:00:00. > :00:11.A Russian warplane is shot down by Turkey on the border with Syria.
:00:12. > :00:13.The pilots parachuted out but there are conflicting reports
:00:14. > :00:21.Turkey says the jet was flying over Turkey's territory. Russia denies
:00:22. > :00:34.that. Today's event is a stab in the back
:00:35. > :00:35.that has been given to us by accomplices of
:00:36. > :00:38.Turkey's president Erdogan said shooting
:00:39. > :00:41.down a Russian plane was completely in line with rules of engagement.
:00:42. > :00:43.Also coming up, France's prosecutor says the man who
:00:44. > :00:46.planned the Paris attacks went back to the scenes of the killings,
:00:47. > :00:50.while the siege at the Bataclan concert hall was still underway.
:00:51. > :00:54.Could a genetically modified mosquito be the key to stopping
:00:55. > :01:14.President Putin has warned that Turkey's shooting down of a Russian
:01:15. > :01:18.warplane on the Turkish-Syrian border will have serious
:01:19. > :01:22.He described what happened as a "stab in the back" committed
:01:23. > :01:28.The Turkish authorities say its fighter planes targetted the
:01:29. > :01:31.Russian aircraft after its pilots repeatedly ignored warnings that it
:01:32. > :01:36.Moscow insists the plane had always been over Syrian territory.
:01:37. > :01:38.The two man crew ejected before the plane came down
:01:39. > :01:46.There are still conflicting reports about their fate.
:01:47. > :01:48.In a moment, the latest on the Russian response.
:01:49. > :01:59.But first, Mark Lowen reports from Istanbul.
:02:00. > :02:02.Hit mid air and collapsing into flames.
:02:03. > :02:07.A Russian jet plunges through the skies above the Turkey Syria border.
:02:08. > :02:14.Downed by a Turkish strike, the plane is consumed by fire.
:02:15. > :02:24.It is the cost, says Turkey, of Russia violating its airspace.
:02:25. > :02:28.Just visible, the parachutes of the two pilots escaping the crash.
:02:29. > :02:32.Russian helicopters were sent in to search for them, but Syrian rebels
:02:33. > :02:40.Turkey immediately released an image which it says shows
:02:41. > :02:45.The flight path appears to cross Syria's border into Turkey.
:02:46. > :02:52.The Turkish Prime Minister insisted his country had simply carried out
:02:53. > :02:54.its rules of engagement, and the Russian plane had been
:02:55. > :03:01.We have never been a country which had designs against another country.
:03:02. > :03:04.But everyone should know that Turkey has the right to respond
:03:05. > :03:09.if it airspace is violated, despite repeated warnings.
:03:10. > :03:20.This is what everyone feared might happen
:03:21. > :03:22.when Russia began military action in Syria.
:03:23. > :03:24.That a crowded airspace and rival allegiances could provoke
:03:25. > :03:27.This is not just Turkey against Russia.
:03:28. > :03:29.Ankara is a vital Nato member and has been military alliance
:03:30. > :03:33.The fear is that this could now escalate fast.
:03:34. > :03:40.In recent days, Russia has targeted this minority, the Syrian Turkmens.
:03:41. > :03:42.A Turkic speaking ethnic group, they have been fighting
:03:43. > :03:47.against the Assad regime and are strongly supported by Ankara.
:03:48. > :03:52.They say their fighters shot and killed the Russian pilots.
:03:53. > :03:55.But the Turkish authorities say that isn't true,
:03:56. > :03:59.and that both pilots are alive and they are trying to get to them.
:04:00. > :04:03.Like a fireball in the sky, the first time a Russian jet has
:04:04. > :04:07.been shot down by a Nato member in over half a century.
:04:08. > :04:24.In Syria, this is the heart of Russia's military operation.
:04:25. > :04:27.This month, the Russians gave us rare access
:04:28. > :04:35.They told us their war on terror was going according to plan.
