:00:00. > :00:00.This is BBC World News Today with me, Kasia Madera.
:00:00. > :00:23.tens of thousands are on the road, running from the militants
:00:24. > :00:27.Iraq's president has asked the deputy speaker
:00:28. > :00:38.of parliament to replace Nouri al-Maliki as prime minister.
:00:39. > :00:40.Turkey's Prime Minister becomes president.
:00:41. > :00:42.He says it's a victory for all Turks, but he wants
:00:43. > :00:47.We visit a hospital in London to see a procedure that uses cartilage
:00:48. > :00:56.to create ears for children that are born without them.
:00:57. > :01:00.Hello and welcome. We start with the crisis in Iraq.
:01:01. > :01:03.Are we seeing the beginning of the end of Nouri al-Maliki's
:01:04. > :01:07.He's determined to cling on for a third term in power,
:01:08. > :01:11.even though the country's president has now nominated this man,
:01:12. > :01:14.Haider al-Abadi, who's the Deputy Speaker of the House,
:01:15. > :01:20.All this as tens of thousands of Iraqis are tonight fleeing
:01:21. > :01:24.for their lives, desperate to avoid the advance of the Islamic State,
:01:25. > :01:29.Many are stranded here on a mountainside,
:01:30. > :01:34.and have been without the basics of life, proper food, water and
:01:35. > :01:44.shelter, for seven days or more. Nick Childs has this report.
:01:45. > :01:53.Leave in an desperate trek continues to some kind of safety. Some of the
:01:54. > :01:57.thousands of members of the Iraq's Yazidi minority, fleeing the ad van
:01:58. > :02:05.Sunday brutality of the sunny militant fighters now known as the
:02:06. > :02:08.Islamic State. I had to work halfway here alone. I have three children.
:02:09. > :02:15.This one is with me, but I have lost the others. I have not seen them or
:02:16. > :02:25.my husband. I walked from the Sinjar mountains to Syria, walking. We have
:02:26. > :02:30.the battle, sometimes, no more. In their anxiety to escape, some have
:02:31. > :02:34.crossed perilously into the Kurdish rebel held areas of neighbouring
:02:35. > :02:37.Syria, it's self a war wracked country where the Islamic State has
:02:38. > :02:41.a powerful hold. So, this camp may offer relative
:02:42. > :02:47.sanctuary for some, but certainly not real safety or a long-term
:02:48. > :02:52.future. With the help of US air strikes, and there was another major
:02:53. > :02:55.one late last evening, Kurdish forces in Iraq have retaken some
:02:56. > :02:59.ground from the militants in the North. Washington says it is now
:03:00. > :03:03.providing the Iraqi Kurdistan weapons directly, to try to turn the
:03:04. > :03:08.militants tied. But in their own videos, the militants have been
:03:09. > :03:13.parading their successes, and there is word they have also made a new
:03:14. > :03:16.advance further south, close to the capital, Baghdad. It is the
:03:17. > :03:20.humanitarian crisis of tens of thousands of Yazidis and other
:03:21. > :03:24.threatened Iraqi minorities that has refocused international concern and
:03:25. > :03:28.alarm on the threat posed by the Sunni militants, in Iraq and beyond.
