10/01/2017

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:00:07. > :00:11.This is BBC World News Today with me, Nuala McGovern.

:00:12. > :00:14.The headlines: The man Donald Trump wants to be the US Attorney General

:00:15. > :00:17.faces protesters as he is questioned by fellow senators.

:00:18. > :00:20.Jeff Sessions said claims he'd once sympathised with the Ku Klux Klan

:00:21. > :00:22.were "damnably false" and denied failing to protect

:00:23. > :00:30.the rights of minorities in the past.

:00:31. > :00:41.This caricature of Louis in the 86 was not correct. I had become the

:00:42. > :00:43.latest attorney. I supported civil rights attorneys, major civil rights

:00:44. > :00:46.cases in my district. we'll be live in Chicago

:00:47. > :00:50.to enter the White House where President Obama's preparing

:00:51. > :01:00.to make his farewell address. Emotional scenes in Iran

:01:01. > :01:03.as an estimated 3 million people pay their last respects to former

:01:04. > :01:05.President Rafsanjani - a hugely

:01:06. > :01:06.influential reformist leader. Also coming up,

:01:07. > :01:09.from 32 countries to 48 - Fifa says it's expanding

:01:10. > :01:10.football's World Cup. The woman who sat on the

:01:11. > :01:13.front row of history. British war correspondent

:01:14. > :01:37.Clare Hollingworth 1935, I went out and I got to Warsaw

:01:38. > :01:43.and he said, one of us has got to go to the frontier and I was on the

:01:44. > :01:58.German- Polish frontier and the German hordes, tanks, moved in.

:01:59. > :02:02.the next President of the United States in ten days' time.

:02:03. > :02:05.On Tuesday the team he has picked to help him govern came

:02:06. > :02:08.under the spotlight as Republicans and Democrats clashed over his picks

:02:09. > :02:18.for the cabinet, in confirmation hearings by the US Senate.

:02:19. > :02:20.Trump's choice for Attorney General - Alabama Senator Jeff Sessions -

:02:21. > :02:23.is the first to be put through his paces.

:02:24. > :02:24.Mr Sessions is regarded as staunchly conservative

:02:25. > :02:27.though he says he's been misjudged because he's from South Alabama.

:02:28. > :02:29.Throughout his career he's been accused of racism,

:02:30. > :02:32.but at the hearing he repeated his assertions

:02:33. > :02:38.that he doesn't harbour race-based discrimination.

:02:39. > :02:41.Mr Sessions also opposes amnesty for undocumented immigrants

:02:42. > :02:43.and was an early supporter of Donald Trump's call

:02:44. > :02:45.to build a wall along the border with Mexico.

:02:46. > :02:47.From the beginning, the hearing was interrupted several times

:02:48. > :03:26.Barbara Plett Usher is in Washington.

:03:27. > :03:33.Barbra, good to have you with us. When it began, those previous

:03:34. > :03:40.controversies followed Senator Sessions into the room. His

:03:41. > :03:44.ultraconservative positions have many people worried about whether

:03:45. > :03:49.he's going to protect gay rights, women's rights, minority rights. The

:03:50. > :03:54.leading Democratic Senate committee said it had received thousands of

:03:55. > :04:02.opposition letters. As you saw from the protesters there are, there is

:04:03. > :04:06.particular concern about his civil rights record and allegations of

:04:07. > :04:12.racism as well as allegations that he supported the Ku Kux Klan in the

:04:13. > :04:18.past, things he firmly denies. The complaints about the Klan case that

:04:19. > :04:24.I prosecuted and supported are false. And I do hope this hearing

:04:25. > :04:30.today will show that I conducted myself honourably and properly at

:04:31. > :04:33.that time and that I am the same person, perhaps wiser and maybe a

:04:34. > :04:43.little better, I hope so, today, than I was then, but I did not

:04:44. > :04:47.harbour the kind of animosities and raced -based discrimination ideas

:04:48. > :04:50.that I was accused of. I did not. He was hoping that his record might be

:04:51. > :04:58.improved somehow by this hearing. What would you say after watching

:04:59. > :05:05.this hearing take place? He was given plenty of a chance to defend

:05:06. > :05:10.his record as well as 20 challenges to explain the skin changes those.

