:00:00. > :00:08.I'm Karin Giannone, this is BBC World News.
:00:09. > :00:11.Europe tries to persuade Turkey to take back some migrants,
:00:12. > :00:14.while Turkey presents the EU with a new proposal on how to stem
:00:15. > :00:30.Will prevent illegal migration and we will encourage legal migration
:00:31. > :00:31.through resettlement of the European Union.
:00:32. > :00:34.These people have made it as far as Greece -
:00:35. > :00:36.but could a new plan mean they will soon be returning
:00:37. > :00:41.Tunisian security forces have killed 28 militants after they launched
:00:42. > :00:49.We hear what it takes to be Australia's
:00:50. > :01:16.Turkey has asked for an extra 3 billion euros from the European
:01:17. > :01:23.Union to tackle the migrant crisis. Cathy Auster and 2 million migrants,
:01:24. > :01:24.and many want to leave for Europe, creating the worst monetary crisis
:01:25. > :01:27.since World War II. Our Europe editor Katya Adler has
:01:28. > :01:41.the latest from Brussels. Today is about stopping this, and
:01:42. > :01:46.this, and this. Or at least trying to, add yet another emergency summit
:01:47. > :01:50.here in Brussels. The aim of the meeting neatly summed up this
:01:51. > :01:56.morning by the arriving Belgian Prime Minister. TRANSLATION: We must
:01:57. > :02:02.stop irregular migration, pure and simple. The's migrant crisis is
:02:03. > :02:06.destroying the EU's reputation, ripping apart member countries
:02:07. > :02:13.politically and geographically as borders are slammed shut. With the
:02:14. > :02:18.EU overwhelmed, Nato is now wading into help, with a new mission aimed
:02:19. > :02:22.at stopping people smugglers. The British Royal Navy is taking part.
:02:23. > :02:27.It is important that we help continent of Europe to secure its
:02:28. > :02:29.external border, but in our interests, and that's why we are
:02:30. > :02:34.sending British ships to do just that. But this does underline the
:02:35. > :02:37.special status we have in this organisation, because of course we
:02:38. > :02:42.are not in the no Borders zone, we keep a run strong borders, so
:02:43. > :02:47.migrants come to Europe are not able to come to the UK. If any one
:02:48. > :02:53.country holds the key to alleviating this crisis, it is tacky. Not an EU
:02:54. > :02:55.nation, although it wants to be, the Turkish Prime Minister is argued
:02:56. > :03:00.with the most watched leader at the summit. The EU wants Turkey to stop
:03:01. > :03:06.people smugglers on speeches and take back all migrants the EU judges
:03:07. > :03:10.to be not in need of its protection. But the EU warns that might break
:03:11. > :03:17.international humanitarian law, so even if the Turkey agrees, how high
:03:18. > :03:23.will the price be? The Turkish by Mr Kim did today's meeting sounding
:03:24. > :03:27.amenable. Challenges will be solved through cooperation, and Turkey is
:03:28. > :03:31.ready to work with the EU. Even when agreements are made on migration at
:03:32. > :03:35.the summit, the track record of keeping to them is not great. In
:03:36. > :03:41.May, EU countries agreed to spread out the number of arriving so silent
:03:42. > :03:47.sea is more evenly. 160,000 people were supposed to be relocated, but
:03:48. > :03:53.only 900 have actually been moved. In June, the EU told Greece to set
:03:54. > :03:55.up registration centres to properly identified migrants. But Greece has
:03:56. > :04:01.only now started that process properly. In the meantime, tens of
:04:02. > :04:05.thousands of undocumented migrants walked out of Greece and into the
:04:06. > :04:09.rest of Europe. Agreed in November, the EU hoped the Turkish government
:04:10. > :04:12.to stop boatloads of migrants leaving Turkey in the first place,
:04:13. > :04:17.but there has been little evidence of that so far. The EU is trying
:04:18. > :04:23.hard to woo Turkey, including offers of more money. If it fails, Greece
:04:24. > :04:26.believes it has the most to lose. Fields and city squares like this in
:04:27. > :04:30.Athens are now filling with migrants. Greece is appealing to
:04:31. > :04:32.anyone who will listen at the summit not to abandon it, letting it become
:04:33. > :04:36.the refugee camp for the continent. Well, as EU leaders are mulling over
:04:37. > :04:38.Turkey's new proposals, the Prime Minister Ahmet Davutoglu
:04:39. > :04:41.went for a meeting with Speaking a short while ago,
:04:42. > :04:45.he says Turkey's proposals to the EU are aimed at rescuing refugees
:04:46. > :04:58.and discouraging human traffickers. We will try to discourage those who
:04:59. > :05:06.want to come to cross Turkish borders. And we will be having a
:05:07. > :05:13.very effective coordination with all of the concerned parties to rescue
:05:14. > :05:18.these refugees before they cross Turkish border and also to
:05:19. > :05:24.coordinate with Greek authorities when they reach so that we will
:05:25. > :05:31.prevent illegal migration and we will encourage legal migration
:05:32. > :05:32.through resettlement of the European Union.
