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was committed, as gone through the same and has directed me to report | :00:00. | :00:08. | |
it your Lordships without amendment. My Lord's. I am delighted to be | :00:09. | :00:16. | |
opening this debate on the report BBC Charter Review. Reeth not | :00:17. | :00:21. | |
revolution, from the Select Committee on communications which I | :00:22. | :00:26. | |
have the honour to chair. The only interest I must declare is that my | :00:27. | :00:31. | |
son Will Best is the presenter o after BBC children's programme on | :00:32. | :00:32. | |
CBBC. I am grateful to my fellow committee | :00:33. | :00:36. | |
members for their input into this report. They represent different | :00:37. | :00:40. | |
perspectives within your Lordship's house and I think it is significant | :00:41. | :00:45. | |
so much unanimity was achieved for our conclusions and recommendations, | :00:46. | :00:52. | |
our thanks go to our clerk man Murphy, policy analyst and our | :00:53. | :01:00. | |
specialist adviser, and to all those who made submissions to the | :01:01. | :01:06. | |
committee, particularly the 43 witnesses who presented oral | :01:07. | :01:12. | |
evidence. As a trailer for the debate today, Baroness | :01:13. | :01:16. | |
Bonham-Carter's lunch break session on 10th March attracted 20 speakers | :01:17. | :01:20. | |
with contributions limited to one minute, today, with even more | :01:21. | :01:25. | |
speakers, but a sensible timetable I hope we can do more justice to a | :01:26. | :01:31. | |
subject which affects virtually every single man, woman and child in | :01:32. | :01:36. | |
the United Kingdom. I thank in advance all those who will be | :01:37. | :01:41. | |
speaking, in this debate. The Secretary of State has told us | :01:42. | :01:44. | |
our, told our committee that Government, rather than responding | :01:45. | :01:49. | |
separately to our report, will take it into account, in preparing the | :01:50. | :01:53. | |
White Paper on renewal of the BBC's Charter, we now know that the White | :01:54. | :01:59. | |
Paper will be published in late May. This mean, my Lord's, that our | :02:00. | :02:03. | |
debate is well timed to feed into the final stages of the White | :02:04. | :02:08. | |
Paper's content, but once that White Paper has been released it will be | :02:09. | :02:11. | |
important for this House to be given an opportunity to consider it fully. | :02:12. | :02:16. | |
Could I ask the noble Baroness the minister, if she might reassure | :02:17. | :02:18. | |
understand that time will be allocated on the floor of the House, | :02:19. | :02:23. | |
to debate this proposals which will be set out in this important White | :02:24. | :02:29. | |
Paper? My Lord's t title of the report on BBC charter renewal, foi | :02:30. | :02:34. | |
which are indebted to our committee member the noble Lord, Lord heart, | :02:35. | :02:38. | |
sums up the position we have taken. We put our faith in a BBC which | :02:39. | :02:44. | |
respects and appreciates its founding principle, established by | :02:45. | :02:48. | |
the first Director General Lord Reith, and we rejected calls for | :02:49. | :02:53. | |
radical fundamental change in the underlying purpose of the BBC, or | :02:54. | :02:58. | |
its scale or scope. Speaking personally, I was aware at the | :02:59. | :03:04. | |
outset of our inquiry, of a lot of background noise about the | :03:05. | :03:08. | |
possibilities of dramatic change for the BBC. Of course, there had been | :03:09. | :03:15. | |
the Jimmy Savile scandal, criticisms of salaries for executives, | :03:16. | :03:19. | |
accusations of political bias and so on, but as the evidence rolled in, | :03:20. | :03:25. | |
it became clear to me that mostly the fuss, the call for the BBC to be | :03:26. | :03:31. | |
cut down to size, opened up to commercial competition and the rest, | :03:32. | :03:35. | |
was coming from the Westminster village not from the world outside, | :03:36. | :03:40. | |
broadly we discovered that the public at large were strongly in | :03:41. | :03:46. | |
favour of their BBC, and would be gratefully opposed to radical | :03:47. | :03:51. | |
change. My Lord's, we recognise that with a limited timescale we couldn't | :03:52. | :03:56. | |
cover every aspect of the BBC's future so we deliberately excluded | :03:57. | :04:00. | |
the topic of governance of the corporation not least because they | :04:01. | :04:04. | |
were considered by our sister committee, in the other place, and | :04:05. | :04:09. | |
because in September last year the Government announced that Sir David | :04:10. | :04:15. | |
Clementy would carry out a review. In the event I do not think the | :04:16. | :04:19. | |
committee would have any disagreement with the Select | :04:20. | :04:22. | |
Committee's views or the recommendations of Sir David on the | :04:23. | :04:27. | |
creation a new unitary board for the BBC, with the abolition of the BBC | :04:28. | :04:34. | |
Trust, and regulation by Ofcom. The areas we did tackle, in our eight | :04:35. | :04:39. | |
month inquiry, covered first the underlying purpose of the BBC, | :04:40. | :04:44. | |
second the BBC's scale and scope, third, the process for setting the | :04:45. | :04:48. | |
license fee, and finally, the timing of the charity, for how many years | :04:49. | :04:53. | |
should it run before renewal. In terms of the BBC's purpose, the | :04:54. | :04:58. | |
charter states that the BBC's main objective is the promotion of | :04:59. | :05:02. | |
certain public purposes, we decided to examine the six official public | :05:03. | :05:07. | |
purpose, in some depth, but as we ventured further into the detail of | :05:08. | :05:13. | |
these, it became increasingly apparent as was voiced most | :05:14. | :05:19. | |
forcefully by the noble Earl, Lord Aaron that the purpose's framework | :05:20. | :05:24. | |
come pricing a mission statement, six public purpose, purpose remit, | :05:25. | :05:30. | |
purpose priority, and very detailed service licenses, was far too | :05:31. | :05:34. | |
complex. When the director general came before the committee, we were | :05:35. | :05:39. | |
shown the huge stack of forms and submissions, the BBC must complete | :05:40. | :05:44. | |
to fulfil these multiple requirement, all this complexity we | :05:45. | :05:49. | |
concluded makes practical assessment of the BBC's performance more | :05:50. | :05:52. | |
difficult. We recommended a much simpler and transparent approach. We | :05:53. | :05:58. | |
liked the distillation of the BBC's objectives the as set out by Lord | :05:59. | :06:02. | |
Reith to inform, educate and entertain. And we recommend than the | :06:03. | :06:07. | |
status of these Reethian principles should be reaffirmed at the BBC's | :06:08. | :06:14. | |
overarching mission. We recommended scrapping the current six public | :06:15. | :06:19. | |
purposes and felt instead the BBC should adopt the four general public | :06:20. | :06:25. | |
service broadcaster purposes which apply to all PSP broadcaster, to | :06:26. | :06:31. | |
ITV, champion four, Channel 5 as well as the BBC but with the BBC | :06:32. | :06:37. | |
setting the gold standard. Its special status and funding through a | :06:38. | :06:43. | |
universal license fee gives the BBC, we maintained, unique only | :06:44. | :06:47. | |
investigations to its audience, it should reflect the different | :06:48. | :06:52. | |
opinion, lifestyles, beliefs and values, of the UK's nations, | :06:53. | :06:59. | |
regions, and diverse communities. Indeed we dared to suggest a fourth | :07:00. | :07:03. | |
dimen should be the Reethian mission, so this might become to | :07:04. | :07:10. | |
inform, educate, entertain and reflect, dimension. We went on the | :07:11. | :07:17. | |
propose the abolition of the purpose priorities the and recommended a | :07:18. | :07:23. | |
full review of the services licenses, with a view to these being | :07:24. | :07:27. | |
simplified and strengthened. Defining clearly what is expected of | :07:28. | :07:31. | |
each service, while still encouraging creativity, we were not | :07:32. | :07:36. | |
letting the BBC off the hook. We felt it should be firmly held to | :07:37. | :07:41. | |
account, for any noncompliance with the service license, and these | :07:42. | :07:45. | |
should be reviewed more frequently than the current review held every | :07:46. | :07:50. | |
five years. To assist this process, we were clear that the independent | :07:51. | :07:55. | |
regulator should be provided with a comprehensive account of the BBC's | :07:56. | :08:01. | |
spending by genre, for children's programme, new, drama, current | :08:02. | :08:04. | |
affairs, etc, this information was made available to the committee, but | :08:05. | :08:09. | |
because of its commercial sensitivity could not be published | :08:10. | :08:13. | |
more widely. In looking at this, in other evidence weeks pressed some | :08:14. | :08:18. | |
concern at the downward trend in the BBC's investment in current affair, | :08:19. | :08:24. | |
spurred on by the noble Baroness, we understood line the importance the | :08:25. | :08:28. | |
BBC continuing to fund adequately it output at the leader of in the field | :08:29. | :08:32. | |
of children's programmes. We noted with concern a decrease in spending | :08:33. | :08:37. | |
on arts, and we emphasised the important role the BBC in | :08:38. | :08:42. | |
stimulating creativity in cultural exercise, particularly in the field | :08:43. | :08:47. | |
of music and drama, and through training, and developing talent. We | :08:48. | :08:53. | |
noted the criticism that the BBC was too London-centric and we commended | :08:54. | :08:56. | |
the steps taken to address this by moving production to other city, we | :08:57. | :09:02. | |
were impressed by the impact of the BBC's investment in Sam forked's'dia | :09:03. | :09:06. | |
city, which we visited -- Salford. We heard from a number of witness, | :09:07. | :09:11. | |
particularly a panel of young people, that the BBC did not | :09:12. | :09:15. | |
sufficiently reflect their lives or the lives of those with disabilities | :09:16. | :09:22. | |
or those within BA MA communities, we noticed the BBC recognised its | :09:23. | :09:26. | |
deficiencies an we expect to see marked improvement. We heard | :09:27. | :09:34. | |
concerns about decline across broads canning in religious programmes | :09:35. | :09:39. | |
which the Bishop of Chelmsford made today. We say they should may Tain | :09:40. | :09:45. | |
the quality an content of out put. Noble Lords will not be surprised to | :09:46. | :09:49. | |
know we welcomed Government funding for it will World Service an we | :09:50. | :09:53. | |
endorse the crucial role the BBC plays in the UK's culture influence, | :09:54. | :09:58. | |
and soft power on the world stage. Turning to our second area of | :09:59. | :10:02. | |
interest, the BBC scale and scope, it is true that the BBC has already | :10:03. | :10:07. | |
had to cut back and find significant savings. We noted in today's global | :10:08. | :10:13. | |
economy, the BBC is really quite small, compared in particular to | :10:14. | :10:18. | |
American players such as Amazon and Netflix. We heard no convincing case | :10:19. | :10:23. | |
for a significant reduction in the scale or scope of the BBC. Nor did | :10:24. | :10:28. | |
we accept arguments that the BBC should be restricted to remedying | :10:29. | :10:33. | |
gaps, for which the commercial market does not provide. We were | :10:34. | :10:38. | |
clear that its out put should bring benefits to all license fee payer | :10:39. | :10:46. | |
and don't to be a universal broadcaster. More over in the | :10:47. | :10:52. | |
changing world of the digital age, we recognise that the BBC had an | :10:53. | :10:57. | |
important role as an non-commercial contributors to development | :10:58. | :11:00. | |
innovative technologies like the iPlayer, but also to delivering its | :11:01. | :11:05. | |
content online. When we came to our third theme, with process for | :11:06. | :11:10. | |
setting the level of the license fee, strong views were expressed to | :11:11. | :11:17. | |
us about the deal struck behind closed doors, in July 2015. Most of | :11:18. | :11:23. | |
the evidence was highly critical of the Government's proposal and the | :11:24. | :11:27. | |
BBC's acceptance that the cost of funding free television licenses for | :11:28. | :11:32. | |
the over-75s, should come out of cuts to other spending by the BBC. | :11:33. | :11:37. | |
We recommended instead, that in future the process should be out in | :11:38. | :11:41. | |
the open with widespread consultation before any such deals | :11:42. | :11:45. | |
are done. We spelled out a detailed process, for setting the license | :11:46. | :11:50. | |
fee, or indeed a household Levy if that was introduced. | :11:51. | :11:55. | |
The independent regulator would make an evidence based recommendation to | :11:56. | :12:01. | |
the secretary of state for Culture, Media and Sport, the Secretary of | :12:02. | :12:03. | |
State would have an op obligation to do this or publish the reasons for | :12:04. | :12:10. | |
not doing so, the relay for would be allowed to submit an amended | :12:11. | :12:13. | |
recommendation but not a third one, the Secretary of State would have | :12:14. | :12:16. | |
the final say, and as now, Parliament would be asked to approve | :12:17. | :12:21. | |
a statutory instrument. Finally on the time, of the Charter | :12:22. | :12:29. | |
Review process, we recommended a decoupling from the five yearly | :12:30. | :12:33. | |
general election cycle. The present timings could lead to overhasty | :12:34. | :12:37. | |
decision making soon after an election, we also noted that the | :12:38. | :12:43. | |
impartiality and independence of the BBC could be compromised by a shore | :12:44. | :12:48. | |
charter period. There would be a Sword of Damocles hanging over the | :12:49. | :12:53. | |
BBC, with an ever present threat of an imminent new charter. More over | :12:54. | :12:58. | |
over we recognise the considerable financial management burden of more | :12:59. | :13:02. | |
frequent Charter Review, we were persuaded therefore, that the | :13:03. | :13:06. | |
charter period should be no shorter than the current ten years. Which | :13:07. | :13:12. | |
provides the BBC, and the wider creative industries that depend upon | :13:13. | :13:16. | |
the BBC, with the necessary stability for longer term planning. | :13:17. | :13:21. | |
But to avoid coinciding with the cycle of general election, we | :13:22. | :13:25. | |
recommended the next charter should be for 11 years, with a ten year | :13:26. | :13:32. | |
period thereafter. My Lord's, we did not shirk from recommending an | :13:33. | :13:36. | |
enhanced framework of accountability for the BBC and I think it sits well | :13:37. | :13:42. | |
with the recommendations from the review and the DCMS committee for | :13:43. | :13:44. | |
regulation. We were unanimously opposed to | :13:45. | :13:59. | |
diminution of the BBC. We will want transparency in the setting of | :14:00. | :14:02. | |
licence fee and one an 11 year Charter period next time. Lighting | :14:03. | :14:07. | |
criticism for these some aspects of the BBC behaviour in the past, I | :14:08. | :14:10. | |
will report was overwhelmingly supportive and appreciative of the | :14:11. | :14:17. | |
BBC. It is indeed a national treasure, an institution from which | :14:18. | :14:22. | |
all of us gain so much, and can rightly feel a genuine sense of | :14:23. | :14:29. | |
national pride. I beg to move. The question is that the motion be | :14:30. | :14:38. | |
agreed to. Milos, firstly I congratulate the honourable ember | :14:39. | :14:40. | |
Lord Best and indeed the committee on this report, and I can catch the | :14:41. | :14:47. | |
noble Lord on the leadership of the communications committee and the way | :14:48. | :14:50. | |
he is just introduced his report and I must say I found myself in | :14:51. | :14:53. | |
agreement with virtually everything that he said. It is an important | :14:54. | :14:57. | |
report, and I hope that the government will follow its | :14:58. | :15:01. | |
proposals. I particularly in doors what the committee has said on the | :15:02. | :15:05. | |
principles and guidance of Lord Rees, which is clear and above all, | :15:06. | :15:10. | |
offensive, that the aim of the BBC should be to inform, educate and | :15:11. | :15:14. | |
entertain, and even reflect, which has been added to. Each is | :15:15. | :15:21. | |
important. I have always been most supportive of the aim to inform, | :15:22. | :15:25. | |
meaning that the BBC should provide the best possible objective news | :15:26. | :15:31. | |
coverage. A duty which to my mind and in spite of all the sniping, I | :15:32. | :15:40. | |
think they fulfil excellently. I think the pain also to entertain | :15:41. | :15:43. | |
must be recognised, there should be no question of that been jettisoned, | :15:44. | :15:47. | |
so that the commercial sector can fill the gap. We all know what the | :15:48. | :15:52. | |
result of the next stage of that would be, it would be an assault on | :15:53. | :16:00. | |
the licence fee, on the basis that the BBC was not reaching the whole | :16:01. | :16:08. | |
of the nation. My Lords, the report begins by going back to 1927, the | :16:09. | :16:14. | |
formation of the BBC. But there is actually a staple for that. In 1925, | :16:15. | :16:21. | |
an all-party broadcasting committee set up by the government proposed | :16:22. | :16:26. | |
that and I quote eight public corporation should be set up to act | :16:27. | :16:29. | |
as a trustee for the national interest in broadcasting. And added, | :16:30. | :16:34. | |
that the corporation should be set up by statute. Ministers didn't like | :16:35. | :16:48. | |
the idea of them not being in the drivers, didn't like the idea of | :16:49. | :16:51. | |
being statute, because that meant putting things do both houses, and | :16:52. | :16:56. | |
they said it would become a preacher of Parliament, to quote their | :16:57. | :16:59. | |
phrase. So they brought forward the proposal that it should be under a | :17:00. | :17:04. | |
Royal Charter, and thus it became a creature of government. The Royal | :17:05. | :17:10. | |
Charter gave the government the ability to evade Parliament, and the | :17:11. | :17:17. | |
powerful minister to do what they like. That is what the water other | :17:18. | :17:23. | |
means, it the power to the executive, and that is the position | :17:24. | :17:30. | |
that we basically have today, the government may make fundamental | :17:31. | :17:35. | |
changes, but without the inconvenience of getting | :17:36. | :17:37. | |
Parliamentary approval. And how do they defend this indefensible | :17:38. | :17:41. | |
position? They say as my noble friend said only on Tuesday, and I | :17:42. | :17:49. | |
