:00:00. > :00:07.This is BBC World News Today with me, Chris Rogers.
:00:08. > :00:11.Mission to Mars - scientists send a space probe to the Red Planet.
:00:12. > :00:14.But they're still waiting to hear whether it's touched
:00:15. > :00:21.This was the scene at mission control as the mothership went
:00:22. > :00:25.into orbit around the planet - but a tiny robot probe dispatched
:00:26. > :00:29.to the surface has yet to make contact.
:00:30. > :00:34.Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump meet in Las Vegas in just a few
:00:35. > :00:39.hours' time for their third and final presidential TV debate.
:00:40. > :00:42.Thousands of Iraqi refugees from around Mosul on the move.
:00:43. > :00:45.As the fight to retake the city intensifies, we'll have a report
:00:46. > :01:00.We've been coming under heavy fire driving up this road. We had to
:01:01. > :01:01.reverse rapidly. The vehicle got stuck.
:01:02. > :01:10.We talk to the man who's letter to the terrorists moved
:01:11. > :01:23.and he coped with grief by writing more.
:01:24. > :01:28.Scientist believe they have successfully put a new satellite
:01:29. > :01:32.into orbit around Mars, and soon they'll learn
:01:33. > :01:35.whether they've also landed a small craft on the planet's surface.
:01:36. > :01:38.In a joint mission with Russia, the European Space Agency is testing
:01:39. > :01:41.out a new landing system ahead of a bigger venture in four years'
:01:42. > :01:50.The probe has travelled more than 300 million miles on a journey
:01:51. > :01:56.When it entered Mars' atmosphere, it was travelling
:01:57. > :02:05.That's nearly 21,000 kilometres an hour.
:02:06. > :02:07.Our Science Editor, David Shukman, filed this report
:02:08. > :02:18.Nervous times in mission control. Flight engineers wondering why the
:02:19. > :02:23.signal from their spacecraft suddenly stopped a minute before
:02:24. > :02:27.landing. We expected it to continue. Clearly, it did not stop what they
:02:28. > :02:34.had managed to get an orbiting spacecraft to so-called Mars, but
:02:35. > :02:38.the lander is key. The tantalising question is whether the great
:02:39. > :02:39.canyons and craters scarring the surface of Mars might not be as
:02:40. > :02:40.barren as they look. So this mission is testing new ways
:02:41. > :02:42.of getting there. An animation shows how the lander
:02:43. > :02:45.is ejected from an orbiter. A heat shield to cope
:02:46. > :02:49.with the Martian atmosphere. The parachute deploying
:02:50. > :02:54.at just the right time, With the final drop
:02:55. > :03:04.onto the surface. This is a replica of the lander,
:03:05. > :03:07.it's about the same size. It looks like something out
:03:08. > :03:10.of Doctor Who, but it is designed to pave the way to a new
:03:11. > :03:19.understanding of Mars. A lot can be learned by orbiting
:03:20. > :03:21.Mars. But the key to the search
:03:22. > :03:25.for life is landing. It's the door to future exploration,
:03:26. > :03:28.if the door to getting people And if you want to search for signs
:03:29. > :03:33.of life and find them physically, you've got to get down
:03:34. > :03:35.to the surface and do it. The plan is to follow today's
:03:36. > :03:38.mission with a robotic rover It's possible there used to be life
:03:39. > :03:44.on Mars and maybe there still is. All this is very poignant
:03:45. > :03:52.for British science. Remember the Beagle II
:03:53. > :03:54.spacecraft and its charismatic His mission to Mars
:03:55. > :04:01.in 2003 didn't work. He died two years ago,
:04:02. > :04:14.but his legacy lives on. For us, I think we've got a great
:04:15. > :04:20.sense of pride that actually the legacy dad left behind is not
:04:21. > :04:24.necessarily Beagle 2-macro Amir instruments and technology, but the
:04:25. > :04:25.fact that he was so inspirational to the people currently involved in
:04:26. > :04:26.these missions. The big puzzle is whether we are
:04:27. > :04:29.alone in the universe. And each mission to Mars takes us
:04:30. > :04:33.closer to the answer. Our Science Correspondent
:04:34. > :04:48.Pallab Ghosh joins us now Celebrations, but not quite out of
:04:49. > :04:52.the woods yet? Not out of the woods because we don't know what's
:04:53. > :04:57.happened to the lander. I have to say at the moment it's not looking
:04:58. > :05:02.good for a successful landing. We've had 2-macro separate methods to try
:05:03. > :05:06.and confirm that it landed safely. Neither have confirmed that. Were
:05:07. > :05:10.expecting another tranche of data in about an hour's time. We'll have a
:05:11. > :05:20.clearer idea of what happened. With me to talk through what might or
:05:21. > :05:26.might not happened is a scientist. Can you tell me where we are with
:05:27. > :05:29.the lander? We lost transmission about a minute before it landed. Did