:05:33. > :05:37.Our Europe correspondent Damian Grammaticas is in Brussels.
:05:38. > :05:48.What is the word on how long talks by:? We know the Turks have
:05:49. > :05:52.presented their ideas, these plans were announced earlier in the day,
:05:53. > :05:56.leaders met to discuss them, and they are now engaged in a dinner
:05:57. > :06:00.with the Europeans on one side, the Turks on the other, but this could
:06:01. > :06:04.go on for a long time. This is an entirely new set of bands that
:06:05. > :06:09.leaders are discussing, and Turkey is asking a pretty high price from
:06:10. > :06:14.the EU for its cooperation here to stop those boats coming over with
:06:15. > :06:19.people. It is not clear whether all EU countries will agree. Many of
:06:20. > :06:24.them have concerns about the deal they are being asked to pay,
:06:25. > :06:30.particularly the 3 billion euros cost. Also Turkey's demands for
:06:31. > :06:34.quicker speeding up of talks to join the EU, speeding up of visa
:06:35. > :06:39.liberalisation to allow Turks to visit the EU, all difficult things
:06:40. > :06:50.to achieve. In the last few seconds there are reports that EU leaders
:06:51. > :06:58.are concerned. Why would they be so concerned? There is a draft document
:06:59. > :07:01.circling that talks about this possible plan that could be one of
:07:02. > :07:04.the things they will try to agree which will be where refugees
:07:05. > :07:12.crossing over from Turkey in boats to Greece, there is talk of
:07:13. > :07:19.returning them directly to Turkey, and in return Turkey taking us back,
:07:20. > :07:24.the EU would resettle one Syrian refugee for each person returned to
:07:25. > :07:30.Turkey and take them into Europe. The problem with that potentially is
:07:31. > :07:35.a legal one. Humanitarian law, which obliges countries like Greece and
:07:36. > :07:40.all EU countries are obliged either this to take in refugees who come
:07:41. > :07:44.and hear their cases properly, decide whether they are worthy of
:07:45. > :07:49.international protection, and a Ford that to them if they are. Taking
:07:50. > :07:53.people on board is straight back across the sea to Turkey could be in
:07:54. > :07:55.breach of international law. There has been concern about that already
:07:56. > :08:01.since the idea was floated earlier. My colleague Christian Fraser has
:08:02. > :08:04.been broadcasting live from Idomeni on the Greek-Macedonia
:08:05. > :08:05.border all day. Thousands of people are trapped
:08:06. > :08:09.here as Macedonia is only letting Even the weather tonight is showing
:08:10. > :08:24.how miserable the situation is. It is just desperate. It was
:08:25. > :08:28.miserable this morning in the sunshine. It was built for 2000
:08:29. > :08:33.people, there are 14,000 migrants here at the last count. We had
:08:34. > :08:39.everything thrown at us. It is windy, torrential rain, thunder and
:08:40. > :08:43.lightning, and these people are just under a light canvas behind me
:08:44. > :08:47.trying to keep dry. It is an impossible task because the water is
:08:48. > :08:54.coming from underneath. The rivers of water pouring through the camp.
