:00:00. > :00:00.This is BBC World News Today with me Philippa Thomas.
:00:00. > :00:10.Pro-democracy demonstrators in Hong Kong ignore pleas
:00:11. > :00:17.Hong Kong's chief executive says China won't accept their demands
:00:18. > :00:20.for electoral reform, but, as these pictures clearly show,
:00:21. > :00:25.tens of thousands of people are still on the streets.
:00:26. > :00:27.British jets hit Islamic State targets in Iraq
:00:28. > :00:32.for the first time helping Kurdish troops who'd come under attack.
:00:33. > :00:40.Also coming up, Bill Gates tells the BBC how he
:00:41. > :00:43.And ensuring the legends live on, the street artist giving dead
:00:44. > :01:06.We start in Hong Kong where thousands more people have joined
:01:07. > :01:12.We can't tell you exactly how many but you can see masses
:01:13. > :01:17.This is the scene in the central district of Hong Kong in the early
:01:18. > :01:21.The protesters are calling on Beijing to give them
:01:22. > :01:24.a free vote on the next Chief Executive of Hong Kong in 2017.
:01:25. > :01:27.Under China's "one country, two systems" approach to
:01:28. > :01:30.administering the territory, Beijing can decide which candidates are
:01:31. > :01:35.On Monday, Britain and the United States
:01:36. > :01:39.weighed into the debate, supporting full democracy for the territory.
:01:40. > :01:45.A move which didn't go down well with the Chinese authorities.
:01:46. > :01:51.But that stern warning hasn't dented the protesters' fervour
:01:52. > :01:59.We want to stress Hong Kong is one of China's special administrative
:02:00. > :02:02.regions. Hong Kong affairs are purely china's internal affairs so
:02:03. > :02:07.we demand that countries are cautious with their words and
:02:08. > :02:13.actions and not get involved or interfere with China's internal
:02:14. > :02:14.affairs in any way, we will not support them anyway illegal
:02:15. > :02:16.activities. But that stern warning hasn't dented
:02:17. > :02:18.the protesters' fervour as they continue to occupy large
:02:19. > :02:21.parts of the city, including Mongkok on the Kowloon
:02:22. > :02:23.peninsula to the north, and in the central district from Connaught
:02:24. > :02:29.Place across to Causeway Bay. These drone pictures show us
:02:30. > :02:32.the sheer numbers of people who've And,
:02:33. > :02:37.although it may be quiet overnight, huge crowds are expected to pack the
:02:38. > :02:43.city centre on this public holiday. The BBC's China Editor Carrie Gracie
:02:44. > :02:45.has been out in the crowds No wonder it's called
:02:46. > :03:07.the polite protest. But China called them extremists,
:03:08. > :03:12.who show contempt for the law. And Hong Kong's Chief
:03:13. > :03:15.Executive said he had enough. The organisers of Occupy Central
:03:16. > :03:22.have said many times that if the movement goes out of control,
:03:23. > :03:27.it will be halted. So now I call upon them to fulfil
:03:28. > :03:29.their promise The protest has spread to another
:03:30. > :03:49.front, blocking roads in one of Hong Many here say they support
:03:50. > :03:54.the fight for democracy. TRANSLATION:
:03:55. > :04:01.Business is down at least 50%. So far, the protests are peaceful,
:04:02. > :04:04.but if they disrupt things for too long,
:04:05. > :04:10.the impact will be hard to predict. The only police to be seen
:04:11. > :04:17.today were behind railings. And even those who once called
:04:18. > :04:21.themselves protest organisers say things have moved but
:04:22. > :04:24.beyond their control. It is movement of the people,
:04:25. > :04:32.initiated by Hong Kong people. Since riot police withdrew in
:04:33. > :04:42.the early hours of Monday morning, these people have taken ownership
:04:43. > :04:46.of the heart of Hong Kong. They have even renamed this
:04:47. > :04:50.placed Democracy Square. And instead of getting tired, bored,
:04:51. > :04:53.or scared, as the government hoped, they are actually growing
:04:54. > :04:59.in confidence and conviction. First used as shields
:05:00. > :05:05.against police pepper spray. And now it is known as the
:05:06. > :05:08.Umbrella Revolution. It's going to take more than
:05:09. > :05:12.a rainstorm to quench their spirit. For all their good manners,
:05:13. > :05:15.this is a devastating challenge to British Tornado jets have launched
