14/03/2016 BBC News at Ten


14/03/2016

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Tonight at Ten: Russian forces are to be withdrawn

:00:07.:00:08.

President Putin says their mission has been accomplished.

:00:09.:00:11.

For the past six months, they've been attacking

:00:12.:00:13.

the enemies of President Bashar al-Assad but now they say it's time

:00:14.:00:16.

While the rest of the world was taken by surprise,

:00:17.:00:21.

had agreed the change with Syria over the past few weeks.

:00:22.:00:27.

TRANSLATION: With the participation of the Russian military,

:00:28.:00:29.

there has been a dramatic turnaround in the situation

:00:30.:00:31.

in the fight against international terrorism.

:00:32.:00:37.

We'll have the latest from the Syrian capital,

:00:38.:00:39.

Damascus, and we'll be reporting on the continued turbulence

:00:40.:00:41.

In Germany, Chancellor Merkel says she will not close the door

:00:42.:00:51.

on migrants despite major losses for her party in regional elections.

:00:52.:00:54.

Hundreds of migrants leave a camp in northern Greece, wading

:00:55.:00:59.

through water to avoid a border fence to cross into Macedonia.

:01:00.:01:07.

From rebel to master of the Queen's music, the composer

:01:08.:01:09.

Sir Peter Maxwell-Davies has died at the age of 81.

:01:10.:01:12.

And the mysterious evolution of T-Rex - we report on a great leap

:01:13.:01:15.

And coming up in Sportsday on BBC News, can Leicester

:01:16.:01:23.

extend their lead at the top of the Premier

:01:24.:01:25.

Or will Rafa Benitez start his tenure at Newcastle United

:01:26.:01:29.

President Putin of Russia has taken the international community

:01:30.:01:56.

by surprise and ordered most of his forces to

:01:57.:01:58.

Mr Putin said that the Russian military intervention,

:01:59.:02:01.

which started last September, had largely achieved its objectives

:02:02.:02:06.

and now was the time to intensify the peace process.

:02:07.:02:09.

American officials said they'd had no advance warning

:02:10.:02:11.

Over the past six months, Russia has invested heavily

:02:12.:02:16.

in its air and naval facilities at Latakia and Tartus.

:02:17.:02:21.

It's carried out thousands of air strikes across Syria,

:02:22.:02:23.

taking significant territory from the enemies of President Basha

:02:24.:02:25.

Our chief international correspondent Lyse Doucet

:02:26.:02:31.

is in the Syrian capital Damascus tonight.

:02:32.:02:42.

The message from the president's office here in Damascus in the last

:02:43.:02:49.

hour is that the move by Russia was coordinated with the President's

:02:50.:02:54.

office and that it had been studied for some time.

:02:55.:02:55.

It seems equally clear Moscow has been studying what has been coming

:02:56.:03:02.

out of Damascus including a refusal to consider discussing the future of

:03:03.:03:07.

President Assad and also talk of a military solution in this war. It is

:03:08.:03:14.

not what Moscow has in mind. Russia's military intervention has

:03:15.:03:21.

changed the tide of the war in President Assad's favour. When

:03:22.:03:26.

Moscow sent its planes last September its ally was faltering on

:03:27.:03:30.

key lines, then came the shock announcement. TRANSLATION: I think

:03:31.:03:38.

the task that was put before the Minister of defence and the Armed

:03:39.:03:41.

Forces is largely complete, therefore I order the minister of

:03:42.:03:47.

defence from tomorrow to begin the withdrawal of the main part of our

:03:48.:03:50.

military from the Syrian Arabic republic. Ever since Russia

:03:51.:03:57.

intervened in Syria its Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov has worked

:03:58.:04:01.

closely with his American counterpart. But today even the

:04:02.:04:06.

White House seems to have been taken by surprise. I haven't seen those

:04:07.:04:11.

specific reports... And what about President Assad, who is said to have

:04:12.:04:15.

been informed? He made a surprise visit to Moscow last October to see

:04:16.:04:20.