:03:29. > :03:29.Western governments are still trying to grapple with and understand the
:03:30. > :03:31.scale of the challenge. As Iraqis continue to pour out of
:03:32. > :03:34.Islamic State territory, a political crisis is emerging in Baghdad, with
:03:35. > :03:37.a stand-off between the country's And, in a separate move,
:03:38. > :03:41.Washington said it had begun to send weapons to the Iraqi Kurdish forces
:03:42. > :03:45.to help them in the fight Our Diplomatic Correspondent
:03:46. > :04:02.Bridget Kendall has this report. Much-needed aid, being dropped from
:04:03. > :04:07.the US military planes to help trap Iraqi civilians as well as US air
:04:08. > :04:10.strikes on the militants on Islamic State who threaten them. But this
:04:11. > :04:18.crisis seems to be drawing the Americans in. Now, they have decided
:04:19. > :04:21.to arm the Kurdish forces directly. In Syria, supplying their allies
:04:22. > :04:26.with weapons was something the Americans wouldn't do in case they
:04:27. > :04:31.fell into the hands of extremists. But now, those same extremists,
:04:32. > :04:35.sweeping through Iraq, have got their hands on American heavy
:04:36. > :04:42.weaponry anyway, looted from fleeing Iraqi soldiers. They flaunt their
:04:43. > :04:46.war spoils jubilantly. The Kurds say unless they get more outside
:04:47. > :04:51.military support, they will be helpless to stop them. So far, we
:04:52. > :04:55.have been outgunned by the Islamic State, so this will help us to match
:04:56. > :04:59.that. Frankly, if this had been done in Syria, if there had been an
:05:00. > :05:02.intervention earlier in Syria, we wouldn't be seeing what we're seeing
:05:03. > :05:06.now in Iraq. From their original stronghold in
:05:07. > :05:11.northern Syria, Islamic fighters now control broad swathes of northern
:05:12. > :05:15.Iraq, and after capturing muzzle in the north, they moved south to towns
:05:16. > :05:18.like Tikrit, and now they are advancing east towards Kurdish
:05:19. > :05:23.areas. It is not all one-way, though. Yesterday, Peshmerga
:05:24. > :05:28.fighters retook to towns. But today, Islamic fighters reportedly seized
:05:29. > :05:35.the town of Jalawla. Most at risk are the non-Muslims they threaten to
:05:36. > :05:38.destroy, like the Iraqi Christians who fled Qaraquosh, and the ancient
:05:39. > :05:46.communities lately is Edies, stranded on the barren slopes of the
:05:47. > :05:54.Sinjar mountains. If they claim that they have seized the dam is
:05:55. > :05:59.confirmed, they could control water or flood whole regions. Furthermore,
:06:00. > :06:03.if they had taken the capital of US security relations, the biggest
:06:04. > :06:06.danger of all, if they could claim control of the capital of the
:06:07. > :06:10.country, Baghdad. And all of this attention there are rising. The city
:06:11. > :06:14.is paralysed by a row over who should lead the country's new
:06:15. > :06:18.government. This morning, the old Prime Minister, Nouri al-Maliki, but
:06:19. > :06:26.history is on the streets to back up his claim to stay on. In a counter
:06:27. > :06:29.move this new president, invited the deputies and a parliament to form a
:06:30. > :06:35.government instead, a move welcomed in London and Washington. Mr Nouri
:06:36. > :06:38.Al-Maliki and his supporters have declared it illegal, and while the
:06:39. > :06:46.bickering continues, the threat from Islamic State extremists edges
:06:47. > :06:48.closer. Let's pick up on some of those
:06:49. > :06:51.points. Laith Kubba is a former Iraqi
:06:52. > :06:53.government spokesman and is now with the
:06:54. > :06:55.National Endowment for Democracy. He joins us from
:06:56. > :07:01.our Washington studio. Washington has already said that
:07:02. > :07:04.they want to work with this new Iraqi government. What does this new
:07:05. > :07:14.potential leader have that Nouri Al-Maliki didn't? It is going to be,
:07:15. > :07:23.of course, an anxious 2448 hrs, but all indications are that the new
:07:24. > :07:26.nominee, high Dalai baddie, has the major support behind him, and there
:07:27. > :07:31.is a huge expectation and endorsement, so it is a positive
:07:32. > :07:35.moment. I think the only concern, if Nouri al-Maliki really digs in, he
:07:36. > :07:40.will rely on militias. It is extremely unlikely that anybody in
:07:41. > :07:45.the Iraqi army would side with him. And he has been described, the new
:07:46. > :07:49.man, as someone who is also a favourite of the Sunnis as well, so
:07:50. > :07:53.finally someone who will bring together all sides of the Iraqi
:07:54. > :07:58.government and Iraqi people. I think it is not a question of being
:07:59. > :08:01.favourite of the Sunnis. I think the policies of Nouri al-Maliki really
:08:02. > :08:07.alienate it everybody. He failed politically, he fails to
:08:08. > :08:11.Administration, he failed when all the reasons for success were given
:08:12. > :08:20.to him, and I think he is leaving behind Iraq in a dire situation, out
:08:21. > :08:25.of control. I think the new man has the skills, the political seasoning
:08:26. > :08:30.to make a fresh start. I hope that he would get the support from all
:08:31. > :08:34.political sides, all political groups, to get Iraq through this
:08:35. > :08:41.difficult spot. The list of tasks ahead of him are enormous. They are
:08:42. > :08:45.not easy, and they are not going to be handled lightly.