quote, for nearly 90 years, a Royal Charter has been the constitutional | :17:50. | :17:53. | |
basis of the BBC underlying the independence of the BBC from | :17:54. | :18:01. | |
political interference. I make absolutely no criticism of my noble | :18:02. | :18:05. | |
friend who is one of our very best ministers, and I underlined that, | :18:06. | :18:11. | |
but this is the consistent line of the Department of culture and has | :18:12. | :18:14. | |
been for the last decade and probably more, even when they say | :18:15. | :18:21. | |
they are protecting the BBC from political interference, that really | :18:22. | :18:27. | |
is the greatest nonsense. The political interference comes not | :18:28. | :18:30. | |
from Parliament, it comes from government. The worst political | :18:31. | :18:34. | |
interference is the interference of government ministers, and so it has | :18:35. | :18:44. | |
been over the last few decades. My Lords, I wasn't... It wasn't | :18:45. | :18:50. | |
Parliament who handed over to the BBC a ?600 million bill for free | :18:51. | :18:57. | |
television for the 07 divides. It was the government. -- over seven | :18:58. | :19:05. | |
divides. The government is notorious for interfering politically. Unless | :19:06. | :19:07. | |
one understand and accept that then I don't think we'll make a great | :19:08. | :19:13. | |
amount of progress. Let us recognise that quite irrespective of party all | :19:14. | :19:18. | |
government and prime ministers have their views. I remember the noble | :19:19. | :19:24. | |
Lady Thatcher, she made no effort to disguise her scepticism. At the | :19:25. | :19:30. | |
dinner of the government, I remember her saying that if she was ever | :19:31. | :19:35. | |
detected to say selling nice about the BBC, Dennis soon be persuaded | :19:36. | :19:42. | |
her out of it. It was just the occasion! Following the last | :19:43. | :19:49. | |
election, all kinds of threatening noises time from number ten that now | :19:50. | :19:58. | |
was the time to take on the BBC. And of course, suspicion and antipathy | :19:59. | :20:03. | |
BBC reporting is not confined to one party. Howard Wilson was not | :20:04. | :20:11. | |
renowned as a great supporter of the independence of the British board | :20:12. | :20:14. | |
operation, and even more up-to-date, nor was Tony Blair and Alistair | :20:15. | :20:17. | |
Campbell. There were beside themselves with rage about the | :20:18. | :20:22. | |
corporation's coverage of the Iraq war. So, the last charter in review | :20:23. | :20:31. | |
in 2005, a number of us were on that committee, which looked at the | :20:32. | :20:37. | |
charter then, they invented the BBC trust, and they deliberately at the | :20:38. | :20:40. | |
top of the BBC divided responsibility. So, when the GC MS | :20:41. | :20:53. | |
say they do that the charter has and I quote served us so well for 90 | :20:54. | :20:57. | |
years, I think we are entitled to save just who you kidding? -- the | :20:58. | :21:08. | |
DCMS. In 1995I was chairman of the committee looking at the renewal of | :21:09. | :21:16. | |
the BBC, the BBC trust, dividing at the top of the corporation. We | :21:17. | :21:20. | |
rejected the proposal! That of course had not the slightest impact | :21:21. | :21:25. | |
on the decision whatsoever. The government, using their charter | :21:26. | :21:29. | |
powers, imposed it, and now ten years later, can one see what is | :21:30. | :21:34. | |
happening? What is happening now? It is that it is going to be abolished | :21:35. | :21:40. | |
at as a bold step by the new government. Goodness knows what the | :21:41. | :21:43. | |
cost to the taxpayer is of this fruitless adventure, and this is the | :21:44. | :21:50. | |
direct product of the Royal Charter that has served us so well. My | :21:51. | :21:54. | |
Lords, the only sensible question to be asked now is what we can do about | :21:55. | :22:01. | |
it, and it seems to me that there are two possible courses. You could | :22:02. | :22:05. | |
turn the BBC into a statutory corporation like Channel 4. That | :22:06. | :22:10. | |
actually has very substantial attractions. It means with Channel | :22:11. | :22:16. | |
4, for example, fundamental twinges, would have to be approved by | :22:17. | :22:21. | |
parliament. It means that if you wanted to privatise Channel 4 and | :22:22. | :22:26. | |
there are rumours of that kind, you have two introduce primary | :22:27. | :22:30. | |
legislation through both houses of both Parliament. Now I am not a whip | :22:31. | :22:35. | |
but I wouldn't give too many chances of that surviving all that. It does | :22:36. | :22:43. | |
mean that if the government had the slightest sense, they wouldn't | :22:44. | :22:47. | |
attempt such action, so it is a great check upon the power of | :22:48. | :22:51. | |
governments to act. That is one course. The alternative is to make | :22:52. | :22:57. | |
the charter changes subject to approval by both Houses of | :22:58. | :23:00. | |
parliament, in this way, the BBC trust proposal would have had to | :23:01. | :23:05. | |
come to Parliament and would have had to approach be approved by both | :23:06. | :23:12. | |
houses. That is an alternative, less elaborate perhaps way of doing it, | :23:13. | :23:20. | |
and my noble friend Lord Lester, the noble Lord Lord Lester, he is my | :23:21. | :23:25. | |
friend as well, I will allow him to set that out. The point is the | :23:26. | :23:32. | |
charter as a noun stands means either fundamental reform or total | :23:33. | :23:38. | |
abolition. It is utterly undemocratic, makes a nonsense of | :23:39. | :23:42. | |
parliamentary sovereignty, and hands all power to ministers, and I will | :23:43. | :23:47. | |
would not have thought that anyone in that -- in this country really | :23:48. | :23:54. | |
wants. My Lords I will not try to cover the whole of the BBC, but in | :23:55. | :23:59. | |
conclusion that Lambie just to say this. I am passionately in favour of | :24:00. | :24:05. | |
an independent BBC, free from government interference will stop a | :24:06. | :24:13. | |
BBC with a place in the world, and a strong BBC World Service. A BBC | :24:14. | :24:18. | |
where news reporting is put high, and reporting skills of | :24:19. | :24:22. | |
correspondence are properly valued. A BBC with a licence fee, and not | :24:23. | :24:28. | |
some subscription model. A BBC which is subject to check but not the | :24:29. | :24:33. | |
check of the BBC trust, particularly when we have a perfectly good | :24:34. | :24:38. | |
regulator in Ofcom. And of course above all, perhaps, a BBC where the | :24:39. | :24:44. | |
director-general and an independent board to make the decisions | :24:45. | :24:47. | |
regarding corporation inside the budget that they have and are given. | :24:48. | :24:55. | |
My Lords, what I do not want is a board for the BBC to be set up and | :24:56. | :25:03. | |
to include and the consisting of government placements of one kind or | :25:04. | :25:08. | |
another. But I do not want fully BBC. -- that I do not want for the | :25:09. | :25:16. | |
BBC. What I think we should have is five-year reviews, also, which would | :25:17. | :25:26. | |
mean that the BBC is constantly under threat of review and the | :25:27. | :25:30. | |
threat of change. -- I do not want five-year reviews. Government's | :25:31. | :25:34. | |
involvement with therefore becomes greater rather than less, and that | :25:35. | :25:37. | |
is not what the public in this country what you want. My hope is | :25:38. | :25:44. | |
the government will recognise the importance of the BBC and its | :25:45. | :25:47. | |
national and its international reputation, and my hope is that the | :25:48. | :25:54. | |
government see to strengthen the BBC not to weaken it, and my hope is | :25:55. | :25:56. | |
also that the government would follow the advice of this excellent | :25:57. | :26:02. | |
report from the Communications committee, and implement their | :26:03. | :26:10. | |
proposals within it. My Lords, I too welcome this opportunity of this | :26:11. | :26:13. | |
debate, like Lord Fowler, and I'm grateful to Lord Best of committee | :26:14. | :26:18. | |
for their sterling work. It is not the first time I have followed a | :26:19. | :26:25. | |
speech from Lord Fowler on this topic and climate of agreeing with | :26:26. | :26:29. | |
all of his words. Having shed the joint scrutiny committee from the | :26:30. | :26:33. | |
2003 communications Beale, I'm keenly aware of the complexities of | :26:34. | :26:38. | |
any discussion on this issue. I would like to declare an interest. I | :26:39. | :26:42. | |
am chairing an ongoing enquiry into the future of Public Service | :26:43. | :26:46. | |
Broadcasting generally, not just the BBC, and we intend to report in | :26:47. | :26:53. | |
June. This committee bug report we are debating today is extremely | :26:54. | :27:01. | |
helpful. I was forced -- it was somewhat narrower than the debate | :27:02. | :27:04. | |
deserves that this rather late stage in the process. I welcome its focus | :27:05. | :27:08. | |
on public purpose, the support for a far more transparent purpose of | :27:09. | :27:13. | |
setting up the license bill, and its positions of emotion of the BBC | :27:14. | :27:18. | |
being any form of market failure broadcaster. I strongly support the | :27:19. | :27:22. | |
conclusion that there is no need no justification for contestable | :27:23. | :27:26. | |
funding, let alone further top slicing of the BBC's resources for | :27:27. | :27:32. | |
other purposes. The reports remit did not allow it to address the | :27:33. | :27:36. | |
issues of governance, and funding more generally. It suggested | :27:37. | :27:39. | |
scrapping a good deal of the framework without putting in place | :27:40. | :27:42. | |
anything substantive beyond supporting Ofcom's definition of | :27:43. | :27:50. | |
PSP. For me, the crucial issue that anyone seriously interested in the | :27:51. | :27:55. | |
democracy is to focus on the overriding importance of the | :27:56. | :27:57. | |
corporation independence. The future cannot be business as | :27:58. | :28:11. | |
usual, the need is to restore faith in the process and to do so the | :28:12. | :28:13. | |
Government Mr Mitchell at its support for meaningful independence | :28:14. | :28:18. | |
in its approach to appointments. As we are currently seeing, governments | :28:19. | :28:21. | |
of all persuasions can and do use the prospect of charge review and | :28:22. | :28:25. | |
its associated funding decisions to put pressure on the BBC. For a | :28:26. | :28:28. | |
democracy such as ours I believe this to be a thoroughly unhealthy | :28:29. | :28:33. | |
state of affairs, and surely, my Lords, after almost a century of | :28:34. | :28:37. | |
extraordinary access the time has come for the BBC to be constituted | :28:38. | :28:41. | |
on a more secure and permanent basis. I will therefore be avidly | :28:42. | :28:46. | |
supporting Lord Lester in arguing in favour of replacing the present | :28:47. | :28:51. | |
Charter system by placing the BBC on a statutory footing, if necessary | :28:52. | :28:54. | |
through the new act of Parliament. The recent review of the BBC's | :28:55. | :29:00. | |
governance and legislation was right to highlight the problems BBC Trust | :29:01. | :29:02. | |
has experienced since it replaced the governors as the corporation's | :29:03. | :29:08. | |
sovereign body. As Sir David noticed the trust has completed governance | :29:09. | :29:12. | |
with regulation and as a result as often been hard to tell who has been | :29:13. | :29:16. | |
in charge, the executive or the trust. I'm sure I was not the only | :29:17. | :29:23. | |
Member of the House who was disappointed to read Sir David's | :29:24. | :29:26. | |
suggestion that government could appoint six out of the 13 unitary | :29:27. | :29:31. | |
board members. It is even more disturbing to hear the Conservative | :29:32. | :29:36. | |
Secretary of State to suggest it is perfectly that it for the Government | :29:37. | :29:40. | |
to appoint a significant majority of board members. Given that the green | :29:41. | :29:44. | |
paper claims, and I quote: the independence of the BBC is | :29:45. | :29:47. | |
absolutely central to its mission, then surely any proposal to increase | :29:48. | :29:51. | |
government influence of what is intended to be a powerful and | :29:52. | :29:54. | |
influential body, suggests precisely the opposite. At the very least, the | :29:55. | :30:00. | |
process should resemble that of Channel 4, nine of who is 13 board | :30:01. | :30:05. | |
members, I am deputy chairman, nine of who is Boardman Lambert are | :30:06. | :30:10. | |
appointed by Ofcom, free of any perceptible government influence. | :30:11. | :30:14. | |
I'd like to see a majority of board members selected through a more | :30:15. | :30:18. | |
democratic and imaginative process involving diverse experience from | :30:19. | :30:25. | |
across the country. My Lords, we should all be conscious of a growing | :30:26. | :30:30. | |
disquiet and even an anger over the prospect of a Whittingdale | :30:31. | :30:35. | |
broadcasting Corporation. I prefer, noble Lords to the speech given by | :30:36. | :30:38. | |
the shadow secretary for DC MS on Tuesday of this week in which she | :30:39. | :30:42. | |
excoriated the government for what appeared to be its bullying of the | :30:43. | :30:48. | |
corporation during this current charter reviewing process. For | :30:49. | :30:51. | |
example by floating proposals that would involve the corporation | :30:52. | :30:58. | |
selling its stake in UK TV's burqa of channels stripping BBC worldwide | :30:59. | :31:01. | |
of a third of its profits command also draw the attention of the House | :31:02. | :31:06. | |
to the person who may well be this country's most trusted public | :31:07. | :31:09. | |
figure, Sir David Attenborough, that as he put it the government need to | :31:10. | :31:14. | |
put themselves at arm's-length from the BBC in order to protect its | :31:15. | :31:19. | |
independence. My Lords, the Government has an opportunity to | :31:20. | :31:22. | |
demonstrate its support for the BBC through its deeds rather than its | :31:23. | :31:26. | |
words. Providing the corporation with the security and scale it | :31:27. | :31:29. | |
requires to continue in its role as the fundamental cornerstone for | :31:30. | :31:34. | |
public service information landscape as well as the vital engine room of | :31:35. | :31:38. | |
the UK's ever more successful creative industries. Yes, the BBC | :31:39. | :31:42. | |
needs to enter into new partnerships but they should not be imposed | :31:43. | :31:46. | |
through top slicing, or forcing it to become more distinctive when it's | :31:47. | :31:49. | |
obvious this is simply another way of saying that it should retreat | :31:50. | :31:55. | |
from popular formats. My Lords, for almost 20 years I had the pleasure | :31:56. | :31:59. | |
of sitting on the board of Anglia television. As such, I witnessed at | :32:00. | :32:04. | |
first hand the manner in which ill considered legislation, in this case | :32:05. | :32:08. | |
the 1990 broadcasting act, led to significant and holy ancestry job | :32:09. | :32:13. | |
losses, the evisceration of an excellent regionally -based training | :32:14. | :32:18. | |
structure and general decline in regional pride and identity, and | :32:19. | :32:21. | |
most regrettable of all, the erosion of democratic accountability. My | :32:22. | :32:25. | |
Lords, you only have to consider the dramatically reduced level of | :32:26. | :32:30. | |
visibility of any backbench MP as against the situation 30 years ago, | :32:31. | :32:36. | |
a time when every MP, along with other significant local political | :32:37. | :32:38. | |
figures, could expect to get their views aired across their regions and | :32:39. | :32:43. | |
to their local constituents on at least a quarterly basis. That's what | :32:44. | :32:48. | |
I'm referring to when I refer to ill thought through legislation creating | :32:49. | :32:50. | |
a damaging loss of democratic accountability. I'm pleased, | :32:51. | :32:56. | |
however, my Lords, to report not every senior member of the | :32:57. | :33:00. | |
government shares a lingering antipathy towards the government. | :33:01. | :33:03. | |
Here is what the Chancellor had to say on Radio 4 just two days ago. | :33:04. | :33:09. | |
Britain is a great country, it's the world's fifth-largest economy with | :33:10. | :33:12. | |
the world's best Armed Forces, best health service and best broadcaster. | :33:13. | :33:18. | |
We are the first in the world for soft power thanks to our language, | :33:19. | :33:22. | |
culture and creativity. Unless I'm very much mistaken, my Lords, I | :33:23. | :33:28. | |
don't think Mr Gove was referring to Sky, but who knows? We have been | :33:29. | :33:33. | |
assured that the White Paper on the future of the BBC will be with us | :33:34. | :33:37. | |
shortly. We can only hope it contains measures designed to | :33:38. | :33:39. | |
strengthen public service broadcasting and not to eviscerate | :33:40. | :33:42. | |
it at the behest of its commercial rivals. Indeed, I think we should do | :33:43. | :33:47. | |
more than hope. I'd like to believe that today's debate will be seen as | :33:48. | :33:51. | |
a shot across the bows of any government from any party wishing to | :33:52. | :33:55. | |
bring forward measures that could damage one of this country's two | :33:56. | :34:02. | |
most highly regarded institutions. In a world running short on trust | :34:03. | :34:06. | |
the BBC remains a significantly more credible organisation than any of | :34:07. | :34:10. | |
those who for political or commercial reasons seek to undermine | :34:11. | :34:14. | |
it. Two weeks ago I had the pleasure of chairing an event at Bafta | :34:15. | :34:19. | |
discussing the future of public service broadcasting. At the end of | :34:20. | :34:25. | |
what was a lively session, I suggested that there was such public | :34:26. | :34:29. | |
interest in this area that any attempt by government to undermine | :34:30. | :34:31. | |
the BBC and its independence would be met by a march down Whitehall | :34:32. | :34:35. | |
that would make the countryside Alliance look like a tea party. I | :34:36. | :34:40. | |
sincerely believe that could be the case, I sincerely hope it will be | :34:41. | :34:45. | |
there and I hope the rest of the country would back it. My Lords, I | :34:46. | :34:53. | |
too congratulate noble Lord Lord Best and members of this committee | :34:54. | :34:57. | |
on an excellent and wide-ranging report. I've long been a critical | :34:58. | :35:01. | |
friend of the BBC, believing it to be the best broadcaster in the | :35:02. | :35:06. | |
world, and indeed one of the best gifts of this nation to the world. | :35:07. | :35:11. | |
And the committee's report talks in similar terms, describing the BBC as | :35:12. | :35:16. | |