Russia's leader, his only visit out of Syria since the war began five

:04:21.:04:25.

years ago. A clear sign of who has the upper hand in a crucial

:04:26.:04:30.

relationship. I think this is a bid for Russia to use its leverage

:04:31.:04:34.

essentially in the Syria conflict to pressure Bashar al-Assad as Russia

:04:35.:04:39.

has already asked him to be constructive in these peace talks to

:04:40.:04:44.

move the political transition process forward. Russia didn't just

:04:45.:04:48.

throw its weight on the battlefield, it also helped break a stubborn

:04:49.:04:54.

diplomatic stalemate at the UN Security Council last December and

:04:55.:04:57.

had paved the way for the first major truce in this war. Now in its

:04:58.:05:02.

third week, and unexpectedly still holding. But this may be why this

:05:03.:05:09.

announcement came today. Peace talks in Geneva, where the Syrian

:05:10.:05:13.

government is taking a hard line, too hard for Moscow, and the UN,

:05:14.:05:19.

which sounded a warning. I don't know whether anyone else has a plan

:05:20.:05:28.

B here, I'm only aware of a plan A which is giving the maximum chances

:05:29.:05:33.

and the maximum pressure by the international community in order to

:05:34.:05:40.

ensure this type of talks and cessation of hostilities and

:05:41.:05:45.

humanitarian task force is given the maximum opportunity. Russia doesn't

:05:46.:05:49.

want another long war, another Afghanistan. It won't pull out

:05:50.:05:54.

completely, but it is seen to it Syrian ally we expect you to sit

:05:55.:05:59.

down and negotiate a way out of this war.

:06:00.:06:04.

Our Russia correspondent Steve Rozenberg is in Moscow.

:06:05.:06:06.

Steve, you've recently been reporting on Russian military

:06:07.:06:08.

operations in Syria - how do you read today's

:06:09.:06:10.

It is quite a surprise. The last time I was at the Russian airbase in

:06:11.:06:21.

Syria ten days ago there was clearly less military activity than I have

:06:22.:06:25.

seen on previous trips. There were still bombers and fighter jets, and

:06:26.:06:32.

we were told the emphasis was moving toward diplomacy. There was no hint

:06:33.:06:37.

that the Kremlin would announce a major troop withdrawal, so why now?

:06:38.:06:41.

It is clear the Russians didn't want to get bogged down in a protracted

:06:42.:06:47.

military conflict, they didn't want a second Afghanistan. I think the

:06:48.:06:52.

Kremlin is calculating that now with the peace process starting, that

:06:53.:06:56.

this was the time they could scale back, bring back lots of troops and

:06:57.:07:01.

declare this operation a success. One caveat, the numbers. We don't

:07:02.:07:04.

know how many troops are coming back and how many will be remaining at

:07:05.:07:09.

the Russian airbase and the Russian naval facility, its only outlet to

:07:10.:07:15.

the Mediterranean. The west has criticised Russia over Russia's

:07:16.:07:18.

military campaign in Syria, accusing the Russians of targeting anyone

:07:19.:07:23.

taking up arms against President Assad, but tonight Moscow is

:07:24.:07:27.

declaring this operation and monetary, political and diplomatic

:07:28.:07:28.

success. Thank you. Syria's northern neighbour, Turkey,

:07:29.:07:33.

is having to grapple with a series of challenges as a result

:07:34.:07:36.

of the Syrian conflict and the impact it's having

:07:37.:07:38.

on the wider region. Turkish fighter jets have today been

:07:39.:07:40.

attacking Kurdish targets The Turks are blaming the banned

:07:41.:07:42.

Kurdistan Workers' Party for yesterday's bomb attack

:07:43.:07:48.

in Ankara, which killed Police have detained 11 people

:07:49.:07:50.

in connection with the bombing. Our correspondent Ian Pannell

:07:51.:07:55.

sent this report from Last night, she was waiting

:07:56.:07:57.

for a bus home. Another young life wiped out,

:07:58.:08:08.

another victim of the turmoil Students, parents, pensioners,

:08:09.:08:21.

friends and young lovers, There is little to commemorate

:08:22.:08:34.

the dead, just small gestures These two heard the explosion

:08:35.:08:46.

from their flat. Tonight, the students stood defiant

:08:47.:08:50.

in the rain in remembrance. In my heart, it's

:08:51.:08:54.

just pain, because... All the people you see

:08:55.:08:59.

here are in pain, actually. But they don't have the courage

:09:00.:09:02.

to show that because of everything, So we came here just to show respect

:09:03.:09:05.

to the people. Turkey thinks Kurdish separatists

:09:06.:09:16.

