:00:10. > :00:12.This is BBC World News Today with me Karin Giannone.
:00:13. > :00:13.Beijing's choking skies - the Chinese capital issues
:00:14. > :00:17.Schools and industry have been closed down and outdoor
:00:18. > :00:26.Turning up the heat at the Paris climate summit - Ban Ki-moon says
:00:27. > :00:29.the clock is ticking towards climate catastrophe.
:00:30. > :00:34.Syria says three of its soldiers were killed by a US air strike.
:00:35. > :00:37.We hear from Damascus about the suffering of the civilians whose
:00:38. > :00:43.And with Germany soon to welcome its one millionth migrant of 2015,
:00:44. > :00:46.we look at how those who have settled in the country have been
:00:47. > :01:04.For the first time Beijing has issued
:01:05. > :01:06.a "red alert" because of severe pollution in the Chinese capital.
:01:07. > :01:10.It means schools and factories are being urged to close and that all
:01:11. > :01:18.The most serious warning on the four-tier scale has been
:01:19. > :01:20.issued because more than three consecutive days
:01:21. > :01:25.It comes as China plays a key role at climate change talks in Paris.
:01:26. > :01:30.From Beijing, our correspondent Celia Hatton reports.
:01:31. > :01:35.One artist has had enough of Beijing's dense, grey smog.
:01:36. > :01:39.A very rare, very colourful piece of performance art...
:01:40. > :01:53.demanding tougher anti-pollution measures.
:01:54. > :01:55.I am wearing a wedding dress because I think people are married
:01:56. > :01:58.We need to show that we love the environment.
:01:59. > :02:00.The Government should make people's lives a priority.
:02:01. > :02:02.No matter how fast the economy needs to grow,
:02:03. > :02:06.Well, the outfit's in place and she certainly knows how to
:02:07. > :02:14.Now the artist Kong is moving onto the next stage of her protest.
:02:15. > :02:16.For more than one hour she wanders through a popular neighbourhood,
:02:17. > :02:21.I do not understand what she is doing.
:02:22. > :02:24.If more people were involved and they held banners, it would be
:02:25. > :02:34.She is not arrested but many assume she is participating
:02:35. > :02:38.She is trying to raise awareness and issue a call for action,
:02:39. > :02:57.But frustrations are rising as the most beautiful parts
:02:58. > :03:00.The Government regularly announces new measures to control the smog,
:03:01. > :03:02.but few expect an immediate improvement.
:03:03. > :03:04.Here, pessimism hangs in the air, as thick as the pollution.
:03:05. > :03:10.So why has the Chinese Government issued its first red alert now
:03:11. > :03:12.despite the fact that pollution levels are actually lower than they
:03:13. > :03:26.A question for Zhuang Chen from the BBC Chinese Service.
:03:27. > :03:29.I think the red alert was issued in response after the public outcry
:03:30. > :03:32.last week because last week the pollution was so severe - orange,
:03:33. > :03:35.second-tier, the highest level, people just wondering what might it
:03:36. > :03:38.take for the Government to issue the red alert, now, here it comes.
:03:39. > :03:41.So, it really does show a sensitivity on the part of the
:03:42. > :03:45.Exactly, I think there is growing awareness from the public about the
:03:46. > :03:48.pollution, and also, I think there is a growing outcry from the public
:03:49. > :03:51.to ask the Government to take some action to tackle climate change,
:03:52. > :03:53.because it is the daily effect, day-to-day life,
:03:54. > :04:04.I think pollution is going to be even more severe in the winter time.
:04:05. > :04:08.Is it traffic or industry or a combination of everything?
:04:09. > :04:12.There is mass manufacturing, productivity, the factory emissions,
:04:13. > :04:17.that is one element, and also the coal burning, and that is composed
:04:18. > :04:25.And also in terms of the motor cars, we can see that there is
:04:26. > :04:28.a growing number with the Chinese people getting richer and more
:04:29. > :04:33.Millions of millions of new vehicles are coming to the roads.