:05:11. > :05:13.One of those was with regards to the issue of Muslims being banned from

:05:14. > :05:18.the country. Remember that Mr Trump during his campaign proposed having

:05:19. > :05:23.this temporarily ban on Muslims. He stepped back from that, later. When

:05:24. > :05:25.the Democrats try to propose the red legislation in Congress,

:05:26. > :05:29.specifically saying that no one should be barred for religious

:05:30. > :05:33.reasons, Mr Sessions voted against that. He was asked about that and he

:05:34. > :05:38.said he did not support banning Muslims as a religion or banning any

:05:39. > :05:43.group as a religion but he did want the freedom or the right to ban

:05:44. > :05:47.terrorists who might be inspired by their religion and he spelt that out

:05:48. > :05:51.fully in this exchange. Would you support a law that says you cannot

:05:52. > :05:56.come to America because you are a Muslim? No. Would you support a law

:05:57. > :06:01.that says that, if you are a Muslim, you say you're a Muslim, I'm going

:06:02. > :06:06.to ask what that means you, does that mean that I have to kill

:06:07. > :06:11.everybody that's different me, to say they cannot come? I heard that

:06:12. > :06:15.would be a pertinent decision. I hope that we can kill everybody was

:06:16. > :06:18.the come to the country who wants to kill people because of their

:06:19. > :06:23.religion but that is not what most people of the Muslim faith belief.

:06:24. > :06:29.But it can be the religion of that person. That's right. That is the

:06:30. > :06:35.point we are trying to make here. The quizzing and the tone of this

:06:36. > :06:39.hearing showed just how concerned minorities in particular are about

:06:40. > :06:43.Mr Sessions, the possibility of him being Attorney General and about the

:06:44. > :06:47.Trump presidency in general. The Democrats will use the file two days

:06:48. > :07:02.they have to continue exploring that. -- the full two days. Let's

:07:03. > :07:04.turn now to another story in the United States.

:07:05. > :07:07.As President Obama prepares to leave the White House,

:07:08. > :07:09.many are taking time to assess his time in office.

:07:10. > :07:11.His farewell address will come from Chicago later today.

:07:12. > :07:13.President Obama is expected to highlight his achievements

:07:14. > :07:15.including promoting America's place in the world.

:07:16. > :07:18.He may point to his successes - negotiations of a deal with Iran

:07:19. > :07:20.over its nuclear programme, for example,

:07:21. > :07:21.or the capture of Osama Bin Laden.

:07:22. > :07:24.But the conflict in Syria, the rise of so-called Islamic State,

:07:25. > :07:26.and deteriorating relations with Israel and Russia

:07:27. > :07:29.Our North America Editor Jon Sopel looks at

:07:30. > :07:31.President Obama's foreign policy legacy.

:07:32. > :07:34.There was always something upside down about Barack Obama receiving

:07:35. > :07:38.the Nobel Peace Prize before he had really done anything as president.

:07:39. > :07:43.When he came to office, one the greatest strategic threats

:07:44. > :07:45.was Iran, a resurgent power in the region.

:07:46. > :07:49.But more important than that was securing a multinational deal

:07:50. > :07:51.to curb the nuclear ambitions of Tehran.

:07:52. > :08:02.despite fierce opposition from the Israeli Prime Minister.

:08:03. > :08:05.When Benjamin Netanyahu came to address Congress two years ago,

:08:06. > :08:08.there was fury in the White House, they were angry that an invitation

:08:09. > :08:09.had been extended by Republican leaders

:08:10. > :08:11.and accepted without the president knowing.

:08:12. > :08:13.But very soon someone much more to the Israeli Prime Minister's

:08:14. > :08:21.liking will be occupying the White House and the quest

:08:22. > :08:24.-- question the world is asking, will the Iran nuclear deal survives

:08:25. > :08:29.Over here we have been told that no deal is better than a bad deal.

:08:30. > :08:43.His relationship with Netanyahu was one low point, culminating

:08:44. > :08:46.in the US refusing to veto a UN resolution critical of the Israeli

:08:47. > :08:54.The chemistry with the Russian leader Vladimir Putin

:08:55. > :08:58.Crimea, cyber espionage and Syria left them barely speaking.

