:00:21. > :00:30.the world health organisation sees Zika virus needs a response.
:00:31. > :00:34.US presidential hopefuls make their final pitches
:00:35. > :00:56.I'll happily test on the campaign and Iowa.
:00:57. > :00:58.The culinary world reels from the apparent suicide of one
:00:59. > :01:11.We'll discuss the industry's pressures.
:01:12. > :01:21.The World Health Organisation has been meeting to discuss
:01:22. > :01:32.The world health organisation has the clear and Zika virus I global
:01:33. > :01:47.emergency. It said a coordinated response was needed. After a review
:01:48. > :01:54.of the evidence the committee advised that it constitutes an extra
:01:55. > :02:01.ordinarily invent and a public health threat to other parts of the
:02:02. > :02:08.world. In The View a coordinated international response is needed to
:02:09. > :02:13.minimise the threat and reduce the rescue. Members of the committee
:02:14. > :02:22.agree that the situation meets the conditions of a public health
:02:23. > :02:31.concern. I have accepted this advice. I am now declaring that the
:02:32. > :02:40.recent cluster of abnormalities reported in Latin America following
:02:41. > :02:52.a similar cluster in 2014 constitutes a public health concern.
:02:53. > :02:57.A very alarming sounding declaration.
:02:58. > :03:09.What does this mean? This puts it in the same class as Ebola. The whole
:03:10. > :03:17.point is to get research going to fast track it.
:03:18. > :03:22.It is a key priority for the countries involved to tackle this
:03:23. > :03:28.condition. You mentioned Ebola. There was
:03:29. > :03:32.criticism of the world health organisation after the outbreak at
:03:33. > :03:42.the time it took for that to become an emergency.
:03:43. > :03:52.The Dr was talking about how now is not the time to weights.
:03:53. > :04:01.We need a lot more research but she said it is important that all of
:04:02. > :04:05.this cause I head now even with the uncertainties.
:04:06. > :04:07.She said it was a strongly suspected link that it had not yet been
:04:08. > :04:12.proven. In terms of how many countries are
:04:13. > :04:19.affected did they get a sense of how it is predicted to spread?
:04:20. > :04:23.We have heard before from the world health organisation that it is
:04:24. > :04:28.expecting most of the Americas to encounter this virus. It is spread
:04:29. > :04:35.by mosquitoes. There are 20 countries at the moment reporting
:04:36. > :04:40.cases of this infection. The advice at the moment for pregnant women is
:04:41. > :04:46.that these should think about whether they should be travelling to
:04:47. > :04:54.these areas, seek medical advice, and cover up and protect themselves.
:04:55. > :05:02.More than 20 countries in the Americas are trying to fight disease
:05:03. > :05:05.macro. Brazil is the worst affected country.
:05:06. > :05:09.Our Science Editor, David Shukman, has sent this report from Recife
:05:10. > :05:12.A young woman four months pregnant has just heard she may be infected
:05:13. > :05:20.An agonising glimpse into a nightmare here
:05:21. > :05:31.Another pregnant woman who asked us not to show her face says
:05:32. > :05:36.This woman has red eyes - a typical symptom of the Zika virus.
:05:37. > :05:39.She is due to give birth in two months' time and she is waiting
:05:40. > :05:47.I am feeling worried, she says, because she has aches
:05:48. > :05:53.and a rash which are also indicators of the virus.
:05:54. > :05:56.And what makes everyone here more anxious is the uncertainty.
:05:57. > :05:59.What's so disturbing about what's happening here is that women
:06:00. > :06:02.are turning up with a lot of highly personal, very pressing questions
:06:03. > :06:09.Above all, what damage can Zika virus do to their babies?
:06:10. > :06:14.The painful moment when test results are handed out.
