:00:00. > :00:08.This is BBC World News Today with me, Geeta Guru-Murthy.
:00:09. > :00:12.The headlines: rare unity among world leaders in condemning
:00:13. > :00:17.North Korea's fifth and most powerful nuclear test to date.
:00:18. > :00:20.The country's leader is described as a reckless maniac by South Korea,
:00:21. > :00:22.while the UN chief urges the Security Council
:00:23. > :00:35.This is another brazen breach of the resolutions of the Security Council.
:00:36. > :00:40.The US Congress passes a law allowing families of 9/11 victims
:00:41. > :00:42.to sue the Saudi government for damages, despite
:00:43. > :00:48.At least four people are killed as a passenger train derails
:00:49. > :00:50.and hits a bridge in north-western Spain.
:00:51. > :00:56.And the groundbreaking surgery restoring sight where it
:00:57. > :01:18.World leaders have reacted with anger to North Korea's
:01:19. > :01:20.latest nuclear test - which created a blast so large
:01:21. > :01:23.it was initially thought to have been an earthquake.
:01:24. > :01:27.South Korea has accused North Korea's leader, Kim Jong-un,
:01:28. > :01:31.Even China, long an ally of the isolated communist nation,
:01:32. > :01:44.The North Korean newsreader says the nuclear test will protect
:01:45. > :02:03.main square they thought was record as from a script. In South Korea
:02:04. > :02:09.they monitored the tremors. Each test has been bigger than the one
:02:10. > :02:15.before. The device detonated this time was just short of the power of
:02:16. > :02:18.the Hiroshima bomb. Planes took off to gather a samples to try to
:02:19. > :02:27.determine what kind of device was exploded. Condemnation has been
:02:28. > :02:37.swift. We are trying to monitor to find out precisely what to place.
:02:38. > :02:41.The Security Council sent this message very strongly. The
:02:42. > :02:44.underground blast happened at this site in North Korea only nine months
:02:45. > :03:00.after the last remark last nuclear test. Yesterday in Pyongyang, the
:03:01. > :03:05.leaders collapsed in unison as they celebrated the founding of the
:03:06. > :03:12.country in 1945. For them the bomb is the icing on the cake. Here
:03:13. > :03:23.tonight in Seoul in South Korea, life goes on. The assumed Kim
:03:24. > :03:29.Jong-un bloodthirsty quest will not happen. Even though he claims it was
:03:30. > :03:35.a nuclear warhead smaller enough to go on a rocket. North Korea is just
:03:36. > :03:41.50 kilometres from here, 30 miles. It could be another world. They
:03:42. > :03:46.resume their are celebrating a great triumph tonight. Nobody knows what
:03:47. > :03:51.the people think but there is no sign of that regime being close to
:03:52. > :03:56.collapse. In recent months, North Korea has been launching missiles
:03:57. > :04:02.every ten days in defiance of the United Nations. North Korea does not
:04:03. > :04:03.have nuclear tipped missiles yet, but it is working steadily towards
:04:04. > :04:07.getting them. United Nations Secretary General Ban
:04:08. > :04:11.Ki-Moon has condemned North Korea's nuclear test and described
:04:12. > :04:13.it as a brazen breach of His statement comes shortly
:04:14. > :04:16.before the Security Council I would strongly appreciate
:04:17. > :04:25.the Security Council to unite The Security Council has met eight
:04:26. > :04:37.times this year only on DPRK issues. We are deeply concerned
:04:38. > :04:50.by continuing the act of provocation by the DPRK regimes,
:04:51. > :04:52.this time the fifth, I hope the United Nations security
:04:53. > :04:56.council will act in solidarity and unity for the international
:04:57. > :04:59.peace and security and give a strong Our correspondent Gary O'Donoghue
:05:00. > :05:17.is following it all from Washington We are getting lines through from
:05:18. > :05:22.the secretary of state saying the US are prepared to take any measures
:05:23. > :05:27.needed. What does that mean? I think that is a good question because beer
:05:28. > :05:35.in mind the UN Security Council has passed a bunch of sanctions against
:05:36. > :05:40.North Korea in the last ten years. Five sets of resolutions and
:05:41. > :05:45.sanctions and what has happened is North Korea's nuclear programme has
:05:46. > :05:49.accelerated. Two nuclear tests this year, a total of five. The testing
:05:50. > :05:54.of ballistic missile 's and the delivery mechanism potentially for
:05:55. > :06:01.those nuclear warheads. It is tricky. I think there will be
:06:02. > :06:07.pressure. The British ambassador to the UN talked about putting more
:06:08. > :06:11.people on the travel ban list and tightening sanctions and
:06:12. > :06:16.implementing sanctions. There is not a lot left. North Korea does export
:06:17. > :06:21.a lot of call, one of it's only exports. It exports them to China
:06:22. > :06:27.and there will be pressure on China to ensure the funds from that are
:06:28. > :06:30.not being used in the nuclear programme. The international
:06:31. > :06:32.community options are running out in diplomatic terms. Thank you very
:06:33. > :06:33.much indeed, Gary. Long-time Korea specialist
:06:34. > :06:34.and Honorary Senior Research Fellow at Leeds University,
:06:35. > :06:47.Aidan Foster-Carter, Thanks for joining us. Why do you
:06:48. > :06:53.think North Korea is pursuing this policy on nuclear testing? The South
:06:54. > :06:58.Korean president has attacked the leaders saying he is uncontrollable.