:04:34. > :04:35.That is why there is a restriction on reducing
:04:36. > :04:55.I think the pollution there is severe and
:04:56. > :04:58.also during the winter time, coal burning and the heating turns on,
:04:59. > :05:03.How much is what is going on in Paris got to do with it,
:05:04. > :05:06.the climate change talks, of course, China want to be seen to
:05:07. > :05:10.I think China is one of the biggest greenhouse gas
:05:11. > :05:12.emitters and the situation comes at a untimely moment,
:05:13. > :05:17.It is a wake-up call for the Government, it is a call to action.
:05:18. > :05:20.I think the Government has already realised that and that is why
:05:21. > :05:23.the Government have said they will advocate a green GDP, instead of in
:05:24. > :05:26.the olden days they would advocate the GDP growth, take it at whatever
:05:27. > :05:31.the expense, I think that is no longer the situation now.
:05:32. > :05:33.Well, Beijing's problems come as 196 countries, including China,
:05:34. > :05:37.enter the final phase of the UN climate change summit in Paris.
:05:38. > :05:40.As they seek to reach a deal to limit the increase
:05:41. > :05:42.in global temperatures, a new study has suggested that
:05:43. > :05:44.worldwide emissions of carbon dioxide are likely to stall and even
:05:45. > :05:49.It's driven by reduced coal use in China and the faster uptake
:05:50. > :05:59.Global Carbon Project say this would be the first fall while the global
:06:00. > :06:06.The United States is one of the world's biggest polluters.
:06:07. > :06:08.It's delegation in Paris is being led by Secretary
:06:09. > :06:12.of State John Kerry who thinks it's more likely a deal will be reached
:06:13. > :06:14.if it aims to limit global temprature rises to two degrees
:06:15. > :06:24.rather than the 1.5 many low-lying island nations are calling for.
:06:25. > :06:33.But should we incorporate the notion that we should be trying to do
:06:34. > :06:38.anything we can below those 2 degrees, including the 1.5, I think
:06:39. > :06:43.there are ways to do that that do not turn this agreement into a 1.5
:06:44. > :06:47.agreement, which while not be supported.
:06:48. > :06:52.It needs to be an adjunct to the notion that the formal call is 2
:06:53. > :06:56.degrees of this agreement, but, yes, we all need to take note that it
:06:57. > :07:00.would be better if we could move in the direction of some further
:07:01. > :07:03.reduction and that would be one week to try to get the best of both
:07:04. > :07:07.worlds because we still have to get consensus from a lot of countries.
:07:08. > :07:08.John Kerry. But what if compromise still
:07:09. > :07:11.fails to bring an agreemeent? Our environment correspondent Matt
:07:12. > :07:22.McGrath can answer that from Paris. I think one of the things that is
:07:23. > :07:28.driving the Paris conference is the desire not to make this same
:07:29. > :07:32.mistakes in Copenhagen. Bringing in leaders at the end, rather than
:07:33. > :07:36.that, they are bringing them an early on to make sure they do not
:07:37. > :07:43.make those mistakes. That does not guarantee that will not happen. They
:07:44. > :07:46.are likely to be lots of Paris -- barriers and arms that need to be
:07:47. > :07:51.twisted. You could end up with an agreement at all costs, which means
:07:52. > :07:56.you might be very weak, quite easily in terms of trying to get an
:07:57. > :08:00.agreement between 196 countries, it could turn into a massive fudge of
:08:01. > :08:04.global proportions. If that happens, it will not address the issues of
:08:05. > :08:07.climate change, it will not send out clear signals for the future and we
:08:08. > :08:11.will be doing it again and five years' time. Did you think this has
:08:12. > :08:13.not happened before? Think about Copenhagen 2009, that exactly the
:08:14. > :08:17.same thing happened. And we'll keep you up to date all
:08:18. > :08:21.this week as those talks progress You can also find out much more
:08:22. > :08:25.about the issues at a special section of our website,
:08:26. > :08:33.just go to... Washington is denying
:08:34. > :08:35.an accusation by the Syrian Government that the US-led coalition
:08:36. > :08:38.was responsible for a deadly air The Syrian regime says Sunday's raid
