:00:16. > :00:20.Paris will open its first refugee camp next month.
:00:21. > :00:22.It's a response to this - asylum seekers living
:00:23. > :00:25.400 men will get health checks and advice.
:00:26. > :00:28.TRANSLATION: We are taking action with a clear mind and without any
:00:29. > :00:31.naivete but we are acting with humanity and that is our job.
:00:32. > :00:34.Abstain from sex for half a year - official Zika advice to men
:00:35. > :00:36.and women returning from affected areas is toughened.
:00:37. > :00:39.Why does women's pay often lag behind men?
:00:40. > :00:41.A new study says it's not for lack of asking.
:00:42. > :00:44.Easy to construct but as strong as an Ox -
:00:45. > :00:45.the flat-pack truck that could transform lives
:00:46. > :01:11.It's a measure of how serious Europe's migration
:01:12. > :01:18.Paris is to open a reception centre for refugees and migrants,
:01:19. > :01:22.to cope with the dozens now arriving there every day.
:01:23. > :01:25.It will be based here in Northern Paris near the railway
:01:26. > :01:27.station and provide 400 men with health checks
:01:28. > :01:31.The mayor of Paris says she hopes to prevent migrants from camping
:01:32. > :01:33.in squalid places around the city and ease tensions in
:01:34. > :01:38.A camp for women and children will follow by the end of the year.
:01:39. > :01:47.It is at this disused railway yard in the north of the city
:01:48. > :01:49.that the main migrant centre will be set up.
:01:50. > :01:51.By the middle of next month, there will be
:01:52. > :01:56.Four beds per room, with electricity, Wi-Fi,
:01:57. > :02:03.Another smaller centre will take in families with children.
:02:04. > :02:06.For the city authorities, the centres are a moral imperative.
:02:07. > :02:09.It is impossible, they say, for things to go
:02:10. > :02:19.TRANSLATION: This centre for refugees is a first in Europe
:02:20. > :02:23.because we are in the heart of a dense city, the heart of Paris.
:02:24. > :02:28.The centre for refugees corresponds to our values.
:02:29. > :02:32.We are taking action with a clear mind and without any naivete
:02:33. > :02:39.but we are acting with humanity and that is our job.
:02:40. > :02:43.Humanity means putting an end to the makeshift encampments that
:02:44. > :02:48.keep springing up on the streets across Paris, upsetting for local
:02:49. > :02:54.people, unhealthy and squalid for the migrants.
:02:55. > :02:57.Many of them are shocked and disappointed at what awaits them
:02:58. > :03:02.I am feeling like animals, like that.
:03:03. > :03:10.When I came from Italy, in my mind, I think there is some camp and some
:03:11. > :03:19.A good place for sleeping and clean water, clean life like that,
:03:20. > :03:24.clean toilets, something like that, but there is nothing.
:03:25. > :03:29.In theory, migrants will spend only a few days at the new centres.
:03:30. > :03:32.They will be able to clean up, take stock and, if they want,
:03:33. > :03:38.A dignified welcome is all well and good but what if that acts
:03:39. > :03:40.as encouragement for more migrants who, in their turn,
:03:41. > :03:47.Leonard Doyle is from the International
:03:48. > :04:04.What do you think when you look at this new scheme in Paris? It is not
:04:05. > :04:09.perfect but it is an improvement because you have this issue of
:04:10. > :04:14.homeless migrants and refugees, would asylum seekers, living on the
:04:15. > :04:19.streets of Paris, many quite vulnerable, women, children, not a
:04:20. > :04:23.good situation. We are seeing an honest attempt by the authorities in
:04:24. > :04:28.Paris to get their hands around the situation and try to improve the
:04:29. > :04:34.situation of the migrants. Will this be the first of many? Will it be the
:04:35. > :04:41.first of many perhaps for many major European cities? You cannot have
:04:42. > :04:44.people living rough through winter. The French have taken this seriously
:04:45. > :04:50.and they want these people to be able to apply for asylum. Many of
:04:51. > :04:55.them are English speakers and want to go to the UK. For whatever
:04:56. > :05:01.reason, they think their future is in the UK. It is uncertain, the
:05:02. > :05:08.extent to which this will work out as is hoped. There was the question
:05:09. > :05:13.of encouragement, perhaps giving people motivation to travel to Paris
:05:14. > :05:18.and other cities by setting up camps where they have some sort of dignity
:05:19. > :05:21.rather than squalid camps. Not the most desperate people who are coming
:05:22. > :05:31.but those who perhaps have some kind of choice in the matter. You have