:04:36. > :04:39.But they hadn't planned on Turkey shooting down one of their planes.
:04:40. > :04:44.When it came, the Kremlin's reaction was a mixture of disbelief and fury.
:04:45. > :04:51.We have been stabbed in the back by the accomplices of terrorism.
:04:52. > :04:55.There will be serious consequences for Turkey.
:04:56. > :04:58.Vladimir Putin is known for his strong language.
:04:59. > :05:04.But it doesn't get much stronger than this.
:05:05. > :05:08.Equating Turkey with terrorist, Nato with Islamic State, and
:05:09. > :05:16.pledging that Russia would not stand by while such crimes are committed.
:05:17. > :05:18.Moscow insists it is air force is operating solely over Syria,
:05:19. > :05:22.and that the fighter jets shot down today had not crossed into Turkey.
:05:23. > :05:28.But Russian jets have strayed into Turkish airspace before.
:05:29. > :05:31.Those violations recorded at Nato's command centre.
:05:32. > :05:38.Last month, the alliance accused Moscow of irresponsible behaviour.
:05:39. > :05:40.But where does today's incidents leave relations between Russia
:05:41. > :05:46.Never for the last... probably 50 years, did we have
:05:47. > :05:54.anything as significant in terms of Russia Nato air confrontation,
:05:55. > :05:59.Back at Russia's airspace there's a message on this bomb.
:06:00. > :06:04.Moscow insists its air strikes are all about destroying international
:06:05. > :06:08.terrorism, and that the shooting down of one of its jets
:06:09. > :06:19.With me is Olga Ivshina from the BBC's Russian Service.
:06:20. > :06:25.Before we talk about Russian reaction, do we have any more detail
:06:26. > :06:31.about what happened to the pirates? The destiny of one pilot is now
:06:32. > :06:34.known for sure because it has been acknowledged he was killed. We still
:06:35. > :06:38.don't know what happened to the second pilot because there are
:06:39. > :06:42.conflicting reports over his destiny. He might be captured or he
:06:43. > :06:49.might be dead while he was using his parachute. But there is also other
:06:50. > :06:52.developments because the Russian minister -- Russian Minister of
:06:53. > :06:57.defence acknowledged its lost a Russian helicopter which it sent to
:06:58. > :07:01.rescue the men. We've heard fury
:07:02. > :07:01.rescue the men. We've also heard talk of
:07:02. > :07:04.consequences. We have had We've also heard talk of
:07:05. > :07:07.response, the military We've also heard talk of
:07:08. > :07:14.been suspended. Are we expecting more?
:07:15. > :07:17.There will be a serious response from officials and a serious freeze
:07:18. > :07:25.in relations because the Foreign Minister of Russia has cancelled his
:07:26. > :07:28.visit to Turkey. The Russian parliament called for the suspension
:07:29. > :07:33.of all relations with Turkey. Bearing in mind that this there are
:07:34. > :07:38.specific economic ties between Russia and Turkey, there is a
:07:39. > :07:44.significant oppressions -- presence of Turkish businessman in Russia. I
:07:45. > :07:50.think these areas will be damaged significantly. The Russian tourist
:07:51. > :07:53.agency has already urged Russian tourists not to go to Turkey any
:07:54. > :07:57.more. Potentially a lot to lose on both
:07:58. > :08:03.sides. Before this happened, what revelations like?
:08:04. > :08:12.For years, it was close relations. Especially economic link. That was
:08:13. > :08:17.very strong. There was a gas pipeline being built. There were a
:08:18. > :08:21.lots of minor relations in business, especially in some Muslim regions.
:08:22. > :08:29.Turkish business was quite significant. Turkey was the second
:08:30. > :08:32.most popular location for Russian tourists for years. Especially
:08:33. > :08:35.bearing in mind the situation in Egypt, many were thinking to go to
:08:36. > :08:39.Turkey. If there were members of Nato hoping
:08:40. > :08:42.to bring Russia closer in the operation against Islamic State
:08:43. > :08:46.group, this is a big potential setback.