one of this nation's most treasured institutions, a keystone of British | :35:17. | :35:20. | |
rod casting, respected across the world, and it talks of the BBC | :35:21. | :35:26. | |
playing a central role in the wider creative industries. But, my Lords, | :35:27. | :35:33. | |
it is vital that as the Government finalises its deliberations on a new | :35:34. | :35:36. | |
charter, nothing is done which will undermine the BBC's ability to | :35:37. | :35:42. | |
continue to merit such accolades, and nothing should be done to | :35:43. | :35:46. | |
undermine the independence and impartiality of the BBC. The noble | :35:47. | :35:52. | |
Lord Lord Puttnam said that this should be the top priority, and I | :35:53. | :35:58. | |
entirely agree with him. And the noble Lord Lord Fowler, with a | :35:59. | :36:02. | |
distinguished track record in these areas, talked powerfully about the | :36:03. | :36:05. | |
need to develop mechanisms to reduce government interference in the BBC, | :36:06. | :36:11. | |
and when he speaks later, my noble and learned friend Lord Lester will | :36:12. | :36:14. | |
talk about how he believes statutory underpinning can help and I look | :36:15. | :36:21. | |
forward to hearing his contribution. The committee report makes clear, | :36:22. | :36:25. | |
and I entirely agree with it, that maintaining independence and | :36:26. | :36:29. | |
impartiality will be aided by a new charter which lasts for at least ten | :36:30. | :36:35. | |
years. On Tuesday in your lordship's house I noted that the noble lady | :36:36. | :36:39. | |
the Minister referred to the value of a Royal Charter lasting for what | :36:40. | :36:44. | |
she described as a good period of time. I hope very much that she will | :36:45. | :36:49. | |
accept the committee's recommendation for a minimum 10-year | :36:50. | :36:55. | |
period. Since this will not only help protect the independence and | :36:56. | :36:58. | |
impartiality, but it will also provide security in terms of | :36:59. | :37:02. | |
planning and investment for the BBC, and as the report points out, | :37:03. | :37:06. | |
stability for the wider creative industries that relate to the BBC. | :37:07. | :37:11. | |
But, of course, that security and stability would be undermined if the | :37:12. | :37:16. | |
charter period is set for a good period of time but includes a | :37:17. | :37:22. | |
mid-term review whose scope allows for the unpicking of bits of the | :37:23. | :37:27. | |
charter itself, and I hope we can receive free assurances that that | :37:28. | :37:32. | |
will not be the case. And the report makes one other important | :37:33. | :37:34. | |
recommendation on the length of the charter, suggesting that the next | :37:35. | :37:40. | |
Charter should be and not ten years, to decouple the Charter review | :37:41. | :37:44. | |
process from the General Election cycle, and to allow full | :37:45. | :37:48. | |
consultation and dialogue. I think that is an extremely sensible | :37:49. | :37:51. | |
proposal and I look forward to hearing the noble lady, the | :37:52. | :37:56. | |
Minister's thoughts on it. My Lords, the committee, as we have heard, | :37:57. | :38:00. | |
consciously did not cover the issue of governance of the BBC. Their | :38:01. | :38:04. | |
decision in the words of the report to eschew governments was well | :38:05. | :38:08. | |
founded, given the subsequent announcement of the review. Sir | :38:09. | :38:16. | |
David's review proposed the most radical overhaul of the BBC's | :38:17. | :38:21. | |
governance in its lifetime, ensuring the regulation of the BBC fully | :38:22. | :38:26. | |
passes to an external regulator in Ofcom, while governance being | :38:27. | :38:30. | |
transferred to a new unitary board with executive and nonexecutive | :38:31. | :38:35. | |
directors. Now, my Lords, I oppose the establishment of the BBC Trust, | :38:36. | :38:41. | |
a fruitless venture as the noble Lord Lord Fowler called it. I | :38:42. | :38:44. | |
thought it was entirely wrong to set a better body that sought to be both | :38:45. | :38:49. | |
a flag waver for the BBC and a regulator of the BBC. These two | :38:50. | :38:55. | |
roles are incompatible and Sir David's proposal for an external | :38:56. | :38:59. | |
regulator and a unitary board resolves this conflict and I welcome | :39:00. | :39:04. | |
them. However, like others who have already spoken, I do not believe the | :39:05. | :39:09. | |
independence of the BBC will be achieved if the nonexecutive members | :39:10. | :39:15. | |
of the proposed board our government appointees. The Secretary of State | :39:16. | :39:19. | |
of the CMS said recently that he didn't think the government | :39:20. | :39:22. | |
appointment of BBC non-executives to the board would undermine | :39:23. | :39:25. | |
independence, and pointed out that all 12 of the current members of the | :39:26. | :39:29. | |
BBC Trust were appointed by government. Us DCMS. I think is | :39:30. | :39:35. | |
wrong. The current trust is far less powerful than the proposed unitary | :39:36. | :39:39. | |
board which will set the BBC's editorial direction, make key | :39:40. | :39:43. | |
decisions on programmes and even have a say on how the BBC manages | :39:44. | :39:51. | |
news. Given these important powers to government appointees will | :39:52. | :39:54. | |
understandably lead to accusations that we are creating a state | :39:55. | :39:58. | |
broadcaster and not a public service broadcaster. And a bizarre situation | :39:59. | :40:04. | |
could arise where decisions around how the BBC is reporting government | :40:05. | :40:09. | |
policy, or the action of ministers, is being decided by people appointed | :40:10. | :40:16. | |
by the same government, by the same minister, that simply cannot be | :40:17. | :40:20. | |
acceptable. Channel 4 has a similar board to the one proposed to the BBC | :40:21. | :40:24. | |
and its nonexecutive is our appointed by Ofcom and not by the | :40:25. | :40:29. | |
government. I believe the BBC non-executives should also be | :40:30. | :40:33. | |
appointed by an independent body, whether by Ofcom, or some other | :40:34. | :40:38. | |
independent group. But my Lords, while the report best you'd | :40:39. | :40:41. | |
governance, it has had a great deal to say about the scale and scope of | :40:42. | :40:44. | |
the BBC. There has been much talk about the BBC becoming a market | :40:45. | :40:50. | |
failure only broadcaster, filling the gaps left by other broadcasters. | :40:51. | :40:56. | |
And of the BBC becoming significantly more distinctive. Now, | :40:57. | :41:00. | |
I hope that in their deliberations on this issue the Government will | :41:01. | :41:05. | |
not be influenced by the recent report on the BBC's report and use | :41:06. | :41:13. | |
it to justify going down this particular route because I believe | :41:14. | :41:18. | |
that the report is Ford, framing contrary to all the evidence such as | :41:19. | :41:22. | |
Ofcom tracking data, that BBC One has become less distinctive. But the | :41:23. | :41:28. | |
report also ignores wider public values and why the economic -- wider | :41:29. | :41:35. | |
economic benefits to UK POC. The report looked at what revenue | :41:36. | :41:37. | |
benefits there would be to commercial broadcasting competitors | :41:38. | :41:42. | |
of making the BBC less popular. The revenue benefits that they came up | :41:43. | :41:48. | |
with would be small. ?155 million that they quote which is just one | :41:49. | :41:56. | |
quarter of last year's increase in TV advertising revenues and just a | :41:57. | :42:03. | |
of ITV's pre-tax profits following this route, according to research | :42:04. | :42:08. | |
done by Reuters, PWC and endless analysis, or show that it would have | :42:09. | :42:13. | |
a negative overall impact on the wider UK media sector, let alone for | :42:14. | :42:19. | |
UK plc, for a very small benefit to the BBC's direct competitors. I | :42:20. | :42:24. | |
entirely reject the market failure only approach, and I'm delighted the | :42:25. | :42:28. | |
committee came to the same conclusion. They say, as we heard | :42:29. | :42:32. | |
from the noble Lord Lord Best, we have not heard a convincing case for | :42:33. | :42:35. | |
a significant reduction in the scale or scope of the BBC, and the report | :42:36. | :42:41. | |
concludes that the BBC should not be restricted to remedying apps which | :42:42. | :42:47. | |
the market does not provide, the BBC must continue to be a universal | :42:48. | :42:51. | |
broadcaster providing content which does not simply inform and educate, | :42:52. | :42:58. | |
but also entertains. And in terms of inform, educate and entertain, I | :42:59. | :43:04. | |
entirely support the committee's view is that they should be the | :43:05. | :43:10. | |
basis of the BBC's mission and given greater progress Willey prominence. | :43:11. | :43:12. | |
If this scale and scope of the BBC is to be maintained it needs to | :43:13. | :43:16. | |
receive the appropriate income to achieve it, that means there should | :43:17. | :43:20. | |
be no further top slicing of the BBC's licence fee income and no | :43:21. | :43:25. | |
additional constraints to the BBC's commercial activities. During the | :43:26. | :43:31. | |
Coalition Government I strongly oppose the Conservative proposals to | :43:32. | :43:34. | |
take money from the licence fee to fund free TV licences from the | :43:35. | :43:39. | |
over-75s. I argued that government policies should be funded by the | :43:40. | :43:44. | |
government. I was pleased my Right Honourable friend Nick Clegg vetoed | :43:45. | :43:47. | |
the proposals and it didn't take place. So I'm extremely disappointed | :43:48. | :43:51. | |
that the current government has now gone ahead to the detriment of the | :43:52. | :43:59. | |
BBC. And proposals for further top slicing, or new contestable funding, | :44:00. | :44:03. | |
I believe should be rejected. Such proposals would mean less money for | :44:04. | :44:07. | |
the BBC to spend on its services, create additional bureaucracy and | :44:08. | :44:11. | |
transaction costs, it would risk transferring resources away from | :44:12. | :44:14. | |
advertising free services, and from programmes guaranteed to have high | :44:15. | :44:20. | |
reach and impact. It would run the risk of poor quality programming. My | :44:21. | :44:27. | |
Lords, two thirds of BBC content spend is already contested and that | :44:28. | :44:31. | |
figure is set to increase. There is, therefore, no case for a separate | :44:32. | :44:37. | |
contestable top slice fund from the licence fee, nor is there any case | :44:38. | :44:43. | |
for requiring the BBC to sell off either BBC worldwide or the BBC's | :44:44. | :44:48. | |
stake in UK TV. Both would deprive licence fee payers of the financial | :44:49. | :44:53. | |
and other benefits they currently receive, including funding for high | :44:54. | :44:59. | |
quality programming. My Lords, the BBC is undoubtedly the best | :45:00. | :45:03. | |
broadcaster in the world. And I hope in their Charter negotiations the | :45:04. | :45:08. | |
Government will do nothing to damage that reputation. Heeding the | :45:09. | :45:10. | |
recommendations of the excellent Select Committee report should form | :45:11. | :45:15. | |
an important component of their deliberations, so that we do achieve | :45:16. | :45:26. | |
Reith and not revolution. I speak as a member of the Select Committee | :45:27. | :45:29. | |
that produced this report and must declare an interest as co-chair of | :45:30. | :45:36. | |
the multi-faith standing conference of the BBC on religion and ethics. | :45:37. | :45:43. | |
But also related to that work I do want to speak about the place of | :45:44. | :45:48. | |
faith in public service broadcasting, and indeed speak for | :45:49. | :45:52. | |
all the faith communities in these islands. | :45:53. | :45:56. | |
It has been said that if a mission statement is more than two or three | :45:57. | :46:07. | |
words long, it either means the organisation doesn't really know its | :46:08. | :46:13. | |
purpose or even if it does, no one else will. Let me give you a fewer | :46:14. | :46:21. | |
examples. Girl power, flower power, new Labour, the Big Society, I won't | :46:22. | :46:29. | |
go on. Consequently, a mission statement, if it is to work has to | :46:30. | :46:37. | |
be pithy and memorable. And Lord Reith's inform, educate and | :46:38. | :46:43. | |
entertain does the job and has done the job effectively for a long time. | :46:44. | :46:49. | |
Everyone knows it. And when the last charter renewal purpose landed the | :46:50. | :46:58. | |
BBC with six very wordy and very worth the public purposes, it wasn't | :46:59. | :47:04. | |
doing them a favour. As we, the committee, took evidence on these | :47:05. | :47:09. | |
six public purposes, it was clear that people who came to talk about | :47:10. | :47:14. | |
them didn't really know them very well themselves. I noticed that each | :47:15. | :47:19. | |
person came with their crib sheet to remind themselves of what these | :47:20. | :47:23. | |
purposes were about. They had clearly failed the memorability | :47:24. | :47:31. | |
test. I also noted that these new purposes, while in some senses in | :47:32. | :47:37. | |
possible to disagree with, the word entertain, which is surely a first | :47:38. | :47:43. | |
base requirement for someone actually paying the license fee, | :47:44. | :47:49. | |
didn't appear at all. Hence, the title of our report, Reith Not | :47:50. | :47:57. | |
Revolution. As we look forward to the forthcoming Charter renewal, it | :47:58. | :48:02. | |
is our strong view that the BBC should regroup around this historic | :48:03. | :48:10. | |
vocation. I think we do also want to say that it is good for the BBC to | :48:11. | :48:17. | |
be entertaining. And we do not want public service broadcasting | :48:18. | :48:22. | |
relegated to just those bits of the output that free-market won't | :48:23. | :48:28. | |
deliver. We are, in this country, and rightly proud of the BBC and its | :48:29. | :48:34. | |
place in our national life. It's wider mission through the world | :48:35. | :48:39. | |
Service and its key contribution as part of a vibrant, mixed economy of | :48:40. | :48:46. | |
broadcasting in this country, one that is the envy of many other | :48:47. | :48:51. | |
countries in the world. But we're not without criticism. To those | :48:52. | :48:58. | |
three words which so admirably sum up the whole point of public service | :48:59. | :49:03. | |
broadcasting, we are tentatively adding a fourth. Lord Best has | :49:04. | :49:10. | |
already mentioned it, reflect. And it is to this recommendation that I | :49:11. | :49:13. | |
would like to speak and will limit what I say. Just as the BBC is | :49:14. | :49:22. | |
called to educate, inform and entertain the nation, surely it must | :49:23. | :49:30. | |
reflect the nation as well. And this reflection must be more than merely | :49:31. | :49:37. | |
regional. It is not just about sprinkling the airwaves with | :49:38. | :49:42. | |
Yorkshire, Scouse, Essex or Scottish accents. The UK is still a family of | :49:43. | :49:52. | |
nations and within that a network of regions each with its own culture | :49:53. | :49:57. | |
and identity, but 21st-century Britain is also a network of | :49:58. | :50:05. | |
communities. And many of these communities find their identity in | :50:06. | :50:13. | |
ethnic origin and religious faith, much more than geographic location. | :50:14. | :50:19. | |
This is certainly the case in the East End of London where I serve as | :50:20. | :50:26. | |
a bishop, one of the most multicultural and multi-faith places | :50:27. | :50:33. | |
in the whole of Europe. And having returned yesterday from the 16th | :50:34. | :50:38. | |
meeting of the worldwide Anglican consultative Council where we | :50:39. | :50:44. | |
discussed with Christians from all around the world what it means to be | :50:45. | :50:50. | |
Christian in a world of greatest diversity and great difference, we | :50:51. | :50:56. | |
should also remember that multi-faith and multiculturalism in | :50:57. | :51:01. | |
Britain today also means significant Christian communities from around | :51:02. | :51:05. | |
the world practising their faith here as well as the presence of | :51:06. | :51:13. | |
other faith communities. Going forward, the BBC needs to work | :51:14. | :51:21. | |
harder at being better at reflecting this new multiracial and multi-faith | :51:22. | :51:27. | |
place of Britain. -- face of Britain. In particular, broadcasting | :51:28. | :51:33. | |
needs to be given a much higher priority in educating, informing | :51:34. | :51:42. | |
and, yes, entertaining us with the beauty and challenges of this | :51:43. | :51:49. | |
diversity. However, across the public service broadcasting sector, | :51:50. | :51:53. | |
religious broadcasting has been in decline for quite a long while. | :51:54. | :51:58. | |
Contrary to the assumptions of a largely secular media, religion is | :51:59. | :52:04. | |
not a Private matter, a sort of add-on to the rest of life for | :52:05. | :52:09. | |
people who like that sort of thing. Faith is not a leisure activity. | :52:10. | :52:15. | |
Rather, for those of us who live by faith, religious belief is essential | :52:16. | :52:26. | |
and formation all. A prime motivator of both individuals and communities | :52:27. | :52:30. | |
shaping their world view and inspiring and informing their | :52:31. | :52:36. | |
political, economic, ethical and social behaviour. Our whole nation | :52:37. | :52:43. | |
needs to wake up to this. And if the BBC is to be the broadcaster of the | :52:44. | :52:48. | |
nation and reflect our national life, then it must do, too. This | :52:49. | :52:55. | |
being so, it is hard to comprehend why the BBC has never appointed a | :52:56. | :53:01. | |
religion editor in the same way that it has an editor, an interpreter for | :53:02. | :53:06. | |
business, economics, politics, the arts, sports, etc. In July 2015, | :53:07. | :53:12. | |
Ofcom were voicing similar misgivings, their third review of | :53:13. | :53:19. | |
public service broadcasting identified religious broadcasting as | :53:20. | :53:25. | |
an area of immediate concern. Now, the BBC is still the dominant | :53:26. | :53:30. | |
provider of religious programmes and many of these are excellent and for | :53:31. | :53:34. | |
this I give thanks, but it remains the case that the BBC downgraded the | :53:35. | :53:42. | |
post of head of religion in January 2015 so that the post holder no | :53:43. | :53:46. | |
longer has authority to commission programmes. Commissioning is where | :53:47. | :53:55. | |
the power really lies. And this now sits with non-subject specialists in | :53:56. | :54:02. | |
multi-genre commissioning, a team of history, science, business and | :54:03. | :54:08. | |