:05:32. > :05:35.9000 people living in Calais, hoping to get to the UK, and it is an
:05:36. > :05:43.extraordinarily well organised set up in terms of a huge amount of NGO
:05:44. > :05:49.aid and effort, but it is not solving the problem, which is people
:05:50. > :05:56.are disrupting French life. They want to process them for asylum, and
:05:57. > :06:00.many will be rejected in the long-term, deemed to be not from a
:06:01. > :06:05.refugee producing situation. It is a tricky issue, the French have been
:06:06. > :06:11.as welcoming as they can be, and there is a tricky political
:06:12. > :06:12.situation there as well, all the while respecting the rights of the
:06:13. > :06:13.migrants. From condoning the mass killing
:06:14. > :06:15.of suspected drug pushers to hurling an insult at the world's most
:06:16. > :06:19.powerful man, the new president of the Philippines is
:06:20. > :06:21.certainly having an impact. But now Rodrigo Duterte
:06:22. > :06:24.is having to make an apology, after his language led
:06:25. > :06:27.to the cancellation of his scheduled meeting with President Obama
:06:28. > :06:29.at the Asean summit in Laos. The Philippines President
:06:30. > :06:40.Rodrigo Duterte was due to make his international
:06:41. > :06:44.debut at Asean. It is his first foreign
:06:45. > :06:46.trip as a new leader. But the focus shifted to dampening
:06:47. > :06:51.down the controversy he created. President Duterte explained
:06:52. > :06:54.that the press reports that the President Obama
:06:55. > :06:57.would lecture him on extrajudicial killings led to his strong comments
:06:58. > :07:04.which in turn elicited concern. He regrets that his
:07:05. > :07:06.remarks to the press have The Philippines leader has
:07:07. > :07:12.made offensive comments He has insulted the US ambassador
:07:13. > :07:17.to his country, the Pope, He made the offensive remarks
:07:18. > :07:25.after being asked what he would do if Mr Obama raised the issue
:07:26. > :07:28.of extrajudicial killings with him. Do not just throwaway
:07:29. > :07:42.questions and statements. More than 2,000 people have died
:07:43. > :07:44.in raids in the Philippines He's been criticised
:07:45. > :07:48.for the "shoot first, But Mr Obama didn't appear to be
:07:49. > :07:53.bothered by the spat, not even publicly acknowledging it
:07:54. > :07:55.in his first formal Instead, he spoke of the US's
:07:56. > :08:03.long-term commitment to the region. The United States is more deeply
:08:04. > :08:06.engaged across the Asian Pacific Our position is stronger and we have
:08:07. > :08:11.sent a clear message that as a Pacific nation
:08:12. > :08:15.we are here to stay. In good times and bad,
:08:16. > :08:17.you can count on the Asean summits tend to be humdrum
:08:18. > :08:23.events, perfectly stage-managed But this year has been different,
:08:24. > :08:29.thanks to the debut of Mr Duterte. It has also possibly been a missed
:08:30. > :08:32.opportunity for the Philippines. The two countries had
:08:33. > :08:35.lots to talk about - Instead, Mr Duterte has spent
:08:36. > :08:42.the first day of the summit repairing the damage
:08:43. > :08:51.his comments created. Well, Rodrigo Duterte certainly
:08:52. > :08:53.isn't the first politician to cause a diplomatic row
:08:54. > :08:56.after hurling an insult. Here's a few more you
:08:57. > :08:58.may have forgotten. Back in 1999, the Syrian government
:08:59. > :09:01.triggered a huge row with Palestine, after describing its former leader
:09:02. > :09:04.Yasser Arafat as the "son It led to major protests in Gaza
:09:05. > :09:13.with thousands of Palestinians Former London Mayor and now UK
:09:14. > :09:16.Foreign Secretary Boris Johnson raised eyebrows in 2007
:09:17. > :09:18.when he described Hillary Clinton's appearance as that
:09:19. > :09:20.of a "sadistic nurse". And who could forget this from UK
:09:21. > :09:22.politician Nigel Farage? You have the charisma of a damp rag
:09:23. > :09:25.and the appearance of a That was him describing European
:09:26. > :09:36.Council President Herman Van Rompuy It was one of many run-ins he had
:09:37. > :09:45.with the European Council. The World Health Organization has
:09:46. > :09:47.updated its advice to people who are returning from parts
:09:48. > :09:49.of the world affected Under the new guidance aimed
:09:50. > :09:52.at stopping the virus from spreading, individuals
:09:53. > :09:55.are advised to practise safe sex or even abstain from sex
:09:56. > :09:57.for six months if needed. This latest advice applies to both
