coalition for 163 votes is the
:09:27. > :09:30.question. Thank you. We Shell watch and wait. It has been fascinating.
:09:31. > :09:40.-- we says Russia has moved more
:09:41. > :09:46.troops to the Ukrainian border. NATO's Secretary General,
:09:47. > :09:48.Anders Fogh Rasmussen, said several thousand more soldiers
:09:49. > :09:50.had been deployed. He said that is a matter
:09:51. > :10:05.for grave concern. NATO: Russia to stop the flow of
:10:06. > :10:09.weapons. To stop the flow of weapons from
:10:10. > :10:16.Russia to separatist groups in eastern Ukraine. We call on Russia
:10:17. > :10:23.to stop the support for pro-Russian armed gangs in eastern Ukraine and
:10:24. > :10:32.recall Russia to stop is stabilising the situation and engage in a
:10:33. > :10:39.constructive manner with the political leadership. -- and we call
:10:40. > :10:44.on Russia to. Fighting is still raging in eastern
:10:45. > :10:56.Ukraine as the Army battles pro-Russian insurgents. Daniel
:10:57. > :11:02.Sandford is in the city of Luhansk. We have had a reasonably quiet 24
:11:03. > :11:09.hours until recently. There has been a grim exchange of bodies by the two
:11:10. > :11:14.sides. The Ukrainian army and the rebels handing back the debt to the
:11:15. > :11:20.other side, so that they can be given a burial. That is what has
:11:21. > :11:24.been going on for the last 24-hour is. That said, there have been
:11:25. > :11:31.reports recently of some quite heavy fighting breaking out in a heavily
:11:32. > :11:36.fortified town to the north of Donetsk. Here we have not seen
:11:37. > :11:41.fighting today, but we have seen lots and lots of evidence of the
:11:42. > :11:48.aftermath of fighting. One of the things that has happened today is
:11:49. > :11:52.that the leadership of the Donetsk People's Republic have been
:11:53. > :11:59.appealing in Moscow saying they feel they are outnumbered and are looking
:12:00. > :12:04.to Moscow for support. Of course, it is a difficult
:12:05. > :12:08.situation there. The question over the troops, over the Russian troops
:12:09. > :12:14.being brought back to the Ukrainian border which will be very
:12:15. > :12:19.inflammatory, as well. Yes, it is. I think there is no
:12:20. > :12:24.doubt now that our Russian troops building up on the other side of the
:12:25. > :12:30.border. The reasons for that aren't clear. In fact, they are paid. NATO
:12:31. > :12:34.were saying that they were hoping that it might mean that Russia is
:12:35. > :12:40.trying to control the border batter, trying to prevent weaponry and
:12:41. > :12:47.people coming to help the fight is here coming across the border. But
:12:48. > :12:51.there are noises coming out of Moscow suggesting through sources,
:12:52. > :12:56.nothing to direct, that the build-up of troops is to apply pressure on TF
:12:57. > :13:07.after the Russian embassy in the year was of course attacked at the
:13:08. > :13:14.weekend. -- on Kiev. One thing that is certain is that if
:13:15. > :13:18.this tension keeps building, lots more people will die here and many
:13:19. > :13:22.of them will be civilians. What everybody needs to be doing is
:13:23. > :13:30.getting around the table and trying to get right things and we do not
:13:31. > :13:35.see much sign of that. TRANSLATION: Were disadvantaged in numbers of
:13:36. > :13:43.troops and lose in terms of armaments. -- we are. They have
:13:44. > :13:47.another big advantage, the support of the West, which justifies all of
:13:48. > :13:53.their actions, absolutely all, no matter how absurd.
:13:54. > :14:01.You can see there that that requests for assistance from the Russians not
:14:02. > :14:04.really a sign of people trying to de-escalate things. Back to you.
:14:05. > :14:06.Thank you. Spain's new king, Felipe VI,
:14:07. > :14:08.has called for unity and respect for diversity, at
:14:09. > :14:13.a swearing-in ceremony in Madrid. It was a low-key event,
:14:14. > :14:16.at a time of austerity and hardship for many Spaniards and when the
:14:17. > :14:19.country is threatened by a growing Spain's first royal succession
:14:20. > :14:23.follows the abdication of his father, King Juan Carlos,
:14:24. > :14:28.earlier this month. The BBC's Chris Morris has been
:14:29. > :14:39.watching events in Madrid. The morning after the night before,
:14:40. > :14:44.the world champions may be out of the World Cup, but Spain has a new
:14:45. > :14:51.king. This is the start of a new era.
:14:52. > :14:56.Felipe VI received a red sash from the outgoing king, his father. It
:14:57. > :15:01.signifies the rank of Captain General, the highest rank in the
:15:02. > :15:06.Spanish army. Then to parliament where he was sworn in as head of
:15:07. > :15:11.state. There were no foreign leaders
:15:12. > :15:15.present, no coronation, this has been a day of deliberately
:15:16. > :15:22.restrained ceremony. In the most important speech of his life, the
:15:23. > :15:27.King appealed for unity without playing down the challenges that he
:15:28. > :15:34.and his country face after years of economic and constitutional crisis.