:08:59. > :09:00.The pledge at the beginning of his presidency was all about disengaging

:09:01. > :09:03.from costly conflict and bringing the troops back home.

:09:04. > :09:06.We can say to those families who've lost loved ones to Al-Qaeda terror,

:09:07. > :09:20.But the optimism brought by the successful raid

:09:21. > :09:22.to kill Osama bin Laden in 2011 and the spread

:09:23. > :09:26.Would eventually be replaced by a middle east in flames.

:09:27. > :09:28.And the rise of so-called Islamic State, the fight against

:09:29. > :09:31.Arguably the low point for President Obama

:09:32. > :09:34.in the Middle East has been Syria, which has been a humanitarian

:09:35. > :09:42.catastrophe, sparking the worst refugee crisis since World War II.

:09:43. > :09:45.And the president's failure to act against President Assad

:09:46. > :09:47.in spite of much huffing and puffing,

:09:48. > :09:58.A red line for us is, we start seeing a whole

:09:59. > :10:00.of chemical weapons moving around before being utilised.

:10:01. > :10:10.I think it was a mistake not to enforce the red line.

:10:11. > :10:13.When the US is clearly saying there could be

:10:14. > :10:15.consequences for a certain action, it is important

:10:16. > :10:18.I also would not confuse that with crossing the chemical weapons

:10:19. > :10:21.red line with the notion that there was intervention

:10:22. > :10:29.Obama's policy toward Syria is much like the embassy here in Washington,

:10:30. > :10:32.an empty shell, newspapers piling on the doorstep, the windows barred.

:10:33. > :10:34.And in the talks to bring peace to the country,

:10:35. > :10:38.Barack Obama has flip-flopped over whether to take military action,

:10:39. > :10:41.too slow to react to the dangers of so-called Islamic State.

:10:42. > :10:43.It has been a period in which American influence

:10:44. > :10:55.From one empty embassy to another, influence has increased.

:10:56. > :10:57.that has had new life breathed into it,

:10:58. > :10:59.this is the Cuban Embassy in north-west Washington.

:11:00. > :11:11.For over 50 years it lay derelict, last legacy the Cold War.

:11:12. > :11:17.In the warmth of the Caribbean island, Barack Obama consigned

:11:18. > :11:19.the last piece of icy Cold War legacy to history.

:11:20. > :11:22.Cuba had brought the world to the edge of nuclear war.

:11:23. > :11:23.Now diplomatic relations are restored,

:11:24. > :11:27.He leaves office largely admired and popular around the world.

:11:28. > :11:30.Not least for his role in the global climate change deal.

:11:31. > :11:32.He tried to carve out a foreign policy

:11:33. > :11:36.that he saw as right for the times.

:11:37. > :11:39.But as the commander-in-chief was given the traditional

:11:40. > :11:42.sendoff, in his own way, was he as destructive

:11:43. > :11:54.to US power and influence as his predecessor, George W Bush?

:11:55. > :11:57.And what would the Nobel committee make of him, eight years on?

:11:58. > :12:03.Our Correspondent Gary O'Donoghue joins us now from Chicago.

:12:04. > :12:10.Good to have you with us. It looks incredibly cold well you are. Tell

:12:11. > :12:19.me about the mood in the run-up to this farewell speech. It is going to

:12:20. > :12:25.be a momentous occasion. It is an overused word, but it really is,

:12:26. > :12:30.because it will mark, in a sense, President Obama's last chance to sum

:12:31. > :12:36.up what he thinks he has achieved, to book end his presidency, do not

:12:37. > :12:39.just list his achievements as he sees it but do tried to weave

:12:40. > :12:46.together those achievements into some sort of idea of how America has

:12:47. > :12:50.improved over the last eight years, in his view, under his stewardship.