:09:58. > :09:59.men and women. Previous advice was
:10:00. > :10:01.mainly directed at men. The guidance applies to individuals
:10:02. > :10:03.even if they are not displaying Zika-like symptoms,
:10:04. > :10:05.and even to people who -- even to couples who are not
:10:06. > :10:21.planning to start a family. The new advice comes amid mounting
:10:22. > :10:24.evidence that sexual transmission of the Zika virus is more common
:10:25. > :10:26.than previously thought. Let's speak to Isaac Bogoch,
:10:27. > :10:28.an infectious disease specialist He's recently been involved
:10:29. > :10:36.in new Zika research published Welcome back. What do you make of
:10:37. > :10:42.this new advice? What the World Health Organisation is doing is
:10:43. > :10:47.updating guidelines based on this evolving pattern of research which
:10:48. > :10:52.is emerging. We are learning more about the Zika virus every day and
:10:53. > :10:57.how it is transmitted and what the complications and there have been a
:10:58. > :11:02.few cases which have been transmitted or detected in the semen
:11:03. > :11:08.up to six months after infection so the WHO is taking a conservative
:11:09. > :11:14.stance and changing their guidelines to avoid sexual transmission of the
:11:15. > :11:18.virus between men and women. It seems that the sexual transmission
:11:19. > :11:25.risk is becoming a bigger factor in the warnings we are hearing. By far
:11:26. > :11:28.the primary means of transmission is from mosquitoes and the real war is
:11:29. > :11:35.come to be an avoiding mosquito bites and controlling mosquito
:11:36. > :11:39.populations. But as we know people have sex and lots of it and this can
:11:40. > :11:46.be a section which ends in to infection as well and the real
:11:47. > :11:51.concern is to ensure women who are pregnant or are considering becoming
:11:52. > :11:54.pregnant in the future do not become infected because this can have
:11:55. > :12:03.negative effects on the developing baby. These guidelines as a pretty
:12:04. > :12:08.wide net to protect women who may be pregnant or becoming pregnant soon
:12:09. > :12:13.from getting the infection and thus preventing abnormal side-effects in
:12:14. > :12:18.the developing child. So the reason people who are not considering
:12:19. > :12:25.starting a family are being told to abstain is just this wider net. Yes.
:12:26. > :12:31.They also say if people are not considering becoming pregnant, they
:12:32. > :12:36.might be in the next six months or so and we know that the virus can be
:12:37. > :12:45.transmitted six months after infection, as the case where it was
:12:46. > :12:55.transformed by one person who was well, did not feel unwell. People
:12:56. > :12:58.change their minds about becoming pregnant so really this is a
:12:59. > :13:04.protective mechanism to help avoid any complications in pregnancy. How
:13:05. > :13:11.close are we to some kind of effective treatment? Right now most
:13:12. > :13:17.of their efforts are focused on controlling the immediate threat,
:13:18. > :13:25.the mosquito population. Further ahead on the horizon are vaccines
:13:26. > :13:31.and there is a lot of effort, research and dollars going into
:13:32. > :13:38.developing a vaccine. There are these one human trials. Cautiously
:13:39. > :13:44.optimistic, maybe in 2018 something will be available, but there is a
:13:45. > :13:46.tonne of research on that front because it is a sustainable and
:13:47. > :13:48.scalable measure. Now a look at some of
:13:49. > :13:50.the day's other news. Police in Italy have arrested 21
:13:51. > :13:53.people across Europe on suspicion of smuggling refugees into Germany,
:13:54. > :13:55.Austria and France in They said the suspects charged more
:13:56. > :14:00.than $500 per passenger to ferry migrants north using a network
:14:01. > :14:02.of vehicles registered Following the strong showing
:14:03. > :14:09.for pro-democracy candidates in Hong Kong's regional elections,
:14:10. > :14:12.China has given a warning that anyone who promotes independence
:14:13. > :14:19.for the city could be punished. The fledgling pro-democracy movement
:14:20. > :14:21.won enough seats to be able to veto constitutional changes
:14:22. > :14:24.on Hong Kong's legislative council. One of Britain's most prominent
:14:25. > :14:26.Islamist preachers has been sentenced to five and a half years
:14:27. > :14:29.in prison for encouraging support Supporters of Anjem Choudary shouted
:14:30. > :14:37.Allahu Akbar, or God is great, The judge described him
:14:38. > :14:41.as "dangerous and calculating". A Frenchwoman who became the first