:08:39. > :08:42.- in Deir al-Zour province in eastern Syria - killed three
:08:43. > :08:55.soldiers and injured 13. It says four coalition jets were
:08:56. > :08:58.involved in what it describes as There have been numerous air strikes
:08:59. > :09:01.over Deir al-Zour targeting Islamic State
:09:02. > :09:03.in the past few months - by both America, though,
:09:04. > :09:07.has denied striking the army camp, saying its jets hit oil well heads
:09:08. > :09:09.more than 50 kilometres away. A US defence official is quoted
:09:10. > :09:11.as saying: "We are not at war with the Assad
:09:12. > :09:14.regime". The claim and counter-claim come
:09:15. > :09:16.as the United Nations has asked for $20 billion - the largest-ever
:09:17. > :09:19.humanitarian appeal in its history - to fund relief operations
:09:20. > :09:21.around the world next year. $8 billion of that will go towards
:09:22. > :09:24.helping millions of people Our chief international
:09:25. > :09:29.correspondent Lyse Doucet is She has sent this report on what
:09:30. > :09:37.daily life is like for people in a town called Kisweh, on the
:09:38. > :09:52.outskirts of the Syrian capital. In the back alleys of Lyse Doucet
:09:53. > :09:57.the water carrier is getting through, just. No one is running
:09:58. > :10:04.water here, more than a third of the population in Kisweh relies upon the
:10:05. > :10:08.UN. This man his five sons and more than 20 grandchildren. There is not
:10:09. > :10:17.enough water for all of us, she tells me. Food and fuel costs so
:10:18. > :10:22.much. Life is terrible, says horror husband Ahmed. It is worth that --
:10:23. > :10:35.worse than death. This is what I can feel like here. But there are
:10:36. > :10:40.moments of chair. At the local school, there is no heating, but the
:10:41. > :10:47.children warm themselves up. -- cheer. School numbers have doubled.
:10:48. > :10:52.Thousands of families have fled here to escape fighting in other places.
:10:53. > :10:58.There has been a local ceasefire in Kisweh for the last few months, that
:10:59. > :11:03.allows us to move through neighbourhoods under Government
:11:04. > :11:07.control into opposition areas. Water comes every few days by the bucket
:11:08. > :11:13.in this basement where more than 200 people have taken shelter. This man
:11:14. > :11:17.had to move three times to escape the war and has been here for two
:11:18. > :11:27.and a half years. Seven children, one room, no money, even plastic
:11:28. > :11:32.balls have to be stitched together. TRANSLATION: It is getting worse,
:11:33. > :11:40.every day is worse than yesterday. I wish it was last month, that was
:11:41. > :11:43.better. Part -- bowl. And people are still leaving. Half
:11:44. > :11:49.of the families living here have left for Europe, despairing, never
:11:50. > :11:53.mind living a life here. Those left our computer dependent on outside
:11:54. > :11:57.aid like this. Syria has long been called the
:11:58. > :12:03.humanitarian test of our time, now the test just gives getting harder.
:12:04. > :12:08.And no one can see when it will ever end.
:12:09. > :12:14.Is tomorrow going to be a school day or not, it is not clear for the
:12:15. > :12:18.schoolchildren. Will it be a cold meal or a no meal day? People are
:12:19. > :12:22.getting more and more worried about the future, especially because they
:12:23. > :12:26.feel they do not have any control over their fates.
:12:27. > :12:30.Every year, the crisis in Syria demands more aid money than the 1
:12:31. > :12:46.before. The world continues to give, but it is never enough. These
:12:47. > :12:48.Doucet, BBC News, Kisweh. -- Lyse Doucet.
:12:49. > :12:50.The international battle against so-called Islamic State has
:12:51. > :12:57.increasingly focused on efforts to cut off its financial revenue. Well,
:12:58. > :13:00.new analysis - from IHS, a UK-based financial monitor - today
:13:01. > :13:03.tries to pinpoint exactly how much the group receives and from where.
:13:04. > :13:05.Its report suggests IS gets around $80 million a month in funding.
:13:06. > :13:08.With around half of that revenue coming from taxes it
:13:09. > :13:11.imposes on areas it controls, as well as the confiscation of assets.