:12:51. > :12:56.There will be much about the economy and about jobs. A lot about criminal

:12:57. > :13:04.justice reform. Of course there will be talk about his signature policy

:13:05. > :13:08.on health care. And there may be an admission two about what he would

:13:09. > :13:14.have liked to have done but didn't get done such as comprehensive

:13:15. > :13:19.immigration reform and gun control. What will be interesting, I think,

:13:20. > :13:24.is the extent to which he sort of sounds a warning bell about the

:13:25. > :13:30.future, about the risks he would proceed to all that from the Trump

:13:31. > :13:34.presidency. I would be surprised if he did an all-out attack on Donald

:13:35. > :13:39.Trump. That wouldn't be very statesman-like or very much like

:13:40. > :13:42.Obama, to be honest. I wonder if he will try to work in America about

:13:43. > :13:49.the risks he sees going forward, because, of course, it is not just

:13:50. > :13:53.the consequences for those people out there, if 20 million people were

:13:54. > :13:58.to lose their health insurance, it is his legacy that is at stake. This

:13:59. > :14:06.is his last big platform to secure that legacy. Is it just support that

:14:07. > :14:12.you are seeing for Obama in his adopted hometown? There have been

:14:13. > :14:18.many disillusioned or disappointed Obama voters, too. Yes, there have.

:14:19. > :14:23.He leaves office with extraordinary approval ratings of 55-57%. That is

:14:24. > :14:27.pretty good for an outgoing president after eight years in

:14:28. > :14:30.power. Bill Clinton had something around that when he left. It is

:14:31. > :14:36.really uncommon for that sort of level. The audience here tonight

:14:37. > :14:40.will be interesting. Many of them will be from Chicago. And of course

:14:41. > :14:45.this city has been through some terrible times recently. Take this

:14:46. > :14:50.for a statistic. 762 people were murdered in this town last year.

:14:51. > :14:55.That is more than New York and Los Angeles put together. There are

:14:56. > :15:00.still problems in America. There are still problems in his back yard, his

:15:01. > :15:08.adopted town. People will feel that perhaps he could have done more to

:15:09. > :15:11.do something about that. You can understand why Chicago is known as

:15:12. > :15:22.the Windy city! Stay warm, thank you for coming on the programme today.

:15:23. > :15:24.Some estimates say 3.5 million people turned out

:15:25. > :15:29.in the streets for the funeral of one of the key figures

:15:30. > :15:30.in post-Revolution politics, Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani.

:15:31. > :15:33.It was the biggest show of force by the supporters

:15:34. > :15:35.of the reform movement for many years.

:15:36. > :15:37.Initially criticised for his harsh rule, he became a key reformist.

:15:38. > :15:39.Mr Rafsanjani has been buried alongside the founder

:15:40. > :15:48.of the Islamic Republic - Ayatollah Khomeini.

:15:49. > :15:52.Prayers for one of the last major figures of the 1979 revolution,

:15:53. > :15:54.Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani, whose white cleric's turban

:15:55. > :15:59.They were led by Ayatollah Ali Khameini, who, despite

:16:00. > :16:01.their differences, has described Mr Rafsanjani

:16:02. > :16:13.At the Supreme Leader's side, the current moderate President,

:16:14. > :16:15.Hassan Rouhani, who has now lost a key backer

:16:16. > :16:20.Some estimates put the number of mourners paying

:16:21. > :16:25.as the cortege made its way to his burial place.

:16:26. > :16:26.The tussle between moderates and hardliners

:16:27. > :16:37.Some mourners held portraits of the former president.

:16:38. > :16:39.Others chanted the name of his even more reformist

:16:40. > :16:45.State television responded by turning up the background music

:16:46. > :16:56.In recent years, the media has been banned from publishing

:16:57. > :17:00.the name or images of Mr Khatami, who was not present at the funeral.

:17:01. > :17:02.He had called for supporters to come out in force

:17:03. > :17:06.to show their solidarity with the reform movement.

:17:07. > :17:08.Iran is holding three days of national mourning

:17:09. > :17:12.for the late Ayatollah Rafsanjani.

:17:13. > :17:17.Deep divisions over social and economic freedoms and

:17:18. > :17:19.further potential rapprochement with the West will remain.

:17:20. > :17:31.in a succession of militant attacks in Afghanistan.

:17:32. > :17:34.The Taliban said it was responsible for the twin bomb attacks

:17:35. > :17:37.There's also been an explosion in the centre of Kabul.