:06:59. > :07:03.Is that the correct analysis? Uncontrollable may well be true. The
:07:04. > :07:09.bit about being a maniac I would dispute. The north Koreans know
:07:10. > :07:15.exactly what they are doing and Kim Jong-un and under his grandfather
:07:16. > :07:19.and father, they played what the objective of the weak hand very
:07:20. > :07:24.well. What they are doing right now? The other posting themselves at
:07:25. > :07:28.home. He is still a young and new leader and untried. He is showing
:07:29. > :07:33.that he can do the stuff like his father died. He is taking advantage
:07:34. > :07:38.of the electoral window. There is a paralysis in the United States and
:07:39. > :07:43.nothing much will be done now until the next president, whoever it is.
:07:44. > :07:51.Donald Trump has said that he would talk to Kim Jong-un. South Rio has
:07:52. > :07:56.an election coming next year. I do the direct see this as defensive,
:07:57. > :08:03.the sort the fate of Iraq and they were put on the axis of evil and we
:08:04. > :08:10.want to make sure that'll never happen. What about the role of
:08:11. > :08:14.China? I think again it is naive that sometimes some people in
:08:15. > :08:19.Washington and the west expect China to do our bidding and see it our
:08:20. > :08:25.way. There is overlap with how China sees it and Western powers, but it
:08:26. > :08:31.is not identical. The strategic equation, is that there is something
:08:32. > :08:35.worse than this nasty and uncontrollable North Korea letting
:08:36. > :08:40.off bombs on their doorstep and that is in North Korea collapse. They
:08:41. > :08:47.would hit the process of that and we would hate the consequence, the
:08:48. > :08:52.German style unified Korea and that is worse, as seen from China. I do
:08:53. > :08:56.not see why some people in the west do not grasp that. China holds all
:08:57. > :09:01.the cards, if they enforce sanctions, they are in trouble.
:09:02. > :09:05.There was a row at the moment with South Korea about the missile
:09:06. > :09:09.defence system that the Chinese do not like. I think China will
:09:10. > :09:14.continue to have and, North Korea, I will continue to see it will get
:09:15. > :09:20.away with it. It is destabilising in the region but global array, how
:09:21. > :09:25.much of a threat is North Korea's -- globally. You have to rank your
:09:26. > :09:35.threats, don't you? I wish we lived in a safer world. I am exercised by
:09:36. > :09:43.the huge grip of the Islamic world. I am exercised by the Islamic State,
:09:44. > :09:52.which attracts young people and turns them into rivers. North Korea
:09:53. > :10:01.is isolated. No one is going there and surely that way lies a solution
:10:02. > :10:05.which means back to diplomacy. It is a shame we dropped the diplomatic
:10:06. > :10:15.ball this year. Thank you for your time. We appreciate it. On the
:10:16. > :10:20.question of Islamist attacks, the biggest was 9/11. It is almost 15
:10:21. > :10:21.years since the 911 attacks in New York.
:10:22. > :10:25.families of the victims have won the right to sue the Saudi Arabian
:10:26. > :10:30.The House of Representatives has passed the bill -
:10:31. > :10:31.the "Justice Against Sponsors of Terrorism Act" -
:10:32. > :10:35.despite a threat by President Obama to veto the measure.
:10:36. > :10:43.15 of the 19 hijackers were 9/11 nationals.
:10:44. > :10:49.With me now from Washington is our reporter Laura Bicker.