:08:46. > :08:49.The lists of tasks and is, as you say, enormous. We have this refugee
:08:50. > :08:58.crisis in the north of the country. What do you make of the help that
:08:59. > :09:02.the West is trying to provide? Will it be enough to stop Islamic State?
:09:03. > :09:07.I think the situation is far more complex than dropping bombs dropping
:09:08. > :09:12.aid. That situation emerged out of a complex regional dynamic that is
:09:13. > :09:17.taking place, and outs of months if not years of failed politics in
:09:18. > :09:23.Baghdad. So, to expect a quick fix is totally unrealistic. It will take
:09:24. > :09:29.months. The good news, it is doable. ISIS enjoys no support from
:09:30. > :09:34.any country or any constituency, not even the Sunnis. The only reason it
:09:35. > :09:38.rose to prominence and to existence is due to the failure of everybody
:09:39. > :09:43.else to do the right thing. Its strength comes from everybody
:09:44. > :09:47.else's weaknesses and failures. So I think once there is a new momentum
:09:48. > :09:52.in Baghdad, I am optimistic. It takes months, but it can be
:09:53. > :09:59.contained. They can be gotten rid of. Let's hope so.
:10:00. > :10:00.Thank you very much. We will continue to monitor the situation in
:10:01. > :10:02.Iraq. Let's move on now. Staying in the region,
:10:03. > :10:04.indirect talks between Israeli and Palestinian negotiators,
:10:05. > :10:06.aimed at finding a long-term solution to the conflict in Gaza,
:10:07. > :10:09.have been taking place in Egypt. After the bloodshed of recent weeks,
:10:10. > :10:12.there are signs of normal life returning to Gaza, as a three-day
:10:13. > :10:14.ceasefire continues to hold. Our correspondent, Yolande Knell,
:10:15. > :10:17.sent this report from the Rafa border crossing, where much-needed
:10:18. > :10:32.supplies are getting through. Supplies, rolling into Gaza today.
:10:33. > :10:39.Coming across the border from Israel. Most of this is bought by
:10:40. > :10:46.Palestinian businesses. And there is a too, but the Israelis imposed
:10:47. > :10:52.tight controls. -- aid. Almost no exploits leave here. Now, with talks
:10:53. > :10:57.about a longer term cease-fire deal back on in Cairo, maintaining
:10:58. > :11:00.Israel's security and lived in Gaza's blockade at the key demands.
:11:01. > :11:07.These lorries bringing goods into Gaza from Israel's only commercial
:11:08. > :11:11.crossing point, which is just down the road. Palestinians want it to be
:11:12. > :11:16.open more fully, so they can trade effectively. And then behind me, we
:11:17. > :11:20.have the Rafa crossing point with Egypt. It has been mostly closed to
:11:21. > :11:25.travellers for the past year, but Palestinians say it should be
:11:26. > :11:28.Gaza's gateway to the world. Currently, only those with foreign
:11:29. > :11:33.Gaza's gateway to the world. or residency can leave to Egypt.
:11:34. > :11:40.Gaza's gateway to the world. being pushed to make difficult
:11:41. > :11:44.compromises. TRANSLATION: We hope this crossing will be open full-time
:11:45. > :11:48.in both directions, so people can travel abroad and come to Gaza.
:11:49. > :11:54.Across Gaza, there are scenes of massive destruction. After five
:11:55. > :11:58.weeks of fighting with Israel. But now, a temporary truce is
:11:59. > :12:01.weeks of fighting with Israel. But families to think about rebuilding
:12:02. > :12:03.their lives. Many are returning to the neighbourhoods they fled. And
:12:04. > :12:09.not far away, some doing the same. Neighbours greet
:12:10. > :12:16.each other as they go back to their properties near the Gaza border.