:14:42. > :14:44.person in the world to receive a face transplant that included
:14:45. > :14:49.the nose and mouth has died. A hospital in the northern French
:14:50. > :14:52.city of Amiens said Isabelle Dinoire Isabelle Dinoire underwent
:14:53. > :14:57.the pioneering 15-hour surgery in 2005, after she was
:14:58. > :15:05.attacked by her pet dog. Despite a growing HIV epidemic
:15:06. > :15:09.in Russia, groups working to prevent the spread of the virus
:15:10. > :15:12.are running into difficulties. So far, the government has
:15:13. > :15:15.classed four organisations as "foreign agents",
:15:16. > :15:17.a blacklisting for those who receive funding from abroad and are engaged
:15:18. > :15:19.in activity that's deemed Maxim Malyshev is an activist
:15:20. > :15:25.with the Rylkov Foundation and explains how the group's
:15:26. > :15:35.new status is affecting their work. The HIV workers blacklisted as
:15:36. > :17:39.'foreign agents' in Russia. The United States National Hurricane
:17:40. > :17:43.Center says Hurricane Newton has reached Mexico's west coast,
:17:44. > :17:46.near a popular tourist destination. The powerful storm made landfall
:17:47. > :17:49.before dawn at the southern tip The Center registered winds of 145
:17:50. > :17:55.kilometres an hour. Despite its intensity there were no
:17:56. > :18:00.immediate reports of major damage, although power cuts have been
:18:01. > :18:02.reported in some areas. Homeowners and businesses took
:18:03. > :18:04.precautions in advance with many people either
:18:05. > :18:05.leaving their properties Major highways are
:18:06. > :18:08.still operational. The hurricane is expected to lose
:18:09. > :18:13.strength over the next 24 hours. The theory that women get paid less
:18:14. > :18:16.than men because they are not sufficiently pushy in the workplace
:18:17. > :18:18.is not true. That's according to a report
:18:19. > :18:23.by Cass Business School and the universities
:18:24. > :18:25.of Warwick and Wisconsin. The study compared the details
:18:26. > :18:29.of 4,600 workers across more than 800 employers in Australia,
:18:30. > :18:32.which is thought to be the only country to systematically record
:18:33. > :18:34.whether employees had asked But they found men were 25% more
:18:35. > :18:41.likely to get a pay rise, when they compared like-for-like
:18:42. > :18:48.male and female workers. We managed to use data
:18:49. > :18:50.which we controlled So we controlled for age,
:18:51. > :18:55.whether they have children, whether they are married,
:18:56. > :18:58.the kind of work that they did, and so we had a like-for-like
:18:59. > :19:02.comparison, as you said, and that meant that, in a way,
:19:03. > :19:05.it's a first time we've been able to do this proper test
:19:06. > :19:07.so it was surprising. Another myth we have blown as well,
:19:08. > :19:11.that is that women don't ask because they are worried
:19:12. > :19:13.about upsetting their boss or But it was true that women
:19:14. > :19:18.were asking but not getting Joining me now from Washington
:19:19. > :19:26.is Ariane Hegewisch, a specialist in the gender wage gap
:19:27. > :19:40.from the Institute for So unless it is just Australian
:19:41. > :19:45.women being particularly confident in the workplace, what is going on?
:19:46. > :19:51.They are still asking for pay rises but men are getting more? This is
:19:52. > :19:58.such an interesting story and I which we -- I wish we had the same
:19:59. > :20:05.data in the US. We are focused on women being less likely to negotiate
:20:06. > :20:11.for wages. It is very welcome because a lot of women do not work
:20:12. > :20:19.in workplaces where you can negotiate in the first place, and
:20:20. > :20:23.negotiation is a very individualised approach. I am not sure what is
:20:24. > :20:28.going on in Australia or whether we would have the same results in the
:20:29. > :20:32.USA. I think it will be seen with a lot of interest here. One of the
:20:33. > :20:36.authors in the report says they have to accept they think it is some
:20:37. > :20:44.element of pure discrimination against women. I fully agree with
:20:45. > :20:48.that. We know that the wage cap is partly due to women and men doing
:20:49. > :20:56.different jobs but discrimination accounts for a big factor of what
:20:57. > :21:00.seems to be not moving and the wage cap in the United States has stayed
:21:01. > :21:07.more or less the same last 15 years even though women are more likely to
:21:08. > :21:11.move into more professional jobs and get higher educational attainment.