:10:50. > :10:58.What does this bill allow? 15 out of those 19 attackers were Saudi
:10:59. > :11:01.citizens. Saudi Arabia has denied any involvement in the 911 attacks
:11:02. > :11:07.and no direct link has ever been found. This bill would allow the
:11:08. > :11:13.victim's families to sue members of the Saudi Government or any element
:11:14. > :11:18.of the attack and leaders of this bill say this is about fighting
:11:19. > :11:24.terrorism and it is a bout a fight for justice. What this bill would do
:11:25. > :11:29.is overturn long-standing international law, which grants
:11:30. > :11:34.nation 's immunity from civil and criminal prosecutions. That law
:11:35. > :11:40.certainty is something President Obama is concerned about. He said he
:11:41. > :11:45.would veto it. He is concerned it would strain relations between Saudi
:11:46. > :11:49.Arabia and the United States and he fears a backlash. Saudi Arabia could
:11:50. > :11:54.take out their own civil or criminal cases against US citizens or
:11:55. > :11:59.companies. The bill now lands on President Obama's desk and it is a
:12:00. > :12:04.very difficult decision to make. He is not in office for that long. He
:12:05. > :12:08.is not and this will have a time limit on it the minute he beat was
:12:09. > :12:15.it. He has the Senate and Congress would have ten days after any
:12:16. > :12:23.potential veto to override it. Two thirds of the vote would do that for
:12:24. > :12:28.them. Congress believes this has bipartisan support and Hillary
:12:29. > :12:32.Clinton, the Democratic presidential candidate, support it also.
:12:33. > :12:38.President Obama finds himself isolated. Not only does he have his
:12:39. > :12:41.own party supporting this bill, he also has two way up the geopolitical
:12:42. > :12:45.consequences if he beat was it. There will be a lot of political
:12:46. > :12:54.horse trading over the next couple of weeks. Thank you very much.
:12:55. > :12:57.Four people have died in a train crash in north-west Spain.
:12:58. > :12:59.The train left the rails as it was coming
:13:00. > :13:02.into a station before veering into an electricity pylon.
:13:03. > :13:05.Looking at the wreckage, it's hard to imagine how anyone
:13:06. > :13:14.On Friday morning this train derailed in north-western Spain.
:13:15. > :13:17.Its front carriage flipped onto its side and hit an electricity
:13:18. > :13:20.Among the dead, the driver who was Portuguese.
:13:21. > :13:23.Dozens of passengers were also injured.
:13:24. > :13:33.The train breaked suitcases fell on top of us.
:13:34. > :13:36.My mother knocked into my father and hurt him.
:13:37. > :13:53.A man fell on the floor, coming out of the carriage, we saw
:13:54. > :13:57.The train had set off from the Spanish town of Vigo
:13:58. > :14:02.and was heading towards Porto in Portugal.
:14:03. > :14:05.The crash happened near the town of O Porrino about 20 minutes into
:14:06. > :14:08.The passenger train belonged to Portuguese state rail
:14:09. > :14:11.Spanish authorities have launched an investigation, but for
:14:12. > :14:13.now because of the accident remains unclear.
:14:14. > :14:16.Now a look at some of the days other news.
:14:17. > :14:19.Facebook has been accused of abusing its power by deleting one
:14:20. > :14:23.of the most famous images of the Vietnam war -
:14:24. > :14:25.a picture of a naked girl fleeing a napalm attack.
:14:26. > :14:28.The Norwegian newspaper, Aftenposten, led the criticism
:14:29. > :14:30.after the social network suspended a Norwegian writer's account
:14:31. > :14:33.because he'd used the image in a shortlist of the world's most
:14:34. > :14:46.Customs officials in Germany have confiscated 1.2 tonnes
:14:47. > :14:47.US prosecutors have charged a Volkswagen engineer
:14:48. > :14:49.over his role in developing illegal emissions-cheating software.
:14:50. > :14:52.A year ago, VW admitted installing pollution-control software in some
:14:53. > :14:54.diesel cars and vans to falsify emissions test results.
:14:55. > :14:56.The engineer, James Liang, pleaded guilty to
:14:57. > :15:00.conspiring to defraud US regulators and customers.
:15:01. > :15:03.The second day of the Paralympic Games in Rio is just
:15:04. > :15:10.There are 50 gold medals up for grabs.