:12:17. > :12:22.TRANSLATION: I am very happy. This is our home. We haven't been here
:12:23. > :12:33.for a month and two weeks. The challenge now is to build on this
:12:34. > :12:38.truce, so that the calm can last. Let's cross to Jerusalem, where our
:12:39. > :12:41.correspondent has more. So, the second three-day cease-fire. How
:12:42. > :12:46.confident are we that this one will hold? These are two parties who are
:12:47. > :12:50.mortal, bitter enemies, and the fact they are still talking in Cairo,
:12:51. > :12:54.Albion through Egyptian mediators, is a good sign. It also underlines
:12:55. > :12:58.the importance of getting something tangible and long-term health of
:12:59. > :13:02.these talks, because of course, nobody wants to be here in a few
:13:03. > :13:06.months and talking about yet another Gaza war. We have had four in the
:13:07. > :13:11.last ten years, so there is a lot of pressure on both sides to get
:13:12. > :13:15.something, however minimal, out of this, but there is also some
:13:16. > :13:18.pressure on the Israeli delegation, because there are many extreme
:13:19. > :13:21.members to the right of the government here who think that the
:13:22. > :13:26.Israeli delegation should not be in Cairo at all. They believe the only
:13:27. > :13:29.way to avoid a future conflict was to have militarily crushed Hamas,
:13:30. > :13:34.and they wanted their government and their army to continue the fight
:13:35. > :13:40.against Hamas in Gaza, even though that would have led to more civilian
:13:41. > :13:44.deaths, both in Gaza and of course, in Israel. So pressure from both
:13:45. > :13:46.sides, particularly on the Israeli delegation, and perhaps something
:13:47. > :13:50.hopes that some thing might come out of those Cairo talks before this
:13:51. > :13:52.latest cease-fire expires on Wednesday.
:13:53. > :13:53.For the time being, thank you very much.
:13:54. > :13:56.Now, Now a look at some of
:13:57. > :13:59.the day's other news. The World Health Organisation is
:14:00. > :14:01.holding a meeting of its medical ethics specialists, to
:14:02. > :14:03.explore the use of new, experimental They're considering
:14:04. > :14:06.two key questions: should a medicine that has never
:14:07. > :14:09.been tested be used, and if so, Close to 1,000 people have died
:14:10. > :14:13.of the virus in west Africa. As the violence
:14:14. > :14:15.in Ukraine continues, Russia is to send a humanitarian
:14:16. > :14:19.convoy to the east of the country, NATO had warned Russia might try to
:14:20. > :14:25.send its military into Ukraine under But Ukraine says they, and the US,
:14:26. > :14:32.approve of this plan. Protestors
:14:33. > :14:34.in South Africa have disrupted the testimony of the deputy president,
:14:35. > :14:38.Cyril Ramaphosa, at an inquiry into the fatal shooting of 34 striking
:14:39. > :14:44.miners by police two years ago. The protestors banged on tables
:14:45. > :14:49.at the hearing in Pretoria shouting Mr Ramaphosa was a director
:14:50. > :15:06.of the Lonmin company, which owns a court in Germany has begun hearing
:15:07. > :15:09.evidence in the case of the autobahn shooter, a man accused of firing
:15:10. > :15:14.more than 700 shots at vehicles on German motorways over five years.