:08:47. > :08:52.This could be a pivotal point in the story and it definitely shows how
:08:53. > :08:56.big the price is when there is a lack of corporation between powers.
:08:57. > :09:01.Today in Russian media we saw a lot of criticism towards Nato. What is
:09:02. > :09:06.interesting is they are criticising everyone except for France. Now we
:09:07. > :09:12.know that and the French President is in the United States. France may
:09:13. > :09:15.be the peacekeeper that is able to bring everyone together because
:09:16. > :09:21.definitely there is a huge need for a co-ordinated action by joint
:09:22. > :09:28.forces in order to oppose Isis. Thank you.
:09:29. > :09:31.A short time ago I spoke to the BBC's Selin Girit in Istanbul
:09:32. > :09:35.and asked her about what's been said in Turkey.
:09:36. > :09:40.The Turkish President in the last half an hour was live
:09:41. > :09:46.He repeated the earlier statements coming out
:09:47. > :09:55.Suggesting that the Russian aeroplane was in clear
:09:56. > :10:02.The Prime Minister repeated that and he said everyone had to
:10:03. > :10:04.respects Turkey's right to defend its borders.
:10:05. > :10:05.So, Turkey is insisting that there was
:10:06. > :10:10.This was a claim also repeated by the premise to earlier in the day.
:10:11. > :10:12.And they are saying it is Turkish government's duty
:10:13. > :10:29.And its territory. Which got a response from the US when Obama said
:10:30. > :10:34.Turkey had the right to defend its borders as well. That is the liner
:10:35. > :10:37.Turkey is insisting at the moment. There are conflicting reports about
:10:38. > :10:45.the fate of the pilots and that will be crucial about how this recent
:10:46. > :10:52.crisis will be escalated or de-escalated. The tone of the
:10:53. > :10:56.statements coming out from Turkey and Syria will be very crucial as
:10:57. > :11:02.well. Putin was taking a hard line approach towards Turkey, serious
:11:03. > :11:09.accusations he made. But we haven't seen that kind of hardline rhetoric
:11:10. > :11:14.from the mouth of the Turkish President, who is not necessarily
:11:15. > :11:16.known for mild attitudes. So, we can observe that. Turkey is trying to
:11:17. > :11:21.keep things, at the moment. President Obama met with
:11:22. > :11:23.France's President Hollande today After the meeting he spoke
:11:24. > :11:27.about the downing of the Russian warplane and about the fight
:11:28. > :11:30.against the Islamic State group. Our North America Editor,
:11:31. > :11:40.Jon Sopel was there. Barack Obama started by saying that
:11:41. > :11:44.of course Turkey has the right to defend its own airspace. But also
:11:45. > :11:47.made a plea that this should not escalate any further. But he did say
:11:48. > :11:52.that the Russians were taking a risk in operating so close to the Turkish
:11:53. > :11:59.border. And that exacerbated the situation. And also making the case
:12:00. > :12:03.that they want Russia to be part of the coalition that is fighting
:12:04. > :12:09.against Islamic State, but not all the other rebel groups. So, you cant
:12:10. > :12:16.help and sense, almost, the level of anxiety that where this could lead
:12:17. > :12:20.to next as a reaction by the Turks shooting down that Russian jet. We
:12:21. > :12:25.have heard the rhetorical reaction from Moscow. We wait to see what the
:12:26. > :12:28.reaction of them might be. More widely, what has President
:12:29. > :12:35.Hollande been hoping to achieve? Is he likely to have got it?
:12:36. > :12:39.I think he probably has. It was a stepping up of the action that is
:12:40. > :12:43.being taken. Not a completely new literary strategy. No one is talking
:12:44. > :12:48.about putting tens of thousands of troops on the ground to try to
:12:49. > :12:52.retake Raqqa. They are talking about an intensification of the
:12:53. > :12:56.bombardment and going after a wider scope of targets, greater
:12:57. > :12:59.intelligence sharing. On all of that, Barack Obama and Francois
:13:00. > :13:06.Hollande seem to be standing shoulder to shoulder. Hollande will
:13:07. > :13:10.not go to see Angela Merkel and tomorrow -- Holland will go and see
:13:11. > :13:14.Angela Merkel tomorrow and Vladimir Putin on Friday.