:08:55. > :08:57.Three for people to each tent, young families, this one over here, they
:08:58. > :09:03.have a light inside and the message is written large. Help us, it's
:09:04. > :09:06.cold. No fires to light because it is impossible to light a fire in
:09:07. > :09:11.these conditions and impossible to stay dry. People have been walking
:09:12. > :09:15.down this road but only to go to the food station at the bottom. They
:09:16. > :09:20.have been standing for an hour in just normal clothes without reindeer
:09:21. > :09:25.just for a cup of soup and a bread roll. It is truly dismal. Let me
:09:26. > :09:27.introduce you to a man I met earlier. You are from Syria,
:09:28. > :09:35.herewith your young family full stop three children. What will it be like
:09:36. > :09:40.tonight in the tent? I don't know. As you see, the weather is so bad,
:09:41. > :09:47.and heavy rain, it is very difficult situation for all families, I'm not
:09:48. > :09:54.just picking about my family. I hope it will be a good decision for the
:09:55. > :09:59.situation after the meeting. The meeting in Brussels. Tell us about
:10:00. > :10:03.conditions in the camp. I've seen people trying to get into the tent
:10:04. > :10:06.by taking off their shoes, there are three or four people in there, they
:10:07. > :10:10.are clambering over each other. It is impossible, isn't it? It is a
:10:11. > :10:19.very difficult situation for our family. With four kids to live in a
:10:20. > :10:25.small tent, the water goes inside, because it is not so good protected,
:10:26. > :10:31.and the blankets will get wet in the morning. Even if there is no rain,
:10:32. > :10:41.the tent gets wet every morning, and that makes all the kids get sick. I
:10:42. > :10:45.can say 90% of kids have a cold and fever, and a lot of diseases. And
:10:46. > :10:53.here there is not enough medical care to serve more than 10,000
:10:54. > :10:56.people here. I know you wet as I'm. When you wake up wet in the morning,
:10:57. > :11:03.is there somewhere to go and get washed, is their warm water? No,
:11:04. > :11:10.that is not possible. There is no warm water here. Maybe before ten
:11:11. > :11:19.days there is many places that they have hot water, but right now all of
:11:20. > :11:24.them are not working, and people are washing their hands and taking a
:11:25. > :11:29.bath using cold water. Just quickly, I know you're watching the summit in
:11:30. > :11:35.Brussels. If the route through the Western Balkans is closed, what will
:11:36. > :11:38.you do? Generally we don't have a lot of options. For all Syrians,
:11:39. > :11:44.they still have hope to go through this road to reach their
:11:45. > :11:55.destination. Netherlands or Sweden or Germany, so I hope the border
:11:56. > :12:01.will open and if there is no option, please try to find a good solution
:12:02. > :12:06.for this situation. Syria is a really bad situation and miserable
:12:07. > :12:12.life here. Ahmed, thank you very much, we wish you luck. Ahmed from
:12:13. > :12:15.Syria. Many people gathered in Turkey at the moment think they're
:12:16. > :12:18.coming to the promised land. I wonder what they would say if they
:12:19. > :12:24.could see conditions here Greece tonight. Let's cross to Turkey, our
:12:25. > :12:30.correspondent says there. Ever been made in Europe at the moment to try
:12:31. > :12:35.to slow the flow of migrants. Is it making any difference? It is not
:12:36. > :12:41.making any difference at the moment, Kristian. When you speak to refugees
:12:42. > :12:45.here today just five miles from the Greek island, they say they are
:12:46. > :12:51.getting news from the use that they're going to close borders,
:12:52. > :12:56.they're going to try to reduce the number going to the European Union,
:12:57. > :12:59.but when you speak to them they say that will not make any difference,
:13:00. > :13:03.they are going to try to make that journey because they are still
:13:04. > :13:08.fleeing the Taliban or so-called Islamic State, so what it comes down
:13:09. > :13:12.to, how do you crush the dreams of those who still believe that Europe
:13:13. > :13:15.will afford them a better life? Turkey is blowing hard all in
:13:16. > :13:20.Brussels, it wants double the amount of money originally promised, it was
:13:21. > :13:26.an earlier date for visas for trucks travelling to the youth, and once
:13:27. > :13:29.more refugees and migrants already settled here to be resettled in
:13:30. > :13:36.Europe in order for some of the illegal migrants to come back to
:13:37. > :13:40.Turkey. It is still a difficult bargaining process, all aimed at
:13:41. > :13:41.trying to reduce the numbers of migrants like those I have been
:13:42. > :14:12.speaking to. You can see fragments of clothes and
:14:13. > :14:18.rubbish everywhere, remnants of abandoned lives. The drawing
:14:19. > :14:24.Turkey's border is the key to stemming the flow, but the coastline
:14:25. > :14:26.is 4500 miles long, smugglers using new routes and preying the
:14:27. > :14:29.desperate. And there are still plenty of them. Every day like this
:14:30. > :15:05.family from Syria. Try do is keep happening, and yet
:15:06. > :15:10.the migrants keep coming. That is why Turkey holds the cards. It is
:15:11. > :15:14.your's gatekeeper. Ankara knows the EU will turn a blind eye to other
:15:15. > :15:19.problems here with human rights and an increasingly authoritarian
:15:20. > :15:24.government. Freedom of expression is being crushed. Protests over the
:15:25. > :15:31.government's takeover of Turkey's largest newspaper ended in this.
:15:32. > :15:36.Russell is criticised for being too migrant focused to speak out. The
:15:37. > :15:42.dream of sanction realise just five miles across the Aegean. Many could
:15:43. > :15:46.be sent back, Turkey becoming Europe's refugee camp. But for those
:15:47. > :15:54.fleeing war, hope still outweighs the risk.
