19/01/2016 Outside Source


19/01/2016

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Hello and welcome to Outside Source. We often get good news from Iraq

:00:12.:00:21.

these days, but the latest UN report is difficult reading. It details

:00:22.:00:26.

despicable atrocities carried out by Islamic State. We will also hear

:00:27.:00:32.

from the Pakistani boy who cut off his hand after he thought he had

:00:33.:00:36.

committed an act of blasphemy. He had been telling the BBC he does not

:00:37.:00:38.

regret it. Why should I pain of regret for cutting of the

:00:39.:00:48.

hand that was raised against the holy Prophet? More actors are

:00:49.:00:52.

joining Spike Lee over the lack of nominations for black actors in this

:00:53.:01:00.

year 's Academy Awards. In mid-June can, we will be reporting on lead

:01:01.:01:06.

that has been found in the water. We will be also looking at the Chinese

:01:07.:01:10.

economy Before anything else, let me bring

:01:11.:01:36.

you some breaking news about Jihadi John. The Islamic State group have

:01:37.:01:46.

confirmed his death. He was killed on the 12th of November last year.

:01:47.:01:54.

Hope the American and British governments have been claiming this

:01:55.:01:56.

since it happened, but it has not been confirmed by IS until now.

:01:57.:02:05.

Jihadi John was in several videos where captives were beheaded.

:02:06.:02:12.

Islamic State confirming that Jihadi John is dead. Let us turn to the UN

:02:13.:02:23.

report on Iraq. It is about the level of violence against civilians

:02:24.:02:27.

in Iraq. The UN is calling its staggering. These are some of the

:02:28.:02:33.

figures that have been produced. 18,800 civilians were killed between

:02:34.:02:38.

the start of 2014 and the end of October last year. In the same time

:02:39.:02:43.

period, 3 million people have been displaced internally. The Islamic

:02:44.:02:47.

State group has been singled out as the single biggest cause. IS is said

:02:48.:02:52.

to be holding three and a half thousand people as slaves. -- 3500

:02:53.:03:03.

people as slaves. The UN is not just concentrating on the scale of what

:03:04.:03:07.

is happening in Iraq, it is concentrating on its particular

:03:08.:03:10.

brutality. There are accounts of such horror, it beggars belief.

:03:11.:03:18.

Prisoners being run over by bulldozers, women being offered to

:03:19.:03:28.

winners of a Koran memorisation composition. Here is an account from

:03:29.:03:33.

one Iraqi family. I should say this is not just the

:03:34.:06:11.

Islamic State, atrocities are being carried out by other entities. The

:06:12.:06:26.

UN High Commissioner says that the report starkly illustrates what

:06:27.:06:32.

Iraqi refugees are attempting to flee from. If we go back to

:06:33.:06:42.

2006-2007, the figures are actually higher. Close to 35,000 civilians

:06:43.:06:50.

lost their lives. The numbers for hair and that coincides with the

:06:51.:06:55.

surge of US troops that George W Bush signed off. If we look at these

:06:56.:07:01.

figures in more detail, this bike is more pronounced. 2014 is when the

:07:02.:07:05.

Islamic State groups opted to establish itself in Iraqi territory.

:07:06.:07:10.

If you want evidence of that, here is a map of Syria and Iraq. Red is

:07:11.:07:17.

IS controlled territory. This is the beginning of 2015. You will see the

:07:18.:07:20.

difference as we go to the end of 2015. A map gets darker, the red

:07:21.:07:26.

areas become darker. That is evidence of Islamic State making

:07:27.:07:33.

territorial gains. Let's turn to our correspondent from BBC Arabic. The

:07:34.:07:39.

situation in Iraq has been escalating. This is a country that

:07:40.:07:45.

was supposed to pave the way towards more stability, but the sectarian

:07:46.:07:49.

violence within the country was in the highlights of the political

:07:50.:07:54.

activities and the people's lives. What shocked me in this report is

:07:55.:08:00.

the number of casualties in Baghdad itself, but that that is sitting on

:08:01.:08:12.

the top with casualties. 1875 killed within months. What is this? Some

:08:13.:08:22.

areas on the outskirts of Baghdad are still controlled by Islamic

:08:23.:08:28.

State. The car bombs and assassinations happen on a daily

:08:29.:08:35.

basis and they are dominating the scene. However, we are focusing on

:08:36.:08:43.

the areas where there is fighting with the Islamic State in the north

:08:44.:08:49.

and north-west. Nevertheless, when you look at the figures, when George

:08:50.:08:55.

