:00:00. > :00:00.This is BBC World News Today with me Karin Giannone.
:00:00. > :00:09.A new plan to tackle Europe's migrant crisis.
:00:10. > :00:14.European and African leaders are meeting in Malta to try to stem the
:00:15. > :00:23.Russia puts forward an 18 month plan to end the Syrian conflict -
:00:24. > :00:33.as it continues to provide air support to the Assad regime.
:00:34. > :00:40.For six weeks now, Russian bombers have been taking off from here,
:00:41. > :00:42.locating targets and carrying out terror strikes across Syria.
:00:43. > :00:44.Digital tricks with product placement as advertisers try
:00:45. > :00:57.If your character develops a bit of a first, the drink can change if
:00:58. > :00:59.they are in Singapore, Indonesia, China or here, back to Britain.
:01:00. > :01:02.Also coming up, don't try this on your skiing holiday, find out
:01:03. > :01:17.what happened to this professional skiier who fell down a mountain.
:01:18. > :01:19.We start with Europe's migrant crisis, where the focus is,
:01:20. > :01:22.for the moment, shifting away from the tragedy
:01:23. > :01:26.in Syria to ways to stem the flow of refugees from African countries.
:01:27. > :01:29.European and African leaders are holding a two-day summit in Malta
:01:30. > :01:35.EU countries are expected to offer billions of pounds in aid to Africa
:01:36. > :01:39.try to reduce the number of people coming to Europe.
:01:40. > :01:43.More than 750,000 migrants are believed to have arrived by sea
:01:44. > :01:47.so far this year, that number may be higher as some may have passed
:01:48. > :01:51.But it's still nearly three times the total number of migrants who
:01:52. > :01:56.For those travelling from Africa - the most popular route is
:01:57. > :01:58.But it's dangerous, thousands have died attempting to
:01:59. > :02:08.Clive Myrie reports from Malta from where the sum it is taking place.
:02:09. > :02:10.The Maltese Prime Minister has referred to these waters
:02:11. > :02:14.The Mediterranean a graveyard for tens of thousands who tried to
:02:15. > :02:19.Today pleasure boats bob on the sea and now Malta is
:02:20. > :02:23.the venue for talks on one of the most important issues of our time.
:02:24. > :02:28.How best to tackle mass migration from Africa to Europe.
:02:29. > :02:35.So crucial to summit they have already built a monument to it.
:02:36. > :02:42.The strong message I had to deliver is we need to attack
:02:43. > :02:50.Poverty, inequality, the Democratic deficit and insecurity.
:02:51. > :02:53.David Cameron is here for the talks and while visiting a Royal
:02:54. > :02:59.Navy ship docked nearby, the sailors helped rescue migrants all summer.
:03:00. > :03:04.He outlined where he was seeking agreement.
:03:05. > :03:07.Now we need to do more to smash the criminal gangs that are fuelling
:03:08. > :03:10.this terrible trade in people and also break the link between
:03:11. > :03:14.getting on a boat and getting the chance to settle in Europe.
:03:15. > :03:20.Africa's migrants and refugees are second only to
:03:21. > :03:23.These are Somalian people I met on an Italian coastguard ship back
:03:24. > :03:34.Somalia, Eritrea and Nigeria revived the vast majority of the
:03:35. > :03:42.roughly 140,000 Africans who have tried to get to the EU this year.
:03:43. > :03:45.Now in Malta African leaders want more legal routes
:03:46. > :03:50.for migrants to settle in Europe and more aid to help tackle poverty.
:03:51. > :03:52.In return Europe is hoping that Africa will work harder
:03:53. > :03:59.The UN deputy Secretary General told me the Malta summit is
:04:00. > :04:04.a crucial chance for both sides to see the other's point of view.
:04:05. > :04:07.To have an understanding for China's position I think is
:04:08. > :04:10.the recipe to dealing with something that I think we have to live with
:04:11. > :04:14.and need to live with in the future, namely in a globalised world people
:04:15. > :04:21.As all the delegates gather tonight the smiles on the razzmatazz belie
:04:22. > :04:26.Unless they can come up with a workable solution to tackle
:04:27. > :04:38.the migration crisis, more people will die trying to get to Europe.