:05:16. > :05:26.attacks against Islamic State positions in Iraq
:05:27. > :05:30.for the first time since members of Parliament here voted to approve
:05:31. > :05:33.direct military action last Friday. The RAF says they successfully hit
:05:34. > :05:36.a heavy weapons position and an armed pick-up truck around Rabia
:05:37. > :05:39.near Iraq's border with Syria. This is one of the jets involved
:05:40. > :05:42.in the mission returning to And we have more reports
:05:43. > :05:48.of heavy fighting in both Iraq and Syria, with fierce clashes
:05:49. > :05:51.reported at the border town of Rabia, between Iraqi Kurdish
:05:52. > :05:56.forces and Islamic State militants. Fighting has been reported
:05:57. > :05:59.on both sides of the frontier, Iraqi Kurdish troops are said to have
:06:00. > :06:02.recaptured the town, but suffered In a separate development,
:06:03. > :06:05.Turkish tanks have taken up positions on a hill along the border
:06:06. > :06:13.near the Syrian town of Kobane Meanwhile, as part of the attempt to
:06:14. > :06:16.curb the flow of foreign fighters to the Middle East, the UK's Home
:06:17. > :06:19.Secretary Theresa May has told her party's annual conference that if
:06:20. > :06:21.the Conservatives win power in next May's British election, they will
:06:22. > :06:23.impose tighter restrictions She said new
:06:24. > :06:29."banning orders" would allow the authorities to outlaw extremist
:06:30. > :06:33.groups if they incite religious or racial hatred or threaten democracy,
:06:34. > :06:38.without having to prove that they Those same groups could also be
:06:39. > :06:43.subject to Extremism Disruption Orders which would restrict
:06:44. > :06:47.their movements and prevent them As our home affairs correspondent
:06:48. > :06:51.Daniel Sandford reports, the proposed crackdown has already
:06:52. > :06:56.provoked some sharp criticism. It was the brutal killing of
:06:57. > :06:59.Drummer Lee Rigby last year by two British men that reopened
:07:00. > :07:04.the debate about extremism. Since then, hundreds
:07:05. > :07:07.of Britons have gone to Syria to So, today, at the Conservative Party
:07:08. > :07:13.Conference, the Home Secretary It will aim to undermine
:07:14. > :07:20.and eliminate extremism Neo-Nazism and other forms
:07:21. > :07:24.of extremism, And it will aim to build up society
:07:25. > :07:33.to identify extremism, confront it, Muslims are over 2 billion,
:07:34. > :07:41.around the world! The plan is to ban extremist groups,
:07:42. > :07:45.even if they are not directly And prevent leaders addressing
:07:46. > :07:50.public meetings or even giving Men like Anjem Choudary, who has
:07:51. > :07:56.been linked to several Islamists who You know,
:07:57. > :08:03.I think I am extreme from some views Yes, I am extreme
:08:04. > :08:07.because I believe in submission. I am extreme from democracy
:08:08. > :08:10.because I believe we belong to God. I'm extreme from man-made law
:08:11. > :08:13.because I believe in divine law. Theresa May's speech has reopened
:08:14. > :08:18.one of the most difficult debates How to keep the people of Britain
:08:19. > :08:24.safe, and, at the same time, Things like freedom of expression,
:08:25. > :08:29.which have been part of Daniel Sandford reporting,
:08:30. > :08:38.and to give you just one example of radicalisation,
:08:39. > :08:41.today a 15-year-old girl from Bristol has been reported missing,
:08:42. > :08:44.and police believe she's trying to Let's talk about these issues now
:08:45. > :08:49.with Erin Marie Saltman, a senior researcher with Quilliam,
:08:50. > :09:00.the counter-extremism think tank. That is just one example but you
:09:01. > :09:05.have been looking at the fact that there are at least several more
:09:06. > :09:10.girls trying to get to join Islamic state. Yes, we have seen quite a few
:09:11. > :09:14.case studies in the UK and across Europe. It is thought up to 200
:09:15. > :09:21.European females of actual journey to Syria and Iraq to join forces,
:09:22. > :09:27.sometimes it is unclear whether that is to be with jihadists and become
:09:28. > :09:31.wives of them, because some individuals have gone specifically
:09:32. > :09:36.for that purpose. What is the appeal? We shouldn't assume the same
:09:37. > :09:46.mechanisms that would be lowering a male wouldn't be alluring to female.