W Bush ordered that surge, and influx of Americans troops calmed

:08:56.:09:04.

the situation. When they left, the number spiked. Is that too

:09:05.:09:09.

simplistic? Not really. There is still criticism and people fear the

:09:10.:09:17.

violent grievances against the government and has paved the way for

:09:18.:09:21.

the Islamic State to find its way into the northern part of Iraq and

:09:22.:09:30.

we saw in 2014 cities falling in within hours. It's not just the

:09:31.:09:35.

presence of foreign forces, it's the government efforts in order to bring

:09:36.:09:40.

stability and providing people with not only military security, but

:09:41.:09:45.

political security as well. Invaluable analysis of the Arab

:09:46.:09:54.

world. Now, on yesterday's programme you may have seen a report on the

:09:55.:09:59.

Pakistani boy who cut off his hand because the cleric told him he

:10:00.:10:06.

omitted blasphemy. Our correspondence has been speaking to

:10:07.:10:10.

him. The Institute does contain some disturbing descriptions.

:10:11.:10:13.

It was hard to find the boy who chopped off his hand thinking

:10:14.:10:16.

He is from a poor family in the North East.

:10:17.:10:23.

When I met him, his identity we have changed for his protection,

:10:24.:10:26.

he was in pain, but still putting religion

:10:27.:10:28.

The Imam asked those of us gathered in the mosque that whoever

:10:29.:10:35.

does not believe in the teachings of the holy Prophet,

:10:36.:10:38.

raise your hand, so I did, but by mistake.

:10:39.:10:40.

Then I realised I was being accused of blasphemy.

:10:41.:10:45.

I returned home, chopped off my hand, put it on the tray

:10:46.:10:48.

There were around 100 men in the mosque at that time

:10:49.:11:04.

Why should I feel the pain of regret for

:11:05.:11:13.

cutting off the hand that was raised against the holy Prophet?

:11:14.:11:19.

The young boy put his hand under the blade of the machine

:11:20.:11:24.

and chopped his own hand in a single stroke.

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Not only he in self is part of the act,

:11:34.:11:38.

the entire village is celebrating it.

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The act has even brought admirers from surrounding villages.

:11:53.:11:54.

When we heard a man had chopped off his hand for our beloved

:11:55.:11:58.

Another story we have been covering concerns the ongoing row over this

:11:59.:12:25.

year's Oscar nominations. Jada Pinkett Smith says we are

:12:26.:12:43.

really recognise for our artistic accomplishments. If you have been

:12:44.:12:49.

following this story, the hashtag has been heavily used. It was the

:12:50.:12:54.

same last year. To give you some context, in the history of the

:12:55.:13:00.

Oscars, only five black actors have won even lead actor or actress

:13:01.:13:07.

award. Also a study done by the LA Times, those choosing the nominees,

:13:08.:13:20.

94% of white and 77% are male. Earlier I spoke to Peter Bowes who

:13:21.:13:28.

is in Los Angeles. The Academy has responded. The president, who is

:13:29.:13:32.

African-American, she has issued a statement saying she is heartbroken

:13:33.:13:37.

and frustrated about the lack of inclusion and she is promising

:13:38.:13:43.

dramatic steps. She says that is to alter the make up of the membership.

:13:44.:13:49.

Over the next days and weeks steps will be taken to review the

:13:50.:13:52.

membership recruitment process to bring about diversity in 2016 and

:13:53.:13:59.

beyond. This will do nothing to change the nominees for this year's

:14:00.:14:04.

skirts. The question is, is it enough to prove to people like Jada

:14:05.:14:07.

Pinkett Smith and Spike leaned that the Academy -- that the Academy is

:14:08.:14:21.

taking it seriously and boycotting the Oscars is almost certain. It

:14:22.:14:31.

will be important to the academy because on the night, it comes down

:14:32.:14:41.

to the viewing figures. This hashtag has been buzzing today and if people

:14:42.:14:45.

decide not to watch the Oscars, it could be a pivotal turning point. Is

:14:46.:14:54.

it not that the problem does not lie with the Oscars, it lies with film

:14:55.:14:59.

is being made in Hollywood? Precisely. Spike Lee says that his

:15:00.:15:03.

argument is not with the Academy, it is with the studios and to some

:15:04.:15:08.

extent the producers. They are the people with the powers to green

:15:09.:15:14.

light projects and cars actors and actresses in those films and

:15:15.:15:18.

television shows. He says it is a much wider problem for Hollywood

:15:19.:15:24.

than the Academy. The Academy is the showpiece and is centre stage on

:15:25.:15:27.

Oscars night, but it is a bigger issue than that.

:15:28.:15:30.

Let's remind you of a story from Syria, which we brought you right at

:15:31.:15:36.

the top of the programme. The Islamic State group has confirmed

:15:37.:15:43.

the death of Mohammed Emwazi, better known as Jihadi John. They say he

:15:44.:15:46.

was killed in a drone strike. That's what the Americans and British said

:15:47.:15:50.

immediately after that drone strike in early November, but this wasn't

:15:51.:15:56.

confirmed by the group. Most of you will know this, Jihadi John was

:15:57.:16:00.

known because allegedly he was the person seen in several graphic

:16:01.:16:11.

videos of beheadings. Islamic State confirming that Jihadi John is dead.

