Browse content similar to 11/02/2016. Check below for episodes and series from the same categories and more!
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Tonight at Ten, the scientific breakthrough which provides | :00:07. | :00:09. | |
a completely new way of looking at the universe. | :00:10. | :00:13. | |
We have detected gravitational waves. | :00:14. | :00:16. | |
The waves were caused by the collision of two black holes | :00:17. | :00:23. | |
It's a discovery that will change astronomy. | :00:24. | :00:28. | |
Gravational waves provide a completely new way of looking | :00:29. | :00:31. | |
The ability to detect them has the potential | :00:32. | :00:35. | |
After decades of searching, it's confirmation of a theory first | :00:36. | :00:41. | |
put forward by Albert Einstein a hundred years ago. | :00:42. | :00:49. | |
We'll have details of the discovery, we'll explain what it means, and how | :00:50. | :00:55. | |
it will change our understanding of the universe. Also tonight. | :00:56. | :01:00. | |
Junior doctors in England say they will not back down, | :01:01. | :01:03. | |
after ministers decide to force through the terms of a controversial | :01:04. | :01:05. | |
Kenya has missed a deadline to prove it has taken decisive action against | :01:06. | :01:15. | |
cheating in athletics. We will have an exclusive report. | :01:16. | :01:18. | |
Two young Syrian boys - now in Turkey - tell us about life | :01:19. | :01:21. | |
under Islamic State, and the terror they witnessed. | :01:22. | :01:23. | |
And the exotic world of Bosch - we look at a major new exhibition | :01:24. | :01:27. | |
Later on BBC London: A year more in charge for London's top policeman | :01:28. | :01:33. | |
- but it falls short of the offer he wanted. | :01:34. | :01:36. | |
And we meet the cool thinking bystander, who tripped up | :01:37. | :01:39. | |
Scientists have been celebrating what they say is one of the biggest | :01:40. | :02:05. | |
discoveries of the past hundred years, providing a completely | :02:06. | :02:08. | |
For the first time, scientists have found solid evidence | :02:09. | :02:13. | |
for the existence of gravitational waves, confirming a theory first put | :02:14. | :02:16. | |
forward by Albert Einstein a century ago. | :02:17. | :02:19. | |
They say it's the culmination of decades of searching | :02:20. | :02:21. | |
and could ultimately offer an all-encompassing explanation | :02:22. | :02:25. | |
for the universe as we know it, as our science editor | :02:26. | :02:28. | |
There is so much that is mysterious about the universe, but occasionally | :02:29. | :02:39. | |
there are genuine breakthroughs in understanding, and this one hinges | :02:40. | :02:43. | |
on the fate of two black holes in distance -based that drew closer | :02:44. | :02:46. | |
together and then collided with massive violence, triggering what | :02:47. | :02:49. | |
are called gravitational waves, which for 100 years have just been a | :02:50. | :02:54. | |
theory but have now been confirmed. We have detected gravitational | :02:55. | :02:59. | |
waves. We did it! APPLAUSE | :03:00. | :03:05. | |
It's a landmark discovery and in a packed news conference in | :03:06. | :03:07. | |
Washington, scientists unveiled a simulation of the sound of those | :03:08. | :03:15. | |
black holes colliding. That is the chirp we have been looking for. That | :03:16. | :03:19. | |
is one of the beautiful things about this, we will not only see the | :03:20. | :03:22. | |
universe, we will be listening to it. It was Albert Einstein 100 years | :03:23. | :03:28. | |
ago who first suggested that waves of gravity are rippling through the | :03:29. | :03:31. | |
universe, triggered by huge events like distant stars exploding. These | :03:32. | :03:36. | |
waves radiate out at the speed of light, stretching and squeezing | :03:37. | :03:41. | |
space as they raced through, and when one of them reaches us it | :03:42. | :03:45. | |
exerts a tiny force, jolting the Earth away from the sun by a minute | :03:46. | :03:51. | |
amount, barely the size of an atom. So why does this discovery matter? | :03:52. | :03:55. | |