:13:12. > :13:13.Oil revenue provides around 43%, with the rest
:13:14. > :13:15.from drug trafficking, the smuggling of antiquities, other criminal
:13:16. > :13:19.Ludovico Carlino - one of the authors of that report and a senior
:13:20. > :13:23.analyst at IHS - gave me more detail about what makes up the IS revenue:
:13:24. > :13:30.It is a big amount of money. We have been following and analysing a lot
:13:31. > :13:34.of documents that Islamic State have released, we have been following
:13:35. > :13:39.information on social media and try to figure out exactly how much money
:13:40. > :13:48.the group is making from Syria and Iraq. As you have said, yes, there
:13:49. > :13:51.is a division between oil and gas revenues and taxation and
:13:52. > :13:56.confiscation and all the activities that Islamic State is conducting any
:13:57. > :14:00.territory that is controlling in Syria and Iraq. So much is made up
:14:01. > :14:05.from oil and gas revenues, can you tell who is buying this stuff?
:14:06. > :14:10.This is actually the big question everyone is asking. We do not know
:14:11. > :14:18.exactly who is binding the oil from Islamic State, but we know for
:14:19. > :14:22.instance that the true middleman, the 1 that Islamic State sells oil
:14:23. > :14:29.to on the black market in Syria and Iraq, we know that the Islamic State
:14:30. > :14:34.smuggle oil through the Turkish border and we know that the Syrian
:14:35. > :14:40.government buys the oil from Islamic State.
:14:41. > :14:43.Are you able to assess what sort of Dent is being made with the
:14:44. > :14:50.intensification of air strikes against these Islamic State funding
:14:51. > :14:56.sources? Is it making a difference? We have seen information on social
:14:57. > :15:02.media that air strikes targeting the oil assets run by Islamic State are
:15:03. > :15:09.having an impact. We have seen that Islamic State is cutting off the
:15:10. > :15:16.salaries of its fighters, the price of oil in Iraq, the capital of the
:15:17. > :15:19.Islamic State, has increased by 50%. This suggests that in some ways the
:15:20. > :15:21.Islamic State is trying to compensate for the loss of revenues
:15:22. > :15:28.from oil and gas. That was Ludovico Carlino speaking
:15:29. > :15:34.to us earlier. The far right National Front
:15:35. > :15:36.in France has sent shockwaves through mainstream parties with
:15:37. > :15:39.record gains in regional elections, coming first and winning
:15:40. > :15:41.around a third of the vote. The party did particularly well in
:15:42. > :15:44.the north and south-east of France. After winning around one
:15:45. > :15:51.in three French votes in the first round of polling,
:15:52. > :15:53.the Front Nationale was, said its I call on all patriotic voters to
:15:54. > :15:58.turn their backs on France's In the Northern region around
:15:59. > :16:11.Calais, where Ms Le Pen campaigned, In the south-east of the country,
:16:12. > :16:15.her 25-year-old niece drew similar Three weeks on from the attacks in
:16:16. > :16:26.Paris, these regional elections were a chance for voters to vote on
:16:27. > :16:29.national issues like immigration, The Front Nationale's mix
:16:30. > :16:34.of nationalist and pro-welfare policies has proved increasingly
:16:35. > :16:38.popular over the last few years. A win in these elections would give
:16:39. > :16:42.the party its first taste of regional power,
:16:43. > :16:44.important if it is to prove it can But the party has been blocked
:16:45. > :16:50.in previous polls in the second round of voting, where
:16:51. > :16:53.their mainstream rivals have worked This time, the centre-right
:16:54. > :17:04.opposition leader, Nicolas Sarkozy, has ruled out any such move
:17:05. > :17:07.by his representatives, even though the ruling Socialist Party
:17:08. > :17:10.has said it will withdraw its own President Hollande has seen
:17:11. > :17:20.a rare boost in his personal ratings But that has not translated
:17:21. > :17:26.into votes for his Socialist Party. The Front Nationale has been
:17:27. > :17:29.indirectly shaping politics here But with the presidential poll now
:17:30. > :17:34.less than 18 months away, the jockeying around this election