:04:39. > :04:41.It's six weeks since Russian aircraft began an intensive bombing
:04:42. > :04:44.More than 1,000 combat missions have already been flown.
:04:45. > :04:47.But critics say Russia is targeting enemies of Syria's President Assad
:04:48. > :04:52.Our Moscow correspondent Steve Rosenberg has been given
:04:53. > :05:05.access to Russia's main airbase near the Syrian city of Latakia.
:05:06. > :05:16.Around the base there is one sound you hear all day and all night,
:05:17. > :05:21.Russia's air campaign in Syria is nonstop. And today Russia's
:05:22. > :05:27.militarily give us a rare access to its base. They should us how deal
:05:28. > :05:37.would the ammunition for air strikes. This 500 kilograms bomb, we
:05:38. > :05:41.are told, will target terrorists. They said this would be a limited
:05:42. > :05:46.operation and Russia will not allow itself to be dragged into a
:05:47. > :05:50.prolonged conflict. After six weeks of air strikes there is no end in
:05:51. > :05:55.sight, Russia continued to wage what it calls a war on international
:05:56. > :06:00.terrorism. But Russia has come in for criticism from the West, over
:06:01. > :06:04.some of the targets it has been hitting and of the claims that some
:06:05. > :06:09.of Russia's strikes have caused civilian casualties. Today, a
:06:10. > :06:16.Russian Major-General told me there was no evidence for that.
:06:17. > :06:23.TRANSLATION: Russia he said was using precision weapons and
:06:24. > :06:26.targeting terrorists. Russia concedes that only international
:06:27. > :06:31.talks can bring peace to Syria, the power of diplomacy. For now, it is
:06:32. > :06:35.Russian air power which is making itself felt.
:06:36. > :06:38.And I spoke to Steve earlier and asked him what impact the military
:06:39. > :06:43.action was having on the situation in Syria.
:06:44. > :06:49.Certainly if you ask the Russians that question they will see it as
:06:50. > :06:52.having a big impact, a positive impact, one senior military official
:06:53. > :07:00.told us today that over the last six weeks of Russian air strikes Russian
:07:01. > :07:07.pilots have carried out 1700 flights missions and have destroyed 2000
:07:08. > :07:12.terrorist targets, he said, so from Moscow's point of view the operation
:07:13. > :07:18.is successful. Perhaps not as successful as Moscow had hoped it
:07:19. > :07:21.would be. Certainly President Assad, and the Syrian army have begin
:07:22. > :07:27.certain towns and boss other towns. What is not clear is what Russia's
:07:28. > :07:32.exit strategy from here will be. At the start of its operation Moscow
:07:33. > :07:37.said this would be limited campaign and that it would provide air
:07:38. > :07:40.support for the Syrian army. But it is not clear at what point Moscow
:07:41. > :07:43.says we have done our job and it is time to go home. And if that is the
:07:44. > :07:52.biggest problem I think at the moment Russia. It appears that
:07:53. > :07:57.Moscow does not want to stop at military involvement in Syria, today
:07:58. > :07:59.we have learned of a diplomatic plan circulated at the United Nations
:08:00. > :08:04.aimed at bringing political reform to the country. Our correspondence
:08:05. > :08:08.has told the more. Essentially this is part of the
:08:09. > :08:11.Russian exit strategy, clearly the Russians do not believe there is a
:08:12. > :08:15.military solution in Syria, there must be a diplomatic agreement and
:08:16. > :08:20.this 8-point plan is if you like Russia's accented approach to the
:08:21. > :08:24.problem. Essentially they say that over 18 months there should be a new
:08:25. > :08:28.constitution drafted in Syria, that should be put to a referendum.
:08:29. > :08:33.Assuming that this passes there would then be presidential elections
:08:34. > :08:36.and parliamentary elections, the new president whoever that might be will
:08:37. > :08:39.be in charge of things like foreign policy and the army but the
:08:40. > :08:42.parliament would have thought executive authority in other areas.