:13:15. > :13:20.One line on Reuters to tell you about. A hostage situation is being
:13:21. > :13:24.talked about in a northern French town near Belgium. Several with
:13:25. > :13:30.gunshot wounds. That is coming from medical services. Just one line
:13:31. > :13:35.coming from Reuters about a hostage situation in the northern French
:13:36. > :13:41.town near Belgium with several people suffering gunshot wounds. We
:13:42. > :13:46.will update you with anything more that comes out. We don't know if
:13:47. > :13:52.this is connected to anything we have been feeling in recent days, or
:13:53. > :13:53.completely separate. A hostage situation in the north of friends
:13:54. > :13:54.near Belgium. Well, as we've been hearing,
:13:55. > :13:56.French President Francois Hollande is in Washington trying to build
:13:57. > :13:59.support in the fight against In a moment we'll speak to our Paris
:14:00. > :14:04.Correspondent, but in the latest development the French interior
:14:05. > :14:07.minister, Bernard Cazeneuve, has announced the first round of charges
:14:08. > :14:10.to be filed against suspects thought to have been involved
:14:11. > :14:12.in the November 13th attacks. He said that since the attacks,
:14:13. > :14:18.more than 1,230 searches In those raids,
:14:19. > :14:22.police had seized 230 weapons. Although he didn't clarify what
:14:23. > :14:25.sort of arms they were, he did He also announced that 124 people
:14:26. > :14:33.had been charged, though we are still waiting to hear
:14:34. > :14:40.the exact nature of those charges. The BBC's Paris correspondent Hugh
:14:41. > :14:50.Schofield can give us the latest. Hearing from the prosecutor a short
:14:51. > :14:55.while ago, a number of lines are emerging?
:14:56. > :15:01.Not very detailed, but some of it interesting. First of all I pick out
:15:02. > :15:07.the fact that one man has been placed under investigation for
:15:08. > :15:11.terrorist relating charges. This is the man who rented out the flat in
:15:12. > :15:18.Saint Denis to the alleged ringleader of the attack. The flat
:15:19. > :15:24.was raided and the alleged ringleader, Abdelhamid Abaaoud, was
:15:25. > :15:27.killed along with cue others. He was seen on French television on the
:15:28. > :15:31.morning of the raid saying I know nothing, I just let the people have
:15:32. > :15:36.my flat. The police don't believe him entirely. He has been in custody
:15:37. > :15:39.and is now being charged on terrorist offences because the
:15:40. > :15:44.police do not believe he could not have known the people were linked to
:15:45. > :15:47.the terrorist attacks. There is also an interesting detail about the
:15:48. > :15:51.third body found in the raid on the flat. If your member, in the flat in
:15:52. > :15:58.Saint Denis were found the remains of the ringleader, his cousin and a
:15:59. > :16:04.third person. They now think the third person was one of the gunmen
:16:05. > :16:09.at the bars and terraces, the cafes, in that gang that carried out the
:16:10. > :16:11.shootings that. They believe this person was an accomplice that works
:16:12. > :16:21.with the ringleader on that night. Another further detail, rather grim,
:16:22. > :16:28.Abdelhamid Abaaoud it is alleged part in the shootings and then drove
:16:29. > :16:32.the car with this accomplice out to a suburb and came back on the Metro
:16:33. > :16:38.to the scene of the crime. He arrived back on the Metro and is
:16:39. > :16:44.seen on video on the train. He comes back and walks to near the Bataclan
:16:45. > :16:48.where he knows that his other team are inside having killed many people
:16:49. > :16:51.and waiting for the police to intervene. There seems to be this
:16:52. > :16:57.urge to bring him back to the crime and walk among the crowd and see
:16:58. > :17:01.what was happening. Thank you, we will leave it there.