:21:12. > :21:14.We know from individual stories and from the statistics that there is
:21:15. > :21:20.some discrimination but we know surprisingly little of what happens
:21:21. > :21:27.in this wig box of companies when they negotiate and set pay. One
:21:28. > :21:33.thing that became clear in the report was a very interesting
:21:34. > :21:39.phenomenon with women under 40. There does not seem to be a
:21:40. > :21:44.discernible pay gap. This goes back for a long time, and also in
:21:45. > :21:49.Australia there is much more part-time work and there is here in
:21:50. > :21:55.the USA so you get more of a differentiation between people
:21:56. > :22:00.working full-time in the study and those who do not. We have always had
:22:01. > :22:08.the case that women start out with a lower wage cap and then it grows
:22:09. > :22:14.over time. Given that women are now more educated than men, younger
:22:15. > :22:16.women specifically, there should be earning more than men and they are
:22:17. > :22:22.not. He's the man who designed one
:22:23. > :22:25.of the world's most coveted super cars and now he's turned his hand
:22:26. > :22:28.to a vehicle designed to transform Gordon Murray, who built
:22:29. > :22:33.the McLaren F1, was asked to come up with a small truck that can be built
:22:34. > :22:36.from a flat-pack, is cheap, and easy to build, yet tough enough
:22:37. > :22:39.to cope with conditions across many It doesn't look like it could tackle
:22:40. > :22:48.some of the worst roads on Earth. On the surface, the Ox
:22:49. > :22:51.could be any other truck, This vehicle sort of doesn't make
:22:52. > :23:03.sense when you look at it. It's just an ordinary looking van,
:23:04. > :23:06.it's got these tiny, little wheels, it's two-wheel drive,
:23:07. > :23:10.and yet I'm driving it over what could easily be
:23:11. > :23:14.a dry riverbed in Africa, Frankly, it's doing it
:23:15. > :23:20.as well as a 4x4 would do it. In some ways, it is actually more
:23:21. > :23:26.comfortable. Believe it or not, the man
:23:27. > :23:30.who designed it also made this. The McLaren F1 is a supercar
:23:31. > :23:34.for the super-rich. Ox drivers have very
:23:35. > :23:38.different needs. When we studied the requirements,
:23:39. > :23:41.for where this vehicle was going to end up,
:23:42. > :23:43.there is a requirement ..loading livestock
:23:44. > :23:53.and barrels of fuel and water. You have designed what some people
:23:54. > :23:55.think is the best You had all those years
:23:56. > :23:59.in Formula 1. How does this rank, in terms of how
:24:00. > :24:02.hard it was to design, I know it's probably difficult
:24:03. > :24:06.to believe, but, for me, this ranks above everything else
:24:07. > :24:09.I've ever done. Designing expensive sports cars,
:24:10. > :24:12.that reaches a few people. This thing will help,
:24:13. > :24:15.if this goes into mass production, this will help thousands
:24:16. > :24:18.of people with mobility. Was it harder than
:24:19. > :24:21.designing the McLaren F1? I think in a way this is a much more
:24:22. > :24:25.difficult challenge than the F1 was. Crucially, it flat packs
:24:26. > :24:28.like furniture, so it's Three semiskilled people can
:24:29. > :24:33.build it in under 12 Every part is designed to be easy
:24:34. > :24:38.to fix, all essential requirements for the man who first dreamt
:24:39. > :24:42.up the plan. For the next step, he now
:24:43. > :24:47.hopes to make 1,000 Israeli archaeologists believe
:24:48. > :24:55.they've managed to reconstitute the patterns used in tiles that
:24:56. > :24:58.decorated the ancient Some 600 bits of stone flooring
:24:59. > :25:09.were unearthed from the site that Jews know as the Temple Mount,
:25:10. > :25:14.and Arabs call the Haram al-Shariff. The archaeologists say they have
:25:15. > :25:18.identified seven potential designs They believe the 2,000-year-old tile
:25:19. > :25:29.patterns, with their stars and squares and other shapes,
:25:30. > :25:31.would have adorned the Temple's courtyards
:25:32. > :25:33.in the days of King Herod. And the mayor of Paris says
:25:34. > :25:37.the first refugee camp in the French capital will be
:25:38. > :25:39.opened in mid-October. Anne Hidalgo said the centre,
:25:40. > :25:42.which will have an initial capacity It will followed by a second camp
:25:43. > :25:46.for women and children. The aim is for them to replace
:25:47. > :25:49.makeshift camps that have sprung up around the city,
:25:50. > :25:52.and will be housed in an old railway If you want to get in touch with us
:25:53. > :25:58.here at BBC World News,