Well, it not only proves that Einstein was right, it also opens up | :03:56. | :04:00. | |
an entirely new way to look at space. Until now, our knowledge of | :04:01. | :04:05. | |
the skies have come from light waves and radio waves. Now, with | :04:06. | :04:09. | |
gravitational waves as well, black holes might become far clearer to | :04:10. | :04:13. | |
us, as might neutron stars, which are giant songs that have collapsed. | :04:14. | :04:18. | |
And astronomers should also see much deeper into the universe, further | :04:19. | :04:22. | |
back in time, even to when it all began with the Big Bang. The | :04:23. | :04:29. | |
discovery was made with two vast detectors in opposite corners of the | :04:30. | :04:33. | |
United States, pipes four kilometres long carrying laser beam is | :04:34. | :04:36. | |
sensitive enough to pick up the ripples from space. But for years it | :04:37. | :04:43. | |
was a struggle. When we filmed back in 2003, the instruments were | :04:44. | :04:46. | |
confused by the rumble of trains nearby. But after a major upgrade | :04:47. | :04:51. | |
they cracked it and among those describing this is a massive | :04:52. | :04:55. | |
advances Stephen Hawking. Gravitational waves provide a | :04:56. | :04:59. | |
completely new way of looking at the universe. The ability to detect them | :05:00. | :05:03. | |
has the potential to revolutionise astronomy. It has taken decades to | :05:04. | :05:10. | |
plan and then build the technology to make this possible, with help | :05:11. | :05:14. | |
from America, Britain and the rest of Britain -- Europe. These black | :05:15. | :05:19. | |
holes actually spiralled down over 1 billion years ago and the signal has | :05:20. | :05:25. | |
been travelling to us since then and we turned on our detectors at just | :05:26. | :05:30. | |
the right time to detect it arriving. So 50 years of effort are | :05:31. | :05:35. | |
paying off, as gravitational waves open up a remarkable new view of the | :05:36. | :05:38. | |
heavens, and it is just starting. It's not just the remarkable | :05:39. | :05:48. | |
discovery we are talking about, but what it leads to? Suddenly your | :05:49. | :05:52. | |
window has opened on the universe in a way that no one expected. We have | :05:53. | :05:56. | |
to rewind 400 years, when Galileo took his first look through the | :05:57. | :06:00. | |
telescopes and saw things in the heavens which nobody conceived off. | :06:01. | :06:04. | |
That is where we are now. Much of the universe is dark. It doesn't | :06:05. | :06:08. | |
emit light. You can't see it in the normal way. So gravitational waves | :06:09. | :06:13. | |
as a new route to looking at the universe may suddenly stumble across | :06:14. | :06:16. | |
all kinds of surprises and that puts this discovery in the top rank of | :06:17. | :06:20. | |
scientific achievements, up there with discovering the Higgs boson, | :06:21. | :06:24. | |
that famous particle, unravelling the code of DNA. What is left | :06:25. | :06:29. | |
scientists incredibly excited as they do since they have started a | :06:30. | :06:35. | |
new era of expression. David Sugarman. -- exploration. David | :06:36. | :06:38. | |
Shipman. The government has decided to impose | :06:39. | :06:42. | |
the terms of a new contract on thousands of junior | :06:43. | :06:45. | |
doctors in England. The Health Secretary Jeremy Hunt | :06:46. | :06:47. | |
said he'd been left with no choice following the failure to reach | :06:48. | :06:50. | |
agreement on new working practices. But doctors' leaders have | :06:51. | :06:52. | |
promised to fight on. The British Medical Association says | :06:53. | :06:54. | |
the new contract is flawed and it accused ministers of alienating | :06:55. | :06:57. | |
a generation of junior doctors. Our health editor Hugh | :06:58. | :06:59. | |
Pym has more details. Junior doctors gathering outside | :07:00. | :07:04. | |
the Department of Health showed what they felt about the decision | :07:05. | :07:06. | |
to impose a new contract. While the Health Secretary argued | :07:07. | :07:10. | |
that even after many government concessions, their union had | :07:11. | :07:13. | |