:09:47. > :09:50.For a female, it is very empowering to think that not only is it a sense
:09:51. > :09:55.of adventure that you are going abroad, but you are taking part in a
:09:56. > :10:00.humanitarian cause, that is ordained by Lord, because that is what the
:10:01. > :10:05.extremist rhetoric says. And you have a real man to support in his
:10:06. > :10:11.effort to fight for this Moslem state. So, even though we might see
:10:12. > :10:17.these young women go into a position where they have to know their place,
:10:18. > :10:25.dress conservatively, they might see at liberating? They might see it as
:10:26. > :10:33.liberating. And there is a network online, it is where women are
:10:34. > :10:36.tweeting in using social media, just like the foreign fighter men, to
:10:37. > :10:40.encourage women to come to join them, discussing what daily life is
:10:41. > :10:45.like, encouraging them how to get across the border. You look
:10:46. > :10:49.carefully about how people are being radicalised, encouraged to go out
:10:50. > :10:53.there, so what do you make of Theresa May's measures, saying that
:10:54. > :10:57.if the Conservatives win the general election they will clamp down in
:10:58. > :11:04.these different ways? The rhetoric was interesting. This idea of
:11:05. > :11:08.extremist disruption orders, because extremist disruption is welcome and
:11:09. > :11:12.we should not be given undue platforms to hate preachers, but
:11:13. > :11:17.this doesn't necessarily go against pre-existing laws. It is already
:11:18. > :11:22.illegal to have hate speech, to incite violence in others. Perhaps
:11:23. > :11:29.this is a case of just being better about putting into practice the laws
:11:30. > :11:35.we have. We will see. There is the danger of creating an object to
:11:36. > :11:42.resist against, if the clamp down goes too far. Censorship is not the
:11:43. > :11:47.key, on or off-line. It will always come back. We don't want to give
:11:48. > :11:49.credence by giving special treatment to certain individuals by censoring
:11:50. > :11:55.them. Thank you for coming in. Rescue teams in Japan have had to
:11:56. > :11:58.abandon attempts to recover the bodies of hikers who died
:11:59. > :12:01.on Mount Ontake for a second time. The volcano erupted on Saturday,
:12:02. > :12:03.and there are now fears Rupert Wingfield-Hayes has been
:12:04. > :12:08.speaking to someone who survived the wall of ash that killed dozens
:12:09. > :12:15.of people. On Saturday, she was climbing alone,
:12:16. > :12:21.scouting a new route up Japan's She shows me the point where she was
:12:22. > :12:28.standing, right near the summit when Mount Ontake suddenly exploded
:12:29. > :12:34.without warning. TRANSLATION:
:12:35. > :12:38.It was a beautiful autumn day. I looked back and saw tonnes
:12:39. > :12:45.of ash and rock in the air. The smell
:12:46. > :12:49.of sulphur was really strong. I really thought I was going to die.
:12:50. > :12:58.I thought I was going to be trapped in the gas and die right there
:12:59. > :13:02.on the spot. I thought to myself,
:13:03. > :13:08."Why did I come here today?" Completely exposed, Sayuri jammed
:13:09. > :13:11.herself into a hole in the rocks. She hid there for an hour as the
:13:12. > :13:17.mountain exploded just metres away. TRANSLATION:
:13:18. > :13:21.I hid beneath the rock. Then, suddenly,
:13:22. > :13:28.it would go completely black. That was when I saw a rock the size
:13:29. > :13:36.of a small car, or others the size I could hear the noise, swish-swish,
:13:37. > :13:45.of the rocks flying by. Sayuri took her chance and ran
:13:46. > :13:52.for it, climbing down as fast She knew there were many others
:13:53. > :14:00.still back up there I wonder
:14:01. > :14:04.about those people I saw out on the peak, people who were taking
:14:05. > :14:08.pictures and enjoying the view. I ask her
:14:09. > :14:26.if the experience would stop her The mountains, she says,
:14:27. > :14:39.are her life. Bill Gates has been speaking to the
:14:40. > :14:42.BBC about his foundation's decision to pledge $50 million to fight
:14:43. > :14:47.the Ebola outbreak in West Africa. We'll take you live in a moment to
:14:48. > :14:50.Liberia to hear about events on the ground, first let's hear
:14:51. > :14:54.a little of what he had to say. It's hard to predict how quickly
:14:55. > :14:57.we can bring the case counts down. We have to build these Ebola
:14:58. > :15:04.treatment units, we've got to get medical personnel in there,
:15:05. > :15:07.and have a capacity so that anyone And also by being in there,
:15:08. > :15:16.they are not infecting more people And that capacity simply
:15:17. > :15:21.hasn't been there. The US, the UK and others are now
:15:22. > :15:28.pledging very substantial resources. The US, the UK and others are now
:15:29. > :15:35.pledging very substantial resources. Despite that donation,
:15:36. > :15:40.for some families it is too late. The charity Unicef says that 3,700