:08:43. > :08:47.Of course the two crucial questions it leaves out, what would happen to
:08:48. > :08:51.President Assad himself? It does not see very much about that and it does
:08:52. > :08:57.not explicitly say who would be party to these talks. It talks about
:08:58. > :09:02.the United delegation of opposition groups, it says that grips the light
:09:03. > :09:05.I saw should be designated as terrorists and clearly should have
:09:06. > :09:09.no role but who exactly are terrorists and who are not? After
:09:10. > :09:13.all many of the people the Russians are bombing are groups act by the
:09:14. > :09:18.West or the Saudis or whoever who they at least believe should be very
:09:19. > :09:23.much participants at these talks so I think it is positive in the sense
:09:24. > :09:26.of providing some momentum, a member there are more talks due in Vienna
:09:27. > :09:31.at the weekend. It certainly does not answer many of the key questions
:09:32. > :09:35.that hang over this whole that matter process. From a Russian
:09:36. > :09:40.perspective, why shouldn't it have a go? If all efforts so far
:09:41. > :09:44.diplomatically have failed. So far one hesitates to say things have
:09:45. > :09:47.gone well for the Russians because obviously there have been these
:09:48. > :09:52.terrible burnings of an airliner which may quite possibly be linked
:09:53. > :09:56.to Islamic State so there has already been pulled back for Russia
:09:57. > :10:00.if that turns out to be the case but in the narrow sense of the Russian
:10:01. > :10:04.military operation, but it is achieving on the ground as you heard
:10:05. > :10:07.there it is having modest successes but what the whole Russian
:10:08. > :10:12.intervention has done is it has put Moscow absolutely centrestage.
:10:13. > :10:17.Moscow is the key ally of the Syrian regime. Russia and Iran may not see
:10:18. > :10:20.things entirely in the eye but they are both allies of Mr Assad and they
:10:21. > :10:25.are both going to be at the table and the Russians have really
:10:26. > :10:30.demonstrated now that any path towards any settlement in Syria lies
:10:31. > :10:33.one way or another through Moscow and what Moscow thinks and what
:10:34. > :10:40.Moscow is prepared to encourage Mr Assad to deliver will be one of the
:10:41. > :10:43.key determinants in resolving this crisis will be or another.
:10:44. > :10:46.Nigeria finally has a new government, more than seven
:10:47. > :10:48.months after Muhammadu Buhari was elected president.
:10:49. > :10:51.The number of ministries has been cut, and Mr Buhari retains overall
:10:52. > :10:54.control of the key oil portfolio. He's promised to clean up corruption
:10:55. > :10:55.and to end an Islamist insurgency in the north.
:10:56. > :11:03.The BBC's Martin Patience sent this report.
:11:04. > :11:11.It has been a long wait, but finally Nigeria has got a cabinet. These
:11:12. > :11:18.ministers are under pressure to perform. The president will be
:11:19. > :11:23.watching their every move. He has personally vetted them to try and
:11:24. > :11:29.ensure a clean government. Regardless of the present --
:11:30. > :11:37.presents challenges I Ian 's will keep hope alive and sustain their
:11:38. > :11:42.optimism about the future. Tackling corruption is just one of the many
:11:43. > :11:47.challenges that President Buhari faces. He will have to fix a
:11:48. > :11:51.flagging economy and also ends the Boko Haram insurgency. But perhaps
:11:52. > :11:57.his biggest problem will be managing the sky-high expectations that he is
:11:58. > :12:05.the man to transform this country. So far he has been given the benefit
:12:06. > :12:12.of the doubt,... Mr Buhari has permission to take this country to a
:12:13. > :12:21.good level and I say he has done so far, as we can see, we can see he is
:12:22. > :12:23.making good steps. So far so good. He
:12:24. > :12:27.making good steps. So far so good. months ago and so far so good, I
:12:28. > :12:34.believe that he is working towards the right direction, trying to take