:05:30. > :05:36.it landed successfully, or did it crash land? As you said, we don't
:05:37. > :05:41.know yet precisely. What happened was that when the lander enters the
:05:42. > :05:51.atmosphere, it sends out a signal which was monitored by a radio Ray
:05:52. > :05:55.in India. The signal was weak. This was an experimental test to see
:05:56. > :05:58.whether we can do that. That indeed was where we lost the transition at
:05:59. > :06:05.some point. It was unclear whether it was just a weak signal. We now
:06:06. > :06:10.have had the same signal transmitted to us by our Mars express orbiter
:06:11. > :06:15.and the data is inconclusive. So we just don't know. We will know when
:06:16. > :06:19.we have contact with another American spacecraft. We are seeing
:06:20. > :06:23.celebrations of the successful insertion of the orbiter. But you're
:06:24. > :06:27.saying that the results from the Mars express orbiter, the stronger
:06:28. > :06:33.signal, was inconclusive. What do you mean by that? The signal, you
:06:34. > :06:40.have certain expectations of what you want to see. But we do this is
:06:41. > :06:43.the first time. We may simply not be understanding the data properly and
:06:44. > :06:52.that's why we really have too wait of the signal by the American
:06:53. > :06:55.orbiter. You're hoping that you'll even find out what it landed
:06:56. > :07:00.successfully. If it hasn't, it really isn't looking good? If we
:07:01. > :07:05.don't get a signal from the lander then the lander is not functioning
:07:06. > :07:07.properly. But let's be positive, we still have some time and also the
:07:08. > :07:14.orbiter works apparently very nicely. Thank you very much. So
:07:15. > :07:20.still an anxious wait. We'll have more for you in an hour or so. In
:07:21. > :07:24.the meantime, everyone here is firmly crossing their fingers. Back
:07:25. > :07:27.to use. So are we. We want to report some good news in an hour. Thank you
:07:28. > :07:29.for that. If the first two were anything to go
:07:30. > :07:32.by, this last US presidential debate between Donald Trump
:07:33. > :07:34.and Hillary Clinton will see yet With three weeks to go,
:07:35. > :07:38.the final head to head encounter in Las Vegas in a few hours' time
:07:39. > :07:43.is an opportunity for Donald Trump to reverse the recent losses
:07:44. > :07:47.he's had in the polls. The BBC poll of polls currently
:07:48. > :07:49.gives Hillary Clinton Here's our North America
:07:50. > :07:54.Editor, Jon Sopel. This is a city where you can win big
:07:55. > :07:59.and invariably, lose even bigger. Most things that Donald Trump has
:08:00. > :08:05.touched have turned to gold. But in this presidential race,
:08:06. > :08:11.he has started to fall behind. And whisper it quietly,
:08:12. > :08:20.he might end up the loser. So tonight, in the final debate,
:08:21. > :08:25.Donald Trump like never Does he gamble on a scorched earth
:08:26. > :08:36.policy in an attempt to drag Or does he try to look presidential,
:08:37. > :08:41.calm and measured, and put his chips Hi, my name is Maria,
:08:42. > :08:45.I'm a volunteer at the Nevada And this is where Hillary Clinton
:08:46. > :08:55.is better resourced I was calling to see
:08:56. > :08:59.if we still have your support More field offices, more staff,
:09:00. > :09:03.and in South Nevada alone, they have registered more
:09:04. > :09:05.than 150,000 more Democratic voters than the Trump
:09:06. > :09:11.campaign have Republicans. The next three weeks
:09:12. > :09:13.will yield more conversations with voters around the country,
:09:14. > :09:15.more knocking on doors, more phone calls, more volunteers
:09:16. > :09:18.getting out the vote. And really the excitement
:09:19. > :09:20.of the electorate, who are continuing to tune in more
:09:21. > :09:23.and more every day. This is one of Donald Trump's
:09:24. > :09:26.only offices in Nevada. His campaign team never
:09:27. > :09:31.returned our calls. But we caught up with his supporters
:09:32. > :09:35.downtown as they waited They may not have infrastructure,
:09:36. > :09:39.but they have a mass Every time I've gone
:09:40. > :09:45.to any type of rally, They're showing up because
:09:46. > :09:50.there is a round game. He is not getting a fair shake,
:09:51. > :09:53.and that is why I'm here. He is going to change our country,
:09:54. > :09:56.he is going to do really Moments after that, Donald Trump's
:09:57. > :10:00.convoy swept into the hotel. He needs a small miracle tonight
:10:01. > :10:02.to turn things round. But Nevada is full of people
:10:03. > :10:22.convinced their luck We can all have a lot of fun with
:10:23. > :10:26.the cliches around it being held in Las Vegas, the place where people
:10:27. > :10:30.gamble. We heard a reporter say there is big winners and big losers.