carried out this attack. Arrests have been made,

:09:17.:09:23.

warplanes dispatched. But Ankara has many enemies

:09:24.:09:27.

in the region, and there may be some Hundreds of police have been

:09:28.:09:30.

deployed onto the streets officers are scouring the scene

:09:31.:09:35.

still for clues as they recover Turkey's president has told

:09:36.:09:43.

people not to be afraid, that terrorism will be

:09:44.:09:46.

brought to its knees. But the truth is that people

:09:47.:09:48.

are afraid, and there is little evidence that Turkey

:09:49.:09:51.

is winning this war. There have been too many moments

:09:52.:09:57.

like this in Turkey. More than 200 have been

:09:58.:09:59.

killed in similar attacks Kurdish militants,

:10:00.:10:01.

the Islamic State group, The turmoil that used to rage

:10:02.:10:09.

beyond Turkey's borders now threatens this

:10:10.:10:16.

once-stable country. So once again, bereaved families

:10:17.:10:22.

huddled at the city morgue today. united in grief and desperate

:10:23.:10:25.

for answers, as people wonder if their government can really

:10:26.:10:29.

protect them as promised. Our Middle East editor

:10:30.:10:34.

Jeremy Bowen is with me now. We are reporting today on events in

:10:35.:10:54.

Iraq, Syria and Turkey, and it shows what a complex crisis this is. It is

:10:55.:11:00.

complex, and a good way of thinking about Syria is to think of it as a

:11:01.:11:05.

mini world war. Its friends and regional enemies are involved in it,

:11:06.:11:10.

and also some of the world powers. In Turkey there are plenty of

:11:11.:11:14.

domestic reasons for what is happening, but I think the major

:11:15.:11:18.

reason for the revival of the fight with the Kurds is the export of

:11:19.:11:22.

violence from Syria and the politics of the conflict over there regarding

:11:23.:11:28.

various Kurdish groups. If you move on to Putin, he is a geopolitical

:11:29.:11:34.

gambler. If you look at this again, he has won a few hands, cashed in

:11:35.:11:39.

quite a few chips but he is still at the table. The west said this would

:11:40.:11:43.

be a quagmire for him in Syria but he's found a way of declaring

:11:44.:11:48.

victory and getting out whilst keeping his options open whilst

:11:49.:11:52.

keeping forces there which could be revived if necessary. He is keeping

:11:53.:11:57.

the west on the defensive, another shrewd move by him. As for the talks

:11:58.:12:03.

in Geneva, the intervention I think has strengthened Bashar al-Assad, it

:12:04.:12:10.

has changed the military balance, the equilibria there, and it means

:12:11.:12:14.

the Syrian government side is going into those talks as much more

:12:15.:12:23.

empowered of that. So, as we saw in the headlines, more awful

:12:24.:12:25.

scenes of refugees, impacts on German politics as well, Western

:12:26.:12:28.

leaders used to think you might be able to contain or ignore what is

:12:29.:12:35.

going on in Syria but you cannot. Thank you.

:12:36.:12:41.

The German Chancellor, Angela Merkel, has insisted

:12:42.:12:43.

she will not change her policy on allowing significant numbers

:12:44.:12:45.

of migrants into the country despite her party's losses

:12:46.:12:47.

The anti-immigration party 'Alternative for Germany'

:12:48.:12:50.

won its first seats in the states that voted yesterday.

:12:51.:12:53.

Germany accepted a record 1.1 million refugees last year.

:12:54.:12:55.

Our Europe editor Katya Adler reports from Berlin.

:12:56.:13:01.

Iron Angie is one of the German Chancellor's nicknames.

:13:02.:13:06.

The migrant crisis has shown her mettle like never before.

:13:07.:13:10.

Where there's a will, there's a way, she's insisted.

:13:11.:13:13.

No border closures, no refugee limits for Germany -

:13:14.:13:19.

a policy she's sticking to, despite rising public pressure,

:13:20.:13:21.

reflected in yesterday's regional vote.

:13:22.:13:28.

I believe the approach is right, she said in Berlin today,

:13:29.:13:31.

TRANSLATION: Yesterday was a difficult day.

:13:32.:13:37.

The dominating topic in the vote was refugees and the refugee policy,

:13:38.:13:40.

and the fact that people believe this issue has not

:13:41.:13:42.

But be careful about reading too much

:13:43.:13:49.