religion. This makes strategic decisions about commissioning almost | :54:09. | :54:12. | |
impossible to make and limit the BBC's ability to fulfil its mission. | :54:13. | :54:22. | |
My Lords, at a time when it is nigh on impossible to understand the | :54:23. | :54:30. | |
world and understand what is going on in the world, and understand how | :54:31. | :54:35. | |
best to find solutions for the world so that we can live in peace, it is | :54:36. | :54:41. | |
impossible to do this without an understanding of religion. Those who | :54:42. | :54:48. | |
care about our democracy, as well as those who care about faith, need to | :54:49. | :54:55. | |
press the BBC to answer this question, who has overall | :54:56. | :55:01. | |
responsibility for the range, quantity and quality of religious | :55:02. | :55:09. | |
programming? Since our report, also voices concerns about the downward | :55:10. | :55:14. | |
trend in spending on current affairs, it is not difficult to see | :55:15. | :55:21. | |
how the BBC needs to strengthen its commitment to these areas of | :55:22. | :55:26. | |
broadcasting. Hence the expectation in our report that the BBC maintains | :55:27. | :55:33. | |
its commitment to religious broadcasting, increases its | :55:34. | :55:35. | |
commitments to current affairs and to the arts, and my personal hope, | :55:36. | :55:40. | |
that this is improved upon and the following recommendation, that the | :55:41. | :55:46. | |
BBC as the recipient of the universal licence fee needs its duty | :55:47. | :55:51. | |
to serve all the diverse communities of the UK and that this obligation | :55:52. | :55:59. | |
should be incorporated into any future accountability framework. My | :56:00. | :56:11. | |
Lords, I have the very great pressure to serve on the select them | :56:12. | :56:17. | |
committee on Communications and the distinguished chairmanship of the | :56:18. | :56:21. | |
noble lord Lord Best and I also pay tribute to our assistance and clerks | :56:22. | :56:25. | |
and special adviser to whom he referred. The BBC played a very | :56:26. | :56:37. | |
important part in my life, my childhood and after that. And so I | :56:38. | :56:40. | |
must declare that interest straightaway. Each day at 5pm while | :56:41. | :56:48. | |
I had my tea, I listened to Children's Hour. The Reithian | :56:49. | :56:56. | |
principles of inform, educate and entertain work, so it turned out, to | :56:57. | :57:00. | |
be a bedrock of my formative years. My favourite was Toytown, Larry Lamb | :57:01. | :57:10. | |
and Dennis the- town. I immediately identified with Larry the land, | :57:11. | :57:18. | |
being a shy, mild-mannered child. I did not realise until later in my | :57:19. | :57:24. | |
life that there are so many of these in the world, and even as I | :57:25. | :57:28. | |
discovered, one or two in your Lordships House. I also identified | :57:29. | :57:34. | |
with Norman Henry Bones the boy detectives. I had cousins who were | :57:35. | :57:40. | |
very similar who were Norman and Peter who often looked after me | :57:41. | :57:45. | |
used to let me out of the air raid shelter to see searchlights | :57:46. | :57:51. | |
illuminate the sky and then to listen out for the drone of German | :57:52. | :57:55. | |
bombers on their way to raid the docks at Ipswich. With one strayed, | :57:56. | :58:02. | |
demolishing a House only three or four houses away. I will always | :58:03. | :58:06. | |
remember my cousins wise advice, do not tell your mother, which came in | :58:07. | :58:13. | |
handy in the years to come. On another occasion, one afternoon in | :58:14. | :58:18. | |
the garden I noticed the sky full of planes turning gliders, it seemed | :58:19. | :58:25. | |
ages before they passed and no one could tell me what they were. Later, | :58:26. | :58:31. | |
however, we heard on the news that the gliders had landed at an arm as | :58:32. | :58:38. | |
part of operation market Garden. The BBC's news was an important part of | :58:39. | :58:43. | |
our day. My father was a soldier overseas in North Africa, Italy and | :58:44. | :58:47. | |
then Europe, building bridges. We did not hear from him very often but | :58:48. | :58:53. | |
the BBC will correspondence wove a narrative into which my imagination | :58:54. | :58:59. | |
inserted my father, Winfred Lord Thomas, and others were household | :59:00. | :59:05. | |
names with their brilliant word pictures as the wall progressed from | :59:06. | :59:12. | |
depression to jubilation, and the theme music for plays and serials | :59:13. | :59:21. | |
remains with me. They introduced each part of Ballet Shoes one of the | :59:22. | :59:33. | |
superb serialised books. Who can forget the introductory music to | :59:34. | :59:38. | |
Dick Barton's special agents? The BBC entertained us and at ten past | :59:39. | :59:50. | |
one on Saturday, we laughed, and on Sunday, we were introduced to | :59:51. | :59:54. | |
different communities. As they grow older, the importance of the BBC did | :59:55. | :59:59. | |
not diminish. All children must stare at the night sky and wonder at | :00:00. | :00:04. | |
its enormity, I certainly did, and the programme Journey Into Space | :00:05. | :00:10. | |
promoted that wonder and stimulator to my imagination. Laughter has | :00:11. | :00:15. | |
always been of great importance. I think it brings wisdom and good | :00:16. | :00:19. | |
health and well-being. Laughter and the absurd is part of the groove | :00:20. | :00:25. | |
binding us together and the feature of a civilised society. The Goon | :00:26. | :00:36. | |
show and Hancock 's half hour work related examples of great | :00:37. | :00:41. | |
performances, and that tradition has continued. The sad death yesterday | :00:42. | :00:45. | |
of Victoria Wood is a reminder of a tradition which includes the likely | :00:46. | :00:50. | |
lads, Fawlty Towers and many others. Your Lordships, will have your own | :00:51. | :00:58. | |
favourites. The sheer brilliance of performers, producers and | :00:59. | :01:02. | |
programmers at the BBC has brought entertainment, education and | :01:03. | :01:06. | |
information to me in my lifetime and as we listened to the evidence in | :01:07. | :01:10. | |
committee, I reflected on how fortunate I had | :01:11. | :01:11. | |
been to live through times of enormous technological change such | :01:12. | :01:19. | |
as colour TV, HDE, free view, I and so one. But where the skills of | :01:20. | :01:26. | |
programming had maintained a very high level. Today, the quality and | :01:27. | :01:35. | |
creativity have never been higher. The ability to market programmes | :01:36. | :01:41. | |
such as these are worldwide provides an essential stream of income for | :01:42. | :01:46. | |
the BBC and North 's not be tossed back must not be harmed or | :01:47. | :01:50. | |
diminished. Wherever I go around the world I hear accolades of the BBC. I | :01:51. | :01:58. | |
do not think we appreciate how significant this power is. There | :01:59. | :02:03. | |
were many criticism, of course, and we met a focus group of young | :02:04. | :02:07. | |
people, some of whom told us they thought the BBC did not represent | :02:08. | :02:11. | |
minorities and they did not see their own lives reflected on the | :02:12. | :02:16. | |
screen. Lord Hall for the BBC replied he was seeking to make a | :02:17. | :02:22. | |
real difference on the any representation both on screen and | :02:23. | :02:29. | |
behind it. We expect the BBC to honour its commitment and encourage | :02:30. | :02:33. | |
regional development. We were impressed by Salford quays, and | :02:34. | :02:39. | |
Birmingham and Cardiff. The BBC has become less London centric and this | :02:40. | :02:46. | |
must continue. We did not believe the BBC should be restricted to | :02:47. | :02:52. | |
remedying gaps for which the market does not provide, and on the | :02:53. | :02:57. | |
contrary concluded the BBC must continue to be a universal | :02:58. | :03:02. | |
broadcaster providing content, that also entertains. | :03:03. | :03:06. | |
We have no evidence to support the claim that the BBC crowded out | :03:07. | :03:12. | |
commercial competition. On the contrary we received evidence of the | :03:13. | :03:17. | |
positive benefits of the wider discovering of developing of talent | :03:18. | :03:24. | |
and the encouragement of training. We were not persuaded the BBC should | :03:25. | :03:29. | |
reduce the scale or scope of its operations either in the United | :03:30. | :03:34. | |
Kingdom or overseas. Others have described recommendations on the | :03:35. | :03:38. | |
licence fee and Charter period with which I totally agree. My Lords, I | :03:39. | :03:46. | |
end as I began. The BBC has played an important part in my life and it | :03:47. | :03:53. | |
continues to do so. I was once a part-time sheep farmer and each day | :03:54. | :04:00. | |
I begin by listening to Farming Today and having Spencer May my time | :04:01. | :04:04. | |
here today in your lordship's house I end with today in Parliament, | :04:05. | :04:09. | |
sometimes enraged, sometimes entertained but always a little more | :04:10. | :04:16. | |
educated and informed. The BBC, one of our greatest assets, nothing | :04:17. | :04:22. | |
should be done to harm it. I declare an interest as a producer | :04:23. | :04:27. | |
and director in BBC television and I'm very grateful for the kind words | :04:28. | :04:31. | |
that have been said about the content that my colleagues produce, | :04:32. | :04:36. | |
we do indeed try and informed, educate and entertain. And like to | :04:37. | :04:42. | |
congratulate the report stressing the importance of the BBC as an | :04:43. | :04:46. | |
independent, well funded public service broadcaster. I'm pleased | :04:47. | :04:49. | |
with the emphasis given in chapter two to the importance of strong, | :04:50. | :04:54. | |
independent regulator for the BBC, and I too understand why the report | :04:55. | :04:58. | |
didn't look at governance. But I like the noble Lords Lord Puttnam, | :04:59. | :05:06. | |
Lord Foster and Lord Fowler and concerned at about the assumption in | :05:07. | :05:11. | |
paragraph of the report about the statutory governments of the | :05:12. | :05:13. | |
Corporation being this place. The White Paper, I understand, is | :05:14. | :05:19. | |
proposing to set up a unitary board combining the present BBC executive | :05:20. | :05:24. | |
board and BBC Trust regulated by Ofcom. What seems to be very | :05:25. | :05:28. | |
important which is what the noble Lord, Lord Foster explained, was | :05:29. | :05:31. | |
this unitary board will be more powerful than the Trust, so much | :05:32. | :05:35. | |
more powerful than the Trust, it will control the BBC's strategy, and | :05:36. | :05:43. | |
editorial guidance, and day-to-day broadcast of the BBC, drafting and | :05:44. | :05:46. | |
approving editorial guidelines, maintaining editorial standards and | :05:47. | :05:51. | |
editorial complaints unless they are appealed to Ofcom. The Trust has | :05:52. | :05:55. | |
nowhere near such editorial influence. As a result the board of | :05:56. | :06:00. | |
this body has got to be absolutely independent. So it can be accused to | :06:01. | :06:08. | |
being subjected to political interference or pressure. I fear | :06:09. | :06:12. | |
that this independence will not be safeguarded. I too was disappointed | :06:13. | :06:19. | |
by Sir David Clementi's reports suggesting the chairman, | :06:20. | :06:20. | |
vice-chairman and four nonexecutive directors should be appointed by the | :06:21. | :06:29. | |
DCMS. And when I read in the Sunday Times the Culture Secretary saying | :06:30. | :06:33. | |
ten of the 13 members of the unitary board should be appointed by the | :06:34. | :06:36. | |
Government with only three members from the BBC, my concern about the | :06:37. | :06:41. | |
adverse affect about the independence of the BBC was | :06:42. | :06:45. | |
compounded by fears voiced by Sir David Norrington who retired as | :06:46. | :06:47. | |
Commissioner for Public appointments earlier this month. He told the | :06:48. | :06:51. | |
Financial Times this month that without the check and balance of the | :06:52. | :06:55. | |
Liberal Democrats in government, there was a feeling by the present | :06:56. | :06:58. | |
government that if you want to get things done you need to have people | :06:59. | :07:05. | |
who supervises in key roles. He followed this up in his evidence to | :07:06. | :07:08. | |
the public administration committee in he expressed concern following | :07:09. | :07:13. | |
the Government's response to the report, that there is a threat of | :07:14. | :07:17. | |
increased ministerial interference in the selection of public | :07:18. | :07:21. | |
appointments. He said the appointment of the last BBC Trust | :07:22. | :07:26. | |
chair had been well won and was free of ministerial interference. | :07:27. | :07:29. | |
However, he warned that having seen the Government's response to the | :07:30. | :07:33. | |
composer was, such a hands off approach might not be possible in | :07:34. | :07:39. | |
the future. I support Lord Foster and Lord Puttnam's suggestions that | :07:40. | :07:43. | |
they should be an independent body that will appoint the board members. | :07:44. | :07:49. | |
If we fail to do that your Lordships only have to look at the political | :07:50. | :07:52. | |
interference with the appointments of a sickie tips in public service | :07:53. | :07:55. | |
broadcasters that takes place in many partner countries in the EU. | :07:56. | :08:01. | |
Many are appointed director by the government and change when the | :08:02. | :08:04. | |
government changes, or individual channels are controlled by separate | :08:05. | :08:09. | |
parties. These have an influence on the political alliance of the | :08:10. | :08:14. | |
station and means they are not impartial which I'm sure your | :08:15. | :08:18. | |
Lordships would not want to happen. I've got an e-mail this morning from | :08:19. | :08:23. | |
the wife of an opposition leader in Poland, who explained what was | :08:24. | :08:26. | |
happening with the Polish broadcasters. Of course, this is not | :08:27. | :08:30. | |
relevant to what our government proposes but it is a warning of how | :08:31. | :08:34. | |
extremely fragile the independence of public service broadcasters is. | :08:35. | :08:38. | |
The e-mail goes: the Polish government has dismissed the | :08:39. | :08:41. | |
independent board which are supposed to supervise state TV, fired all of | :08:42. | :08:46. | |
the heads of radio and TV, appointed new ones, all such appointments will | :08:47. | :08:50. | |
now be made directly by government ministers and drastically alter the | :08:51. | :08:55. | |
nature of programming. As a result over 100 journalists have been fired | :08:56. | :09:01. | |
or resigned. The result, the meanest style pro-ruling party propaganda of | :09:02. | :09:05. | |
a kind we have not seen in Poland since 1989. Of course, this is not | :09:06. | :09:10. | |
what is going to happen here, but I would urge your Lordships to be | :09:11. | :09:20. | |
aware of what a precious thing is the independence of the BBC. As a | :09:21. | :09:26. | |
former editor at Newsnight I know first-hand what they will do to | :09:27. | :09:30. | |
ensure that their view of the world is projected on the BBC. In my | :09:31. | :09:35. | |
experience this relates to all governments of all political | :09:36. | :09:37. | |
persuasions and I fear that we live in a world in which many people | :09:38. | :09:41. | |
think if you are not with them you must be against them. The BBC and | :09:42. | :09:44. | |
other broadcasters are mandated to be impartial but it's crucial that | :09:45. | :09:48. | |
everything is done to defend that position. This reporter said | :09:49. | :09:55. | |
impartiality is at the core of the BBC. I hope that the minister in | :09:56. | :10:00. | |
preparing for the White Paper will listen very hard to the massive | :10:01. | :10:04. | |
public response to the BBC public trust consultation, in which the | :10:05. | :10:07. | |
people of this country overwhelmingly said they wanted it | :10:08. | :10:10. | |
to be independent and free from political interference. I asked the | :10:11. | :10:15. | |
noble lady what will be done in the White Paper to ensure this happens | :10:16. | :10:19. | |
with the appointments to the new unitary board. | :10:20. | :10:27. | |
My Lords, I too wish to congratulate the Select Committee communications | :10:28. | :10:30. | |
under its excellent share Lord Best, having delivered an exemplary | :10:31. | :10:34. | |
report, both focused in scope and wise in its conclusions, and I | :10:35. | :10:39. | |
concur with much of what has already been said in its favour and support | :10:40. | :10:46. | |
that. It is to be commended to all parliamentarians, especially those | :10:47. | :10:54. | |
eager to see the BBC sold off, or simply shackled. The public, as a | :10:55. | :10:57. | |
recent poll indicated, is not with them. The BBC remains are loved and | :10:58. | :11:03. | |
admired institution by the great majority of those who own it, by | :11:04. | :11:07. | |
which I mean the licence payers of this country. To act in defiance of | :11:08. | :11:13. | |
the expressed opinions would be to damaged one of our national | :11:14. | :11:18. | |
institutions to gratify the self interests of the commercial radio | :11:19. | :11:22. | |
and television Enterprises. My Lords, when I interviewed Lord Reith | :11:23. | :11:30. | |
in this house back in 1970 he was very disapproving of television. He | :11:31. | :11:37. | |
deplored the fact they broadcast Jazz, which he regarded as the music | :11:38. | :11:44. | |
of the devil. He had a distinct preference for educational | :11:45. | :11:46. | |
programmes, those that instilled rigorous Christian principles and | :11:47. | :11:51. | |
behaviour. But of course, he was then a man at the end of his life, | :11:52. | :11:55. | |
to some extent disappointed with that life and embittered about what | :11:56. | :12:01. | |
he had seen happen to broadcasting. But I'm still sure that the younger | :12:02. | :12:05. | |
Reith, that vigorous young man, who pressed ahead with the exploring of | :12:06. | :12:11. | |
television's possibilities in the 1930s in order to be ahead of the | :12:12. | :12:15. | |
Americans, as he said, that he was the defy of government interference, | :12:16. | :12:23. | |
turning away Churchill's emissaries at the time of the national strike. | :12:24. | :12:27. | |
He would be proud of the leading role the BBC plays in sustaining | :12:28. | :12:32. | |
standards in promoting British interests and influence around the | :12:33. | :12:37. | |
globe, and in not having commercial breaks. Lord Reith managed to sum up | :12:38. | :12:45. | |
as we have heard the purpose of the BBC in just one phrase. It can | :12:46. | :12:53. | |