:10:31. > :10:36.But actually, this is really serious. Mr Trump has really got to
:10:37. > :10:39.try and turn things around night. Yes, he really does. This is his
:10:40. > :10:43.last chance to try to turn around his campaign. His last opportunity
:10:44. > :10:48.to be on a national stage speaking to millions of voters across the
:10:49. > :10:52.country. Not just those of his supporters who show up at his
:10:53. > :10:56.rallies, but millions of Americans who will be tuning into this debate
:10:57. > :11:00.tonight. We don't expect that the number of people tuning in will be
:11:01. > :11:04.as high as in the first debate, which set a record with 84 million
:11:05. > :11:09.people. But still there is a lot at stake. And for Hillary Clinton, this
:11:10. > :11:12.is an opportunity to try to close the deal. Donald Trump has had a
:11:13. > :11:17.rough ten days, but she has also had to battle back against all these
:11:18. > :11:21.e-mails that are coming out. E-mails that were hacked from her campaign
:11:22. > :11:25.manager's account that shows some of the inner workings of the campaign.
:11:26. > :11:29.If she weren't running against someone like Donald Trump, who has
:11:30. > :11:34.had his own troubles, she would be having a harder time as well in this
:11:35. > :11:37.portion of the election cycle. But she is, on average, nine points
:11:38. > :11:42.ahead in most polls. She is crucially ahead in battle ground
:11:43. > :11:46.states, even making inroads in traditionally Republican states like
:11:47. > :11:50.Arizona. For her tonight it is about closing the deal and putting forward
:11:51. > :11:58.a positive vision, not just telling people not to vote for Trump.
:11:59. > :12:04.Briefly, how much should we read into these polls? We know there are
:12:05. > :12:07.undecided voters. We also know there are possibly silent Trump voters as
:12:08. > :12:13.well he won't want to admit that they are putting the Donald Trump.
:12:14. > :12:18.That is the big unknown. Of course, the Clinton campaign will be looking
:12:19. > :12:21.closely at that. Donald Trump says that he has a lot of enthusiasm on
:12:22. > :12:27.his site. That he will bring out a lot of new voters to the polls as
:12:28. > :12:32.well. But his allegations that the system is rigged, that the election
:12:33. > :12:37.is rigged, is also risking to depress voter turnout which is a
:12:38. > :12:41.problem for both candidates. Kim, you are in for an interesting night
:12:42. > :12:42.tonight. Much more from youth rugby next two hours no doubt in Las
:12:43. > :12:50.Vegas. -- much more from you throughout the
:12:51. > :12:54.next 2-macro hours. You can see the third Presidential
:12:55. > :12:57.debate live from Las Vegas There's also plenty of campaign
:12:58. > :13:00.analysis on our website. One article looks at whether a US
:13:01. > :13:03.election could be rigged Thousands have escaped the city
:13:04. > :13:12.and surrounding area, since a major Iraqi offensive
:13:13. > :13:14.against so called Islamic State militants got under way
:13:15. > :13:16.three days ago. And the numbers are only
:13:17. > :13:19.going to increase - with the UN preparing for,
:13:20. > :13:22.what they fear could be the biggest man-made humanitarian
:13:23. > :13:24.crisis in recent times Our correspondent Jonathan Beale has
:13:25. > :13:26.been with an Iraqi rapid reaction unit and sent this report
:13:27. > :13:37.from near the town of Qayyarah. There was a brief pause and a chance
:13:38. > :13:40.to regroup before the Iraqi army Around 70 villages still have
:13:41. > :13:43.to be cleared before We travelled with General Abbas
:13:44. > :13:56.as he prepared to advance. So-called Islamic State or Daesh
:13:57. > :13:59.fighters, had already been spotted. I'm going to put my troops
:14:00. > :14:02.to the left side After that the coalition forces
:14:03. > :14:12.will attack these guys Our goal is to let
:14:13. > :14:22.the citizens be safe. Three suicide truck bombs
:14:23. > :14:44.were approaching at speed. They put their foot down,
:14:45. > :14:48.taking evasive manoeuvres. Two attackers never
:14:49. > :14:53.reached their target. The Iraqi army finished off
:14:54. > :14:57.the third. Are you worried about
:14:58. > :15:09.truck bombs, the threat I will be ready,
:15:10. > :15:17.because they are my men. Reinforcements arrived with reports