refused to compromise. I've actually chosen a version | :07:14. | :07:17. | |
of the contract that has moved a long way to address the concerns | :07:18. | :07:21. | |
that they and the BMA raised, big reductions in the maximum hours | :07:22. | :07:24. | |
they can be asked to work, the number of nights they can be | :07:25. | :07:27. | |
asked to work in a row, Big safety constraints, to make sure | :07:28. | :07:30. | |
they don't get overtired. A big improvement in fact | :07:31. | :07:36. | |
on what the arrangements He said he had taken his cue | :07:37. | :07:38. | |
from this man, the government's chief negotiator, a leading | :07:39. | :07:43. | |
hospital chief executive. I have to conclude that we have | :07:44. | :07:46. | |
reached the end of the road of negotiations now and therefore | :07:47. | :07:49. | |
have advised the Secretary of State that we in the health service | :07:50. | :07:54. | |
now should not continue with the disruptions that come | :07:55. | :07:58. | |
from the uncertainty, and that we need to bring | :07:59. | :08:02. | |
the matter to a close. The new junior doctors contract | :08:03. | :08:08. | |
will apply from August. It will see basic pay rise 13.5%, | :08:09. | :08:09. | |
but there will be cuts 40,000 doctors will be affected | :08:10. | :08:13. | |
as they move jobs as part of their training, about 75% | :08:14. | :08:21. | |
within the first year. The government has decided to impose | :08:22. | :08:25. | |
the terms of a new contract Trade Union the BMA will now | :08:26. | :08:48. | |
consider its options, including further industrial action. We were | :08:49. | :08:53. | |
always hoping the government wouldn't come to way position but | :08:54. | :09:01. | |
unfortunately they have taken this is very damaging course of action. | :09:02. | :09:08. | |
What we need to do is talk to our membership and the what doctors | :09:09. | :09:12. | |
across this country think is the right thing to do. One doctor told | :09:13. | :09:17. | |
me some colleagues would quit, which she claimed would compromise patient | :09:18. | :09:20. | |
safety. There's a shortage of doctors within the NHS under current | :09:21. | :09:23. | |
conditions. This contract is going to make it worse. There are not | :09:24. | :09:28. | |
going to be enough doctors to look after patients safely. Some would | :09:29. | :09:33. | |
say that is scaremongering. I would say it is reality and we need to | :09:34. | :09:38. | |
face up to it. As junior doctors demonstrate this evening there is | :09:39. | :09:39. | |
speculation about another set of talks involving the medical | :09:40. | :09:41. | |
profession, this time the consultants, and whether they will | :09:42. | :09:43. | |
reach a deal or stall without any agreement. There was talk also of | :09:44. | :09:47. | |
doctors resigning and moving to Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland, | :09:48. | :09:50. | |
where there are no plans to change the current contracts. For now, the | :09:51. | :09:54. | |
campaign momentum doesn't look like slowing. | :09:55. | :09:57. | |
Our political editor Laura Kuenssberg is in | :09:58. | :09:59. | |
We have seen the anger of junior doctors, not least in Whitehall | :10:00. | :10:08. | |
behind you, what can you tell us about the political reasoning of | :10:09. | :10:12. | |
this decision? That the government claims this new contract is | :10:13. | :10:15. | |
essential to improving services at the weekend. That is hotly disputed, | :10:16. | :10:20. | |
but ministers say that was in the Conservative manifesto at the | :10:21. | :10:23. | |
general election and that is what voters chose. Second of all, they | :10:24. | :10:28. | |
feel the BMA left them with no choice because the negotiations | :10:29. | :10:31. | |
ended up hitting a brick wall. There was no further they could go in the | :10:32. | :10:36. | |
talks. And thirdly they hope, and hope is the active word there, that | :10:37. | :10:39. | |
once the new contracts start to come in that junior doctors may actually | :10:40. | :10:43. | |
feel the terms and conditions in the end were not as bad as they feared | :10:44. | :10:49. | |