:17:02. > :17:06.Let's update you on about one line from Reuters that we had about a
:17:07. > :17:18.hostage situation in northern France. That is all we have so far.
:17:19. > :17:21.It is in the northern French town. There is a hostage situation and
:17:22. > :17:29.several people have gunshot wounds. We don't know if that is the
:17:30. > :17:35.micro-if there is any -- we don't know if there is any relation to the
:17:36. > :17:37.Paris attacks or recent events in Belgium. We will keep you up to
:17:38. > :17:38.date. A Pakistani-born man who plotted
:17:39. > :17:41.terror attacks across several countries has been
:17:42. > :17:44.jailed for 40 years in the US. 29-year-old Abid Naseer
:17:45. > :17:47.had been extradited from the UK. He'd plotted to bomb
:17:48. > :17:57.Manchester's Arndale Centre here Other planned targets were the
:17:58. > :17:59.New York subway system and We are getting reports from Tunisia
:18:00. > :18:06.that an explosion has hit a bus carrying presidential guards
:18:07. > :18:09.in the capital, Tunis. An interior ministry spokesman
:18:10. > :18:12.has been quoted saying at least 12 people had been killed and more
:18:13. > :18:16.than a dozen others wounded. The cause of the blast was
:18:17. > :18:38.not immediately clear. Bed nets, repellent, insecticides -
:18:39. > :18:40.massive resources and intensive effort go into trying to ward off
:18:41. > :18:44.the mosquitos that carry malaria. But what about going to the problem
:18:45. > :18:50.at source - what if you could take Scientists in the US say they've
:18:51. > :18:54.done just that - breeding a genetically modified mosquito
:18:55. > :18:56.that can resist malaria infection. We'll talk to an expert
:18:57. > :19:01.on this life-threatening disease in a moment, but first just a reminder
:19:02. > :19:04.of how many of us this affects. About 3.2 billion people, almost
:19:05. > :19:07.half of the world's population, The disease kills
:19:08. > :19:13.around 580,000 people a year. Young children, pregnant women
:19:14. > :19:16.and non-immune travellers from malaria-free areas are particularly
:19:17. > :19:20.vulnerable to the disease. Malaria is preventable and curable,
:19:21. > :19:22.and increased efforts are dramatically reducing
:19:23. > :19:26.the malaria burden in many places. Between 2000 and 2015, malaria
:19:27. > :19:32.incidence fell by 37% globally. Sub-Saharan Africa carries
:19:33. > :19:36.a disproportionately high share In 2015, the region was home to 89%
:19:37. > :19:56.of malaria cases and 91% I have been speaking to a biologist
:19:57. > :20:02.at the malaria research Institute in Baltimore. He explains why this
:20:03. > :20:07.development is so significant. It's a proof of principle study of a
:20:08. > :20:12.technology that can be used to spread malaria resistance genes in
:20:13. > :20:20.Muskie to populations. Thereby, that the mosque eateries that are capable
:20:21. > :20:25.of committing -- capable of transmitting malaria. This is a self
:20:26. > :20:29.propagating systems that can propagate itself on its own. And
:20:30. > :20:34.thereby protect a large number of people from infections.
:20:35. > :20:37.So, by self propagating you mean once you have done this to a
:20:38. > :20:42.mosquito its offspring are then free of malaria?
:20:43. > :20:46.That's right, the offspring become free of malaria and the offspring of
:20:47. > :20:51.those offspring become free of malaria. The beauty is it is self
:20:52. > :20:57.propagating. It will protect the entire human population without any
:20:58. > :21:03.participation. People will not have to use drugs or bed nets or make any
:21:04. > :21:07.changes in their lifestyle, really. It's only been tested in the lab.