:06:15. > :06:18.Evidence is growing that the virus is to blame for deforming babies'
:06:19. > :06:20.brains but it's not certain so there's no way
:06:21. > :06:31.When you see the ultrasound has something wrong you have
:06:32. > :06:35.to tell her and then you know that after you tell her she will ask
:06:36. > :06:42.If the children will walk, will hear properly, will see
:06:43. > :06:52.Like several thousand babies in Brazil, this baby was born
:06:53. > :06:55.with a small brain and unless she is rocked all the time
:06:56. > :07:05.The mother, Michaela, is clearly overwhelmed.
:07:06. > :07:08.It is not the moment to get pregnant, she says.
:07:09. > :07:10.So far nobody knows where the virus comes from.
:07:11. > :07:12.All this adds to the urgency of killing the mosquitoes that
:07:13. > :07:19.But reaching them is difficult so from today officials
:07:20. > :07:23.have a new power, to break into homes if they need to.
:07:24. > :07:29.So the authorities are harnessing the Carnival spirit.
:07:30. > :07:34.A mosquito costume raises awareness of the dangers.
:07:35. > :07:41.Anything to get people to join the fight against the insects.
:07:42. > :07:45.All day as Michaela rocks her baby she worries about how
:07:46. > :07:52.This glance shows that there is some brain function.
:07:53. > :08:09.But no one can tell how this crisis will unfold.
:08:10. > :08:20.Let us stay in Brazil. Brazil facing the brunt of the Zika virus. Any
:08:21. > :08:24.reaction to the declaration by the world health organisation. This is
:08:25. > :08:28.welcome because it will get the attention and the funding perhaps to
:08:29. > :08:33.develop a vaccine for the virus. This is a 2-pronged attack. The
:08:34. > :08:39.eradication of mosquitoes is a must and that is happening in many areas.
:08:40. > :08:45.It is difficult in a country where the species of mosquito is
:08:46. > :08:50.widespread. The next thing is try and develop a vaccine against them
:08:51. > :08:53.by this itself. International efforts, international cooperation
:08:54. > :08:57.and finance is very important in that regard because of putting at
:08:58. > :09:01.least one year, possibly five years to develop a vaccine. The other
:09:02. > :09:04.least one year, possibly five years slightly good news for Brazil is
:09:05. > :09:07.that despite this dramatic declaration of an international
:09:08. > :09:13.health emergency there was no further travel advisory people not
:09:14. > :09:16.to come to Brazil. We have got Carnival now and the Olympic Games
:09:17. > :09:25.later on this year in Rio de Janeiro. Of course there is travel
:09:26. > :09:32.advice already out there. Pregnant women and women wishing to get
:09:33. > :09:37.pregnant. Finally it is important to point out that 4000 suspected cases
:09:38. > :09:42.in Brazil but only 300 confirmed cases. They are still going through
:09:43. > :09:51.the process of looking at the other suspected cases to see Ed they are
:09:52. > :09:57.also -- to see if they are verified. I do.
:09:58. > :09:59.US presidential hopefuls are making their final pitches
:10:00. > :10:02.to people in the state of Iowa, where the first votes for party
:10:03. > :10:04.nominations will take place later on Monday.
:10:05. > :10:06.Polls suggest that Republican Donald Trump has a narrow lead over
:10:07. > :10:09.Ted Cruz, but both are well ahead of the others.
:10:10. > :10:15.The Democratic race is slightly tighter, with former US Secretary
:10:16. > :10:27.The great thing about Iowa is that it is so traditional.
:10:28. > :10:32.It is a state as wedded to its political dos and don'ts
:10:33. > :10:37.Or to its small towns where nothing seems to change from one election
:10:38. > :10:58.This election Donald Trump has defied all the Iowa norms
:10:59. > :11:05.He travels the state by private jet with his name screaming
:11:06. > :11:13.He whizzed into the state's biggest political gathering in a helicopter.
:11:14. > :11:30.And then most cardinal of all Cardinal sins,
:11:31. > :11:36.And once again his approval ratings went up.