:15:18. > :15:20.of more Islamic State While some of them were killed,
:15:21. > :15:41.most managed to escape. Back on the move, but it wasn't long
:15:42. > :15:52.before we were halted in our tracks. There were repeated
:15:53. > :15:56.harrying attacks. In one afternoon, they had barely
:15:57. > :15:58.moved forward a mile. And the fight is expected to be much
:15:59. > :16:01.tougher in Mosul, As we hastily pulled back,
:16:02. > :16:07.our Humvee crashed. We have been coming under heavy
:16:08. > :16:09.fire, we have been travelling up The vehicle got stuck and we had
:16:10. > :16:15.to come running back Our stranded Humvee and a trail
:16:16. > :16:21.of destruction suggests this Our correspondent Richard Galpin
:16:22. > :16:33.is in the Iraqi army's airbase in Qayarrah itself -
:16:34. > :16:48.south of of Mosul. He explained that the Iraqi army is
:16:49. > :16:54.making slow but steady progress. What we know is that the Iraqi army,
:16:55. > :16:57.this is the operations command here at this base. Obviously a lot of
:16:58. > :17:01.troops around here and a lot of equipment, although most have gone
:17:02. > :17:04.up north from the road towards Mosul. We know that the Iraqi army
:17:05. > :17:09.had been pushing this offensive. They've been trying to move further
:17:10. > :17:14.up those roads towards the city. Certainly one of my colleagues was
:17:15. > :17:21.with one Iraqi army unit there. They came under pretty fierce fire. The
:17:22. > :17:26.Islamic State militants were using mortars and rocket as well as
:17:27. > :17:31.machine guns. And there was panic at one stage when the soldiers believed
:17:32. > :17:34.that three vehicles which have suddenly appeared from a village
:17:35. > :17:37.nearby were driving toward them. They assumed that they were suicide
:17:38. > :17:43.bombers and panicked and started to run away. Obviously, that will be of
:17:44. > :17:48.concern for the Iraqi command if that kind of incident is repeated.
:17:49. > :17:52.What the Iraqi army is saying officially is that they are making
:17:53. > :17:57.slow, steady progress up the road towards most. Right let's have a
:17:58. > :17:59.look at some other news. The UK Government has ruled out
:18:00. > :18:01.using dental checks to verify the age of child migrants
:18:02. > :18:03.arriving from Calais. There is concern that some of those
:18:04. > :18:06.entering Britain are adults. A call from the conservative British
:18:07. > :18:08.politician David Davies to carry our dental checks
:18:09. > :18:11.to establish their age had been Indonesia's President
:18:12. > :18:19.says his government's new policy of chemically castrating paedophiles
:18:20. > :18:21.could "wipe out" sex crimes. Speaking exclusively to the BBC,
:18:22. > :18:24.Joko Widodo said he respected human rights, but there could be no
:18:25. > :18:27.compromise when it came In the first case of its kind
:18:28. > :18:34.at the International Criminal Court, the former Congolese Vice President
:18:35. > :18:36.Jean-Pierre Bemba has been found guilty of bribing witnesses
:18:37. > :18:40.at his war crimes trial. Judges ruled that Mr Bemba and four
:18:41. > :18:44.of his aides offered money and other inducements to fourteen witnesses
:18:45. > :18:51.and coached them in what to say In Hong Kong pro-Beijing politicians
:18:52. > :18:54.blocked the swearing in of two new lawmakers who want a split
:18:55. > :18:56.from China, the latest incident in an increasingly
:18:57. > :18:59.divided parliament. It comes as fears grow
:19:00. > :19:02.in the semi-autonomous city that Danny Vincent reports -
:19:03. > :19:21.and just a warning, there is some Another week, another Hong Kong
:19:22. > :19:25.swearing in ceremony. Last week, three lawmakers both to the
:19:26. > :19:30.government were rejected. Today was their second chance to pledge their
:19:31. > :19:36.allegiance. -- lawmakers' oath is. Today, instead, chaos ensued. This
:19:37. > :19:38.time, a mass walk-out triggering the end of the session. Inside, a mini
:19:39. > :19:57.parliament was paralysed. The one who should apologise to the
:19:58. > :20:04.whole of Hong Kong should be the pro-Beijing campus. Because they're
:20:05. > :20:09.the ones who are be -- who are betraying Hong Kong. Last week, the
:20:10. > :20:14.activists used the swearing in ceremony at the state-run protests.