:15:11. > :15:12.The first day saw Kenyan athlete Samwel Mushai Kimani winning
:15:13. > :15:15.the first Paralympic gold medal for his country and cyclist
:15:16. > :15:17.Sarah Storey becoming Britain's most successful female Paralympian
:15:18. > :15:25.Well, for the latest action lets head to the BBC's Julia Carniero
:15:26. > :15:36.Has it been a good day so far? Lots more to come. Lots of action here. I
:15:37. > :15:40.would like to bring you a highlight from yesterday. Resilient starting
:15:41. > :15:51.out well and there's Paralympic games. -- Brazil. It has golds to
:15:52. > :15:59.come. Yesterday, one of the biggest stars in the team got his first gold
:16:00. > :16:04.in these Paralympics. He is often compared referred to as the
:16:05. > :16:14.Brazilian Michael Phelps. He got gold in the 200 meter freestyle race
:16:15. > :16:17.and fifth category. He still has another eight competitions that he
:16:18. > :16:22.will take part in and saw another eight chances of winning Weddle 's.
:16:23. > :16:32.He is the most successful Paralympic athlete. In Brazil. We had golds won
:16:33. > :16:46.by Ireland, Argentina and also another one for Brazil. That went to
:16:47. > :16:53.this man. He not only won the race, he also beat his own world record
:16:54. > :17:03.and came in at 47 point 23 seconds. In that same race, bronze went to
:17:04. > :17:09.Cape Verde. There were unexpected turns today. In the 100 meter
:17:10. > :17:16.women's find out. The category for women who are totally blind, Libby
:17:17. > :17:21.Clegg from Great Britain, she got the best time out of all the
:17:22. > :17:25.athletes and made it into the final. She was later disqualified and that
:17:26. > :17:28.was because the guide who was accompanying horror was understood
:17:29. > :17:36.to have pooled her during the race and that is against the rules of the
:17:37. > :17:42.Paralympics. -- accompanying her. We have lots of action to come today
:17:43. > :17:47.and action in the stadium and in the swimming pool. Enjoy it. Thank you.
:17:48. > :17:50.Let's take a look at the medal table as it stands on day two.
:17:51. > :17:53.China has top spot with eight golds, nine silvers and four bronzes.
:17:54. > :17:56.Great Britain is in second place and hosts Brazil have also had
:17:57. > :18:01.a successful start - currently in fourth.
:18:02. > :18:05.And you can get the latest from the Paralympics Games.
:18:06. > :18:08.For detailed analysis and a sport by sport
:18:09. > :18:19.Surgeons in Britain have used a robot to
:18:20. > :18:21.operate inside the eye in a world first.
:18:22. > :18:23.The milestone for robotic technology should mean that in future surgeons
:18:24. > :18:26.will be able to do more complex procedures than are
:18:27. > :18:31.Our medical correspondent Fergus Walsh has this exclusive report.
:18:32. > :18:36.Deterioration of sight in my right eye is progressive.
:18:37. > :18:40.Bill Beaver is going blind in one eye.
:18:41. > :18:45.If, for example, I take a book, and I cover my left eye,
:18:46. > :18:49.which is still good, all I see is Marsh.
:18:50. > :18:52.His central vision is completely gone.
:18:53. > :19:04.In theatre, the surgeon uses a joystick to move to the robot arm,
:19:05. > :19:10.Robot assisted surgery is now commonplace, especially
:19:11. > :19:23.Never before has a robot been used to operate inside the eye.
:19:24. > :19:28.This is delicate surgery, involving tiny, precise movements
:19:29. > :19:36.to remove a membrane which is causing sight loss.
:19:37. > :19:42.Crucially, the robot can filter out the surgeon's hand tremors.
:19:43. > :19:49.The robot has to pivot around a tiny hole in the wall of the eye.
:19:50. > :19:51.Inside, it removes a membrane just 100th of a millimetre thick,
:19:52. > :19:53.shown in blue, which is covering the retina.
:19:54. > :19:58.That allows the hole in the retina to close.
:19:59. > :20:02.A few days later, the results are clear.
:20:03. > :20:13.Before long, his distance vision will return to normal.
:20:14. > :20:16.It is almost the world of fairy tales but it is true.
:20:17. > :20:20.It is the difference between being active and doing
:20:21. > :20:26.the things I need to do and enjoying art and enjoying life.
:20:27. > :20:31.The surgeon says that the robot was more accurate than the human hand.
:20:32. > :20:35.We are going into a new era of eye surgery where we will be placing
:20:36. > :20:38.things at the back of the eye, under the retina, very much more
:20:39. > :20:40.accurately and with greater precision than at the moment.
:20:41. > :20:43.We can certainly improve on current operations but I hope we can do
:20:44. > :20:46.new operations that currently we cannot do with a human hand,
:20:47. > :20:53.Retinal disease is the main cause of blindness in the developed world.