:15:15. > :15:17.One woman was seriously injured, and numerous cars and lorries were
:15:18. > :15:20.damaged by bullet holes. The man told police that he was angry over
:15:21. > :15:25.bad or inconsiderate driving. He's been prime minister of Turkey
:15:26. > :15:28.since 2003 and now Recep Tayyip Erdogan has become the country's
:15:29. > :15:30.first directly elected president. He's hailed his victory
:15:31. > :15:33.as a new era for the country. And one
:15:34. > :15:35.of his first actions was to call for more powers for a role that, until
:15:36. > :15:55.now, has been largely ceremonial. He arrived for the crowning moment
:15:56. > :16:02.of his career. He won a decisive victory, delighting his fans. He is
:16:03. > :16:05.loved by his supporters for transforming the economy but hated
:16:06. > :16:12.by his critics for being an autocratic man. He struck a
:16:13. > :16:20.considerably toned. TRANSLATION: Today is the day we initiate a
:16:21. > :16:26.social reconciliation process. Please leave aside the old
:16:27. > :16:37.discussions, the old disputes and tensions. His rivals trailed far
:16:38. > :16:43.behind. A little-known diplomats. The fact he ran at all was momentous
:16:44. > :16:48.after 30 years of civil war between Turks and Kurds. As news broke of
:16:49. > :16:54.the victory, the celebrations began. He is remembered by critics for his
:16:55. > :17:01.attempts to ban YouTube and Twitter, and suppressing
:17:02. > :17:06.anti-government protest. He is fair to everyone and the country has
:17:07. > :17:08.developed many much. I am travelling to many towns because of my job and
:17:09. > :17:16.the country has developed unbelievably. In Ankara, the party
:17:17. > :17:22.went on well into the night. He has delighted his fans. Recep Tayyip
:17:23. > :17:27.Erdogan is revered here for giving up political voice. The challenge
:17:28. > :17:31.for him now is to reach out to the other half, the more westernised and
:17:32. > :17:40.more secular half, and unite this polarised nation. He will now try
:17:41. > :17:44.and increase the powers of the president. The result of this
:17:45. > :17:46.election was never really in doubt but whether he can succeed as
:17:47. > :17:55.president still is. With me is a Turkish political
:17:56. > :18:08.analyst who lectures at Can Recep Tayyip Erdogan reach out
:18:09. > :18:12.to a politically divided nation? During the election period, in his
:18:13. > :18:20.candidacy, E polarised the nation further by putting forward the idea
:18:21. > :18:25.that a group of people were not part of the Turkish make up. This led to
:18:26. > :18:28.uproar and further problems so it will be interesting to see what he
:18:29. > :18:33.does. However, he did put forward during his speech, as the incoming
:18:34. > :18:40.president yesterday evening, that he does want to bring together all
:18:41. > :18:50.Turkish citizens to be one nation. That will be an interesting sites to
:18:51. > :18:53.see because he is famous for polarising. This idea that the
:18:54. > :19:01.presidential role was mainly ceremonial, he once more powers,
:19:02. > :19:08.presidential role was mainly that worrying? It is worrying. He
:19:09. > :19:10.will lead Parliament and the government and he has the
:19:11. > :19:14.constitutional hacking to do this. government and he has the
:19:15. > :19:18.They will need more seats in the next general election to do this. --
:19:19. > :19:23.hacking. They may need another party perhaps. It would be an interesting
:19:24. > :19:31.situation. The incoming perhaps. It would be an interesting
:19:32. > :19:52.really is making sure that he would like to have this
:19:53. > :19:56.really is making sure that he would Putin situation. That is not going
:19:57. > :20:03.to happen but having said that, of course, at the end of the month, the
:20:04. > :20:07.AKP party will come together in Congress to decide who will be the
:20:08. > :20:12.next Prime Minister, and we cannot really think that the incoming
:20:13. > :20:20.president, Recep Tayyip Erdogan, well not have an effect on this. It
:20:21. > :20:32.is thought that the incoming Prime Minister will more than likely be
:20:33. > :20:39.his right-hand man. He is someone who has Islamic ideals and is
:20:40. > :20:43.someone who will not challenge what Recep Tayyip Erdogan would like to
:20:44. > :20:52.proceed with. Thank you for joining us.
:20:53. > :20:55.Each year around 100 children are born in Britain with a condition
:20:56. > :20:58.in which one or both of their ears are missing.
:20:59. > :21:01.The BBC has been given exclusive access to treatment at
:21:02. > :21:03.London's Great Ormond Street hospital, where doctors create new
:21:04. > :21:07.Kieran Sorkin is one young patient who's benefited from the technique
:21:08. > :21:12.and our medical correspondent Fergus Walsh went to meet him.