Despite some of the doom-laden headlines you're probably coming

:13:50.:13:53.

across, this was more stark warning than boot out of the door

:13:54.:13:55.

She still enjoys popularity ratings at home

:13:56.:13:59.

other European leaders would dream of.

:14:00.:14:04.

But many of her countrymen do feel

:14:05.:14:05.

she's out of touch with fast-changing events here,

:14:06.:14:07.

the effect the arrival of a million asylum seekers in Germany is having

:14:08.:14:10.

Enter the right-wing populist AFD Party,

:14:11.:14:16.

which plays on public fears of refugees.

:14:17.:14:21.

This is one of its campaign posters, demanding better safety

:14:22.:14:24.

a reference to New Year's Eve attacks here linked to migrants.

:14:25.:14:32.

in all three state parliaments yesterday,

:14:33.:14:35.

the best regional result of any German right-wing populist party

:14:36.:14:37.

Considering World War II sensitivities here,

:14:38.:14:44.

Frauka Petry, the public face of the AFD, was on the defensive.

:14:45.:14:53.

She told me the migration crisis wasn't caused by her party -

:14:54.:14:56.

One idea of yours that made the headlines all over Europe

:14:57.:15:02.

was the idea of the German army pointing their weapons at migrants

:15:03.:15:05.

Which again, it would be helpful if one reads the original interview.

:15:06.:15:17.

I cited German legislation, which, as a very last resort,

:15:18.:15:21.

I said to use weapons if there's no other way.

:15:22.:15:30.

The AFD is making a lot of noise in Germany at the moment,

:15:31.:15:33.

but this is especially because yesterday's regional vote

:15:34.:15:35.

is seen as significant ahead of a German general election

:15:36.:15:37.

So can Angela Merkel afford regional upsets in the long run?

:15:38.:15:47.

She obviously appears weakened,

:15:48.:15:50.

but she is not damaged beyond repair.

:15:51.:15:56.

A canny political survivor, Chancellor Merkel knows Germans

:15:57.:15:58.

appreciate predictability and continuity.

:15:59.:16:02.

At home and in Europe, she'll keep pushing migrant

:16:03.:16:04.

politics her way, and hope for the best.

:16:05.:16:16.

And Angela Merkel has her fingers crossed this week ahead of the next

:16:17.:16:22.

EU- Turkey summit. She is the driving force behind a deal by which

:16:23.:16:25.

Turkey would agree to accept back all migrants arriving on the Greek

:16:26.:16:29.

islands from that moment on. She needs the deal to boost her

:16:30.:16:33.

credibility back home. But on a European level, it is costing her

:16:34.:16:37.

dearly. Other EU leaders resent her pushiness over the migrant crisis,

:16:38.:16:41.

as they did previously over the euro crisis. They also worry about

:16:42.:16:46.

Turkey's counter demands and its shaky human rights record. Angela

:16:47.:16:50.

Merkel is confident that she can bulldoze German populists. She

:16:51.:16:54.

worries more about growing European disunity, and her growing EU

:16:55.:16:59.

isolation. Katya Adler thank you.

:17:00.:17:01.

Hundreds of migrants have left a camp in northern Greece,

:17:02.:17:05.

wading through a river to avoid a border fence

:17:06.:17:07.

The Macedonian authorities said those who crossed into the country

:17:08.:17:13.

had been detained by the police and army and would be sent back.

:17:14.:17:16.

More than 10,000 people have been stranded at the camp at Idomeni,

:17:17.:17:20.

after several Balkan nations including Macedonia introduced

:17:21.:17:23.

But today hundreds made it out after crossing a river and finding

:17:24.:17:28.

Our correspondent Danny Savage is there and sent this report.

:17:29.:17:36.

This is the consequence of Europe's borders closing down.

:17:37.:17:39.

Tonight, we found these families trekking through the frontier

:17:40.:17:42.

woodlands of Greece, looking to slip across to Macedonia.

:17:43.:17:47.

We are very scared, one of them tells us.

:17:48.:17:49.

Other migrants today were much more bold.

:17:50.:17:53.

With nothing to lose, they went on a march.

:17:54.:17:56.

Thousands of people, walking towards a border

:17:57.:17:59.

For weeks, they have been stuck in Greece.

:18:00.:18:05.