:20:15. > :20:21.Today, a protest against the would-be lawmakers. TRANSLATION:
:20:22. > :20:27.They can't be our legislators because they are the running dogs of
:20:28. > :20:31.Japan. We are China. The way they called China is an insult to China
:20:32. > :20:37.and the people living in Hong Kong. It is an insult to the 1.3 billion
:20:38. > :20:42.Hong Kong people. Hong Kong is moving into new political territory.
:20:43. > :20:45.Some want more independence from the Beijing government. Others see
:20:46. > :20:53.China's rise as an opportunity for Hong Kong. They really have gone too
:20:54. > :21:00.far. They owe us an apology. I think they provoke a lot of Hong Kong
:21:01. > :21:09.people and also they are simply provoking Chinese people. They do
:21:10. > :21:14.owe us an apology. Fournel, Hong Kong is in the middle of a political
:21:15. > :21:17.deadlock. Two weeks, two suspensions of the council and the future of two
:21:18. > :21:20.political activist hangs in the balance.
:21:21. > :21:22.300 years ago, the first Russian Orthodox church
:21:23. > :21:27.This week, the head of the Russian Orthodox Church,
:21:28. > :21:30.Patriarch Kirill, travelled to the UK to mark the anniversary.
:21:31. > :21:32.He is a controversial figure and a strong supporter
:21:33. > :21:34.of President Putin -calling his tenure a "miracle of god".
:21:35. > :22:53.While in the UK, he'll be meeting Queen Elizabeth.
:22:54. > :22:55.It's almost a year since the world watched in horror
:22:56. > :23:00.In the aftermath, the words of one man seemed to capture
:23:01. > :23:07.His wife, Helene, died in the Bataclan theatre.
:23:08. > :23:14.His letter, addressed to the attackers, titled
:23:15. > :23:16.You Will Not Have My Hate was viewed by tens
:23:17. > :23:20.He discussed his new book and the impact of that letter
:23:21. > :23:23.with our Europe Correspondent - Damian Grammaticas.
:23:24. > :23:26.On Friday night you stole away the life of an exceptional being.
:23:27. > :23:28.The love of my life, the mother of my son.
:23:29. > :23:35.I do not know who you are and I don't want to know.
:23:36. > :23:45.Today, Antoine Leiris remains defiant, dignified,
:23:46. > :23:53.For me it is the only way to not fall in craziness.
:23:54. > :24:04.Yes, sometimes it's difficult, sometimes hate comes and knocks
:24:05. > :24:07.on my door and says hey, I'm there, and simple,
:24:08. > :24:15.You can go with me, it will be easier for you.
:24:16. > :24:18.But I just let her out of our house and yes, I think it was
:24:19. > :24:34.How he dealt with the loss of his wife Helene at the Bataclan.
:24:35. > :24:37.When you close a dead person's eyes, you give them back a little
:24:38. > :24:43.She looks like the woman I watched wake-up each morning.
:24:44. > :24:48.I want to lie next to her languorous body, warm her up, tell her she's
:24:49. > :24:54.It was like the walls of my room when I was alone were
:24:55. > :25:04.And I was like suffocating, but writing was an open door
:25:05. > :25:08.So writing has been Antoine's escape.
:25:09. > :25:12.A way to keep alive his connection with his wife.
:25:13. > :25:16.He buried Helene here in Montmartre and while he bears no hatred
:25:17. > :25:18.towards her killers, there is one thing Antoine has
:25:19. > :25:36.Because it's a connection to your wife?
:25:37. > :25:38.Because it's a testimony, like even a physical
:25:39. > :25:42.You felt it inside you, very strongly.
:25:43. > :25:54.If the testimony of how I loved Helene.
:25:55. > :26:01.That's all from the programme. Next, the weather.
:26:02. > :26:07.That's all from the programme. Next, the weather.
:26:08. > :26:11.There is a slow evolution in the weather pattern at the moment,
:26:12. > :26:12.rather than radical