scarcely be better to inform, educate and entertain. Terse, as my | :12:54. | :12:57. | |
Lord Bishop has said, and exact. I did not think it could be improved. | :12:58. | :13:03. | |
However, the suggestion the phrase, and to reflect, by a single word | :13:04. | :13:07. | |
encompasses and enlarges the remit of the BBC, appropriate to the | :13:08. | :13:15. | |
Times, is to be commended. The committee's recommendations covered | :13:16. | :13:20. | |
much but I would just speak to two of them. Having worked within the | :13:21. | :13:24. | |
BBC throughout numerous licence renewal occasions, I know that the | :13:25. | :13:30. | |
prospect throws BBC management into a distracted frenzy of concern. | :13:31. | :13:35. | |
Licence renewal casts a long shadow, distorting the focus and | :13:36. | :13:41. | |
concentration of its managers, heads of Department, channel controllers, | :13:42. | :13:49. | |
and even programme makers. It is an ordeal that lasts years, and when | :13:50. | :13:53. | |
the licence is finally renewed, everyone sits back sighing with | :13:54. | :13:56. | |
relief that the negotiations have gone away for, well, for how long? | :13:57. | :14:07. | |
For a good few years. My Lord, this frenzy is even worse around the time | :14:08. | :14:10. | |
of elections, whether elections are coming up, whether they are just | :14:11. | :14:16. | |
over. Both leading parties, indeed all parties, blame the BBC for the | :14:17. | :14:21. | |
supposed broadcasting bias that robbed them of victory, or even | :14:22. | :14:28. | |
greater success. They can't all be right, but it is a matter of blaming | :14:29. | :14:33. | |
the messenger. And it makes for a climate of resentment and revenge | :14:34. | :14:40. | |
that is no mood in which to address serious and thoughtful | :14:41. | :14:42. | |
considerations over the BBC's future. My Lords, for this reason, | :14:43. | :14:46. | |
for these reasons, I support the committee's recommendations that the | :14:47. | :14:50. | |
Charter only come up for renewal every ten years, and that it is on | :14:51. | :14:55. | |
coupled from that deadly electoral cycle. I think the recommendation is | :14:56. | :15:03. | |
sound and wise and it would allow for considering long-term planning | :15:04. | :15:09. | |
which in the global media world means precise marketing knowledge, | :15:10. | :15:12. | |
and a sense of the rhythm of change to which this industry is subject. | :15:13. | :15:17. | |
The second concern of the committee which I wish to address is this | :15:18. | :15:24. | |
matter of scale and scope. There have been suggestions, mainly from | :15:25. | :15:28. | |
other broadcasting bodies, that the BBC should be limited within its | :15:29. | :15:32. | |
scope, possibly confining itself to the news and current affairs, Sirius | :15:33. | :15:39. | |
documentaries, education, all areas of broadcasting which attract low | :15:40. | :15:44. | |
viewing figures. And therefore they are not prise pickings for | :15:45. | :15:47. | |
commercial companies. This is clearly a pitched to cut the BBC | :15:48. | :15:55. | |
down to size. It would be disastrous for the BBC as a global player. It | :15:56. | :15:59. | |
is essential that its creative heart line is given scope to be inventive | :16:00. | :16:03. | |
across the whole area of human activity. That's where it's genius | :16:04. | :16:10. | |
lies. What other company would have backed a modest idea to encourage | :16:11. | :16:16. | |
people to bake cakes and see it grow into a global format? And once it | :16:17. | :16:22. | |
was successful would such a format be declared beyond the BBC's scope? | :16:23. | :16:28. | |
What happens now? The whole concept is flawed and unworkable. My Lords, | :16:29. | :16:38. | |
the BBC faces change and needs to change. The media landscape is | :16:39. | :16:40. | |
always shifting and it needs the backing of government and of the | :16:41. | :16:46. | |
industry to continue as the flagship of broadcasting it is known to be | :16:47. | :16:48. | |
worldwide. I have only been in your lordship's | :16:49. | :16:58. | |
has 452 years but are used to do media research and I am only hairy | :16:59. | :17:02. | |
Lee I think because of my grandfather. -- I am only here, | :17:03. | :17:04. | |
really. With recommendations as to the | :17:05. | :17:21. | |
conditions under which such services should be offered. Results, the | :17:22. | :17:29. | |
Selsdon report. I had never heard of that, because I wasn't sure why I | :17:30. | :17:36. | |
had a different name from my father. I did do media research quite | :17:37. | :17:39. | |
thoroughly over a period of time and at home we were only allowed to | :17:40. | :17:47. | |
listen to the BBC. In fact, everyone else was bound, including in the | :17:48. | :17:53. | |
early days of television. It was in May 1934 that the government first | :17:54. | :17:57. | |
appointed a committee under the guidance of my grandfather to begin | :17:58. | :18:01. | |
enquiries into the viability of setting up a public television | :18:02. | :18:05. | |
service with recommendations as to the conditions under which the | :18:06. | :18:10. | |
service should be offered. My Lords, I have a tremendous affection for | :18:11. | :18:15. | |
the BBC. I cannot help it. In the days when I did media research, we | :18:16. | :18:21. | |
tended to be influenced ourselves mainly by characters. My Lords, here | :18:22. | :18:25. | |
in your lordship's House, we have a remarkable depth of knowledge and | :18:26. | :18:29. | |
experience but we don't necessarily know each other. There was, and | :18:30. | :18:37. | |
there still is, a BBC advisory Council which goes on and on but the | :18:38. | :18:45. | |
BBC is a global institution, it is not a British institution. If you | :18:46. | :18:50. | |
have been in parts of Africa where in order to encourage local | :18:51. | :18:53. | |
communities to come operate in mind mining or things like that, you hand | :18:54. | :18:59. | |
out the radio to work or they may listen to the BBC, you realise the | :19:00. | :19:04. | |
extent of its coverage and the respect in which it is held. What it | :19:05. | :19:11. | |
does is another matter. With television, it is a fairly fickle | :19:12. | :19:22. | |
and -- difficult matter. We don't have necessarily the media research | :19:23. | :19:26. | |
and depth of marketing that one would expect on a global basis. I do | :19:27. | :19:32. | |
not see why there should not be a special relationship with every | :19:33. | :19:35. | |
Commonwealth country to be able to broadcast programmes daily and | :19:36. | :19:40. | |
constantly write a way around the world, the technology is all ready | :19:41. | :19:45. | |
there and the expertise remains. My Lords, I would like to make a simple | :19:46. | :19:51. | |
suggestion, we need to have a programme, a business plan that we | :19:52. | :19:56. | |
will look at the BBC. I know I am hearing entirely because of my | :19:57. | :20:00. | |
grandfather, I know that I was never allowed to listen to any programme | :20:01. | :20:06. | |
that was not BBC. They couldn't, however, teach me languages. I was | :20:07. | :20:12. | |
sent off to various countries. With that type of respect, I find myself | :20:13. | :20:17. | |
unable to be of much assistance to your Lordships today. However, what | :20:18. | :20:19. | |
I would like the government to give a little bit more attention | :20:20. | :20:28. | |
that in developing Britain British relationships, the BBC could play a | :20:29. | :20:33. | |
more important role than it does today, not least on television and | :20:34. | :20:36. | |
production and syndication of programmes right the way across the | :20:37. | :20:41. | |
world including its value in the learning of English. So waste it | :20:42. | :20:43. | |
down and say thank you to your Lordships will come in here today. I | :20:44. | :20:50. | |
am so surprised that I find out more about myself than I deemed possible | :20:51. | :20:53. | |
and wondered why my grandfather had never told me anything about it and | :20:54. | :20:57. | |
why I was never allowed to watch television until they reached a | :20:58. | :21:02. | |
certain age. I wish the BBC well, I have a great affection for it and | :21:03. | :21:06. | |
that will remain with me until I die. First of all, may I | :21:07. | :21:11. | |
congratulate the noble lord Lord vessel securing this debate at a | :21:12. | :21:18. | |
particularly timely moment. -- Lord best. There is so much I agree with, | :21:19. | :21:27. | |
but if I were to talk about it I would just take, take. In this | :21:28. | :21:34. | |
debate I hope there is room to proceed, to see the BBC not so much | :21:35. | :21:38. | |
through the prism of the review, though that has been mother sleep | :21:39. | :21:44. | |
addressed by previous speakers in detail -- marvellously. But from the | :21:45. | :21:53. | |
general point of view of someone who works with it, as I do, he began his | :21:54. | :21:59. | |
career there in 1961 as a trainee, who listened to the radio in the 40s | :22:00. | :22:07. | |
and in a sense was, if I may use the word, suckled by it and I believe it | :22:08. | :22:14. | |
is a unique force for excellence and cohesion in this country. Currently, | :22:15. | :22:18. | |
the BBC is on tremendous form. Its recent dramas and art pulling off | :22:19. | :22:32. | |
hype ratings and high praise. They have got three out of three so far | :22:33. | :22:37. | |
and it is only April. In the end, the BBC is the sum of its | :22:38. | :22:42. | |
programmes. Panorama row gram on the Panama set up boldly set up the | :22:43. | :22:48. | |
context for a continuing debate. Newsnight had the nerve to bite the | :22:49. | :22:52. | |
hand that feeds all could starve it and has wounded it already with its | :22:53. | :22:58. | |
pees on Mr Whittingdale. The news struggles with impartiality and | :22:59. | :23:08. | |
balancing some arguments that it is still walking the tightrope | :23:09. | :23:19. | |
admirably. Above the noise, there is the even beat of the five national | :23:20. | :23:23. | |
and many regional radio channels that perhaps more than any | :23:24. | :23:27. | |
productions, best represent the muscle, pulse and the mind of this | :23:28. | :23:32. | |
nation. Wherever there are debates on the BBC, as we mentioned, and I | :23:33. | :23:41. | |
have taken part in many dozen, always, there is a wholly convincing | :23:42. | :23:46. | |
majority for supporting BBBC. I see no demonstrations about the BBC in | :23:47. | :23:52. | |
our streets, where in our country there would be demonstrations about | :23:53. | :23:57. | |
the removal of a bus stop. It encourages a multitude of writers, | :23:58. | :24:03. | |
actors, producers, directors, talent in radio and television which is the | :24:04. | :24:07. | |
cornerstone of the cultural power that this country undoubtedly has at | :24:08. | :24:10. | |
the moment and no other country has it. It is comparatively inexpensive | :24:11. | :24:21. | |
and works magnificently and delivers for this country and is still | :24:22. | :24:25. | |
recognisably inside the discipline of Lord Reith. But we seem to exist | :24:26. | :24:30. | |
in an atmosphere of permanent crisis about the future of the BBC. From | :24:31. | :24:34. | |
the government and also from parts of the media as if it were a | :24:35. | :24:46. | |
patient. Most averse to not see what the fuss is about. -- most of us. | :24:47. | :24:57. | |
Some grievances need to be addressed, such as the Imperial | :24:58. | :25:01. | |
growth of the BBC disturbs the unsubsidised parts of our economy | :25:02. | :25:05. | |
and the BBC is right to be much more aware of it more than ever before. | :25:06. | :25:15. | |
The BBC is so fast in its output that it is not too difficult to pick | :25:16. | :25:22. | |
up or embellish stories, and ensure in certain knowledge that the | :25:23. | :25:27. | |
compelling letters BBC will draw readers attention to the content of | :25:28. | :25:34. | |
that story. It is at once a national treasure and a national dartboard, a | :25:35. | :25:38. | |
dual role. It is argued by some the BBC's fundamental similarity, or | :25:39. | :25:46. | |
peculiarity, is an affront to the prevailing capitalism of the day, | :25:47. | :25:54. | |
and in some ways it does interfere. All, it is a stimulator in | :25:55. | :25:57. | |
alternative, adding to the variety of this country, it's richness, | :25:58. | :26:00. | |
oppositional argument. It furthers the roles of others, | :26:01. | :26:20. | |
tempers and enriches with the competition of the BBC. This country | :26:21. | :26:28. | |
is and always has been, a place of tribes. Ethnically different, | :26:29. | :26:37. | |
culturally diverse. In Ireland -- Islands bounded by and bonded by the | :26:38. | :26:43. | |
seas. Many have tried and failed to reach out to all jostling, sometimes | :26:44. | :26:47. | |
rival groups, over the centuries and through democracy we have finally | :26:48. | :26:51. | |
arrived at April double though fragile method of inclusion. BBBC's | :26:52. | :26:58. | |
democratic inclusiveness is not only a strength, it is its purpose. We | :26:59. | :27:06. | |
want the best in our society and despite catcalls from the galleries, | :27:07. | :27:11. | |
several of our institutions try and can succeed in bringing together the | :27:12. | :27:17. | |
existing and new tribes. The BBC does what it does with style and | :27:18. | :27:22. | |
consistency and force, bringing together majorities and minorities | :27:23. | :27:27. | |
watching the same programmes or live events. Most of all, the BBC is a | :27:28. | :27:31. | |
statement of public service, that phrase has seen its meaning weakened | :27:32. | :27:36. | |
over the years. Pro bono publico has not gone away, | :27:37. | :27:54. | |
millions of people in this country is still alive to it, still working | :27:55. | :27:59. | |
by it, still believing that to work is one thing and to serve the public | :28:00. | :28:03. | |
is another and they needn't be separate. You could say that | :28:04. | :28:06. | |
especially today that we see the monarchy under Her Majesty Queen | :28:07. | :28:11. | |
Elizabeth II as a symbol of public service and the admiration, even | :28:12. | :28:17. | |
reference, is to do with the palpable sense of service to the | :28:18. | :28:20. | |
public. The BBC still remains despite its gas, being treated by | :28:21. | :28:25. | |
the government as it cash cow for social policies, a symbol this | :28:26. | :28:33. | |
country craves. People want to return to what they think of us | :28:34. | :28:37. | |
living properly. What Orwell called the decency of these people. Of | :28:38. | :28:45. | |
course, this includes us. We have to create wealth, make a living and | :28:46. | :28:49. | |
constructor complexes sired two bit wheels are needed in element of | :28:50. | :28:55. | |
something else, perhaps the word better might serve. | :28:56. | :29:03. | |
But is it unfettered by the demands of making and getting? Independent | :29:04. | :29:10. | |
and the name of all of us without which we would be so much poorer and | :29:11. | :29:14. | |
it would be so much less of a place. If it is chipped away as the BBC is | :29:15. | :29:18. | |
chipped away, as some people out there want it to be chipped away, we | :29:19. | :29:22. | |
will be much less and we will have lost what has been so strenuously | :29:23. | :29:25. | |
built-up, cherished and loved over many decades, that is something | :29:26. | :29:30. | |
unique something which Lord Best said at the beginning of this | :29:31. | :29:39. | |
debate, we can be, and are, proud. My Lords, like Olmo bull Lords who | :29:40. | :29:42. | |
have spoken so far in the debate, I congratulate Lord Best and his | :29:43. | :29:50. | |
committee -- like all noble Lords. On his excellent report. Continuing | :29:51. | :29:53. | |
uncertainty about the Government's plans is very harmful to the BBC and | :29:54. | :29:57. | |
to the public interest. The continual uncertainty at the | :29:58. | :30:03. | |
Government's dumping of the cost of free licensing for the over-75s on | :30:04. | :30:08. | |
the BBC rather than taxpayers have undermined morale within the BBC, as | :30:09. | :30:15. | |
well as public trust and confidence. The Dominant is likely to replace | :30:16. | :30:21. | |
the BBC Trust with a new unitary board as recommended by Sir David | :30:22. | :30:25. | |
Clementi. The new board will have executive functions relating to the | :30:26. | :30:29. | |
content of its broadcasts. That makes it essential that the chair, | :30:30. | :30:34. | |
deputy chair, and other members of the board are independent and | :30:35. | :30:42. | |
manifestly seem to be independent. It is essential they are | :30:43. | :30:44. | |
independently appointed without ministerial influence. Lord Hall has | :30:45. | :30:52. | |
rightly said that the BBC needs regulation that is effective but not | :30:53. | :30:57. | |
prescriptive. He's emphasised the importance of protecting the BBC's | :30:58. | :31:02. | |
independence, recalling that Willie Whitelaw gave the BBC a 15 year | :31:03. | :31:07. | |
Charter. The Government should follow that example for the next 11 | :31:08. | :31:15. | |
years. What we call a Royal Charter is really a ministerial Charter. | :31:16. | :31:21. | |
It's a Charter shaped by ministers using the prerogative powers | :31:22. | :31:24. | |
inherited from the Crown. We speak of Parliamentary sovereignty as the | :31:25. | :31:30. | |
cornerstone of the British constitution, but it is ministers | :31:31. | :31:33. | |
and not Parliament that determine the scope and effect of the Charter. | :31:34. | :31:39. | |
There are no overarching binding principles approved by parliament, | :31:40. | :31:44. | |
but ministers for the BBC must respect. As Lord Birt, former | :31:45. | :31:50. | |
director-general and television journalist said during the debate on | :31:51. | :31:56. | |
the 10th of March, a Royal Charter, far from being a powerful symbol and | :31:57. | :32:02. | |
safeguard of the BBC's independence, on the contrary, it enables | :32:03. | :32:09. | |
governments to be less countable van even medieval kings. To amend the | :32:10. | :32:12. | |
Charter through the Privy Council and to inflict unprincipled and | :32:13. | :32:19. | |
material change on the BBC. -- accountable than even. It is time to | :32:20. | :32:26. | |
place the BBC on a statutory footing. My Lords, Lord Fowler, on | :32:27. | :32:32. | |
whose most powerful speech I congratulate him, Lord Fowler and | :32:33. | :32:37. | |
Lord Inglewood, another former chair of the communications committee, | :32:38. | :32:44. | |
have suggested that the Charter is an anomaly that should be replaced | :32:45. | :32:50. | |
by legislation, much as Channel 4. But it is inconceivable, as the | :32:51. | :32:54. | |
Minister will confirm, that the present government would agree to | :32:55. | :33:01. | |