and they can just get on with it, really. But it is a really big risk. | :10:50. | :10:54. | |
Not just because this has already aggravated even further the | :10:55. | :10:57. | |
thousands and thousands of medics around England, who are already | :10:58. | :11:01. | |
really fed up with this and working in NHS that is already under | :11:02. | :11:04. | |
pressure, but there is a wider political risk as well because for a | :11:05. | :11:08. | |
long time the Tories have really had to sweat to be seen as a political | :11:09. | :11:13. | |
party that can be trusted and believed on the NHS. David Cameron | :11:14. | :11:17. | |
has spent a lot of political capital trying to show the NHS is safe in | :11:18. | :11:22. | |
his hands. If this dispute becomes even more bitter, drags on for a | :11:23. | :11:26. | |
long time with us and worse industrial action and patients feel | :11:27. | :11:31. | |
they are starting to suffer, who will voters really blame? Will they | :11:32. | :11:36. | |
blamed the doctors, or the politicians? Only the public can | :11:37. | :11:43. | |
answer that in the weeks and months to come. Laura Kuenssberg in | :11:44. | :11:47. | |
Westminster. The head of Google in the UK says | :11:48. | :11:52. | |
he understands public anger over reports of the company's | :11:53. | :11:55. | |
tax payments. But he insisted that Google paid | :11:56. | :11:56. | |
corporation tax at 20 per cent, like other firms | :11:57. | :11:59. | |
operating in the UK. Critics have complained that | :12:00. | :12:01. | |
a payment of ?130 million in back taxes for a 10-year | :12:02. | :12:03. | |
period was far too small. Our economics editor | :12:04. | :12:05. | |
Kamal Ahmed has the story. Google, a company that likes to help | :12:06. | :12:08. | |
us answer questions. It's a search powerhouse that makes | :12:09. | :12:10. | |
billions of pounds of profit Today, it appeared to have a little | :12:11. | :12:12. | |
difficulty answering this question - For Matt Brittin, Google's head | :12:13. | :12:17. | |
of Europe, it wasn't that simple. Can you tell me what you get paid, | :12:18. | :12:23. | |
please, Mr Brittin? I don't have the figure, | :12:24. | :12:26. | |
but I will happily provide it. You don't know what you | :12:27. | :12:29. | |
get paid, Mr Brittin? A bit of knock-about maybe, | :12:30. | :12:31. | |
but MPs insisted it showed just how out of touch the | :12:32. | :12:36. | |
technology giant is. Mr Brittin seemed on surer ground | :12:37. | :12:39. | |
when defending Google's settlement We're paying the tax the HMRC | :12:40. | :12:42. | |
believes is the highest They can't settle unless we're | :12:43. | :12:48. | |
paying the tax fully, based on the facts, and we can't pay | :12:49. | :12:51. | |
more than we're required to under the tax system, because there is no | :12:52. | :12:54. | |
legal mechanism to do that. So we're in the spotlight, | :12:55. | :12:57. | |
and I understand why, but we're paying the amount of tax | :12:58. | :13:00. | |
we've been asked to pay. Here at Google's HQ in central | :13:01. | :13:03. | |
London, I'm told they're pretty The company has stuck steadfastly | :13:04. | :13:07. | |
to the argument that it is an American company that | :13:08. | :13:13. | |
pays its taxes in America. There was actually a rather more | :13:14. | :13:17. | |
interesting witness before MPs today - that was the UK | :13:18. | :13:21. | |
tax authority, HMRC. Could they convince a sceptical | :13:22. | :13:24. | |
public that this was not The key question for that tax | :13:25. | :13:28. | |
collector, did Google We don't get outmanoeuvred by these | :13:29. | :13:35. | |
big firms, we make them If I'm honest, I would like to see | :13:36. | :13:40. | |
more recognition of that. We have a fine set of tax inspectors | :13:41. | :13:44. | |
who do an extremely good job. Google says it wants | :13:45. | :13:50. | |
to see a simpler tax code. At the moment it runs | :13:51. | :13:52. | |
to thousands of pages. We have to have confidence that | :13:53. | :13:55. | |
they're not getting But I think we need a process | :13:56. | :14:01. | |
in place which reassures the public. Mr Brittin was still being thrown | :14:02. | :14:12. | |