:21:13. > :21:19.Kieran was born deaf with just small lobes where his ears should be.
:21:20. > :21:22.The nine year old has already had successful surgery to implant
:21:23. > :21:24.a hearing aid, the small red box on his head.
:21:25. > :21:27.Now he wants to look like other children.
:21:28. > :21:44.I am going to keep this part but they are going to make
:21:45. > :21:47.I don't want children bullying him because he looks different.
:21:48. > :21:54.I just want him to be accepted like everyone else.
:21:55. > :21:57.Kieran's new ears are to look like his mum?s.
:21:58. > :22:01.This sketch will be taken into theatre.
:22:02. > :22:13.cartilage from six of Kieran's ribs, shape and sow them.
:22:14. > :22:15.Once inserted into pockets under the skin, a key moment.
:22:16. > :22:24.Using suction, the skin wraps around the ears and they take shape.
:22:25. > :22:27.This type of surgery is for cosmetic reasons and not to
:22:28. > :22:30.improve hearing, so what difference does it make to the dozens
:22:31. > :22:39.There's huge psychological benefits for them and I think that if you can
:22:40. > :22:42.change the confidence of a patient at this young age, it will change
:22:43. > :22:46.their whole trajectory in life so I think it is a very beneficial
:22:47. > :22:49.procedure and you see that when they come back to follow up.
:22:50. > :22:53.Within a decade, this kind of surgery could be done
:22:54. > :22:56.Advances in tissue engineering mean that cartilage, indeed
:22:57. > :23:08.the whole framework of the ear , could be grown in the laboratory.
:23:09. > :23:15.Fat cells under the microscope , which will be turned
:23:16. > :23:20.Far less invasive than taking material from ribs.
:23:21. > :23:24.Three days after surgery and Kieran is getting used to having ears.
:23:25. > :23:29.He will need another operation to complete the procedure but he is
:23:30. > :23:49.Hundreds of people have gathered in an expensive store in Moscow to buy
:23:50. > :24:00.a T-shirt with the face of Vladimir Putin on it.
:24:01. > :24:03.They could choose from a range of images including the Russian
:24:04. > :24:05.president riding a horse or picture of him in sunglasses.
:24:06. > :24:07.The manufacturer says over seven thousand shirts were sold
:24:08. > :24:13.This is one of the most expensive shops in Moscow so usually it is
:24:14. > :24:17.All these people are queuing here in order to buy T-shirts,
:24:18. > :24:26.They are T-shirts with Mr Putin?s image on them.
:24:27. > :24:33.There is one more saying ?I can read your thoughts?.
:24:34. > :24:43.I spoke to people in the queue and they told me they are ready to stand
:24:44. > :24:49.They do admit that some politics is involved.
:24:50. > :24:52.I will travel with it as if I am travelling with part
:24:53. > :24:59.This is my motherland and it is my beloved president.
:25:00. > :25:02.If I did not like it, I would not buy the T-shirt.
:25:03. > :25:06.I met him a couple of times and he was a real gentleman, a regular guy,
:25:07. > :25:11.Recently, Mr Putin has been strongly criticised by Europe and the USA
:25:12. > :25:13.because of his position in the Ukrainian crisis.
:25:14. > :25:15.Polls in Russia showed that 80% of the population support his position.
:25:16. > :25:18.These queues today may be one more illustration of his support.
:25:19. > :25:20.Organisers claim that Mr Putin is just a fashionable image
:25:21. > :25:51.and they promise to give any money earned to charity.
:25:52. > :25:54.It's rare that an event happens that only half the
:25:55. > :25:58.But that's just what happened in the northern hemisphere,
:25:59. > :26:02.It was the most dramatic of lunar events - the moon appears 14 per
:26:03. > :26:06.cent bigger and 30 percent brighter than normal as it reaches the point
:26:07. > :26:58.We'll leave you with some of the best images from around the world.
:26:59. > :27:10.Hello. Comparing the weather today and tomorrow, the changes that we
:27:11. > :27:12.are talking about are very subtle. We see the remnants of the hurricane
:27:13. > :27:14.ain't sitting towards the north east