dispense with the Charter. In truth, the choice is not only a binary | :33:02. | :33:07. | |
choice between legislation and Charter, a statute could and should | :33:08. | :33:11. | |
set out the governing principles protecting the independence and | :33:12. | :33:15. | |
effectiveness of the BBC as public service broadcaster, and the core | :33:16. | :33:21. | |
duties of the BBC and of the Secretary of State. It should make | :33:22. | :33:25. | |
the Charter and Charter changes subject to approval by both Houses | :33:26. | :33:32. | |
of Parliament. In that way the BBC's independence would be protected | :33:33. | :33:36. | |
against political interference. So, as others have indicated, I'm | :33:37. | :33:42. | |
fashioning a bill to provide a framework of core principles and | :33:43. | :33:46. | |
duties governing ministers and the BBC, and the Charter and its | :33:47. | :33:49. | |
renewal, while leaving the detail to be covered in the Charter and the | :33:50. | :33:56. | |
accompanying agreement. I hope it will have support in Parliament and | :33:57. | :34:01. | |
Whitehall. Several noble Lords who can't be here today have authorised | :34:02. | :34:06. | |
me to indicate their support including Lord Inglewood and Lord | :34:07. | :34:14. | |
Pannick. My Lords, the bill will provide for the BBC to be a | :34:15. | :34:17. | |
statutory Corporation, established by Royal Charter, but subject to the | :34:18. | :34:24. | |
bill's criteria. The bill will underpin the BBC's duty as public | :34:25. | :34:30. | |
service broadcaster to serve the public interest by informing, | :34:31. | :34:33. | |
educating and entertaining the people of the United Kingdom, | :34:34. | :34:38. | |
including its nations, regions or communities by means of television, | :34:39. | :34:41. | |
radio, online services and other similar services. It's important for | :34:42. | :34:47. | |
the BBC and nobody else to define the scope of public service | :34:48. | :34:51. | |
broadcasting and its limits. The bill will protect the BBC's | :34:52. | :34:55. | |
independence as regards the content of its output, The Times and manner | :34:56. | :35:02. | |
at which the output is supplied and the governance and management of its | :35:03. | :35:06. | |
affairs. The Secretary of State, other ministers of the Crown, the | :35:07. | :35:10. | |
BBC and anyone else with a responsibility for the BBC's | :35:11. | :35:14. | |
governance will have a duty to ensure that the BBC is able to | :35:15. | :35:18. | |
operate independently from ministers and other public authorities in the | :35:19. | :35:24. | |
United Kingdom. The Secretary of State will be required to make | :35:25. | :35:29. | |
available to the BBC sufficient funds to enable the BBC to perform | :35:30. | :35:34. | |
its functions to promote public purposes as a public service | :35:35. | :35:39. | |
broadcaster. The licence fee must be for the exclusive use of the BBC in | :35:40. | :35:44. | |
performing those functions. It will be indexed linked and increased at | :35:45. | :35:52. | |
least against inflation. The BBC's funding must be protected against | :35:53. | :35:58. | |
top slicing, as happened for example under the current licence fee deal | :35:59. | :36:02. | |
with ?115 million per year is diverted from the licence fee to | :36:03. | :36:08. | |
subsidise BT's broadband roll-out. The Secretary of State will not be | :36:09. | :36:11. | |
able to transfer public expenditure to the BBC. If ministers and future | :36:12. | :36:16. | |
ministers want to change this they will have to persuade Parliament to | :36:17. | :36:23. | |
legislate my Lords, the BBC's use of the licence fee carries | :36:24. | :36:28. | |
responsibilities but those are matters not for the Government but | :36:29. | :36:31. | |
for the new board and senior staff and regulator. Under my build there | :36:32. | :36:38. | |
will be an independent external regulator, whether Ofcom or | :36:39. | :36:42. | |
otherwise to oversee the performance of the BBC's duties as public | :36:43. | :36:47. | |
service broadcaster, including any increase above inflation in the | :36:48. | :36:52. | |
licence fee. The Secretary of State and other ministers will be | :36:53. | :36:57. | |
forbidden to seek to influence the BBC's decisions will stop the | :36:58. | :37:01. | |
Secretary of State will be required to have regard to the need to defend | :37:02. | :37:06. | |
the BBC's independence, the need for the BBC to have the financial and | :37:07. | :37:10. | |
non-financial support needed to enable it to exercise its functions | :37:11. | :37:15. | |
and the need for the public interest to be considered in regard to | :37:16. | :37:19. | |
matters relating to the BBC. An independent board of I suggest not | :37:20. | :37:24. | |
more than 40 members, including the chair and deputy chair, will govern | :37:25. | :37:30. | |
the BBC -- 14 members. They should be people with skill, knowledge and | :37:31. | :37:35. | |
experience needed to perform the functions as public service | :37:36. | :37:39. | |
broadcaster. Members should be drawn from across the nations and regions | :37:40. | :37:43. | |
of the United Kingdom, including the BBC licence fee's payers and present | :37:44. | :37:49. | |
and former members of staff. Crucially, they must not be | :37:50. | :37:54. | |
political appointments, but must be appointed by an independent | :37:55. | :37:57. | |
appointments committee established by the Commissioner for Public | :37:58. | :38:01. | |
appointments. The board will be required to carry out its duties in | :38:02. | :38:05. | |
an open and transparent manner. The Royal Charter and any amendments to | :38:06. | :38:11. | |
the Charter will not have effect or be granted, unless the draft or | :38:12. | :38:17. | |
amendment has been laid before and approved by a resolution of each | :38:18. | :38:23. | |
house of Parliament. My Lords, for the last six years the BBC has seen | :38:24. | :38:28. | |
no increase in its funding from the licence fee so it has had to make | :38:29. | :38:33. | |
millions of pounds of cuts in its services and staff. But reforms are | :38:34. | :38:38. | |
needed and reforms are being made. The number of managers remains far | :38:39. | :38:44. | |
too high in spite of commitments to reduce their ranks by 1000. The BBC | :38:45. | :38:51. | |
must not operate from an ivory tower broadcasting to an intellectual | :38:52. | :38:57. | |
elite. But the BBC has become overblown and top-heavy, and | :38:58. | :38:59. | |
involved in commercial projects that could be left to others. Again, | :39:00. | :39:05. | |
these are matters for the board and the senior staff and the regulator | :39:06. | :39:10. | |
to address, not for government. My Lords, the public enthusiastically | :39:11. | :39:15. | |
trust the BBC, as we have said in this debate repeatedly, and | :39:16. | :39:20. | |
appreciates the public service it provides. The BBC staff do their | :39:21. | :39:27. | |
best to deliver a first class and balanced public service despite the | :39:28. | :39:31. | |
worsening financial pressures. This government has dumped more than ?600 | :39:32. | :39:37. | |
million in public spending on to the BBC by transferring the cost of | :39:38. | :39:40. | |
licence fees for the over-75s. This makes the BBC carry the burden of | :39:41. | :39:45. | |
fulfilling part of the Government's welfare policy. The BBC is now faced | :39:46. | :39:51. | |
with serious threat of the new unitary board that is appointed | :39:52. | :39:55. | |
politically by ministers and may influence content. My Lords, as | :39:56. | :40:01. | |
several of my Lords have said, the BBC is a national treasure that | :40:02. | :40:06. | |
could easily be harmed by government interference. We all want to ensure | :40:07. | :40:11. | |
the independence of the BBC so that it pursues the Reithian principles | :40:12. | :40:16. | |
that have made it the most respected broadcaster in the world. I hope | :40:17. | :40:21. | |
that the government will accept the need for a properly funded BBC that | :40:22. | :40:25. | |
is independent and free from political interference, and is able | :40:26. | :40:31. | |
with its guaranteed income to produce impartial, high-quality | :40:32. | :40:37. | |
programming that is envied over the world. That's what my bill will seek | :40:38. | :40:44. | |
to safeguard. But, my Lords, ultimately it is the public, to coin | :40:45. | :40:49. | |
a phrase, that must fight and fight and fight again for the BBC they | :40:50. | :40:58. | |
loaf. -- they love. My Lords, and delighted to take part in this | :40:59. | :41:08. | |
debate on the report aptly named Reith Not Revolution and I thank | :41:09. | :41:11. | |
Lord Best for his excellent and diligent chairmanship. As many noble | :41:12. | :41:16. | |
Lords have already made clear it is essential the BBC remains the | :41:17. | :41:20. | |
keystone of British broadcasting and continues to play a central role in | :41:21. | :41:26. | |
the wider creative industries. The BBC must maintain its reputation for | :41:27. | :41:29. | |
quality and independence throughout the world. This is only possible | :41:30. | :41:34. | |
with the continued support from government in keeping with the | :41:35. | :41:38. | |
overwhelming wishes of the British public apparent from the DCMS's | :41:39. | :41:41. | |
consultation sponsor summary published in March this year. | :41:42. | :41:46. | |
Findings showed that the public do value the BBC and believe it | :41:47. | :41:50. | |
produces high and distinctive content and wants it to remain | :41:51. | :41:58. | |
independent. But as in our report, concern was voiced that the BBC | :41:59. | :42:03. | |
falls short for some viewers such as reaching black, Asian and ethnic | :42:04. | :42:06. | |
minority and young audiences and presenting the lives of people in | :42:07. | :42:11. | |
the UK's nations and regions. Just to highlight how important the BBC | :42:12. | :42:16. | |
is for the country it's worth stating that BBC services reach 97% | :42:17. | :42:22. | |
of the UK population every week with an average of around 8.5 hours of TV | :42:23. | :42:30. | |
and over ten hours of BBC radio per head. For ?145.50 per year audiences | :42:31. | :42:39. | |
have provided nine national TV channels, ten national radio | :42:40. | :42:42. | |
channels, 39 local radio stations and a wealth of online and mobile | :42:43. | :42:48. | |
services including BBC Three, iPlayer and bbc.co.uk. But as our | :42:49. | :42:55. | |
report says, the committee has high expectations for the BBC than of | :42:56. | :43:01. | |
other public broadcasters. The BBC must play its part by reaffirming | :43:02. | :43:03. | |
the Reithian principles to inform, educate and entertain, and also to | :43:04. | :43:09. | |
reflect better the society we live in as other noble Lords have | :43:10. | :43:12. | |
mentioned. The BBC should make a particular commitment to reflect the | :43:13. | :43:18. | |
nation's regions and all the diverse communities of the UK. The BBC has | :43:19. | :43:24. | |
unique obligations to its audiences Aggers it is established by Royal | :43:25. | :43:27. | |
Charter, no matter how controversial that is today and dispensable source | :43:28. | :43:32. | |
of funding is universal licence fee. It must set the gold standard | :43:33. | :43:36. | |
amongst the public service broadcasters and thereby remain one | :43:37. | :43:39. | |
of the nation's most treasured institutions. | :43:40. | :43:44. | |
In a paid is that the BBC recognises the attitude be held firmly to | :43:45. | :43:51. | |
account by licence fee payers, Parliament and by the new regulator, | :43:52. | :43:55. | |
but it is also imperative that the BBC must retain its creative and | :43:56. | :44:03. | |
editorial freedom to react to the highly competitive media market and | :44:04. | :44:08. | |
social conditions. That is why our report wants to see the BBC better | :44:09. | :44:13. | |
reflect UK society in all its diversity. We were concerned to | :44:14. | :44:19. | |
hear, and I quote, from a number of witnesses who felt the BBC did not | :44:20. | :44:22. | |
reflect their lives, particularly from the panel of young people, | :44:23. | :44:26. | |
those with a disability and those from with in the BAe -- B M A | :44:27. | :44:33. | |
community. The BBC has recognised this and we expect to see an | :44:34. | :44:40. | |
improvement in this. The head of diversity and inclusion at the BBC | :44:41. | :44:43. | |
said, we all want to get the same result. The BBC where all our | :44:44. | :44:50. | |
audiences can see their lives then took leave portrayed by all our | :44:51. | :44:54. | |
programmes, where our programmes are made from a diverse group of people | :44:55. | :45:01. | |
and where your background, what ever it is, is no bearing on your | :45:02. | :45:11. | |
opportunity to have a career here. The proportion of black, Asian and | :45:12. | :45:19. | |
female workforce is at an all-time high. I welcome the independent | :45:20. | :45:28. | |
group, including the noble Baroness, Lady Taney Grey Thompson, who will | :45:29. | :45:33. | |
continue to hold the BBC to account. Likewise, it is good to see the new | :45:34. | :45:40. | |
BBC Academy in Birmingham which aims to attract the best talent from all | :45:41. | :45:49. | |
over the UK. It extended recruitment which tries to recruit people from | :45:50. | :45:56. | |
the disabled background has reached 628 people in the time it has been | :45:57. | :46:06. | |
running. Last year, the BBC launched a programme to try to develop young | :46:07. | :46:19. | |
BMAE talent and those who reached the end of the programme were first | :46:20. | :46:24. | |
tracked -- fast tracked into a training role. I hope that it will | :46:25. | :46:32. | |
successfully meet its targets to successfully employed more BME | :46:33. | :46:46. | |
people by 2017. It is also important to improve on-air portrayal. The BBC | :46:47. | :46:54. | |
recognises this with its hope to increase portrayal of BMAE by three | :46:55. | :47:05. | |
extra percent to 17% by 2017. They are also trying to increase the | :47:06. | :47:11. | |
number of disabled people on screen. I hope that a new documentary, | :47:12. | :47:23. | |
bringing Juliet into the 21st-century, recasting her for | :47:24. | :47:27. | |
today's diverse society, which will have lots of disabled actors and | :47:28. | :47:33. | |
actresses with in it will be a trailblazer for that. The a word is | :47:34. | :47:40. | |
described as a brilliant description of family life and is also blazing a | :47:41. | :47:51. | |
trail. Other ground-breaking programmes are also out there. I | :47:52. | :47:57. | |
hope the BBC will continue to reflect a modern Britain, ensuring | :47:58. | :48:03. | |
it remains pertinent to the young, as well as the rest of its audience, | :48:04. | :48:09. | |
and maintains its vital role within our nation. I'm sure the BBC can | :48:10. | :48:14. | |
have a vital feature and there is no scope for the Government to reduce | :48:15. | :48:20. | |
its scope. I hope the charter renewal process will prove an | :48:21. | :48:28. | |
opportunity to refresh but not fracture the BBC. I rise with some | :48:29. | :48:38. | |
trepidation as the register of interests notes I am a trustee of | :48:39. | :48:45. | |
the BBC, that much maligned species. You might ask why I joined the BBC | :48:46. | :48:50. | |
trust. I did so because the BBC has always been important in my life and | :48:51. | :48:57. | |
my career. Indeed, I worked in that iconic building, Bush house, as a | :48:58. | :49:01. | |
journalist and editor for the World Service for some eight years from | :49:02. | :49:08. | |
1984 to 1992. They're after, I left the BBC to work for the United | :49:09. | :49:13. | |
Nations and served for many years in Cambodia, the Balkans and the Middle | :49:14. | :49:18. | |
East. During those years, the BBC was vitally important for me. Far | :49:19. | :49:24. | |
more important than that, I saw that it was so critically important for | :49:25. | :49:30. | |
the people with whom I worked in those countries. I worked for Kofi | :49:31. | :49:36. | |
and man, the former Secretary General of the UN, who once famously | :49:37. | :49:42. | |
described the BBC as Britain's greatest contribution to the world | :49:43. | :49:47. | |
in the 20th-century. The World Service has been able to make that | :49:48. | :49:51. | |
enormous contribution because it is part of the wider BBC which has, | :49:52. | :49:56. | |
over the past 90 years, done so much to inform, educate and entertain, in | :49:57. | :50:03. | |
the words of the great John Reid, one of the greatest public servants | :50:04. | :50:11. | |
this country has ever produced. -- Reith. At the outset, I believe | :50:12. | :50:21. | |
there can be no argument that the BBC is one of the greatest | :50:22. | :50:27. | |
organisations in the world. This year marks the 400th birthday of one | :50:28. | :50:34. | |
of our greatest writers, William Shakespeare, and the BBC will be | :50:35. | :50:38. | |
marking that with a programme which brings together the Royal | :50:39. | :50:42. | |
Shakespeare Company, say Ian McKellen, Judi Dench and the Royal | :50:43. | :50:47. | |
Ballet in a televised event to honour the birthday of the national | :50:48. | :50:53. | |
bard. It is typical of what our great public broadcaster can do at | :50:54. | :50:57. | |
its best, bringing together our finest cultural institutions and | :50:58. | :51:02. | |
stars and broadcast, nationwide, as well as internationally, to the | :51:03. | :51:09. | |
widest possible audience. The very concept of public service | :51:10. | :51:12. | |
broadcasting was pioneered here in Britain by the BBC. We should be | :51:13. | :51:19. | |
immensely proud of that. From 1932, the BBC began to broadcast globally, | :51:20. | :51:29. | |
first in English and then, in 1938, interestingly, in Arabic, on either | :51:30. | :51:32. | |
of the Second World War. Sadly the need for broadcasting in that | :51:33. | :51:35. | |
language is as great now as it was then. I believe that the journalism | :51:36. | :51:43. | |
at the BBC goes from strength to strength under the leadership of | :51:44. | :51:48. | |
James Harding, the editor of the News Department. Recently, I saw an | :51:49. | :51:51. | |
extraordinary report on the ten o'clock News, the News at ten, from | :51:52. | :51:58. | |
Alistair Lee's head in Nigeria, looking at the horrible movement of | :51:59. | :52:07. | |
Boca Rampe, the mystery of the 200 girls who were kidnapped by that | :52:08. | :52:18. | |
bile group. I can't think of another broadcaster who would have given | :52:19. | :52:28. | |
prime-time coverage to that group and its horrible work. My Lords, I | :52:29. | :52:33. | |
congratulate Lord Best and his committee for producing an excellent | :52:34. | :52:37. | |