:11:37. > :11:39.What is this - an abusive relationship?
:11:40. > :11:42.So the question is have Iowans just discovered their inner New York
:11:43. > :11:45.billionaire or have they concluded that the state of the country
:11:46. > :11:48.is so miserable that they are going to take the rule book and toss it
:11:49. > :11:52.Because when they are not flirting with the Donald they are
:11:53. > :12:05.Bernie Sanders' politics are the opposite of Trump's
:12:06. > :12:08.How has a grumpy self declared socialist who doesn't even talk
:12:09. > :12:13.about his faith done well in this conservative heartland?
:12:14. > :12:23.This Government belongs to all of us not just a handful of billionaires.
:12:24. > :12:28.To many Americans, advocating free health care and free college tuition
:12:29. > :12:30.as Bernie Sanders does is as extreme as telling Europeans that
:12:31. > :12:35.In a normal election it would simply be outlandish.
:12:36. > :12:48.I see conservatives that are drawn to him and his ideas basically
:12:49. > :13:01.I like how he is not taking any money from billionaires or anybody
:13:02. > :13:11.On Monday Iowa will tell us whether political norms really have
:13:12. > :13:13.been upended in America or if politics as normal
:13:14. > :13:16.Let's speak to our correspondent Gary O'Donoghue who is in
:13:17. > :13:27.How are the Paul's looking? We have had another survey in the last 24
:13:28. > :13:39.hours that has on the Republican side Donald Trump I haired on 31% of
:13:40. > :13:46.the vote versus 24% for Ted Cruz. -- Donald Trump ahead on 31%. It is not
:13:47. > :13:50.much of a lead 20 take into account the margin of error but it is
:13:51. > :13:54.something of a lead. On the Democratic side the latest survey
:13:55. > :14:01.has Bernie Sanders ahead by three points. That puts the survey the day
:14:02. > :14:04.before that had Hillary Clinton the points I haired. That is within the
:14:05. > :14:14.margin of error so they are neck and neck. -- Hillary Clinton ahead.
:14:15. > :14:19.Apparently she delivered coffee and doughnuts to her campaign team and
:14:20. > :14:24.she wants to get the vortex later. Donald Trump was at a rally and he
:14:25. > :14:32.did normal speech. He did his two of the things he hates. Then he said it
:14:33. > :14:38.is important to get out to vote, even if you cannot walk, if you are
:14:39. > :14:43.sick, go and vote. That is has advice for tonight. We will wait for
:14:44. > :14:47.the voting to begin. This begins in about five hours' time and then it
:14:48. > :14:52.takes three hours and the results will pour in where precinct by
:14:53. > :14:59.precinct 1700 is little meetings around the country, we will see who
:15:00. > :15:03.comes out on top. That will shape the race and the way it goes on to
:15:04. > :15:13.the rest of the primary is, New Hampshire, Nevada.
:15:14. > :15:22.And you can get much more on the Iowa caucuses
:15:23. > :15:25.Our North America editor, Jon Sopel, gives his take on the unpredictable
:15:26. > :15:27.race taking place at the Iowa caucuses -
:15:28. > :15:30.He says it is not so much retail politics as market stall politics.
:15:31. > :15:46.That's at BBC.com/news or use the BBC News app.
:15:47. > :15:55.Britain is the first country to approve the process of Jean editing.