They are aiming to get to Germany, but all the Balkan border gates

:18:06.:18:09.

between here and there have slammed shut.

:18:10.:18:12.

They have got this far, and they are not giving up.

:18:13.:18:15.

TRANSLATION: We are done with injustice, frustration

:18:16.:18:23.

We still have some misery ahead of us today, but we will get there.

:18:24.:18:28.

We are going to cross, no matter how.

:18:29.:18:31.

The migrants are undeterred by the obstacles in their path.

:18:32.:18:41.

At least three people drowned near here last night,

:18:42.:18:44.

but they are prepared to take the risk.

:18:45.:18:46.

Desperate people, doing dangerous things.

:18:47.:18:51.

They have become disillusioned with the conditions

:18:52.:18:53.

It turned into a swamp after days of rain.

:18:54.:18:57.

Anywhere is better than this, they thought, which is why they set

:18:58.:19:02.

And it wasn't a warm welcome either when many hundreds did eventually

:19:03.:19:07.

They were rounded up and detained, their ambitions on hold once again.

:19:08.:19:16.

Tonight, families camped out on the muddy path to Macedonia,

:19:17.:19:19.

The philosophy of the people here is very simple.

:19:20.:19:24.

They haven't spent all that money on a dangerous sea journey to get

:19:25.:19:28.

They want to go forward and not retreat, and some of them have

:19:29.:19:33.

told me they are prepared to walk to Germany if they have to.

:19:34.:19:37.

It's exhausting trying to get where you want to.

:19:38.:19:40.

Will the authorities make more of an effort to stop

:19:41.:19:42.

their progress tomorrow, or will they still find a way?

:19:43.:19:45.

Danny Savage, BBC News, northern Greece.

:19:46.:19:52.

A Merseyside teenager accused of murdering a police officer

:19:53.:19:56.

by deliberately running him down during a high speed chase has been

:19:57.:19:59.

a cannabis user since the age of six, according to evidence

:20:00.:20:02.

Clayton Williams, who's now 19, said he'd been smoking on the day

:20:03.:20:06.

of PC Dave Phillips' death in Wallasey last October.

:20:07.:20:08.

The family of PC Dave Phillips has already heard how the officer

:20:09.:20:17.

was run over, and suffered a violent death.

:20:18.:20:21.

they heard from the teenager accused of murder.

:20:22.:20:26.

Clayton Williams told jurors he didn't see PC Phillips.

:20:27.:20:29.

Clayton Williams admits burgling this shop

:20:30.:20:42.

He reached speeds of 80 mph before he hit PC Phillips,

:20:43.:20:47.

but says he can't remember exactly what happened

:20:48.:20:50.

That, Clayton Williams said, was down to his cannabis habit.

:20:51.:20:56.

He said he had been smoking it since he was six.

:20:57.:20:59.

In court, Clayton Williams admitted he had already served

:21:00.:21:04.

a prison sentence for crashing a car during a police chase.

:21:05.:21:08.

He told the jurors he would do anything to avoid

:21:09.:21:11.

In the dock, Clayton Williams was asked why he didn't stop

:21:12.:21:15.

He said he panicked, and rang his grandmother.

:21:16.:21:24.

He told jurors "I didn't intend to kill,

:21:25.:21:38.

"I only wanted to rob a shop".

:21:39.:21:40.

Ed Thomas, BBC News, Manchester Crown Court.

:21:41.:21:52.

The former head of the civil service as the government faces an uphill

:21:53.:21:57.

task to persuade people that further cuts to public services are needed.

:21:58.:22:02.

Speaking ahead of Wednesday's Budget, he said more savings had

:22:03.:22:05.

to be made but there were no easy ones left, and warned

:22:06.:22:08.

that the Chancellor had 'very narrow space for manoeuvre',

:22:09.:22:10.

as our political editor Laura Kuenssberg reports.

:22:11.:22:11.

Balancing the books doesn't turn politicians into rock stars.

:22:12.:22:17.

But his Government's mission has always been sorting the economy out

:22:18.:22:19.

Visiting a London girls' school today ahead of the Budget,

:22:20.:22:26.

David Cameron appeared to have a lot of fans.

:22:27.:22:31.

George Osborne promised he would fix the deficit in five years,

:22:32.:22:35.

but at Budget after Budget, progress has been slow.

:22:36.:22:40.