questions as he left the inquiry. But for now, the technology company | :14:13. | :14:15. | |
decided it had said quite enough. The World Anti-Doping Agency has | :14:16. | :14:19. | |
said tonight that Kenya has missed a deadline to prove that it's taking | :14:20. | :14:30. | |
decisive action to fight cheating in athletics, following a spate | :14:31. | :14:33. | |
of positive drug tests. The country will now be put | :14:34. | :14:37. | |
on a watch-list and could face a ban BBC News has heard evidence | :14:38. | :14:40. | |
of doping from Kenyan athletes and allegations of corruption | :14:41. | :14:46. | |
levelled at sporting officials. Our sports editor Dan Roan has been | :14:47. | :14:49. | |
to the town of Iten, where Kenya's elite runners train, | :14:50. | :14:51. | |
and sent this exclusive report. It's one of sport's | :14:52. | :14:59. | |
most unique settings. Iten, nestled in the Rift Valley, | :15:00. | :15:00. | |
home to Kenya's champions. For decades, this small town has | :15:01. | :15:05. | |
provided a high-altitude training base to thousands of world-class | :15:06. | :15:08. | |
athletes, many of whom have gone on to establish their country | :15:09. | :15:11. | |
as the dominant force Kenya's prowess was underlined | :15:12. | :15:15. | |
at the World Championships in Beijing last year when it | :15:16. | :15:23. | |
topped the medal table. 1,500 metres winner Asbel Kiprop | :15:24. | :15:25. | |
claiming one of his team's seven Back in Iten, he is now in training | :15:26. | :15:33. | |
for the Rio Olympics, but doping has cast a shadow | :15:34. | :15:37. | |
over his country's preparations. 40 Kenyan athletes have been banned | :15:38. | :15:39. | |
to cheating in the last five years, and Kiprop told me of | :15:40. | :15:43. | |
the damage it's doing. It is a disgrace, especially | :15:44. | :15:46. | |
to the sport and ourselves It is a disgrace to hard-working | :15:47. | :15:49. | |
athletes when an athlete is found to have used | :15:50. | :15:55. | |
performance-enhancing drugs. The BBC has obtained previously | :15:56. | :15:58. | |
unseen secretly-filmed footage of an athlete receiving an injection | :15:59. | :16:04. | |
from a doctor. We cannot verify what substance was, | :16:05. | :16:12. | |
but the athlete, who doesn't want to be identified, | :16:13. | :16:15. | |
told me it was a banned substance. Have you used performance-enhancing | :16:16. | :16:17. | |
drugs? In Kenya, most people are using, | :16:18. | :16:18. | |
so if you don't use, you will just be training, | :16:19. | :16:26. | |
training, training all year. In November, athletes staged | :16:27. | :16:32. | |
a protest in Nairobi against the sport's leaders | :16:33. | :16:35. | |
amid corruption allegations. This week, officials had to deny | :16:36. | :16:38. | |
new accusations of extortion, but we spoke to another athlete | :16:39. | :16:40. | |
who said he had been blackmailed by members of the sport's governing | :16:41. | :16:44. | |
body after he failed a drugs test. TRANSLATION: They asked me | :16:45. | :16:50. | |
for 500,000 shillings. I said I couldn't afford to pay, | :16:51. | :16:52. | |
so they told me I would receive The governing body said it couldn't | :16:53. | :16:55. | |
comment as it's under investigation by the International Athletics | :16:56. | :17:02. | |
Federation, but did ask those Kenya's now at serious risk | :17:03. | :17:05. | |
of being dragged into the doping Another of the sport's powerhouse | :17:06. | :17:10. | |
nations, Russia, has already been banned from international | :17:11. | :17:17. | |
competition because of state-sponsored cheating, | :17:18. | :17:18. | |
and now the spotlight Ill voters blame? The doctors or the | :17:19. | :17:32. | |
politicians? Only the public can answer that in the weeks and the | :17:33. | :17:33. | |
months to come. WADA has lost patience, confirming | :17:34. | :17:39. | |
Kenya failed to meet a dead line to confirm it was meeting a process to | :17:40. | :17:44. | |
clear cheating. The consequences could be severe. | :17:45. | :17:49. | |
I think that is the biggest threat right now, that Kenya would be | :17:50. | :17:52. | |