:12:35. > :12:36.things slowly. Presidents Buhari has appointed his team, he must now
:12:37. > :12:39.deliver or it will disappoint. The European Union has approved new
:12:40. > :12:42.guidelines saying some products can't be labelled as
:12:43. > :12:44."made in Israel" if they come from territories occupied
:12:45. > :12:48.since the 1967 war. Instead, their precise
:12:49. > :12:51.origin must be made clear. Europe says the move is
:12:52. > :12:53.a technical one, The EU Ambassador to Israel,
:12:54. > :12:59.Lars Faaborg-Andersen, insists that the guidelines aren't
:13:00. > :13:10.politically motivated. This is not a boycott. I repeat
:13:11. > :13:15.again, this is not a boycott. Because how can it be a boycott if
:13:16. > :13:20.the product is allowed to come onto the market as they have done
:13:21. > :13:24.previously also? And there is another important point here, the
:13:25. > :13:28.European Union is against sanctions, against boycotting,
:13:29. > :13:35.against isolation of Israel and therefore the measures that we have
:13:36. > :13:40.taken and which again are all based on existing legislation have
:13:41. > :13:44.absolutely nothing to do with that. The new policy has taken three
:13:45. > :13:47.years to formulate and has been met Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu
:13:48. > :13:50.today condemned the decision as 'hysterical and said the EU
:13:51. > :13:52.should be ashamed. His Education Minister,
:13:53. > :14:02.Naftali Bennett, When we see anti-Semitism we call it
:14:03. > :14:07.out and we see this as a severe and morally wrong move that, in fact
:14:08. > :14:10.beyond everything is going to hurt first and foremost the Palestinians
:14:11. > :14:15.themselves, because roughly 200,000 Palestinian families live, make
:14:16. > :14:23.their living from creating goods that and then partially exported
:14:24. > :14:26.abroad so that anything the EU is going to hurt the Palestinians which
:14:27. > :14:29.I think is a wrong move, these people need to make a living, why
:14:30. > :14:37.would you want to hurt them is beyond my understanding.
:14:38. > :14:40.Breaking news in the last hour, the Russian sports minister said his
:14:41. > :14:46.country will adopt new measures to clamp down on doping, including
:14:47. > :14:48.devising new testing methods and possibly opening criminal cases
:14:49. > :14:52.against athletes are suspected of cheating. On Monday he will remember
:14:53. > :14:57.the world anti-doping agency or lease a devastating report showing
:14:58. > :15:01.what it said was systemic doping inside Russian athletics. Meanwhile
:15:02. > :15:05.the International Olympic Committee has promised there will be
:15:06. > :15:11.suspensions and banning as a result of the doping scandal. In an
:15:12. > :15:16.interview with the BBC, Thomas Buck said he was shocked but confident.
:15:17. > :15:22.This was shocking and very saddening news, I could never have mentioned
:15:23. > :15:30.that in the International Federation the leadership would be soliciting
:15:31. > :15:35.bribes from athletes in order to manipulate the sport and
:15:36. > :15:42.competition. This is unbelievable and I think it makes everyone who
:15:43. > :15:51.loves the sport very, very sad but we will not just stay there, we will
:15:52. > :15:57.take action I just mentioned. That is the president of the IOC.
:15:58. > :16:01.Police near the presidential palace in the Afghan capital, Kabul,
:16:02. > :16:03.have fired warning shots to try to disperse a demonstration
:16:04. > :16:05.of thousands of angry people. But it didn't stop the rally,
:16:06. > :16:08.which was in protest at the killing by militants of seven
:16:09. > :16:10.ethnic minority Hazara civilians. These drone pictures are
:16:11. > :16:12.the latest we have. The crowd chanted slogans
:16:13. > :16:15.against Islamic State and the Taliban, both of which they blame
:16:16. > :16:26.for the murders in Zabul province. Harun Najafizada reports.