report that has informed this debate on an institution which is national | :52:38. | :52:41. | |
as well as international. At a time when our international presence is | :52:42. | :52:46. | |
diminishing, when much of the world watches with amazement at our | :52:47. | :52:52. | |
pending referendum, we can ill afford to see the BBC retreat. I | :52:53. | :52:56. | |
commend the Government for the extra funds it has put at the use of the | :52:57. | :53:03. | |
BBC in 2015, four African languages and for the establishment of the | :53:04. | :53:08. | |
Korean service, so long championed by the noble lord. Also for the | :53:09. | :53:15. | |
encouragement and further meant of the Arabic and Farsi wing of the | :53:16. | :53:23. | |
BBC. This is the year of charter renewal and I hope it is not marred | :53:24. | :53:26. | |
by the cuts would have been inflicted on public broadcasters in | :53:27. | :53:34. | |
Canada and Australia in recent years. I would submit that that is | :53:35. | :53:40. | |
not a path we want to see the BBC go down. The BBC can ill afford to see | :53:41. | :53:45. | |
any more surprises from Government of the sort meted out by the | :53:46. | :53:51. | |
Chancellor last year. As a result of that step, as many of the Lords in | :53:52. | :53:57. | |
this House have noticed, the BBC has had to take responsibility for the | :53:58. | :54:04. | |
free licenses for the over 75 is introduced by the Labour Government | :54:05. | :54:07. | |
led by Gordon Brown. There should be no more acts of this order. The BBC | :54:08. | :54:13. | |
is not a state broadcaster. It is for governments to decide | :54:14. | :54:17. | |
appropriate levels of social welfare for the elderly and to accept the | :54:18. | :54:25. | |
cost and not pass them the BBC. Assurance in that respect from the | :54:26. | :54:30. | |
Minister would be most welcome and that there will be no similar | :54:31. | :54:35. | |
action. Turning to Lord Best's report, I, like other members of the | :54:36. | :54:41. | |
trust, welcomed the suggestion that there should be an 11 year charter, | :54:42. | :54:47. | |
an 11 year charter which I think is vital to detach the process from the | :54:48. | :54:54. | |
electoral cycle, that should be obvious to us all. The need for an | :54:55. | :55:00. | |
independent regulator to set the level of the license the and an end | :55:01. | :55:07. | |
to the top slicing of the license the or any kind of contestable fund | :55:08. | :55:13. | |
paid for by the license the pages. The importance of the BBC's | :55:14. | :55:18. | |
independence, financial, editorial and operational, comes through so | :55:19. | :55:24. | |
strongly in this report. This independence is vital for the future | :55:25. | :55:29. | |
of the BBC and it matters crucially to the license payers. Following the | :55:30. | :55:33. | |
publication of the Green paper on the charter review in July 2015, the | :55:34. | :55:38. | |
trust launched its own consultation for members of the public to have | :55:39. | :55:43. | |
their say on the future of the BBC. Alongside this, the trust | :55:44. | :55:48. | |
commissioned qualitative and quantitative research to examine | :55:49. | :55:54. | |
issues in greater depth. That consultation found that nine in ten, | :55:55. | :56:00. | |
some 88% of respondents, felt that it was important that the BBC remain | :56:01. | :56:05. | |
independent and a large majority, 79%, that that it was very | :56:06. | :56:10. | |
important. Let me make three critical points. The BBC's financial | :56:11. | :56:17. | |
independence, that is absolutely imperative to the organisation's | :56:18. | :56:23. | |
feature. Future funding periods should, I believe, be funded for no | :56:24. | :56:28. | |
less than six years to provide certainty for planning. Licence fee | :56:29. | :56:37. | |
monies should be dedicated to BBC services and should not ever again | :56:38. | :56:41. | |
be used to fund wider Government programmes. The crucial new proposal | :56:42. | :56:47. | |
relates to a process to determine the license fee will stop after | :56:48. | :56:56. | |
three I'm clear processes for determining this, the trust is | :56:57. | :57:00. | |
calling for it to be written into the charter, giving a formal and | :57:01. | :57:05. | |
clear process with a timescale to be established. The regulator, whether | :57:06. | :57:11. | |
it is Ofcom or someone else, needs to be empowered to bring evidence in | :57:12. | :57:21. | |
two the debate on the BBC's funding, providing the Government, Parliament | :57:22. | :57:27. | |
and the public with proper debate before decisions are taken. It is | :57:28. | :57:34. | |
also my firm opinion that there should be no bit point review, much | :57:35. | :57:40. | |
speculated upon in the press. It is a firm opinion of the trust... I'm | :57:41. | :57:50. | |
sorry, that this would create unnecessary operational uncertainty | :57:51. | :57:55. | |
for the BBC and make long-term planning difficult. Moreover, it | :57:56. | :58:00. | |
could potentially affect their ability to invest in projects which | :58:01. | :58:05. | |
benefit both the public and the BBC -- and the UK's creative industries. | :58:06. | :58:11. | |
The current charter has shown flexibility to enable the BBC to | :58:12. | :58:18. | |
react effectively, in a shifting technological landscape. For | :58:19. | :58:22. | |
example, the decision to launch the eye player in 2007. A midpoint | :58:23. | :58:30. | |
review, we believe, is unnecessary. Thirdly, and finally, my lord, we | :58:31. | :58:34. | |
support the proposal from the report for the creation of a unitary board, | :58:35. | :58:41. | |
independent from the Government, but we have significant concerns that | :58:42. | :58:49. | |
DCM as should be the organisation with the power to appoint the | :58:50. | :58:56. | |
unitary board. This, we believe, is unacceptable. Instead, it should be | :58:57. | :59:04. | |
a transparent process for the appointment of the board. | :59:05. | :59:06. | |
Ministerial involvement should only be to the appointment of the chair. | :59:07. | :59:13. | |
This is a view which is widely supported by a polling which the | :59:14. | :59:15. | |
trust has carried out. Earlier today in this House we carried out a | :59:16. | :59:25. | |
ceremony to mark the Queen's 90th birthday. The BBC is slightly older | :59:26. | :59:32. | |
at 94. The Queen's Christmas address is watched by many and it is | :59:33. | :59:37. | |
remarkable that it was the most watched programme lysed Christmas | :59:38. | :59:40. | |
Day. It shows again how the BBC can play such a powerful role in | :59:41. | :59:43. | |
bringing this nation together. My Lords, I too thank Lord Best and | :59:44. | :59:51. | |
communications committee for this excellent debate based on their | :59:52. | :59:55. | |
excellent report, both of which highlight in particular the | :59:56. | :59:58. | |
importance of better governance, great diversity and protection | :59:59. | :00:02. | |
against political pressure. The report anticipates the BBC trust | :00:03. | :00:07. | |
will be replaced by an independent regulator, most likely Ofcom which I | :00:08. | :00:12. | |
welcomed because it is well regarded across business and politics, but | :00:13. | :00:16. | |
given the replacement of the BBC Trust by an independent regulator | :00:17. | :00:19. | |
Sir David Clementi's recent review proposes a unitary BBC board of | :00:20. | :00:25. | |
perhaps 13 members led by a nonexecutive chair with a deputy | :00:26. | :00:29. | |
chair acting as senior independent director, plus four other | :00:30. | :00:33. | |
nonexecutive directors designated from the four nations of the United | :00:34. | :00:37. | |
Kingdom with the balance of five or six nonexecutive members also to be | :00:38. | :00:45. | |
pointed to a 13 or 14 strong board. The proposed unitary board might | :00:46. | :00:50. | |
therefore have only two, or perhaps three, executive directors from BBC | :00:51. | :00:54. | |
management, including of course the director-general. As we have heard, | :00:55. | :01:01. | |
the DCMS Secretary of State John Whittingdale suggests the Government | :01:02. | :01:05. | |
might appoint all of the non-executives. That would become as | :01:06. | :01:10. | |
previous speakers have made clear, a very real threat to the independence | :01:11. | :01:14. | |
of the BBC, because in an organisation controlled by a unitary | :01:15. | :01:17. | |
board these government appointees could exert influence in many | :01:18. | :01:23. | |
sensitive areas including programming decisions. So, one | :01:24. | :01:26. | |
consideration should therefore be that the next Royal Charter should | :01:27. | :01:30. | |
therefore make it clear that the ultimate editor in chief of all | :01:31. | :01:34. | |
programme output is the director-general. Lord Hall, the | :01:35. | :01:38. | |
current director-general, recently stressed the independence of the BBC | :01:39. | :01:42. | |
from political pressure must be a priority command as we have heard | :01:43. | :01:47. | |
today, it is clear that most noble Lords share that view. We now know | :01:48. | :01:51. | |
that the White Paper on Charter renewal will finally be published | :01:52. | :01:55. | |
next month, and I hope by then the Government will have backed away | :01:56. | :01:58. | |
from proposing an appointments procedure which would threaten the | :01:59. | :02:02. | |
BBC's traditional independence and be very vigorously contested. The | :02:03. | :02:07. | |
weakness of the Royal Charter process in protecting the BBC from | :02:08. | :02:11. | |
government interference has long had cogently been argued by the noble | :02:12. | :02:16. | |
Lord Lord Falconer, who rightly said it should be rooted in statute with | :02:17. | :02:21. | |
more transparent and democratic decisions debated and endorsed in | :02:22. | :02:26. | |
Parliament. Lord Birt, former director-general, criticised the way | :02:27. | :02:30. | |
in which the Royal Charter's proposed safeguards have been | :02:31. | :02:35. | |
bypassed so easily to divert around 25% of BBC programme budgets to fund | :02:36. | :02:40. | |
Treasury schemes. Now, unfortunately, it's almost too late | :02:41. | :02:45. | |
to push through fundamental reforms, but looking forward to Lord Lester's | :02:46. | :02:49. | |
draft Bill I hope this house can give attention momentum to it. But | :02:50. | :02:54. | |
we must still use next month's White Paper to press for reforms and other | :02:55. | :03:01. | |
arrangements. Your Lordships' can indication is committee suggest | :03:02. | :03:02. | |
scrapping the multiple accountability layers of BBC | :03:03. | :03:08. | |
bureaucracy and adopting Ofcom's four general Puig service | :03:09. | :03:12. | |
broadcasting purposes, informing or understanding of the world, | :03:13. | :03:17. | |
stimulant in knowledge and learning, reflecting UK cultural identity, and | :03:18. | :03:19. | |
representing diversity and alternative viewpoints. To the | :03:20. | :03:27. | |
traditional BBC's Reithian tradition, to entertain, inform and, | :03:28. | :03:35. | |
diversity will no doubt become even greater over the life of the next | :03:36. | :03:41. | |
BBC Charter. I pick up here on some of the issues raised by Baroness | :03:42. | :03:45. | |
Healy, my noble friend. In the House of Commons last Thursday debate on | :03:46. | :03:49. | |
the BBC on diversity was introduced by the MP for Tottenham David Lammy | :03:50. | :03:56. | |
in an excellent speech. Mr Lambie's motion noted with concern that | :03:57. | :04:00. | |
black, Asian and minority ethnic people working in the UK creative | :04:01. | :04:07. | |
media fell by 31% between 2006 and 2012. It also noted that the BBC had | :04:08. | :04:13. | |
fallen behind other broadcasters in setting and achieving targets for a | :04:14. | :04:17. | |
more diverse workforce. And diversity of course embraces more | :04:18. | :04:22. | |
than BAME matters, it's also about the representation and employment of | :04:23. | :04:29. | |
people with disabilities, lesbian, Gay, bisexual and transgender | :04:30. | :04:35. | |
people, about regionalism, gender and noble Lords may recall that our | :04:36. | :04:39. | |
own Communications Committee recently reported on the problems | :04:40. | :04:41. | |
facing older women working in television. Over the 15 years from | :04:42. | :04:51. | |
1999 the BBC launched 29 initiatives aimed at improving BAME employment, | :04:52. | :04:55. | |
and no doubt another initiative will be announced soon. It will be | :04:56. | :05:00. | |
welcome, but clearly what is needed is action and results if the BBC is | :05:01. | :05:05. | |
to meet its targets, which at present lag behind Channel 4 and | :05:06. | :05:10. | |
Sky. Sky entertainment has decreed that all new shows will have 20% of | :05:11. | :05:15. | |
people from BAME backgrounds insignificant on-screen roles and | :05:16. | :05:21. | |
targets for regional roles of screen in all productions -- in significant | :05:22. | :05:27. | |
on-screen roles. In Sky News 15% of interviewees were from BAME | :05:28. | :05:32. | |
communities. Channel 4 has an vicious targets in its 360 degrees | :05:33. | :05:37. | |
diversity Charter with an increase from 15% of BAME staff in 2015 to | :05:38. | :05:46. | |
20% in 2020. Channel 4 has also made remarkable progress in employing and | :05:47. | :05:48. | |
representing on-screen and off-screen people with disabilities. | :05:49. | :05:53. | |
My noble friend Baroness Oona King is indeed the driving force on these | :05:54. | :05:59. | |
issues at Channel 4. Currently the reckoning is that in London, where | :06:00. | :06:05. | |
national broadcasters are based, around 40% of the population are | :06:06. | :06:11. | |
from BAME communities, or not British-born. Across the UK the | :06:12. | :06:17. | |
figure is around 14% and rising. Significantly, BBC One has a share | :06:18. | :06:23. | |
of 22% of the television audience, but only a 13% share of BAME | :06:24. | :06:30. | |
viewers. The BAME percentage of the BBC workforce has crept up pretty | :06:31. | :06:35. | |
slowly in recent years to just over 13%. But that is markedly lower in | :06:36. | :06:40. | |
senior positions. Interestingly, the Minister for culture Ed Vaizey was | :06:41. | :06:47. | |
repeatedly praised for the personal and very positive role he plays in | :06:48. | :06:51. | |
encouraging greater diversity. The Minister in turn praised the work | :06:52. | :06:57. | |
done to highlight diversity issues by Sir Lenny Henry, the actor Idris | :06:58. | :07:01. | |
Elba who recently addressed a packed meeting here at Parliament, and | :07:02. | :07:07. | |
Simon Albury of the campaign for broadcasting equality who is the | :07:08. | :07:10. | |
former Chief Executive of the Royal Television Society. Esther Albury | :07:11. | :07:17. | |
says the advances made on-screen in BAME representation are important | :07:18. | :07:21. | |
but on-screen representation must be matched by more off-screen | :07:22. | :07:24. | |
employment, especially in the areas of commissioning power and editorial | :07:25. | :07:28. | |
influence which must be mobilised to drive faster change across the BBC. | :07:29. | :07:36. | |
Regarding regional diversity the BBC can, I think, be proud of the | :07:37. | :07:39. | |
progress it has made in spending much more of its programming budget | :07:40. | :07:43. | |
outside the M25. Media City in Salford has been given a great boost | :07:44. | :07:49. | |
to production in the North of England, and ITV is also building | :07:50. | :07:53. | |
its own regional structures in Yorkshire and at what used to be | :07:54. | :07:56. | |
called Granada land in the north-west, especially with location | :07:57. | :08:02. | |
drama and serious like Emmerdale and Coronation Street. Scotland, Wales | :08:03. | :08:07. | |
and Northern Ireland now have shares of BBC programme production that | :08:08. | :08:11. | |
better reflect their share of UK audiences, a much welcome advance on | :08:12. | :08:16. | |
past practice. BBC television and radio now has a more diverse | :08:17. | :08:22. | |
regional spread, but there is surely a lot more that could be done for | :08:23. | :08:25. | |
the populous Midlands and North East of England. Our judgments on these | :08:26. | :08:30. | |
matters might be better informed if the BBC were not so grudging in | :08:31. | :08:33. | |
giving out information about programme budgets and staffing. For | :08:34. | :08:38. | |
which it was criticised in the Commons debate. How viewers' licence | :08:39. | :08:44. | |
fee money is spent demands and deserves more transparency. The | :08:45. | :08:49. | |
diversity of the UK can be defined in so many ways that no Royal | :08:50. | :08:55. | |
Charter or PSP purpose can capture all of its complexity -- PSP. The | :08:56. | :09:00. | |
greatest challenge in producing BBC programmes has been defined as | :09:01. | :09:03. | |
making the good popular and the popular good. The digital platforms | :09:04. | :09:10. | |
and alternative channels multiplying and competition increasing and | :09:11. | :09:12. | |
audiences fragment in, the demands on executives and creative producers | :09:13. | :09:19. | |
will intensify. The demands for quality and higher ratings will at | :09:20. | :09:26. | |
times not sit easily alongside the targeting of diversity. That is a | :09:27. | :09:29. | |
challenge that must be guided strongly and imaginatively from the | :09:30. | :09:33. | |
top of broadcasting organisations, especially one as indispensable to | :09:34. | :09:37. | |
the UK as the BBC, and I speak as someone who spent 30 years in | :09:38. | :09:48. | |
broadcasting at a rival of Independent television. That | :09:49. | :09:50. | |
independence will not be achieved by the BBC trust if it is dominated by | :09:51. | :09:55. | |
ABC appointees. Between the publication of the White Paper and | :09:56. | :09:59. | |
the start of the new BBC Charter, Parliament must strive to put the | :10:00. | :10:02. | |
right structures of governance in place to encourage creativity and | :10:03. | :10:06. | |
diversity to sustain impartiality and independence, and to reward the | :10:07. | :10:10. | |
viewing public for the trust and affection they have for the BBC. My | :10:11. | :10:21. | |
Lords, I too want to pay tribute to the noble Lord Lord Best who chaired | :10:22. | :10:25. | |
our committee, and I also paid tribute to my fellow committee | :10:26. | :10:29. | |
members and these are a warm-hearted tribute, and I will explain why. Our | :10:30. | :10:34. | |
report reminds me of how you produce a souffle. We served up a dish which | :10:35. | :10:42. | |
looks simple, it contains clear and straightforward observations and | :10:43. | :10:45. | |
recommendations. But as with a souffle, it involves hours and hours | :10:46. | :10:52. | |
of toil and sweat in the preparation. Only members of the | :10:53. | :10:55. | |