:20:54. > :21:01.Robots should allow many more patients to have their site saved.
:21:02. > :21:03.They were stuck all night in cable cars thousands of metres
:21:04. > :21:11.But a few hours ago, more than 30 people were finally rescued.
:21:12. > :21:14.Technicians managed to restart the service at first light and those
:21:15. > :21:16.stranded above the glaciers of Mont Blanc have now been brought
:21:17. > :21:27.Suspended 12,000 feet above the highest mountain
:21:28. > :21:30.in the Alps, over 100 tourists, including a ten-year-old child,
:21:31. > :21:34.The cars had become stuck after their cables became tangled.
:21:35. > :21:44.You can just see rescuers suspended from helicopters.
:21:45. > :21:47.One of those involved said it was like "performing surgery
:21:48. > :21:51.By night fall, 80 people had been rescued, some by helicopter,
:21:52. > :21:53.others in cabins a little nearer the ground were
:21:54. > :22:01.TRANSLATION: While the day was sunny and not foggy, they
:22:02. > :22:07.They couldn't use helicopters any more.
:22:08. > :22:10.And they lowered people on to the glacier on the places
:22:11. > :22:15.When dark arrived, they decided to stop the rescue operation
:22:16. > :22:19.But 33 people had to be left dangling overnight,
:22:20. > :22:27.In the morning, the helicopters came back, but there was still no
:22:28. > :22:29.clear idea about how to get the people down.
:22:30. > :22:32.Their ordeal finally ended when engineers managed to free
:22:33. > :22:41.the tangled cables and get the cars going again.
:22:42. > :22:50.Terrifying. A film about Edward Snowden has been polarising
:22:51. > :23:09.audiences. He is the man behind the largest
:23:10. > :23:14.leak in an as a history. In the film Snowden comes across as a decent
:23:15. > :23:26.whistle-blower, not the traitor many see him as.
:23:27. > :23:34.When I first met him in January 2014, the situation was still
:23:35. > :23:38.uncertain in Moscow and I was aware of the situation was current and
:23:39. > :23:42.dangerous and could blow up in my face. He was weary of the movie. We
:23:43. > :23:51.went ahead. What has emerged is a story very
:23:52. > :23:54.sympathetic to Snowden's cause. The screenplay,
:23:55. > :23:56.co-written by Oliver Stone, Joseph Gordon-Levitt maintains
:23:57. > :24:05.it's a drama which brings audiences a picture of Snowden that's more
:24:06. > :24:08.complete than what can be gleaned Because there are a lot
:24:09. > :24:13.of people who do view But not much weight is given to that
:24:14. > :24:18.viewpoint in this film, is it? I'm not sure there is a lot
:24:19. > :24:24.of weight to that point of view, I mean, I actually
:24:25. > :24:28.haven't really heard any specific ways in which something
:24:29. > :24:32.that he did harmed the country. Not so, say Snowden's critics,
:24:33. > :24:35.of which there are many. After seeing the trailer
:24:36. > :24:37.for the film, Rebecca Heinrichs, a fellow at the conservative
:24:38. > :24:39.Hudson Institute, became convinced that Oliver Stone
:24:40. > :24:42.had got it all wrong. There are very real,
:24:43. > :24:44.real-life consequences, in which lives, we believe,
:24:45. > :24:47.were lost because of the sort He really is a shameful individual
:24:48. > :24:55.and so, it is too bad that this film is most likely going to have a large
:24:56. > :25:00.audience and people are going to come away thinking that he's some
:25:01. > :25:02.sort of American hero, It's been reported that the film
:25:03. > :25:08.is a component of of a bigger strategy to advance an appeal
:25:09. > :25:12.for clemency for Snowden. I don't think the government's
:25:13. > :25:14.claims about harm to national So, one of these days,
:25:15. > :25:23.we're going to see Edward Snowden return home and be broadly accepted
:25:24. > :25:27.as the whistle-blower that he is. I do think that this film
:25:28. > :25:34.will help ease on that day. But Snowden will find little
:25:35. > :25:37.support from the two major Hillary Clinton has said
:25:38. > :25:42.that he will have to face the music And Donald Trump has
:25:43. > :25:45.called him "a total traitor". Tom Brook,
:25:46. > :25:58.BBC News, Toronto. Facebook has reversed its position.
:25:59. > :26:00.It will let that iconic photo from the Vietnam War. Thanks for
:26:01. > :26:06.watching.