:15:35. > :15:37.TRANSLATION: I have communicated my sincere and honest feelings,
:15:38. > :15:43.convictions and commitments about Spain I identify with, one I love
:15:44. > :15:48.and aspire to. And the parliamentary monarchy I believe in. It has to be
:15:49. > :15:53.a renovated monarchy for new times. And then the moment many people were
:15:54. > :16:01.waiting for, the royal procession through the streets of Madrid. Here
:16:02. > :16:05.is the new king. This is the first royal succession in Spain since the
:16:06. > :16:10.restoration of democracy in the 1970s. Plenty of questions are being
:16:11. > :16:23.asked about whether the monarchy is the right institution to take this
:16:24. > :16:35.country forward. We have studies that say that monarchies are cheaper
:16:36. > :16:42.in fact than republics. I think that Felipe VI will be the king of all
:16:43. > :16:46.Spanish people. So I do not mind the Republic question. I think that
:16:47. > :16:54.monarchy now is the better option, the best option for Spain. Finally
:16:55. > :17:00.the appearance on the balcony of the Royal Palace. Waving to the
:17:01. > :17:04.assembled crowds. But this cannot be business as usual for the Spanish
:17:05. > :17:08.monarchy, and the new King seems to accept that. Now he has to deliver
:17:09. > :17:12.on his promise. There's been a dramatic rescue
:17:13. > :17:14.in Germany. Johann Westhauser was trapped
:17:15. > :17:17.for 11 days in the Riesending cave, which is on the border of Austria
:17:18. > :17:20.and Germany. The Riesending cave in
:17:21. > :17:23.Southern Germany is the deepest Our Berlin Correspondent Stephen
:17:24. > :17:41.Evans has the story. 11 days trapped underground, but now
:17:42. > :17:46.it is over. Sometimes you hand best Hauser has been squeezed through the
:17:47. > :17:54.tightest gaps. -- Johann Westhauser. It has been inch by inch. Up from a
:17:55. > :18:00.whole 1000 metres deep. There was tension among the rescuers right to
:18:01. > :18:04.the end. TRANSLATION: I have the joy his duty to let you know that the
:18:05. > :18:09.injured man has no arrived at the clinic in a good state and we have
:18:10. > :18:19.managed to fulfil the essential aim of the operation. The complex of
:18:20. > :18:25.caves in the Alps is on the border with Germany and Austria. But there
:18:26. > :18:30.are dangerous drops, sometimes 300 metres straight down. The caves
:18:31. > :18:37.stretched horizontally to the injured man. 200 people had been
:18:38. > :18:46.involved in the rescue, helicopters have constantly ferried supplies to
:18:47. > :18:53.the top of the mountain, where a tiny hall gives access to the caves.
:18:54. > :18:54.Cavers normally take out insurance, but this will go nowhere near
:18:55. > :19:00.covering the operation. As temperatures rise in the UK
:19:01. > :19:03.and Europe, thousands of people are expected to flock to holiday resorts
:19:04. > :19:06.to soak up the summer sun. But new research reveals that
:19:07. > :19:09.the sun's rays can be addictive and can give frequent sunbathers
:19:10. > :19:12.a fix, much like heroin or morphine Well, Dr David Fisher
:19:13. > :19:29.from the Harvard Medical School is Thank you for joining us. You are
:19:30. > :19:37.suggesting that the sun is as addictive as heroin? It appears to
:19:38. > :19:48.activate the same response, the opiate response, in the skin. It
:19:49. > :19:59.creates a molecule which is our body's one version of the opiates.
:20:00. > :20:04.Feel-good hormones? Yes, the study did not measure the euphoric sayyid
:20:05. > :20:19.of it, but it measured the addictive qualities -- the euphoric effects of
:20:20. > :20:24.it. A dependency would occur if we suddenly interrupted this, they
:20:25. > :20:31.would be withdrawal symptoms, shaking and things of that nature,
:20:32. > :20:35.due to the effect of EV radiation. We know that the sun and
:20:36. > :20:40.overexposure can be dangerous for our skin, but what you are saying is
:20:41. > :20:52.that it is addictive and we need to treat it with care? That is right.
:20:53. > :20:56.It suggests that the strategy to break the sun seeking behaviour may
:20:57. > :20:59.be more than a simple casual discussion but perhaps something
:21:00. > :21:13.that recognises that there can be the behavioural influence of
:21:14. > :21:17.carrying -- influences or carrying. There have been studies that have
:21:18. > :21:20.been carried out in people to suggest that there are addictive
:21:21. > :21:25.features. I think that this helps us to understand without happily exist
:21:26. > :21:31.and perhaps that these would be regulated in a different way if the
:21:32. > :21:38.process is activating a potent addiction like mechanisms in people.