:15:41. > :15:43.children in Liberia, Guinea and Sierra Leone have lost one,
:15:44. > :15:47.or both, of their parents to Ebola. Let's go live to Sarah Crowe who is
:15:48. > :15:59.working for Unicef I suppose you are seeing these
:16:00. > :16:06.children who are losing their parents. Absolutely. The sheer scale
:16:07. > :16:11.and nature of this crisis requires us to do things we have never done
:16:12. > :16:17.before. We think there are about a couple of thousand orphans in
:16:18. > :16:24.Liberia. There is no real documentation, no real process at
:16:25. > :16:27.the moment, so it requires or calls on us to be extremely creative and
:16:28. > :16:32.to be courageous, and try new and inventive solutions to take care of
:16:33. > :16:44.these children records of both terrible stigma and fear that so
:16:45. > :16:49.many have when children come out of an Ebola treatment unit. It requires
:16:50. > :16:53.no protocols and for us to find new ways of doing something we have
:16:54. > :17:01.never done before. People are afraid to take them on? Yes. It is children
:17:02. > :17:06.who are in contact with a relative who has died as a result of Ebola
:17:07. > :17:12.and are potentially infectious themselves. In all of these
:17:13. > :17:19.countries and in Liberia as well we are trying to work with a network of
:17:20. > :17:30.survivors who themselves are immune. You can imagine taking care
:17:31. > :17:37.of a small baby and protective personal equipment is an anathema to
:17:38. > :17:42.nurturing a small child. Using this network of survivors, and it will
:17:43. > :17:46.require an army of them effectively, and others brave enough
:17:47. > :17:52.to join us, this is one way in which we are starting to open these
:17:53. > :17:58.centres, interim care centres, in the coming weeks, where we will be
:17:59. > :18:04.able to provide children who have been in contact with better care and
:18:05. > :18:09.support. It sounds as if you are working against the odds to put
:18:10. > :18:14.systems in place to contain Ebola. Do you share any of the optimism
:18:15. > :18:19.that this will be defeated? We have seen glimmers of hope. This is what
:18:20. > :18:22.we have to hang onto. In the past couple of days there was one little
:18:23. > :18:29.boy who was put into emergency foster care. His father died at the
:18:30. > :18:34.Ebola treatment unit and through a process of tracing we found,
:18:35. > :18:41.together with the ministry and other partners, we found an emergency
:18:42. > :18:47.foster care for him. In an extended family. He was sorted out. We have a
:18:48. > :18:52.number of cases where my children think there might have lost their
:18:53. > :19:00.parents and are reunited. You can imagine the rate at which families
:19:01. > :19:06.or the sick are processed through an Ebola treatment centre is such that
:19:07. > :19:10.documentation is often not accurate, so children fall through the cracks,
:19:11. > :19:15.and it is about improving the system. We are seeing glimmers of
:19:16. > :19:19.hope like that. That is what we have to hang onto. We have to be able to
:19:20. > :19:22.focus on what is possible. Thank you.
:19:23. > :19:28.By which I mean, do you understand the language of economics or do you
:19:29. > :19:31.think that the world of banks and investments and balance sheets is
:19:32. > :19:36.Even though the credit crunch of 2008 and
:19:37. > :19:39.the global recession that followed definitely did affect all of us?
:19:40. > :19:41.One man who's here to help is author John Lanchester, whose
:19:42. > :19:51.I have been learning things from your lexicon of money. Why did you
:19:52. > :20:00.think it was important to write this book? I wrote a book about London
:20:01. > :20:05.and got interested in how finance works. As I educated myself I
:20:06. > :20:12.realised that there was an awful lot I did not know, at the most is the
:20:13. > :20:20.level of not understanding words. -- Basic. A lot of it is not knowing
:20:21. > :20:29.what words mean. I found that there were a lot of words I might use that
:20:30. > :20:34.I did not really grasp. It can balance being one of them. That is
:20:35. > :20:37.when something falls so far and it looks as if it is going to have a
:20:38. > :20:58.great recovery and then it falls down again. -- dead cat balance. It
:20:59. > :21:04.was a phrase in circulation. Purchasing power parity, it is used
:21:05. > :21:10.as an index to see how expensive it is to live somewhere. Two most
:21:11. > :21:14.expensive countries in the world according to the Big Mac index are
:21:15. > :21:20.Norway and Venezuela which have nothing in common apart from
:21:21. > :21:25.enormous amounts of oil. Failing up words. That is when someone is so
:21:26. > :21:34.embarrassingly rubbish at a job, this never happens at the BBC, so
:21:35. > :21:38.amazingly rubbish there is nothing to do apart from promote them, and