:15:55. > :16:05.There is not much hope in this camp in Idomeni. The rules are pretty
:16:06. > :16:08.spurious for crossing the border. Pakistanis and Afghans have been
:16:09. > :16:13.turned around, Iraqis and Syrians, some, are allowed to cross. We are
:16:14. > :16:18.hearing anecdotal stories that Syrians from Damascus are rejected,
:16:19. > :16:24.Syrians from Aluko might be allowed through they have the right papers.
:16:25. > :16:28.It is difficult to tell what the policy is from the Macedonian side,
:16:29. > :16:31.and that makes it more difficult for Greece cos it is becoming a holding
:16:32. > :16:35.pen for the refugees trying to get to Europe.
:16:36. > :16:37.The Tunisian president says authorities are now in control
:16:38. > :16:40.of a situation in southern Tunisia, where army and police bases
:16:41. > :16:45.At least 45 people were killed in the operation in the town
:16:46. > :16:49.of Ben Gardane most of them were militants.
:16:50. > :16:53.Our correspondent, Rana Jawad, reports now from Tunis.
:16:54. > :17:02.The dusty, sleepy border town of Ben Gardane is tense. Residents woke up
:17:03. > :17:06.to scenes of some of the deadliest clashes witnessed in the country to
:17:07. > :17:10.date. Street battles between security forces and militants
:17:11. > :17:17.erupted after two simultaneous attacks on army and police bases.
:17:18. > :17:20.Remnants on these streets sure the aftermath of bloody clashes that
:17:21. > :17:25.lasted several hours. It is believed that up to 30 militants were killed.
:17:26. > :17:29.The Canadian army and police also took heavy losses, and some
:17:30. > :17:35.civilians are thought to have been killed in the crossfire. Tunisia's
:17:36. > :17:37.president believes this was the work of militants of the so-called
:17:38. > :17:43.Islamic State and that they are trying to expand their territorial
:17:44. > :17:49.holding the region. TRANSLATION: Today's attacks on security forces
:17:50. > :17:53.in Ben Gardane started at 5am was unprecedented. It was organised, and
:17:54. > :17:58.the aim was probably too control the area and a new state. Reinforcements
:17:59. > :18:05.were in place. We expected such an operation. Jay-Z is also the largest
:18:06. > :18:09.exporter of jihadist in the region, fighting in Iraq, Syria and Libya.
:18:10. > :18:17.At least 3000 have left this country in recent years. The chaos in Libya
:18:18. > :18:21.has allowed members of IS to set up training camps in the country. June
:18:22. > :18:26.is the's border crossings with Libya, one of them just a few
:18:27. > :18:32.minutes drive from Ben Gardane have been shut down. Tunisian forces are
:18:33. > :18:35.on high alert. They have set up checkpoints around Ben Gardane
:18:36. > :18:36.entrances. They know they are facing a long-term threat and the battle
:18:37. > :18:44.has only just begun perhaps. In the past hour the Pentagon has
:18:45. > :18:47.said the US military carried out a drone strike over the weekend
:18:48. > :18:50.targeting a training camp run A spokesman said the strike
:18:51. > :18:56.was carried out north of capital The Swedish car maker Volvo
:18:57. > :19:06.is about to start recruiting 100 ordinary people to commute to work
:19:07. > :19:09.next year in a driverless car. The company eventually wants them
:19:10. > :19:12.to do other things while sitting behind the wheel on a busy road -
:19:13. > :19:16.such as read a book or send In the first of a series of reports
:19:17. > :19:21.on the impact and future of the car, our Transport Correspondent,
:19:22. > :19:32.Richard Westcott, was given special Gothenburg in Sweden, home of Volvo,
:19:33. > :19:39.a place where drivers need to beware of the Elks. On a test track, the
:19:40. > :19:43.company issuing me its unique experiment, and they will need
:19:44. > :19:48.members of the public to help. They are going to ask 100 ordinary people
:19:49. > :19:52.to commute in a car, but it is not an ordinary car. It is an autonomous
:19:53. > :19:55.car. And then they will tell those people they are free to do anything
:19:56. > :20:02.else instead. Perhaps send an e-mail. From the track to the
:20:03. > :20:07.evening commute. Next year Gothenburg's volunteers will be
:20:08. > :20:13.driverless on special roads with no cyclist or pedestrians. And daring
:20:14. > :20:17.in mind it is Sweden, no snow. The computer needs to see the white
:20:18. > :20:22.lines. About as hands-free as you can get. The man in charge of a
:20:23. > :20:27.technology called me what would happen in an emergency. Something
:20:28. > :20:31.unexpected happens, the card needs to be will to deal with that. We
:20:32. > :20:37.cannot count on the driver to take over. The car will detect it. It
:20:38. > :20:42.will not suddenly shot control back to the driver? No, the driver will
:20:43. > :20:46.be sitting back and relax, reading. We cannot count on him to intervene
:20:47. > :20:53.immediately, so the car has to do it. Things are different in the UK.