:17:35. > :17:37.is a sign that France's two established parties have now become
:17:38. > :17:39.three political forces, Figures released
:17:40. > :17:52.in the last few hours from Germany show a big jump in the number
:17:53. > :17:55.of people applying for asylum. The Interior Ministry says just over
:17:56. > :17:58.206,000 asylum seekers were registered last month -
:17:59. > :18:00.an increase of 25,000 on October. That brings the total number to well
:18:01. > :18:03.over 964,000 since January, with most arriving from conflict
:18:04. > :18:08.zones in the Middle East. Meanwhile, one of Germany's largest
:18:09. > :18:11.companies is offering apprenticeships to young people who
:18:12. > :18:15.arrive in the country as refugees. Siemens is one
:18:16. > :18:17.of a growing number of employers who believe asylum seekers are vital to
:18:18. > :18:19.Germany's economic future. But - as
:18:20. > :18:21.our Berlin correspondent Jenny Hill The future of German industry is
:18:22. > :18:39.by no means secure. The population's ageing fast,
:18:40. > :18:41.and soon young, skilled workers will So big business is turning
:18:42. > :18:49.to people like Ali. He doesn't know
:18:50. > :18:52.if Germany will grant him asylum yet, but he has learnt the language
:18:53. > :18:55.and landed an apprenticeship. In ten years' time,
:18:56. > :19:07.will I have a future, a family? These are important things that
:19:08. > :19:12.should be available to everyone. We believe refugees have a special
:19:13. > :19:15.quality, like the people we already take on from disadvantaged
:19:16. > :19:24.or migrant backgrounds. If you give them a chance,
:19:25. > :19:27.they can fly. They are highly motivated compared
:19:28. > :19:29.to our average applicants. For small business,
:19:30. > :19:33.there is a lot to lose. To take on an asylum seeker involves
:19:34. > :19:36.red tape, expensive training, and there is no guarantee they will
:19:37. > :19:39.be allowed to stay. Family companies like this one are
:19:40. > :19:43.the backbone of the German economy. Together they employ two-thirds
:19:44. > :19:46.of the national workforce. 80% of our members say we
:19:47. > :19:56.can't employ refugees who don't 60% say they must have
:19:57. > :20:05.the right qualifications first. Germany has lots of job vacancies,
:20:06. > :20:13.and a lot of refugees - What is missing is a significant
:20:14. > :20:19.political drive to marry the two, and arguably, that is because
:20:20. > :20:21.Germany's politicians still can't They are still bitterly divided
:20:22. > :20:28.on how to manage the vast number of people coming
:20:29. > :20:34.into the country this year. If there is no plan,
:20:35. > :20:36.German business leaders say they The US Department of Justice will
:20:37. > :20:44.investigate the Chicago Police Department following protests over
:20:45. > :20:46.its handling of a case in which a black teenager was shot dead last
:20:47. > :20:49.year by a white police officer. It came on the same day that
:20:50. > :20:52.officials in Chicago announced that another police officer would not be
:20:53. > :20:55.charged over a separate shooting of The US Attorney General Loretta
:20:56. > :20:59.Lynch said the investigation would look into whether the Chicago Police
:21:00. > :21:19.Department had violated the US We will examine a number of issues
:21:20. > :21:23.related to the Chicago police Department's use of force, including
:21:24. > :21:26.its use of deadly force, racial, ethnic and other disparities as
:21:27. > :21:32.force and its accountability mechanisms. Such as it is this a
:21:33. > :21:36.plenary actions and its handling of allegations of misconduct. -- such
:21:37. > :21:38.as its disciplinary actions. Our correspondent in Washington,
:21:39. > :21:49.Rajini Vaidyanathan, It was 2014 in which a young man was
:21:50. > :21:53.shot dead 16 times shot by a police officer. At the time the issue did
:21:54. > :21:58.not raise headlines, no one thought there was anything more than another
:21:59. > :22:01.of these shooting in Chicago. Whistle-blower actually found out
:22:02. > :22:08.that there was video viewed edge of what had happened from the police
:22:09. > :22:12.dashcam. -- video footage. He was concerned about what had happened.