:17:38. > :17:40.in the compound of the governor of the southern province of Kandahar.

:17:41. > :17:44.Up to 12 people were killed in that incident.

:17:45. > :17:46.Football's governing body, Fifa, has approved plans to expand

:17:47. > :17:50.It'll open up the tournament to nations who've previously found

:17:51. > :17:52.it difficult to qualify and is set to boost

:17:53. > :17:55.the number of African and Asian countries taking part.

:17:56. > :17:58.The move will also generate millions more from advertising and TV rights.

:17:59. > :18:05.Our sports correspondent Richard Conway reports from Zurich.

:18:06. > :18:10.Fifa has finally cleared a path to a World Cup

:18:11. > :18:14.From 2026, 16 more countries will join

:18:15. > :18:20.Speaking to me today, the world governing body's president insisted,

:18:21. > :18:23.in the face of much criticism, it's time for the sport to look

:18:24. > :18:29.Football has become a truly global game because many more

:18:30. > :18:32.countries, many more teams, will have the chance to qualify,

:18:33. > :18:36.so they will invest in developing football.

:18:37. > :18:38.They will invest in developing elite football

:18:39. > :18:42.as well as grass-roots football.

:18:43. > :18:44.They will invest in their technical developments

:18:45. > :18:46.and this will make sure that the quality raises.

:18:47. > :18:49.The growth of the World Cup will bring in revenue.

:18:50. > :18:52.Fifa stand to make ?500 million profit in 2026,

:18:53. > :19:01.according to its own research.

:19:02. > :19:07.Gianni Infantino was elected on a pledge to deliver a bigger

:19:08. > :19:09.competition and insists it is not about cash or politics.

:19:10. > :19:12.It's not at all a money and power grab, it's the opposite.

:19:13. > :19:18.So the way we presented it was - OK - we present four formats,

:19:19. > :19:21.every one of the four formats has advantages in terms of

:19:22. > :19:24.the financial situation which means we are in a comfortable situation

:19:25. > :19:43.to be able to take a decision simply based on the sporting merit.

:19:44. > :19:44.Asia, where interest in football is booming,

:19:45. > :19:47.and Africa stand to benefit the most when the extra 16

:19:48. > :19:50.There will be more slots too for European nations.

:19:51. > :19:53.The Scottish FA welcomed today's decision, believing it will give

:19:54. > :19:54.them and others a better chance of qualifying.

:19:55. > :19:57.After a number of years when Fifa was a by-word for corruption,

:19:58. > :19:59.its new leadership is determined to assert itself.

:20:00. > :20:02.Gianni Infantino's task is now to convince his critics a reformed

:20:03. > :20:13.It was the scoop of the century - the news

:20:14. > :20:16.triggering the start of World War Two.

:20:17. > :20:18.Today, that British war correspondent who broke the story,

:20:19. > :20:21.As a rookie reporter in Poland in 1939,

:20:22. > :20:26.she spotted German forces gathering on the border.

:20:27. > :20:35.James Robbins looks back at her life and career.

:20:36. > :20:37.NEWS REEL: This is the national programme from London.

:20:38. > :20:39.Germany has invaded Poland and has bombed many towns.

:20:40. > :20:41.But three days earlier, Clare Hollingworth's greatest scoop

:20:42. > :20:43.had already appeared in the Daily Telegraph.

:20:44. > :20:44.Alone, inside Germany, she'd seen the Nazis

:20:45. > :20:50.Aged 27 and a journalist for less than a week,

:20:51. > :20:55.a woman in a man's world had beaten the lot of them.

:20:56. > :21:00.1939, I went out to Poland to become number two

:21:01. > :21:09.to Hugh Carleton Greene of BBC fame, and I got to Warsaw and he said,

:21:10. > :21:13."One of us has got to go to the frontier."

:21:14. > :21:15.And I was on the German-Polish frontier

:21:16. > :21:17.when the German hordes, tanks, moved in.

:21:18. > :21:20.And Clare Hollingworth's scoops kept coming.

:21:21. > :21:25.In 1963, she uncovered Kim Philby's escape to Russia as an MI6 traitor.