:21:39. > :21:42.You were using mace, critics have said that these were nocturnal
:21:43. > :21:55.animals, they do not usually suffer from sun exposure. -- mice. What
:21:56. > :22:03.conclusive results can you then take away from these mice and give to
:22:04. > :22:07.humans? Any studies done outside of humans have to be validated in
:22:08. > :22:11.people and the direct impact of that must be carefully analysed before it
:22:12. > :22:14.is assumed to be absolutely identical. There are several key
:22:15. > :22:20.features which we do to be quite confident that we can -- that what
:22:21. > :22:38.we are looking at is very similar if not identical. There is evidence
:22:39. > :22:44.that UV responses in the skin are very similar, again, if not
:22:45. > :22:58.identical in mice as they iron men. Mice, even though they are fiery,
:22:59. > :23:03.they still tan, -- furry. It was important was that the doses of UV
:23:04. > :23:08.that we used were very low doses. These were not inflammatory doses,
:23:09. > :23:16.these were very low, because we did not want to look at the effects at
:23:17. > :23:22.an unusual exposure of UV. We are so sorry, we're out of time. But thank
:23:23. > :23:23.you for that very serious message, be careful of the sun, it is
:23:24. > :23:26.addictive. Now to the World Cup
:23:27. > :23:28.and another big footballing nation could be following Spain towards
:23:29. > :23:31.the exit door later. England kick off against Uruguay
:23:32. > :23:33.in Sao Paulo shortly, The early game,which has just
:23:34. > :23:38.finished, saw the two unbeaten teams from Group C, Colombia and
:23:39. > :23:53.Ivory Coast, in action. It was a clash at the top of group
:23:54. > :23:58.C. Emotions were running high, with both teams unbeaten so far. It
:23:59. > :24:04.opened at blistering pace, end-to-end play with both sides
:24:05. > :24:11.getting in shots on goal. Ivory Coast also had a chance. And then
:24:12. > :24:20.this move almost put Colombia in the lead. In the second half, the goals
:24:21. > :24:30.came. A superb header from this corner saw the South Americans call
:24:31. > :24:35.one nil ahead. Then this call from the substitute. But Ivory Coast came
:24:36. > :24:40.back and produced a spectacular goal. They kept the pressure on rate
:24:41. > :24:43.until the end, but it was not enough will stop Colombia two, Ivory Coast
:24:44. > :24:48.one. So coming up next, in just over half
:24:49. > :24:51.an hour, a must-win game for Uruguay and England after both teams lost
:24:52. > :24:53.their opening games. And the late game is another clash
:24:54. > :24:56.between first-round losers, Here in the UK 20 million people are
:24:57. > :25:07.expected to be glued to their sets So with anticipation building
:25:08. > :25:10.and nerves jangling, we leave you tonight with a bit of blatant bias,
:25:11. > :25:13.a patriotic call to arms! This special poem,
:25:14. > :25:15.penned and filmed by the poet Henry Birtles, harks back to the
:25:16. > :25:19.first and only time England won the Have we finally learnt our lesson,
:25:20. > :25:29.do we finally know the score. Has reality come home to roost
:25:30. > :25:33.and knocked on every door. In a land where blind conviction
:25:34. > :25:40.never ceases to amaze. When you weigh up all those barren
:25:41. > :25:42.years, Have we woken up with open eyes
:25:43. > :25:48.and seized the reins of truth. Are we reckoning on nothing;
:25:49. > :25:51.it?s the basement not the roof. Or yet once again has reason
:25:52. > :25:55.from our senses taken leave. Has it forced us to declare
:25:56. > :26:00.in hope; in England we believe. From the cobbled streets
:26:01. > :26:03.of Holmfirth, Can we see our Lions prowling,
:26:04. > :26:08.can we count upon these men. Will they interrupt the Samba
:26:09. > :26:12.and evoke the ghost of Moore. Will they burn out,
:26:13. > :26:14.will they whimper, From the Peckhams to the Beckhams,
:26:15. > :26:25.from The Bridge up to The Lane. From The Valley to The Cottage,
:26:26. > :26:28.is it four more years of pain. Are the car flags and the banners
:26:29. > :26:31.just reminders to forget. Or will Gerrard?s Cross find Rooney
:26:32. > :26:34.and will Rooney find the net. It?s that time again for all of us,
:26:35. > :26:38.that time when we unite. Let the Scots cry Argentina,
:26:39. > :26:42.let the hand of God be right. We won?t shy from blinkered passion,
:26:43. > :26:48.so it?s time we gave what for. From the Stretford End to Rovers,
:26:49. > :26:51.from the Hawthorns to Turf Moor. We will rally, we will gather,
:26:52. > :26:56.we will throw all colours in. For our Team and for our Country,
:26:57. > :26:59.for our Queen and for our kin. And when all is done and dusted and
:27:00. > :27:03.they?ve dragged us through the dirt. We?ll still celebrate the honour
:27:04. > :27:12.of Three Lions and The Shirt.