:21:08. > :21:10.How far away are we from putting this into practice in the real
:21:11. > :21:14.world? It will take a few more years for
:21:15. > :21:24.that. The system needs to be refined. The genetic drive system
:21:25. > :21:28.that Doctor James and his co-workers presented in a recent paper, but
:21:29. > :21:33.also the resistant genes that are propelled by this genetic drive
:21:34. > :21:39.system have to be refined and optimised. It is very important that
:21:40. > :21:43.the first trials will be successful. Are there any drawbacks? Is there
:21:44. > :21:47.any thing that worries you about what the process has to face further
:21:48. > :21:53.down the line? Not really. There is really no
:21:54. > :21:59.scenario I can think of that would lead to any adverse effects in terms
:22:00. > :22:08.of the populations that live in the areas where these mosquitos will be
:22:09. > :22:13.used. The only possible adverse will be that the parasite will develop
:22:14. > :22:16.resistance to the genes we are spreading in the mosquito
:22:17. > :22:19.population. Then we would have to think of another strategy of
:22:20. > :22:23.blocking the parasite and that is the same thing that happens with
:22:24. > :22:26.drugs, for example. There must be millions of people
:22:27. > :22:30.looking at this research with such great hope that it could be a
:22:31. > :22:35.permanent breakthrough in the fight against malaria. Could it mean the
:22:36. > :22:39.end of the disease entirely? I don't think it could mean the end
:22:40. > :22:44.of the disease on its own. This strategy will not work on its own.
:22:45. > :22:49.Like all malaria control strategies, it will work better in certain
:22:50. > :22:57.areas. It will have to be combined with other new or existing malaria
:22:58. > :23:01.control strategies such as the use of bed nets, insecticides or drugs.
:23:02. > :23:06.The war against malaria cannot be won with a single weapon like this,
:23:07. > :23:08.but like any war one would have to use multiple weapons to attack this
:23:09. > :23:10.terrible disease. The American actor Patricia Arquette
:23:11. > :23:13.highlighted the problem of sexism in Hollywood when she called for pay
:23:14. > :23:16.equality in her Oscar acceptance She discusses what happened
:23:17. > :23:41.afterwards. So, we happened to get all
:23:42. > :23:44.of this data out of that that had to It also revealed that other
:23:45. > :23:51.departments, Editors and sound mixers and all
:23:52. > :23:57.kinds of different things where And I've talked to many agents,
:23:58. > :24:02.managers, lawyers in the business and they all
:24:03. > :24:06.say, well, we always know they don't You always know that are not going
:24:07. > :24:13.to budget as much After my speech,
:24:14. > :24:28.I went somewhere and a sound mixer "My boss called me in
:24:29. > :24:36.and gave me a raise the next day. "I'd been making so much less than
:24:37. > :24:54.my male co-workers for so long." Now, if women take action, the
:24:55. > :25:03.company has to prove that they were Meaning they have to say to the
:25:04. > :25:09.woman, no, we paid you less because you don't have a diploma or you sell
:25:10. > :25:13.less of this product or you've They have to show
:25:14. > :25:17.a tangible reason why they can pay this woman less than her white male
:25:18. > :25:31.counterpoint in the same job. We will leave that there to update
:25:32. > :25:37.you on the breaking news we have had in the last few minutes. In the last
:25:38. > :25:41.few minutes, that hostage situation in the northern French town near
:25:42. > :25:47.Belgium, about one hour west of Brussels, there are some pictures
:25:48. > :25:52.emerging of the scene but very few details. All we know via Warner news
:25:53. > :25:58.agency, Reuters, is that medical services there are staying several
:25:59. > :26:00.people have gone wins in that hostage situation in northern
:26:01. > :26:04.France. We don't know if it was linked to what we have seen in the
:26:05. > :26:14.Paris attacks. We will keep you updated here on World News Today.
:26:15. > :26:18.Eastern areas will have much more in the way of sunshine compared with
:26:19. > :26:19.today, but it will be chilly at