By 2015, he said we were heading out of the red and back into the black,

:22:41.:22:46.

but paying off the costs of the crash?

:22:47.:22:48.

We're only around halfway through.

:22:49.:22:50.

When he's back out here on Wednesday, the tone

:22:51.:22:52.

Don't expect much talk of sunshine, because since the Chancellor's

:22:53.:22:56.

last big day out, money worries

:22:57.:22:57.

have emerged, so there's less cash flowing into government coffers.

:22:58.:23:03.

So even after six years of cuts, he'll squeeze public spending again.

:23:04.:23:15.

Lord Kerslake was the head of the civil service,

:23:16.:23:17.

one of the most senior officials hunting for cuts in

:23:18.:23:19.

I think the choice is quite difficult, because the Chancellor

:23:20.:23:23.

said he doesn't want to raise more taxes.

:23:24.:23:28.

The obvious efficiency savings have come through,

:23:29.:23:30.

I guess, in the early period, and his choices

:23:31.:23:34.

given what happened with the tax credits, I think are quite difficult

:23:35.:23:42.

as well, so it's hard to see where the easy choices are now.

:23:43.:23:45.

There are likely to be more cuts to welfare, possibly a rise in fuel

:23:46.:23:50.

tax, and an expected extra ?4 billion of savings

:23:51.:23:53.

But even in Tory-controlled Kent, the leader of the council believes

:23:54.:23:58.

Next year's Budget is going to be a really tough Budget

:23:59.:24:07.

where we are having to dig into our reserves,

:24:08.:24:10.

but it is going to be extraordinarily tough.

:24:11.:24:12.

The tank is now empty and we cannot take any more cuts

:24:13.:24:15.

in the scale that we have endured over the last five years.

:24:16.:24:21.

In some public services, the pressure to cut costs has

:24:22.:24:23.

Paul is blind and has learning difficulties.

:24:24.:24:30.

He used to get 20 hours of care a week.

:24:31.:24:33.

As part of the trial in Kent, Paul was taught to order his weekly

:24:34.:24:37.

shop online and he now receives only two hours of council help,

:24:38.:24:40.

I set up an online shopping account with the supermarket and I practised

:24:41.:24:56.

Once I got better, I was able to do it on my own.

:24:57.:25:06.

Tough times can present opportunities too, but with pressure

:25:07.:25:10.

from the European referendum bearing down, George Osborne needs smart

:25:11.:25:14.

Football now, and Leicester City are five points clear at the top

:25:15.:25:26.

of the Barclays Premier League after beating Newcastle United

:25:27.:25:30.

Shinji Okazaki scored the only goal to move them further clear

:25:31.:25:34.

of Tottenham Hotspur in the race for the title,

:25:35.:25:37.

Newcastle lost their first game under new coach Rafa Benitez

:25:38.:25:43.

Tyrannosaurus Rex, one of the fiercest predators ever seen

:25:44.:25:47.

on Earth, dominated the landscape around 66 million years ago.

:25:48.:25:52.

Until now, it's been unclear how it evolved into such

:25:53.:25:54.

But a team from the University of Edinburgh believes it's solved

:25:55.:25:59.

the mystery, with a new discovery of one of T-Rex's smaller ancestors.

:26:00.:26:01.

Our science correspondent Victoria Gill explains.

:26:02.:26:10.

Infamously fierce. Tyrannosaurus rex was one of the largest meat-eating

:26:11.:26:25.

dinosaurs ever to have lived. But there is another louche and in

:26:26.:26:28.

mystery surrounding this prehistoric hunter. How did the Rex become such

:26:29.:26:34.

a giant -- and abolition in mystery. That is a question that this small

:26:35.:26:39.

collection of fossilised bones might finally have answered. We have to

:26:40.:26:45.

clean new species of dinosaur, and it is a meat eating dinosaur, a

:26:46.:26:51.

tyrannosaur dinosaur. It comes from Uzbekistan, about 90 million years

:26:52.:26:55.

old, and is only the size of a horse, but is one of the closest

:26:56.:26:59.

cousins of T-Rex. And it tells us about how T-Rex was able to become

:27:00.:27:06.

so big, so dominant. The relatively few bones the scientists found in

:27:07.:27:10.