:16:27. > :16:35.The wave of anger is visible among the thousands of protesters in
:16:36. > :16:39.trouble. Carrying covers of seven civilians who were brutally killed
:16:40. > :16:45.by militants in Zabul province, they have walked over ten kilometres to
:16:46. > :16:49.arrive at the presidential palace. The bodies were brought to Kabul
:16:50. > :16:55.last night, among them women and a young child. The protesters are
:16:56. > :17:01.mainly Hazara, beside them are the residents of Kabul. This woman who
:17:02. > :17:09.has lost a relative says why do they kill Hazara, why do they killed the
:17:10. > :17:11.children and the women? The massive demonstration started early in the
:17:12. > :17:21.morning and it has continued peacefully. The government is so
:17:22. > :17:23.incompetent it has put the people in trouble, now the government is not
:17:24. > :17:32.only in trouble but everywhere, even in couple. Insurgents had abducted
:17:33. > :17:36.for men, two women and a childhood from the ethnic has a minority. They
:17:37. > :17:43.were travelling from Kandahar in the south months ago. Negotiations
:17:44. > :17:51.failed to their results. Despite repeated calls, the government could
:17:52. > :17:55.not secure the release. The protesters have not yet buried the
:17:56. > :18:01.bodies. They want justice and the demand security from the National
:18:02. > :18:05.Security government for ordinary citizens. Many analysts see this as
:18:06. > :18:11.a challenge for the President's government.
:18:12. > :18:14.Now a look at some of the days other news.
:18:15. > :18:15.Egypt's President Al-Sisi has visited Sharm El-Sheikh
:18:16. > :18:18.for the first time since a Russian airliner crashed, suspected
:18:19. > :18:22.Mr Al-Sisi said that Egypt was secure and his visit was
:18:23. > :18:25.a message of support for investors and businesses.
:18:26. > :18:28.FIFA's outgoing boss Sepp Blatter has been hospitalised.
:18:29. > :18:30.The BBC understands the Fifa president suffered what has been
:18:31. > :18:34.described as a "small breakdown" and "nervous shock".
:18:35. > :18:38.He was suspended by FIFA last month amid the huge corruption scandal.
:18:39. > :18:41.Friends say he is recovering and is able to communicate.
:18:42. > :18:49.He's expected to make a full recovery.
:18:50. > :18:57.Unseasonably dry weather has caused the River Rhine to reach record low
:18:58. > :19:02.levels affecting the major shipping channels serving Germany France and
:19:03. > :19:06.Switzerland. Sand bars are forming and relics of the Second World War
:19:07. > :19:11.can be seen poking out of the water. Back to the top story, European and
:19:12. > :19:14.African leaders are holding a two-day summit in Malta on the
:19:15. > :19:17.migrant crisis, the focus is shifting from Syria to graze to stem
:19:18. > :19:23.the flow of refugees from African countries. Let's join Chris Morris
:19:24. > :19:31.at the meeting. What have we been hearing so far?
:19:32. > :19:33.It depends which side of the Mediterranean they come from, I
:19:34. > :19:38.think we are hearing slightly different messages whether a yard
:19:39. > :19:40.European or an African leader, Europe is stressing joint shared
:19:41. > :19:45.responsibility, the need for African countries to do more to help them
:19:46. > :19:47.persuade people not to set out in these dangerous journeys in the
:19:48. > :19:52.first place. And more controversially, to do more to
:19:53. > :19:56.persuade those who are in Europe to return to their home countries if
:19:57. > :20:00.they -- if their asylum applications have been rejected. From the
:20:01. > :20:03.Africans we are hearing hang on, if you want to clamp down on illegal
:20:04. > :20:07.migration then we need financial assistance of another kind which is
:20:08. > :20:09.on offer but we also need the pressure to be relieved and that
:20:10. > :20:14.means that legal migration must become a little bit easier, whether
:20:15. > :20:18.it be for students to go on scholarships or seasonal workers to
:20:19. > :20:23.be able to travel briefly on short-term visas to work in Europe.