:15:56. > :16:04.Critics say it is the first stage towards designer babies. -- gene
:16:05. > :16:13.editing. Now scientists can alter it
:16:14. > :16:18.genetically. Researchers will be using the needed embryos left over
:16:19. > :16:54.from IVF. I find it frustrating that I never
:16:55. > :16:57.had answers as to why I kept miscarrying. This research had come
:16:58. > :17:05.earlier and could have helped me provide answers it could have saved
:17:06. > :17:09.a lot of heartache. This is a five-day-old embryo. Already the
:17:10. > :17:15.sales are starting to differentiate. Scientists will edit the genes which
:17:16. > :17:28.will go on to form the foetus but who will be do it? Gene editing is
:17:29. > :17:33.cheap and accessible. It scans DNA, reading the called, looking for the
:17:34. > :17:40.error. It uses molecular scissors to snip through both strands switching
:17:41. > :17:46.of the faulty gene or enabling a healthy copy to be inserted. Both
:17:47. > :17:52.techniques can treat or cure diseases, potentially. For some this
:17:53. > :17:59.is the slippery slope which will lead to designer humans. In fact
:18:00. > :18:03.gene editing is ready being used to change all types of life and that
:18:04. > :18:09.may raise more pressing concerns. It has huge ramifications on the
:18:10. > :18:12.environment in terms of insects, animals and plants. Ramifications as
:18:13. > :18:21.to how you develop biological weapons. That is what you should
:18:22. > :18:26.concentrate on. Designer babies has not happened and it will not happen
:18:27. > :18:30.in the near future. It may take years before this research leads to
:18:31. > :18:35.better fertility treatments that across all areas of science gene
:18:36. > :18:36.editing is promising major advances. Improving human health is just a
:18:37. > :18:43.part of fats. -- part of that. With me is Dr David King,
:18:44. > :18:54.director of Human Genetics I do not have a problem with this
:18:55. > :18:58.particular research. My concern is it is the first step on a process
:18:59. > :19:02.that has already been mapped out towards the creation of genetically
:19:03. > :19:07.modified designer babies. My previous guest said the slippery
:19:08. > :19:13.slope is there but if you are willing to rate fruit where you do
:19:14. > :19:16.not have too feared that in that footwear is regulation. That
:19:17. > :19:23.metaphor always gets used. It is not an adequate metaphor. It implies
:19:24. > :19:25.that something passive is going on. There are thousands of people
:19:26. > :19:33.employed to constantly push us down that slope. The regulator, I do not
:19:34. > :19:36.think it deserves to be called a regulator. That is the British
:19:37. > :19:43.regulator. That does not deserve to be called at regulator. It never
:19:44. > :19:48.sees no. It is an approval body. It acts as a cheerleader for every tech
:19:49. > :19:54.dollar G. Like a lot of regulators it has been captured by the industry
:19:55. > :19:57.that it regulates. I am sure that if the regulator was hugely speak for
:19:58. > :20:00.itself it would refute what you are saying strongly but what about this
:20:01. > :20:07.question of understanding what goes wrong in so many embryos, why they
:20:08. > :20:10.do not come to fruition, why so any IVF treatments feel? And that
:20:11. > :20:15.knowledge that we heard about in that report. People seeking answers.
:20:16. > :20:19.Why do you want to stop that? I do not have a problem with this
:20:20. > :20:22.particular piece of research what worries me is the next thing that
:20:23. > :20:32.would be researched with the designed specifically to improve
:20:33. > :20:37.techniques retreating embryos with a few to creating babies and there but
:20:38. > :20:43.the proposal before Parliament. Already in 2014 it was oche to have
:20:44. > :20:50.the patent embryos. You have only decided that as oche to genetically
:20:51. > :20:57.change human genes so that is what we are going to be told then. The
:20:58. > :21:02.problem is that we are likely to keep on. In the meantime surely you
:21:03. > :21:09.are denying developments that have so much potential in a positive
:21:10. > :21:14.sense. I am not denying that this particular research. But 25 years of
:21:15. > :21:17.experience of watching how the scientific establishment works how
:21:18. > :21:23.the industries and the radiators work, I have never seen a case where
:21:24. > :21:25.the regulator said stop there you cannot do that. It does not happen.