:21:26. > :21:29.For weeks, the Guardian refused to publish, fearing a libel action.

:21:30. > :21:32.But above all, she was a war correspondent,

:21:33. > :21:34.across the Middle East and notably in Vietnam,

:21:35. > :21:41.revealing secret talks between Hanoi and Washington.

:21:42. > :21:43.I'm really passionately interested in war and if one

:21:44. > :21:52.# Happy birthday, dear Clare...# one can't help like being in it.

:21:53. > :21:55.Last year in Hong Kong, fellow journalists celebrated

:21:56. > :21:59.Clare's 105th birthday as even more extraordinary stories emerged

:22:00. > :22:03.of her role before World War II, helping refugees escape the Nazis.

:22:04. > :22:10.In danger herself so many times, Clare Hollingworth was witness

:22:11. > :22:18.to great events across more than a century.

:22:19. > :22:28.The writer and broadcaster Isabel Hilton new Claire Hollingworth. What

:22:29. > :22:37.are women. Perhaps we could start with her significance. She was

:22:38. > :22:41.remarkable. She was a woman and she got the biggest scoop of the

:22:42. > :22:44.century. She was the most tenacious reporter. She would never be noted

:22:45. > :22:52.for her fine writing but there was no one like Clare for getting the

:22:53. > :22:57.story. She was born in 1911. It was appealed that was difficult for

:22:58. > :23:03.women even in recent decades. Going back, she was 27 years of age when

:23:04. > :23:07.she broke that story. You would see that her father insisted on sending

:23:08. > :23:10.her to domestic science College which still makes me laugh, because

:23:11. > :23:17.anyone less inclined to do domestic science, I have yet to meet. She

:23:18. > :23:21.came from a well-to-do rural family who thought that girls ought to

:23:22. > :23:26.learn cooking and get married. But she went on to work with refugees,

:23:27. > :23:30.she signed so many visas for refugees in 1938 that there were

:23:31. > :23:34.complaints from the British government about the numbers

:23:35. > :23:42.arriving. She was wonderful. And she was fearless. She was remarkable.

:23:43. > :23:50.You met her in Hong Kong, Asia, China, big parts of her life. What

:23:51. > :23:56.was it that Rover, do you think? She was dedicated to the craft of

:23:57. > :24:01.journalism. -- that drove her. I met her in Beijing when I was a student

:24:02. > :24:06.there. At that time there were very few foreigners in Beijing. So when

:24:07. > :24:12.Clare saw a bunch of new Celsius to cultivate, which she did with style,

:24:13. > :24:16.Lord Hartwell would like you to have a decent lunch, my dear, she would

:24:17. > :24:28.say. She would grow as about what was going on in university. -- she

:24:29. > :24:32.would grill us. She said she felt uncomfortable if she did not write a

:24:33. > :24:37.story every day. And in China it was difficult. There were lots of places

:24:38. > :24:43.you couldn't go, and there was difficult, difficulties with access

:24:44. > :24:47.to sources. Thank you very much for coming in and talking about the

:24:48. > :24:54.memories that you have of Claire Hollingworth.

:24:55. > :24:59.Jeff Sessions, the man picked to be the next US Attorney General,

:25:00. > :25:01.has told his Senate confirmation hearing that he's no racist

:25:02. > :25:04.and has never supported the Ku Klux Klan.

:25:05. > :25:15.Jeff Sessions. There was a Democratic senator who expressed

:25:16. > :25:20.deep concern about the Alabama Republican's nomination. The

:25:21. > :25:24.Democrats do not have the power in the chamber to block his

:25:25. > :25:27.confirmation, but that does not put them off trying their best to bring

:25:28. > :25:30.up some of the issues that they feel should be front and centre when it

:25:31. > :25:37.comes to these confirmation hearings. You will see lots more

:25:38. > :25:39.coming up over the next few days, before the inauguration of President

:25:40. > :25:42.elect Donald Trump on January 20. Don't forget you can get

:25:43. > :25:45.in touch with me and some of the team on Twitter -

:25:46. > :25:52.I'm @BBCNuala. And you can see what we are

:25:53. > :25:55.working on via facebook. Lots there to look at about our

:25:56. > :25:59.programmes coming up