:21:39. > :21:42.it is a well-known feature in corporate life that people are so
:21:43. > :21:48.rubbish they keep being promoted. One other thing that might matter in
:21:49. > :21:55.the future, what is shadow banking? Stuff like credit cards, insurance,
:21:56. > :22:03.finance spread globally through the system which is not regulated. One
:22:04. > :22:09.of the things that is weird about it, and civilians are alarmed by
:22:10. > :22:13.this, nobody knows how big it is. It is this gigantic sector and you
:22:14. > :22:19.cannot put hard numbers on the scale of it. When we talk about the
:22:20. > :22:23.financial sector we often talk about markets, looking at Hong Kong, and I
:22:24. > :22:29.wanted to ask you about that, you grew up there and wrote a novel
:22:30. > :22:33.about it. What strikes you when you see these protests? It is an amazing
:22:34. > :22:38.thing and optimistic thing and I think people may have seen protests
:22:39. > :22:42.before but what is different is these are not with the consent of
:22:43. > :22:47.the police. This is not a managed demonstration. A lot of it is to do
:22:48. > :22:51.with Hong Kong identity, younger people in Hong Kong very strongly
:22:52. > :23:06.feel that as well as being Chinese and Cantonese they are also Hong
:23:07. > :23:11.Kong-ese. People thought in 20 years time that the mainland would be
:23:12. > :23:15.converging and the systems would be growing together and what this shows
:23:16. > :23:20.is that young people from Hong Kong do not think that. They are feeling
:23:21. > :23:24.more strongly about their sense of their own identity as a separate
:23:25. > :23:31.thing. This is a political expression of that. Thank you.
:23:32. > :23:33.Kurt Cobain, Tupac Shakur, Amy Winehouse, all iconic figures from
:23:34. > :23:38.Their early deaths are now the subject of a pop-up art
:23:39. > :23:45.Scars and Stripes is the work of D*Face, a British street artist
:23:46. > :23:54.The murals for me have always been about a big expression,
:23:55. > :23:57.a big volume of paint on the wall and grabbing people's attention.
:23:58. > :24:00.I am starting on the eyes because it is more interesting
:24:01. > :24:06.It is nice to have these eyes which will be almost finished
:24:07. > :24:08.and everything else filling in around them.
:24:09. > :24:11.The exhibition is called Scars and Stripes.
:24:12. > :24:13.It is separated into two bodies of work.
:24:14. > :24:18.One is a question of celebrity, fame, stardom, and those people
:24:19. > :24:21.particularly who have died young in their field, and how
:24:22. > :24:28.How they go on to live past the end of their lives, and how we
:24:29. > :24:31.put them on a mantle and we let them becoming manipulated into how we
:24:32. > :24:37.Someone like Sid Vicious, for example, has gone on to represent
:24:38. > :24:46.Buddy Holly representing the very early days of someone dying
:24:47. > :24:49.in the pinnacle of their career, to the great shock and surprise
:24:50. > :24:58.This is a very close crop of James Dean who epitomises that burning
:24:59. > :25:06.When I was experimenting with these I was looking at how they died,
:25:07. > :25:08.so I was playing with metal, the idea of him dying
:25:09. > :25:16.in a car crash, this is scratched out onto a still that is rusted.
:25:17. > :25:24.These people often go on to live not just in their own songs but in the
:25:25. > :25:27.way in which there are songs are sampled, and that is an important
:25:28. > :25:33.element of how those myths carry on living outside of their own world.
:25:34. > :25:36.Kurt Cobain is a really important figure to me
:25:37. > :25:40.because I was hugely influenced by Nirvana and the grunge culture.
:25:41. > :25:44.I remember how shocked and surprised I was when he took his own life,
:25:45. > :25:46.having what seemed like the world at his feet.
:25:47. > :25:49.Often these artists that have been thrust into the limelight become
:25:50. > :25:53.celebrities often overnight and don't know how to handle it.
:25:54. > :25:55.Struggled long and hard, and suddenly everything is available
:25:56. > :26:01.to them, and that for me is very interesting.
:26:02. > :26:05.The message in the work is very much like the work on the street.
:26:06. > :26:08.It is about giving yourself to question your relationship to it.
:26:09. > :26:12.That can be your relation to celebrity, what it means to you, and
:26:13. > :26:16.the artist's drive for celebrity, this appetite we have for more fame.
:26:17. > :26:20.The volume seems to get turned up more and more.
:26:21. > :26:22.People are famous for nothing now, as opposed to being famous
:26:23. > :26:25.That is a very interesting subject matter.
:26:26. > :26:27.It is about questioning that relationship and what that
:26:28. > :26:46.You can also talk to me about this or any other
:26:47. > :27:02.Most of you finish September on a warm and dry not, but there has been
:27:03. > :27:03.some rain around today and