Yes. meet the expectations. | :17:53. | :18:02. | |
agreeing the need for legislation and funding for a new national | :18:03. | :18:05. | |
anti-doping agency to finally become operational. | :18:06. | :18:07. | |
This is taken to the highest level, so Kenya is serious, | :18:08. | :18:16. | |
and the Kenyan athletes you'll see will be running clean. | :18:17. | :18:18. | |
In a country of limited resources, the temptation to take short cuts | :18:19. | :18:21. | |
is obvious, and the cost of educating and testing | :18:22. | :18:23. | |
Authorities insist that cheating is not systemic, | :18:24. | :18:27. | |
but at a time when sporting integrity is under scrutiny | :18:28. | :18:29. | |
like never before, Kenya is in a race against time to prove | :18:30. | :18:32. | |
More evidence has come to light of the harsh and brutal conditions | :18:33. | :18:43. | |
for Iraqi and Syrian children trapped in areas controlled | :18:44. | :18:46. | |
Two boys who recently managed to flee the violence in Syria | :18:47. | :18:50. | |
say they witnessed executions and were taught to fight | :18:51. | :18:52. | |
They've been speaking to our Middle East correspondent | :18:53. | :18:55. | |
This is how you put on a suicide vest. | :18:56. | :19:08. | |
He and 10-year-old Ahmed learned it at school - | :19:09. | :19:17. | |
TRANSLATION: They show this video on the mobile phones | :19:18. | :19:26. | |
They were not guilty but they were slaughtered | :19:27. | :19:30. | |
Now they're in Turkey but three months | :19:31. | :19:34. | |
ago, the boys lived in IS-controlled Syria. | :19:35. | :19:35. | |
There, they witnessed killing close at hand. | :19:36. | :19:39. | |
TRANSLATION: Sometimes they would bring as many as six | :19:40. | :19:41. | |
They would call us by loudspeaker to come and watch. | :19:42. | :19:51. | |
TRANSLATION: Once, they brought two men and put them in the middle | :19:52. | :19:54. | |
Who was it that they killed, do you know? | :19:55. | :20:01. | |
TRANSLATION: Yes, they were our neighbours. | :20:02. | :20:03. | |
brainwash us. but they were from the top | :20:04. | :20:19. | |
They say things like suicide bombings are good for | :20:20. | :20:22. | |
us, or when you grow up, you will become Isis fighters. | :20:23. | :20:26. | |
They don't care whether children live or die. | :20:27. | :20:32. | |
Children are a priority for the Islamic State. | :20:33. | :20:35. | |
Even the youngest are trained in Sharia law. | :20:36. | :20:38. | |
IS is attempting to radicalise a generation, as this | :20:39. | :20:42. | |
A teacher from inside says that the jihadists are | :20:43. | :21:02. | |
TRANSLATION: They have changed some subjects. | :21:03. | :21:08. | |
In geography, there were Iraqi and Syrian borders in all | :21:09. | :21:11. | |
But in their books, the borders of the Islamic State go | :21:12. | :21:16. | |
from the Atlantic to China and from Africa to Azerbaijan. | :21:17. | :21:23. | |
The boys escaped IS but thousands remain in their grip. | :21:24. | :21:25. | |
Small hands that know how to fire a Kalashnikov. | :21:26. | :21:28. | |
For the Islamic State, they are the next generation | :21:29. | :21:31. | |
Quentin Sommerville, BBC News, Istanbul. | :21:32. | :21:42. | |
Once again this week share prices in Europe have fallen | :21:43. | :21:45. | |
sharply because of continued concerns about the health | :21:46. | :21:47. | |
Shares in many leading banks tumbled and the FTSE 100 index was down | :21:48. | :21:51. | |
The price of oil hit a new low of $30 dollars a barrel | :21:52. | :21:57. | |
seen as an indication of weakening global demand. | :21:58. | :22:04. | |
Our Economics Correspondent Andrew Verity is here. | :22:05. | :22:11. | |
Falls? The concern is the global slowdown. What has been bothering | :22:12. | :22:20. | |
the markets, they have been wobbling, is whether the Central | :22:21. | :22:24. | |
Banks can do much about it? If they have the tools to tackle it? Today | :22:25. | :22:29. | |
we heard from the Swedish Central Bank, that it would slash interest | :22:30. | :22:33. | |
rates. But the problem being that they are already negative. To | :22:34. | :22:38. | |