:22:13. > :22:15.Activist campaign for months for this footage to be released and ten
:22:16. > :22:23.digs a goal that footage was released. -- ten days ago. The
:22:24. > :22:26.suspect what a way from the police officers, that is what the video
:22:27. > :22:30.showed, although he was armed with a knife. A number of police officers
:22:31. > :22:35.were at the scene, one officer opened fire and continued to shoot
:22:36. > :22:39.at the suspect when he was lying on the ground and that video did spark
:22:40. > :22:42.a number of protest because people said there were issues with the way
:22:43. > :22:48.that was handled and actually one officer has now been charged with
:22:49. > :22:53.first-degree murder. But it did raise questions about how Chicago's
:22:54. > :22:57.police department handle beaches in the first is because many argued
:22:58. > :23:00.that whistle-blower had not come forward and brought this to light,
:23:01. > :23:04.then people would never have known about what had happened. An officer
:23:05. > :23:08.has been charged, the head of the police in Chicago has been fired and
:23:09. > :23:14.know the Department of Justice will investigate the broader practices
:23:15. > :23:20.around the way that police decide to use deadly force.
:23:21. > :23:22.The suspended president of FIFA, Sepp Blatter,
:23:23. > :23:25.is being investigated by the FBI over his role in a bribery scandal
:23:26. > :23:27.which saw sports officials paid one hundred million dollars.
:23:28. > :23:29.Mr Blatter has denied knowing about the bribes,
:23:30. > :23:32.but the BBC's Panorama programme has seen documents which suggest the he
:23:33. > :23:39.Our sports editor Dan Roan has this report.
:23:40. > :23:41.The net is closing in on Sepp Blatter.
:23:42. > :23:43.The suspended Fifa President is already under investigation
:23:44. > :23:46.by the Swiss authorities, following allegations of corruption,
:23:47. > :23:50.now the BBC can reveal that Blatter is also being investigated
:23:51. > :23:56.by the FBI for his role in a bribes scandal from the 1990s.
:23:57. > :23:59.A sports marketing company called ISL paid a total
:24:00. > :24:01.of $100 million to sports officials, including former Fifa President
:24:02. > :24:07.Joao Havelange and former Fifa Executive Ricardo Teixeira.
:24:08. > :24:13.In return, ISL was repeatedly awarded the contract to market
:24:14. > :24:15.the World Cup to advertisers and broadcasters around the world.
:24:16. > :24:24.Sepp Blatter denied knowing about the bribes and took no action,
:24:25. > :24:27.he even allowed Mr Teixeira to take part in the notorious vote
:24:28. > :24:35.You have to ask yourself, why did he seek to protect these
:24:36. > :24:38.people, and not just protect them, but allow them to continue to play
:24:39. > :24:42.an active role in some of Fifa's most important decisions?
:24:43. > :24:49.Now the Panorama programme has seen a letter obtained by the FBI,
:24:50. > :24:52.which suggests Sepp Blatter knew about the bribe payments all along.
:24:53. > :24:54.The letter, apparently written by Joao Havelange, talks about
:24:55. > :24:58.It says, "I emphasise that Mr Blatter had
:24:59. > :25:02.full knowledge of all activities and was always apprised of them".
:25:03. > :25:05.Blatter declined to comment on the letter.
:25:06. > :25:07.The FBI has already charged 39 Fifa officials with corruption,
:25:08. > :25:24.A crew from the Norwegian Coast Guard were involved in a rare
:25:25. > :25:27.operation to save a humpback whale that was caught entangled by a long
:25:28. > :25:31.The whale was unable to move freely after getting the rope
:25:32. > :25:37.In order not to stress the whale too much, the Coast Guard
:25:38. > :25:40.spent five hours on the job to free the whale from the rope,
:25:41. > :25:53.You can get in touch with me and some of the team via Twitter -
:25:54. > :26:08.But for now, from me Karin Giannone and the rest of the team, goodbye.
:26:09. > :26:14.Hopefully nothing to extreme coming our way over the next few days.
:26:15. > :26:18.Typical weather, that is to see the bobby periods of rain and dry spells
:26:19. > :26:20.in between. As far as the moral is concerned, cooler than today. It was
:26:21. > :26:22.mild in some