Uzbekistan are key pieces of an ancient skeletal jigsaw. They have

:27:11.:27:14.

allowed the team to reconstruct this new species. Most revealing was a

:27:15.:27:19.

piece of the animal's skull. Scanning and modelling this revealed

:27:20.:27:24.

that the dinosaur's brain was almost identical to T-Rex's. That suggests

:27:25.:27:29.

it had developed the sensory capabilities that made tyrannosaurs

:27:30.:27:32.

such excellent hunters, and that was a key step in allowing them to

:27:33.:27:39.

become so large. It is 90 million years old. It is the first

:27:40.:27:44.

tyrannosaur debate in the fossil record that separates T-Rex from its

:27:45.:27:47.

much smaller ancestors. That finally pins down the point at which these

:27:48.:27:52.

livestock sized carnivores began to evolve to eventually become these 12

:27:53.:28:01.

metre long monsters. T-Rex was far bigger and more terrifying than its

:28:02.:28:06.

predecessors. But in the story of tyrannosaur abolition, the brain

:28:07.:28:10.

came before the Braun. Victoria Gill, BBC News.

:28:11.:28:13.

The distinguished composer and conductor Sir Peter Maxwell Davies

:28:14.:28:15.

He had been suffering from leukaemia.

:28:16.:28:19.

Sir Peter, widely regarded as a radical, pioneering figure,

:28:20.:28:21.

also held the post of Master of the Queen's Music for a decade.

:28:22.:28:24.

Last month, he was awarded the Royal Philharmonic Society Gold Medal,

:28:25.:28:27.

the highest accolade the society can bestow,

:28:28.:28:30.

as our arts editor Will Gompertz reports.

:28:31.:28:34.

in rehearsals for his newly written 10th Symphony.

:28:35.:28:48.

Max, as he was known to all, was a prolific composer who believed

:28:49.:28:51.

passionately in the power and purpose of his art.

:28:52.:28:55.

These days, when there is so much strife, so much war

:28:56.:28:59.

and so much destruction, to do something

:29:00.:29:05.

and I hope in result, at the top end of what is possible

:29:06.:29:12.

in a civilisation, what a privilege, eh?

:29:13.:29:16.

The young Maxwell Davies was regarded as an enfant terrible

:29:17.:29:24.

an avant-garde composer accused of writing incomprehensible pieces.

:29:25.:29:32.

A lot of people have criticised me for writing music

:29:33.:29:35.

I take for granted that what I write has got a meaning.

:29:36.:29:44.

I think a composer should be able to take that for granted,

:29:45.:29:47.

otherwise he should not be in the business at all.

:29:48.:29:52.

determined and uncompromising within.

:29:53.:29:58.

Peter Maxwell Davies went his own idiosyncratic way,

:29:59.:30:03.

ironic, highly influential Eight Songs For A mad King.

:30:04.:30:14.

His taste for anarchy turned into admiration for the monarchy...

:30:15.:30:17.

It's a great pleasure to be able to give you that.

:30:18.:30:20.

..After the Queen honoured him by making him her Master of Music.

:30:21.:30:24.

I think we were all a bit blindsided by the fact that he had accepted it,

:30:25.:30:28.

He was an astonishingly wide-ranging composer and musician.

:30:29.:30:33.

He was very clear about what he believed in,

:30:34.:30:36.

and he believed in good things, particularly education,

:30:37.:30:40.

with a very democratic view of music.

:30:41.:30:43.

In 1971, the Salford-born composer moved to the Orkney Islands,

:30:44.:30:47.

which became his home and inspiration.

:30:48.:30:50.

I think the sea has played an enormous part in my work,

:30:51.:30:53.

first of all in the sound of it, but then the history of it.

:30:54.:30:57.

And it gets through to you, you don't have to think about it,

:30:58.:31:00.

Sir Peter Maxwell Davies had been ill for some time,

:31:01.:31:04.

but he never stopped working or maintaining

:31:05.:31:06.

that music can make the world a better place.

:31:07.:31:09.

It was a point he spent his life proving.

:31:10.:31:13.

Sir Peter Maxwell Davies, who's died today at the age of 81.

:31:14.:31:20.

Like many things Russian, it has taken the world by surprise. What

:31:21.:31:33.

does the Putin poll at for Syria and the rest of us? Join me now on BBC

:31:34.:31:36.

Two, 11pm in Scotland. Here on BBC One, it's time

:31:37.:31:37.

for the news where you are.

:31:38.:31:39.

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