:16:12.:16:15.

Now we turn to the ongoing slow down with the Chinese economy. And how

:16:16.:16:19.

it's affecting other economies around the world, but also the steel

:16:20.:16:20.

industry inside China. 48-hour strike by junior doctors in

:16:21.:16:36.

England over a proposed new contract has been suspended. These talks

:16:37.:16:41.

between Government representatives and the doctors have been taking

:16:42.:16:45.

place behind closed doors. All that we've been told today by doctors

:16:46.:16:49.

here at the British Medical Association is that they're hopeful.

:16:50.:16:54.

They say there is now real room for progress and that Government has

:16:55.:16:58.

started to listen to them. They say that's why they've called off this

:16:59.:17:03.

two-day strike for the 26th and 27th of January, which is obviously very

:17:04.:17:07.

good news for patients. But there are concerns that there are still

:17:08.:17:10.

significant differences between the two sides. Now for the doctors,

:17:11.:17:16.

that's around safety issues, such as working excessively long hours and

:17:17.:17:19.

also, holding onto extra pay they get for working late at night and

:17:20.:17:23.

also on Saturdays. For the Government it's around making it

:17:24.:17:28.

more affordable for more doctors to be rotaed on shift at weekends. They

:17:29.:17:30.

say that's a safety issue. This is Outside Source. The lead

:17:31.:17:44.

story here: A UN report on Iraq has detailed shocking levels of violence

:17:45.:17:48.

against civilians, including what it says could be acts of genocide by

:17:49.:17:52.

the Islamic State group. We can bring you some of the main stories

:17:53.:17:55.

from my colleagues at BBC World Service. First, thousands of

:17:56.:17:59.

students have demonstrated on university campuses across India

:18:00.:18:04.

after a student committed suicide because of caste discrimination.

:18:05.:18:11.

BBC Russian on its mobile app has these pictures of a very brave

:18:12.:18:21.

people dipping into cold water. Stephen Hawking says humanities is

:18:22.:18:27.

at risk from dangers of its own making, including nuclear war,

:18:28.:18:33.

global warming and genetically engineered viruses. Let's talk about

:18:34.:18:37.

the Chinese economy. It's now growing at the slowest rate for 25

:18:38.:18:41.

years. These are the latest figures we have for 2015, it grew by 6. 9%.

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You can compare that with the year before, 7. 3%. It's worth mentioning

:18:47.:18:51.

these figures are from the Chinese Government. Some people would say

:18:52.:18:55.

actually this data unreliable and growth is even slower than this.

:18:56.:18:58.

Either way, these are the headline figures: We've asked BBC Chinese to

:18:59.:19:02.

give us more context on them. China's economic growth has been

:19:03.:19:13.

slowing down for some time now. The government says China has entered a

:19:14.:19:18.

new normal with slower economic growth powered by domestic

:19:19.:19:22.

consumption rather than investment, in the old days. The annual GDP

:19:23.:19:31.

growth figure is widely expected, actually Chinese stock markets

:19:32.:19:34.

rallied despite the slow down in growth. Investors expect Beijing

:19:35.:19:39.

would unleash more stimulus measures to support the economy. Given the

:19:40.:19:44.

recent turmoil on China's stock market, how effective these measures

:19:45.:19:52.

are remains to be seen. Beijing says the growth rate force

:19:53.:19:59.

within the 7% target set last March, it says Chinese economy has great

:20:00.:20:07.

resist yens, huge potential and -- resilience, but the numbers might

:20:08.:20:10.

continue to look undesirable in years to come.

:20:11.:20:13.

Thanks to BBC Chinese for that. The effects of the Chinese slow down

:20:14.:20:17.

are felt all over the world and in all sorts of ways. Let's focus on

:20:18.:20:21.

China as an export market for a moment. For instance, Australia

:20:22.:20:25.

exports huge amounts of iron ore to China. We switch to southern Africa,

:20:26.:20:30.

Angola's export sector is heavily reliant on China, in particular oil

:20:31.:20:35.

and gas consumption. Then finally if we switch to South America, this is

:20:36.:20:39.

all about agricultural exports, things like soy beans and all of

:20:40.:20:44.

these countries suffer when the Chinese economy weakens because

:20:45.:20:47.

China then slows the rate at which it buys the exports. Of course, the

:20:48.:20:52.

most immediate impact is on Chinese people themselves. Steve Evans has

:20:53.:20:55.

been making a report about just that.

:20:56.:20:58.