illustrate that: If you lent me money, you might expect interest | :22:39. | :22:42. | |
rate back for it. But the negative interest rates mean that you lent me | :22:43. | :22:46. | |
money, I charged for the privilege of lending it. The Swedish Central | :22:47. | :22:51. | |
Bank is saying to the commercial banks, you can put the money here if | :22:52. | :22:56. | |
you like, it is safe but I would rather you lend it out, so I will | :22:57. | :23:00. | |
charge you if you leave the money with me. So the negative interest | :23:01. | :23:05. | |
rate is not doing the job. The market traders are worried with low | :23:06. | :23:09. | |
interest rates, the banks will find it hard to make money. So the bank | :23:10. | :23:13. | |
shares are hammered but the interest rates have been negative on deposits | :23:14. | :23:19. | |
in the eurozone and subsidies and it has not done the job. There has been | :23:20. | :23:25. | |
no big pick-up. There is a fear, it may be irrational. If the global | :23:26. | :23:30. | |
slowdown gets worse, they could keep on administering the strong economic | :23:31. | :23:33. | |
medicine, and the patient still would not get up. | :23:34. | :23:37. | |
The footballer Adam Johnson has been sacked by Sunderland after pleading | :23:38. | :23:41. | |
guilty to one count of sexual activity with a child and one | :23:42. | :23:44. | |
was terminated hours after he was dropped | :23:45. | :23:49. | |
for Saturday's Premier League match against Manchester United. | :23:50. | :23:51. | |
He will stand trial on Friday on two further counts of sexual activity | :23:52. | :23:54. | |
David Cameron's attempted renegotiation of the UK's links | :23:55. | :24:01. | |
with the European Union remains in a 'fragile' state | :24:02. | :24:03. | |
according to Donald Tusk the president of the European | :24:04. | :24:05. | |
He was speaking with a week to go to the summit where the deal | :24:06. | :24:11. | |
is meant to be finalised ahead of a referendum | :24:12. | :24:13. | |
Tonight in the latest of our reports on the road | :24:14. | :24:17. | |
to the summit our Special Correspondent Allan Little considers | :24:18. | :24:19. | |
how Britain's trading history with its European neighbours | :24:20. | :24:21. | |
has shaped the political relationship which is has proved | :24:22. | :24:23. | |
Not long ago it was teeming with merchant ships, | :24:24. | :24:35. | |
The last of the great cranes, this one is called Titan, | :24:36. | :24:41. | |
are a forlorn reminder of a lost age, when Britain was locked | :24:42. | :24:44. | |
into a thriving trade with its empire. | :24:45. | :24:49. | |
We hauled wool and dried fruit from Australia through here. | :24:50. | :24:52. | |
In return, Britain sold to the Empire goods manufactured | :24:53. | :25:05. | |
As these economic powerhouses went into what turned out to be terminal | :25:06. | :25:11. | |
decline, Britain turned through 180 degrees. | :25:12. | :25:16. | |
It had always faced west, to the wide open seas. | :25:17. | :25:19. | |
And now, for the first time, it put the old empire to its back | :25:20. | :25:23. | |
and turned its face to the East to try to embrace | :25:24. | :25:26. | |
That transition sucked the economic life out of the great ports cities | :25:27. | :25:33. | |
Like Glasgow, Liverpool's famous waterfront recalls | :25:34. | :25:40. | |
But the pool of European markets drew Britain's centre of gravity | :25:41. | :25:48. | |
Liverpool did not disappear overnight after 1973 | :25:49. | :26:02. | |
but it was economically stagnant and politically unstable parts | :26:03. | :26:04. | |
of the world compared to Western Europe where there | :26:05. | :26:06. | |
A different economy has thrived in the age of Europe. | :26:07. | :26:14. | |
High-quality, high-tech, precision engineering, | :26:15. | :26:20. | |
Gescamp is a Spanish owned company in County Durham which makes | :26:21. | :26:26. | |
All the equipment that we use is supplied from Europe. | :26:27. | :26:35. | |
Our suppliers of materials come from Europe and we export a large | :26:36. | :26:38. | |
proportion of what we make here to mainland Europe. | :26:39. | :26:44. | |