:20:54. > :20:56.There are four projects. Imogen 's public transport pods will
:20:57. > :21:00.eventually use the pavements to shuttle people between the shops and
:21:01. > :21:05.the pavement. Would you share a pavement with one of those governed
:21:06. > :21:11.by a computer? No, I wouldn't. It has to decide in an instant whether
:21:12. > :21:16.it's got to stop her carry on, is the safety of who is in it or the
:21:17. > :21:22.outside? You're not worried about bumping into you? No, because we can
:21:23. > :21:25.move out the way. In the US, Google is leading the way in driverless
:21:26. > :21:28.tests, 1 million miles and counting. They have just had a first crash
:21:29. > :21:33.with a computer was at least partly to blame. Experts describe the
:21:34. > :21:40.future out of a science fiction novel. We'll see this technology and
:21:41. > :21:45.product trucks, imports, down mines. And that from me as interesting, but
:21:46. > :21:50.this technology is not just about transport, but all things that move.
:21:51. > :21:57.On the test track, time to dry a drama on the telly. It could still
:21:58. > :21:59.take a decade or even two, but eventually children will marvel at
:22:00. > :22:04.the idea that people actually use to drive their own cars.
:22:05. > :22:06.Daniel Mcintyre is Australia's top shearer.
:22:07. > :22:09.He won the National Shearing Championships for two consecutive
:22:10. > :22:12.years - by shearing 12 sheep in 20 minutes and 47 seconds,
:22:13. > :22:15.beating his next rival by a full three minutes.
:22:16. > :22:17.So what does it take to be a shearing champion?
:22:18. > :22:31.My name is Daniel McIntyre, and the current Australian national
:22:32. > :22:36.champion. I started shearing sheep when I was 17. I grew up on a farm
:22:37. > :22:42.and fell in love with that. The key to shearing, position, the way you
:22:43. > :22:51.hold the sheep, technique, and also the gear. I need a wide selection,
:22:52. > :23:00.so having a bag full of different combs is important. Before they can
:23:01. > :23:08.you to start I take a deep breath and fill my lungs about their, and
:23:09. > :23:12.try and relax. If you go in there tends the sheep will tense up. You
:23:13. > :23:18.need this sheep in a relaxed state and you can start shearing
:23:19. > :23:24.straightaway. We have a pattern on the sheep. We are trained to see the
:23:25. > :23:32.flat surfaces of the sheep. Position the sheep in a way that the sheep
:23:33. > :23:41.flattens out. You start with the belly, we want to the leg, up the
:23:42. > :23:47.neck, and then down the other side. You have to find the right balance
:23:48. > :23:52.between speed and quality. You cannot go all for speed. You have to
:23:53. > :23:58.have quality as well. It perfectly shorn sheep would look like a
:23:59. > :24:04.hard-boiled egg, no ridges, no cuts. Just although will completely
:24:05. > :24:10.offered. When you get to the top, the feeling for yourself, it's more
:24:11. > :24:16.about bettering yourself than beating the block beside you. It is
:24:17. > :24:20.a sense of a compass and. It is something a I've worked hard for
:24:21. > :24:25.since basically I left school. It fills you up inside, I guess.
:24:26. > :24:28.Beautiful images caught last night here in the UK of the Northern
:24:29. > :24:34.Their proper name is Aurora Borealis -
:24:35. > :24:37.they happen when electrically-charged particles
:24:38. > :24:39.from the Sun enter the Earth's atmosphere.
:24:40. > :25:22.Here's some photos people have been sharing.
:25:23. > :25:26.A reminder of our main news: Turkey has submitted a new proposal on how
:25:27. > :25:29.to deal with the migrant crisis, at a summit with European Union
:25:30. > :25:38.The president of the European Parliament, Martin Schulz,
:25:39. > :25:41.says the Turkish government has asked for an extra 3 billion
:25:42. > :25:45.In return, Turkey has offered to take back all non-Syrian migrants
:25:46. > :25:50.who are denied asylum, and do more to patrol its own waters.
:25:51. > :25:55.Talks are still going on and Brussels already working supper.
:25:56. > :26:00.You can get in touch with me and some of the team via Twitter -