:21:26. > :21:29.Thank you. The United Nations' special envoy
:21:30. > :21:31.for Syria, Staffan de Mistura, is holding talks with the main
:21:32. > :21:33.opposition umbrella group. Representatives of the the
:21:34. > :21:35.Saudi-backed High Negotiations Committee arrived at the hotel
:21:36. > :21:38.in Geneva where Mr de Mistura, is trying to launch indirect peace
:21:39. > :21:41.talks between the Syrian Government The opposition group is demanding
:21:42. > :21:47.that the Government lift sieges on rebel-held towns,
:21:48. > :21:49.allows in aid, ends air strikes, Now a look at some of
:21:50. > :21:57.the day's other news. A British woman, who took her
:21:58. > :22:00.14-month-old son to Syria to join the Islamic State group,
:22:01. > :22:03.has been jailed for six years. Tareena Shakil sent messages
:22:04. > :22:11.to her family, insisting she wanted to die a martyr, and allowed her
:22:12. > :22:14.toddler to pose for photographs, 20 people are reported to have died
:22:15. > :22:33.in a suicide bombing in Afghanistan. the English club, Manchester City
:22:34. > :22:36.have pulled off the biggest deal, but it's for a manager,
:22:37. > :22:38.not a player. The highly-regarded Bayern Munich
:22:39. > :22:40.manager, Pep Guardiola will become their new head coach
:22:41. > :22:42.at the end of the season still in the race
:22:43. > :22:50.for four trophies. The Chef Benoit Violier,
:22:51. > :22:52.whose Swiss restaurant was named the best in the world in December,
:22:53. > :22:55.has been found dead at his home. Mr Violier, who was 44,
:22:56. > :22:58.ran the Restaurant de l'Hotel de Ville in Crissier,
:22:59. > :23:04.near the city of Lausanne. It earned three Michelin stars
:23:05. > :23:06.and came top in France's La Liste ranking of the world's
:23:07. > :23:09.1,000 best eateries. Swiss police said Mr Violier,
:23:10. > :23:11.who was born in France, With me is restaurant critic
:23:12. > :23:15.and food writer Andy Hayler, who's eaten recently
:23:16. > :23:17.at the Restaurant de l'Hotel de Ville, while Monsieur
:23:18. > :23:33.Violier was Head Chef. A tragic story. How good a chef was
:23:34. > :23:39.he. He was very good. He to go over from another famous chef. That
:23:40. > :23:44.restaurant has a great history. The two meals I have had there are some
:23:45. > :23:48.of the best I have ever eaten. I have been to every three star
:23:49. > :23:54.Michelin restaurant in the world. He was at the top of his game. He
:23:55. > :24:00.served fantastic flawless classical cuisine. It is a great shame
:24:01. > :24:04.obviously for the industry and for his wife and their son as well. The
:24:05. > :24:08.process of achieving three Michelin stars is quite something. There are
:24:09. > :24:16.only 100 people who have achieved that in the world. Not just to get
:24:17. > :24:24.to that stage but arguably ranked at the very top of that is quite
:24:25. > :24:27.remarkable achievement. We cannot speculate about his individual
:24:28. > :24:35.circumstances but what about the pressures of cooking at that sort of
:24:36. > :24:41.level? The profession is tough and people work long hours. Financial
:24:42. > :24:46.pressures, customers and so on. Who knows what happened in this
:24:47. > :24:54.particular case. But it does put a lot of pressure on people. It is a
:24:55. > :25:00.high-pressure job. Is there a sense that if our chef is feeling immense
:25:01. > :25:05.pressure they are not in a position to let anyone else around them know
:25:06. > :25:10.about it? That is true of any leadership position. If you are a
:25:11. > :25:14.chief executive officer or a general you are supposed to be in charge and
:25:15. > :25:21.not showing any signs of weakness to others. And in terms of a legacy to
:25:22. > :25:36.the world of food he would you diss fine him -- who would you define
:25:37. > :25:41.him? He was at the top. It is a restaurant but I had a fantastic
:25:42. > :25:55.time is at. He will be remembered and sadly missed. Thank you.