This is the glut that's swamping the world.

:20:59.:21:01.

China's produced so much steel, it leaves it rusting,

:21:02.:21:05.

And closes steelworks, bricking them up.

:21:06.:21:12.

This steelworks couldn't compete as steel prices crashed

:21:13.:21:34.

from $10,00 a tonne at the peak to $200 a tonne today.

:21:35.:21:42.

Redundant steel workers gamble, as they ponder the sudden uncertainty

:21:43.:21:48.

of their lives. 9,000 jobs have gone. These men

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compete with each other for work in a slackening labour market. He says

:21:55.:22:01.

the shut down has greatly affected each and every one of us.

:22:02.:22:07.

"We've all lost our jobs. We've got old parents and young children that

:22:08.:22:12.

we have to provide for. We need that salary. Of course, we complain."

:22:13.:22:19.

This steel glut is not going away. China's Communist government warns

:22:20.:22:26.

of more closures. It's brutal competition out there. A slowing

:22:27.:22:31.

economy only intensifies that competition between countries and

:22:32.:22:35.

between workers. Steve Evans reporting. Now China's

:22:36.:22:41.

slowdown is one of the reasons that the International Monetary Fund has

:22:42.:22:44.

gown graded its global forecast for 2016. Here's their chief economist

:22:45.:22:49.

speaking to the BBC. For now, it's apparent that we may have been

:22:50.:22:55.

overoptimistic about potential growth in some recent years for much

:22:56.:23:00.

of the emerging world. For much of the emerging world, growth was

:23:01.:23:06.

driven by high investment in their commodity export sectors, driven in

:23:07.:23:11.

large part by China's very high demand for those commodities,

:23:12.:23:17.

because it was running on a construction and manufacturing base

:23:18.:23:21.

model. So that is all changing. Let's go live to New York. We talk

:23:22.:23:29.

about the IMF an awful lot in the news. We don't often take time to

:23:30.:23:34.

explain what role it performs. Can you help us with that? Yeah, sure.

:23:35.:23:41.

It's an organisation that basically consists of 188 countries. It was

:23:42.:23:45.

founded basically to avoid another Great Depression. So it does quite a

:23:46.:23:52.

few things. It monitors economic and financial development and offers

:23:53.:23:56.

guidance. Its primary focus is to ensure the stability of the

:23:57.:23:59.

international monetary system, so the system of exchange rates and

:24:00.:24:02.

international payments. We hear a lot about the IMF lending. It's also

:24:03.:24:07.

a lending agency. They give money to countries who are in trouble so that

:24:08.:24:11.

they can rebuild their economy, but by forcing them to basically adopt

:24:12.:24:14.

policies to correct those underlying problems. It's an organisation that

:24:15.:24:17.

does quite a few things. It provides these forecasts. It's saying 2016 is

:24:18.:24:20.

not shaping up so well. It China, but what are the other

:24:21.:24:27.

reasons? Yeah, it mentioned China and also mentioned a slowing in the

:24:28.:24:33.

developing world, slow growth there, which I heard you talk a lot about,

:24:34.:24:37.

the issue about commodity prices falling and the demand from China

:24:38.:24:40.

decreasing. That affects the developing world. Really

:24:41.:24:42.

interesting, we've been looking at the markets and the volatility these

:24:43.:24:49.

last few weeks. Basically, the IMF says that global financial markets

:24:50.:24:53.

seem to be overreacting to the falling oil prices and the Rick of

:24:54.:24:58.

dot -- risk of the downturn in China. That could lead to slower

:24:59.:25:02.

growth. Investors continuing to pull out of stocks. And they warned about

:25:03.:25:07.

geopolitical tensions and they cut their forecast for US growth because

:25:08.:25:11.

of possibly increased interest rate rises in 2016. So they painted a

:25:12.:25:16.

pessimistic picture, of course, with the Chinese downturn leading that,

:25:17.:25:20.

but with all these other issues to consider as well. Thanks for

:25:21.:25:25.

explaining that to us. Now this is an interesting bits of

:25:26.:25:30.

newed r news, just -- news, just breaking. We heard whispers about

:25:31.:25:33.

this. The New York Times has gone public in saying it's definitely

:25:34.:25:39.

going to happen. Sarah Palin is going to endorse Donald Trump in his

:25:40.:25:43.

campaign for the Republican nomination for the presidential

:25:44.:25:47.

election. Big news. We'll get into that more in the second half of the

:25:48.:25:51.

programme. Sarah Palin saying Donald Trump is her pick for the next

:25:52.:25:53.

president of America. Hello. Coming up, I have drought in

:25:54.:26:11.

Colombia, a snowstorm for the east of the United States and proof that

:26:12.:26:14.

the Finnish are hardy souls. First back

:26:15.:26:15.

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