Would leaving the EU threaten all this? | :26:45. | :26:46. | |
Out campaigners say emphatically not, that nations can and do trade | :26:47. | :26:50. | |
freely with Europe from outside the EU. | :26:51. | :26:58. | |
To see how Britain's mercantile economy has shifted, | :26:59. | :27:00. | |
This container port barely existed in 1973. | :27:01. | :27:07. | |
The visual contrast with Liverpool and Glasgow could not be starker. | :27:08. | :27:16. | |
The great weight of Britain's trade is now in the south and east. | :27:17. | :27:19. | |
Europe, above all, has pulled it here. | :27:20. | :27:21. | |
For Britain, the European club has really always been about trade, | :27:22. | :27:25. | |
about the wealth creating potential of all this. | :27:26. | :27:29. | |
That is not so for the European nations across the water. | :27:30. | :27:32. | |
Almost all of them have suffered within living memory | :27:33. | :27:35. | |
the humiliations of military defeat, of foreign occupation and a fascist | :27:36. | :27:38. | |
For them, the European process has been driven by the need to turn | :27:39. | :27:44. | |
It has been about securing democracy, about banishing war, | :27:45. | :27:52. | |
it has been about national redemption. | :27:53. | :27:55. | |
That has just never been so for Britain. | :27:56. | :27:58. | |
Across the water, ever closer union has, from the start, | :27:59. | :28:01. | |
The nation state was seen as being insufficient. | :28:02. | :28:08. | |
Nationalism was bad because that was what happened | :28:09. | :28:15. | |
So they had to come up with some solutions that would be | :28:16. | :28:17. | |
about the nation state, supranational solutions. | :28:18. | :28:22. | |
Britain has embraced the economic change that EU | :28:23. | :28:24. | |
But it has never much liked the political ambitions that | :28:25. | :28:29. | |
For the water that separates Britain from Europe is also a border | :28:30. | :28:34. | |
between two quite different historical experiences. | :28:35. | :28:35. | |
Two quite different ways of thinking about the EU and what it is for. | :28:36. | :28:39. | |
Alan Little, BBC News, on Southampton Water. | :28:40. | :28:47. | |
The Dutch painter Hieronymous van Aken | :28:48. | :28:49. | |
better known as Hieronymous Bosch produced some of the most exotic | :28:50. | :28:52. | |
To mark the 500th anniversary of his death many of his most | :28:53. | :28:57. | |
startling works have been gathered for the first time | :28:58. | :28:59. | |
Our Arts Correspondent David Sillito has been along to take a look. | :29:00. | :29:17. | |
Bosch is telling us about good and evil. | :29:18. | :29:20. | |
He was a master of the weird and strange. | :29:21. | :29:28. | |
Hieronymous Bosch, this exhibition is a homecoming for paintings | :29:29. | :29:30. | |
scattered across the world and here in his hometown you can see | :29:31. | :29:34. | |
The view from the cathedral has barely changed in 500 years. | :29:35. | :29:45. | |
And this eerie image, locals recognise it but to see it, | :29:46. | :29:49. | |
you have to take a boat under the city. | :29:50. | :29:53. | |
Because a lot of dead soldiers were buried here in the water, | :29:54. | :30:07. | |
This market square, the buildings have changed but it is still | :30:08. | :30:21. | |
the medieval landscape he would recognise. | :30:22. | :30:25. | |
This is his old house, he is everywhere but there is one | :30:26. | :30:28. | |
Which is what makes this so extraordinary. | :30:29. | :30:39. | |
This, The Haywain, has come back for the first time | :30:40. | :30:44. | |
I am walking across that market square where he lived and worked | :30:45. | :30:53. | |
But what is certain is that 15 years of coaxing and cajolling the world's | :30:54. | :31:16. | |
great galleries has paid off, and if we're ever going | :31:17. | :31:20. | |
to understand the strange Mr Bosch, it is going to be here. | :31:21. | :31:31. | |
Newsnight is coming up on BBC Two, here's Emily. | :31:32. | :31:35. | |
Tonight the Health Secretary tells us that there is no north to the new | :31:36. | :31:43. | |
to the new contract for junior doctors, he is imposing. | :31:44. | :31:45. |