committee who were involved in this process can appreciate what agonies | :10:56. | :10:59. | |
we went through. What happened was this: we did not want to have an | :11:00. | :11:05. | |
inquiry into every element of the BBC. So we said we would focus on | :11:06. | :11:10. | |
specific elements one being the public purposes of the BBC. Little | :11:11. | :11:16. | |
did we know what we were getting into. We thought that this arena of | :11:17. | :11:22. | |
public purposes would be a light stroll in the garden involving a | :11:23. | :11:26. | |
pair of secateurs for a little light pruning. Instead we found ourselves | :11:27. | :11:32. | |
in tangled, almost strangle it, in a thicket six public purposes, a | :11:33. | :11:38. | |
further six public remits, 28 purpose priorities and 26 service | :11:39. | :11:45. | |
licences. Add to these Ofcom's own public purposes. Not surprisingly we | :11:46. | :11:48. | |
decided that what we needed were not secateurs, but heavy garden shears. | :11:49. | :11:56. | |
So we came to the view, keep it simple. Please, get back to the | :11:57. | :12:00. | |
simple Reithian mission, the three objectives to inform, educate and | :12:01. | :12:06. | |
entertain. And we were then encouraged by the right reverend, | :12:07. | :12:10. | |
the Bishop of Chelmsford, to add a fourth, to reflect. And the Bishop | :12:11. | :12:18. | |
has talked this afternoon about the need to reflect beliefs across the | :12:19. | :12:23. | |
country. And so our report says that the BBC should reflect, and I quote: | :12:24. | :12:29. | |
the front opinions, lifestyles, beliefs and values of the nations, | :12:30. | :12:34. | |
regions and diverse communities of the UK. I hope that the BBC will | :12:35. | :12:41. | |
take note of the recommendation to reflect the range of different | :12:42. | :12:45. | |
opinions across the UK. Because, if I may say so, I don't think they | :12:46. | :12:52. | |
have always done so. I have heard highly respected BBC commentators, | :12:53. | :12:56. | |
such as Nick Robinson, say that the BBC has sometimes been slow to | :12:57. | :12:59. | |
reflect public opinion on controversial subjects. And he | :13:00. | :13:05. | |
cited, for example, Europe and immigration. And I suspect this is | :13:06. | :13:10. | |
partly the result of a metropolitan bias in news reporting. How often | :13:11. | :13:16. | |
have we heard the anchorman or woman on the Today programme as they | :13:17. | :13:22. | |
introduced the weather forecast, it's raining over Broadcasting | :13:23. | :13:24. | |
House, what is it doing in the rest of the country? It was therefore | :13:25. | :13:30. | |
very encouraging when the committee went to visit the BBC at Media City | :13:31. | :13:34. | |
in Salford Quays. That move has been a great success, and not just for | :13:35. | :13:39. | |
the BBC, but also for the locality and the region. The same will be | :13:40. | :13:45. | |
true, I think, as the BBC extends its presence elsewhere, for example | :13:46. | :13:54. | |
in Cardiff. My Lords, the Government is looking at proposals on Charter | :13:55. | :13:57. | |
on your, so let me make a few points about that. It is right, as has been | :13:58. | :14:03. | |
said by many noble Lords, notably Mike Noble Lord Lord Fowler and Lord | :14:04. | :14:07. | |
Lester, who isn't in his place, it is right the BBC should be | :14:08. | :14:11. | |
independent and be seen to be independent -- my noble Lord, Lord | :14:12. | :14:16. | |
Fowler. Points have been raised about how the process by which | :14:17. | :14:20. | |
Charter renewal takes place, how that should happen. I've listened | :14:21. | :14:25. | |
very carefully to what has been said. And as I understand it, the | :14:26. | :14:31. | |
provisions of the BBC Charter and chartering you will will be put into | :14:32. | :14:38. | |
legislation in an act of Parliament and decided by Parliament. But I do | :14:39. | :14:41. | |
wonder if that would make the process more political. I wonder if | :14:42. | :14:48. | |
my noble friend Lord Fowler could imagine the kind of amendments and | :14:49. | :14:55. | |
who might move them that such a bill might attract. I look forward to | :14:56. | :15:00. | |
seeing what proposals the noble Lord, Lord Lester has, when he comes | :15:01. | :15:04. | |
forward with his proposed bill, and let's judge it when we see the | :15:05. | :15:08. | |
details of that. I want to come to the question of the licence fee now. | :15:09. | :15:12. | |
I would not want to see a repeat of last year's process which pushed | :15:13. | :15:17. | |
onto the BBC the cost of free licenses for the over-75s. And not | :15:18. | :15:23. | |
surprisingly this has led to calls for a more independent system of | :15:24. | :15:27. | |
setting the licence fee and our committee does indeed recommend one. | :15:28. | :15:34. | |
I'm not quite sure it is as straightforward as that. At the end | :15:35. | :15:41. | |
of the day, the level of the license fee has two reflect the scale and | :15:42. | :15:47. | |
disturb of the BBC. At least under the present regime, that will, at | :15:48. | :15:51. | |
the end of the day, be decided by the Government. But let us suppose | :15:52. | :15:56. | |
the Government were to adopt a process of licence fee settlement | :15:57. | :16:03. | |
along the lines of our report and it should be handed to an independent | :16:04. | :16:07. | |
body to make a recommendation, surely it should be factored into | :16:08. | :16:12. | |
that process a view or calculation of what efficiency savings are | :16:13. | :16:17. | |
required of the BBC. Every well-run organisation or company looks each | :16:18. | :16:23. | |
year at how it can run itself more efficiently and cut costs where it | :16:24. | :16:27. | |
can and the BBC should not be immune to that process. This brings me to | :16:28. | :16:34. | |
be tough choices which the management of the BBC have to | :16:35. | :16:39. | |
confront. They are faced with demands from the public for | :16:40. | :16:45. | |
extensive news and current affairs, loads of sport, top-class drama, | :16:46. | :16:48. | |
brilliant wildlife programmes, high-quality entertainment and | :16:49. | :16:56. | |
comedy, the arts and it goes on. The BBC has very little control over its | :16:57. | :17:00. | |
funding, so the demands made of the BBC in the new charter must be | :17:01. | :17:06. | |
realistic. Ambitious, but not over ambitious. In my opinion, the BBC | :17:07. | :17:12. | |
cannot do everything and mess the BBC are really prepared to pay for | :17:13. | :17:18. | |
it. Therefore, I don't think the BBC should always try to compete with | :17:19. | :17:22. | |
the commercial channels at every level, but that emphatically does | :17:23. | :17:27. | |
not mean that the BBC should confine itself to output which the market | :17:28. | :17:32. | |
will not provide, the so-called market failure model. It is not a | :17:33. | :17:38. | |
binary choice. What I want to see is market in Richmond. The BBC makes | :17:39. | :17:45. | |
programmes which inform, educate and entertain but which are distinctive | :17:46. | :17:50. | |
because of their high quality. They make programmes which are innovative | :17:51. | :17:54. | |
and break new ground and which are challenging. It has been mentioned | :17:55. | :17:58. | |
in the course of the debate programmes such as the great British | :17:59. | :18:03. | |
bake of and programmes made by the noble lord brag in our time which | :18:04. | :18:09. | |
are wonderful and brilliant programmes, so there are brilliant | :18:10. | :18:13. | |
programmes which the BBC can and does make and in the UK, we are | :18:14. | :18:17. | |
blessed with an abundance of creative people within the BBC and | :18:18. | :18:23. | |
the creative independent producers with the ideas, imagination and | :18:24. | :18:27. | |
expertise to conceive and make these programmes. They will go on doing | :18:28. | :18:34. | |
so, so long as the BBC have clear objectives, so long as the culture | :18:35. | :18:37. | |
and ethos of the BBC and courage is them, and so long as the BBC is not | :18:38. | :18:44. | |
swamped by an incomprehensible hierarchy of public purposes and we | :18:45. | :18:48. | |
met involving endless and pointless box ticking. So, give the BBC a new, | :18:49. | :18:57. | |
straightforward board structure. Appoint independent people at the | :18:58. | :19:04. | |
top, establish a clear regulatory framework and then, quite simply, | :19:05. | :19:10. | |
let them get on with the job. My Lords, it is good to hear all the | :19:11. | :19:17. | |
tributes to the committee and to its chair, the noble lord Lord Best, for | :19:18. | :19:26. | |
there really quite statesman-like and distinguished report. I thought | :19:27. | :19:31. | |
the way that Lord Best introduced the report had all the rings of | :19:32. | :19:37. | |
Reithian authoritative comment at its best. My Lords, the debate got | :19:38. | :19:47. | |
off to a good start because, of course, the report's introduction | :19:48. | :19:53. | |
was followed by the noble lord, Lord Fowler, and there has been no more | :19:54. | :19:59. | |
consistent and firm champion of the cause of the BBC in this House and | :20:00. | :20:08. | |
beyond than Lord Fowler. He doesn't only champion it, he analyses | :20:09. | :20:14. | |
situations, he underlines the strengths, he sees the challenges | :20:15. | :20:21. | |
and what is so important is he puts forward constructive remedies of how | :20:22. | :20:26. | |
the thing can be brought forward. He is no Greek chorus. He is an active | :20:27. | :20:31. | |
player who wants to engage in the whole dynamic of the future. My | :20:32. | :20:39. | |
Lords, I think there has also been something which has been very good | :20:40. | :20:47. | |
in this debate, the value of hearing from noble lord 's, as there are no | :20:48. | :20:57. | |
people that in the Parliamentary arena who have done more to advance | :20:58. | :21:03. | |
the cause not only of the arts, but also of bringing the arts to the | :21:04. | :21:14. | |
widest cross-section of people and if I am allowed to make a personal | :21:15. | :21:22. | |
reflection, I am constantly reminded in Cumbria where I live, how Lord | :21:23. | :21:31. | |
Bragg has found he had time to nurture the Keswick literary | :21:32. | :21:41. | |
festival. My Lords, Lord Puttnam, I thought, he was splendid, in the way | :21:42. | :21:48. | |
in which he underlined that if what we love about the BBC is to survive | :21:49. | :21:55. | |
and faster, its independence at the BBC is crucial. In that, the way in | :21:56. | :22:02. | |
which the governors are appointed and the chair appointed, is, of | :22:03. | :22:10. | |
course, is essential. We need to watch that very carefully indeed. | :22:11. | :22:15. | |
The report emphasised that they would like to add or put forward the | :22:16. | :22:25. | |
thought that the additional objective might be added to the BBC | :22:26. | :22:30. | |
mission and that is to reflect. Of course, the way in which they were | :22:31. | :22:35. | |
using reflect is that it must reflect society additives, the | :22:36. | :22:39. | |
generations of society, the nations that make the United Kingdom, and do | :22:40. | :22:43. | |
that really demonstrate with commitment. -- do that really | :22:44. | :22:54. | |
demonstrably. But reflect has two meanings, really. I hope that they | :22:55. | :23:02. | |
feel as strongly about the other dimension of reflect, which is to | :23:03. | :23:06. | |
stop, pause and consider and evaluate the society which we are | :23:07. | :23:13. | |
in. This I think is a two Mendis contribution the BBC can make. | :23:14. | :23:17. | |
Actually encouraging people to think about the world in which they are | :23:18. | :23:24. | |
living. -- this is a tremendous contribution the BBC can make. They | :23:25. | :23:29. | |
can see for themselves how they can becoming gauged in shaping this | :23:30. | :23:36. | |
world. In this context, I was also very bad that the report emphasised | :23:37. | :23:40. | |
unashamedly children. I can't help forgetting my up ringing. Children's | :23:41. | :23:51. | |
hour was a very important part of my upbringing, in my young days, and | :23:52. | :23:55. | |
not least because I was growing up in the wall with all the tensions | :23:56. | :24:01. | |
and stress and drama of war. How we waited for the drama on Thursday | :24:02. | :24:06. | |
nights and the next episode of the drama. Some children were asked | :24:07. | :24:12. | |
quite soon after television was coming in, in a very serious survey, | :24:13. | :24:21. | |
and they were asked, what do you prefer? Radio drama or television | :24:22. | :24:27. | |
drama? At that stage, the majority of the children who were asked said, | :24:28. | :24:35. | |
oh, radio drama. When asked why they said, because the pictures are | :24:36. | :24:40. | |
better. I wonder whether, with all our cameras and high-tech and the | :24:41. | :24:47. | |
rest, we are stimulating the agenda and imagination to quite the degree | :24:48. | :24:55. | |
to which radio children's programmes used to do certainly in the 1930s | :24:56. | :25:07. | |
and 40s. My Lords, if it's a stimulating amongst the young and | :25:08. | :25:14. | |
children's imagination and vision, we have to look at what it's | :25:15. | :25:18. | |
contributing to the children. What we are making available to the young | :25:19. | :25:25. | |
in the context of the crisis in our society itself. I almost literally | :25:26. | :25:31. | |
lose sleep about what is happening to our society is that the concept | :25:32. | :25:38. | |
of citizenship is withering, as consumerism takes over. Consumerism | :25:39. | :25:48. | |
fosters responsive attitudes in terms of personal needs, personal | :25:49. | :25:58. | |
aggrandisement and the rest. Citizenship demands thought and | :25:59. | :26:04. | |
participation. Without of course becoming propaganda agents, the BBC | :26:05. | :26:08. | |
has a unique opportunity to begin to introduce and effectively introduce | :26:09. | :26:17. | |
children to the importance of citizenship and to how they can | :26:18. | :26:23. | |
participate in citizenship and what the issues of citizenship are about. | :26:24. | :26:30. | |
When I was a member of Parliament, I had an inner-city constituency. I | :26:31. | :26:33. | |
made a point every year of going to visit every secondary school in my | :26:34. | :26:41. | |
constituency. It was not a cheering experience because, when I was | :26:42. | :26:47. | |
talking to people about the importance of participation in | :26:48. | :26:57. | |
politics, they would say, what is this, it's got nothing to do with | :26:58. | :27:01. | |
politics. I would say to them, does your family have any housing | :27:02. | :27:06. | |
problems? Do your families ever encounter medical problems? Do your | :27:07. | :27:14. | |
families have issues about education itself? And I was repeatedly told by | :27:15. | :27:26. | |
the youngsters, in words of one syllable, very bluntly sometimes, | :27:27. | :27:29. | |
that's got nothing to do with politics. That was some years ago | :27:30. | :27:33. | |
but I suspect that the situation is even worse today, with the | :27:34. | :27:38. | |
disillusionment in the political community. I think the BBC has got a | :27:39. | :27:47. | |
terrific opportunity to rehabilitate the elliptical context and quality | :27:48. | :27:54. | |
of our society -- political context and quality of our society. Also | :27:55. | :28:00. | |
within that, I think local radio has an important role to play. I can | :28:01. | :28:05. | |
speak warmly about radio Cumbria and the key part it has played into | :28:06. | :28:11. | |
terrible episodes of flooding in recent years, absolutely crucial to | :28:12. | :28:16. | |
the well-being and safety of the local people. It also has a | :28:17. | :28:22. | |
responsibility to link into local perceptions, local engagement. The | :28:23. | :28:27. | |
national issues, I was struck at the time of the last flooding, that it | :28:28. | :28:34. | |
almost coincided with the great conference in Paris. I thought it | :28:35. | :28:39. | |
was a terrific opportunity there to get people thinking about what was | :28:40. | :28:42. | |
being done in Paris and what the relevance of what was going on in | :28:43. | :28:47. | |
Paris had to their situation and the difficulties they were facing. I | :28:48. | :28:54. | |
think, there again, the role that the BBC can play openly must never | :28:55. | :28:59. | |
be underestimated, but it is not just reporting local crime and local | :29:00. | :29:05. | |
murders etc. It is easy to slip into that sort of preoccupation. It is | :29:06. | :29:11. | |
about taking the opportunity to stimulate a better neighbourhood | :29:12. | :29:15. | |
community understanding of how the world are really affecting them and | :29:16. | :29:19. | |
how they relate to them as a community. | :29:20. | :29:38. | |
I can't conclude without saying how happy I was with the World Service | :29:39. | :29:46. | |
and how important it was to me. As a young man, not infrequently, I found | :29:47. | :29:50. | |
myself in Bush house. It seemed to me that it had all the | :29:51. | :29:55. | |
characteristics of a unique university. It had a real sense of | :29:56. | :30:01. | |
community journalism, it shared experiences and that's, and a very | :30:02. | :30:07. | |
high level of analysis and thought about the issues before the world's | :30:08. | :30:15. | |
society. If we have run reality with which we all have do live, and I | :30:16. | :30:20. | |
really can't say how strongly I feel about this, if we have one reality | :30:21. | :30:25. | |
with which we all have two lives and it is so sad to see in Britain that | :30:26. | :30:30. | |
there are so many people, not least in the Westminster community, who | :30:31. | :30:36. | |
wish it wasn't true and want to run away from it, but the reality is | :30:37. | :30:41. | |
that from the moment we are born, we are locked into a world community. | :30:42. | :30:46. | |
We are utterly interdependent with the world. There is hardly a single | :30:47. | :30:50. | |
issue of significance which can be solved or resolved or dealt with | :30:51. | :30:56. | |
successfully on our own as a nation. It has to be doubt with in the | :30:57. | :30:59. | |
context of cooperation, participation in the wider world | :31:00. | :31:06. | |
community of which we are a part. Here I think the BBC not only in the | :31:07. | :31:14. | |
quality of thinking in Britain, in the contribution it makes, but in | :31:15. | :31:17. | |
the practicality of its link between the World Service, the National | :31:18. | :31:22. | |
Service, the regional servers, the local service, is in a strongly | :31:23. | :31:26. | |
placed position to ensure the quality of the future of our | :31:27. | :31:27. | |
democracy. | :31:28. | :31:38. |