:20:24. > :20:26.Without that kind of thing I think people in Africa feel that you will
:20:27. > :20:30.just be storing up even bigger problems for itself in terms of
:20:31. > :20:35.migration in the future. Interesting that this time it is not
:20:36. > :20:38.just EU leaders talking amongst themselves, the African leaders are
:20:39. > :20:42.represented there, too, one wonders how much of a difference that might
:20:43. > :20:46.make the outcome. I think what it is is a recognition
:20:47. > :20:50.that some of the problems which have been exposed by this migration
:20:51. > :20:54.crisis really are a long-term, if you really want to stop people
:20:55. > :20:57.leaving African countries in the search for a better life and you're
:20:58. > :21:01.talking about things like poverty reduction, conflict resolution,
:21:02. > :21:06.which are decades in the making. And yet on both sides of the
:21:07. > :21:11.Mediterranean, African countries and in particular in European countries
:21:12. > :21:14.there are demands, political pressures for quick fix solutions,
:21:15. > :21:19.for things to happen right away and many of these issues that simply is
:21:20. > :21:21.not possible so I think there are competing pressures from those who
:21:22. > :21:25.say we must do something right away and others saying if you want to do
:21:26. > :21:28.so -- if you want to make a long-term difference you must be
:21:29. > :21:33.patient but the trouble is that patience is in short supply. Of
:21:34. > :21:38.course the problem is just so much bigger than dealing with the
:21:39. > :21:46.migrants coming from Africa. It is, this summit was called at the
:21:47. > :21:49.beginning of the summer season in April, when it seemed as though the
:21:50. > :21:53.Ritz from Libya across the Mediterranean to countries like
:21:54. > :21:57.Italy was the main migration route into Europe and as we know in the
:21:58. > :22:00.last few months it has been overtaken dramatically by the number
:22:01. > :22:05.of Syrian refugees in particular living from Turkey towards the Greek
:22:06. > :22:09.islands and yet still we have had nearly 150,000 people arrive on
:22:10. > :22:11.Italian shores so this is really still part of the problem and has to
:22:12. > :22:15.be part of the solution. Thank you.
:22:16. > :22:20.30 years ago, many thought they were better than the programmes -
:22:21. > :22:24.Advertisers are worried that many viewers can now fast forward
:22:25. > :22:31.The industry believes the answer is advertising we can't skip.
:22:32. > :22:54.On the right, the beer bottle has been added digitally.
:22:55. > :23:16.And, of course, it means you can change things according to where
:23:17. > :23:21.If your character develops a bit of a thirst, what they drink can change
:23:22. > :23:33.if they are in Singapore, Indonesia, China, or here in Britain.
:23:34. > :23:35.The products can also shift depending
:23:36. > :23:40.on who's watching to reflect your sex, your age or even your income.
:23:41. > :23:44.Give me an idea, what could you do with a space like this?
:23:45. > :23:46.Well, a guiding principle about what we do is finding the
:23:47. > :23:52.And in this sort of context we could do a number of things.
:23:53. > :23:54.We could have beverages, we could have computers,
:23:55. > :23:59.And we can even reinforce those brand messages by having signage,
:24:00. > :24:06.Which reflects the same brand, but albeit in a different way.
:24:07. > :24:09.All I'm saying is I am like the brain man of the surf...
:24:10. > :24:14.Yes, that film poster on Home and Away is digital, and different
:24:15. > :24:19.Youku, a kind of Chinese YouTube and Netflix,
:24:20. > :24:23.has just signed a deal to use the technology in its programmes.
:24:24. > :24:27.It's a solution to the great fear running through
:24:28. > :24:32.advertising that we are getting better and better at avoiding ads.
:24:33. > :24:34.And some agencies wonder if there is much future for the
:24:35. > :24:41.I think we're going to see a really fast shift.
:24:42. > :24:44.You're going to see either the big epic storytelling at shared
:24:45. > :24:49.moments or you're going to see the smart, personalised, using dynamic
:24:50. > :24:57.You're just not going to see that 30 second ad in the same way at all.
:24:58. > :25:00.Of course, at the moment most of us still watch
:25:01. > :25:10.But when they're in the programme, you really can't skip.
:25:11. > :25:14.The car on the left, by the way, and the billboard, aren't real.
:25:15. > :25:23.If you're a keen skier you might want to look away now.
:25:24. > :25:32.This is a professional, Ian McIntosh, filming a sports film in
:25:33. > :25:35.Alaska. He's regarded as one of the world's best free skiers - but on
:25:36. > :25:37.this occasion finds himself quickly out of control and tumbling
:25:38. > :25:44.earthwards. He survived the fall of almost 500
:25:45. > :25:55.metres with no serious injuries. He even carried on filming.
:25:56. > :26:11.Thank you for being here. Hello there. We have our first
:26:12. > :26:13.Thank you for being here. Hello there. We have our first named storm
:26:14. > :26:15.of the winter season in the UK expected