22/03/2016 Outside Source


22/03/2016

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LineFromTo

Hello, I'm Ros Atkins, this is Outside Source.

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So-called Islamic State claim responsibility for another terror

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This time Brussels was the target with rush-hour bombings at the main

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airport and a central metro station.

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More than 30 people have been killed.

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We'll be talking in detail about what it means for security

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The Belgian authorities have released this photo of three

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suspects, who may still be on the run. We'll explain more about the

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circumstances of that photo and we're going to be covering this

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story across the next hour. If you have any questions about it, use the

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hashtag BBC OS. We begin in Brussels where it's been

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an horrific stage. I need to emphasise three developments. First

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a claim of responsibility direct from the so-called Islamic State

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group. The director of an organisation called the site

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intelligence groups and she tells us Isis has released the English claim

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for the Brussels attack. Images like these very similar but in a number

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of languages have been released by Islamic State. Second, let's bring

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up wire copy here through the Outside Source screen. Norts

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Brussels say they have found -- authorities in Brussels say they

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have found chemical products and Islamic State group flag found in a

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raid which took place today, since the bomb attacks. This is some

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advice from the British Foreign Office in the UK: It's advising

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British nationals against travelling to Brussels unless necessary. That

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is directly in line with the advice the Belgian authorities are issuing

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to Belgian nationals. Let's look at how the day's events unfolded. The

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first we heard about this story here in the BBC Newsroom came in the form

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of a short news wire from the Reuters news agency, quoting local

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Belgian media. Two explosions heard at Brussels airport, cause unclear.

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While we were seeing that, multiple messages posted on social media from

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the airport backing up what that news wire was telling us. In fact,

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it was established relatively quickly that the explosions were at

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7 GMT, 8am local time. While the emergency services were rushing to

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the airport to help those who'd been injured, there was another explosion

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in the centre of town, at Maalbeek Metro station. We'll get to the

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Metro station in a couple of minutes. First' let's focus on the

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two explosions at Zavantem airport. At the moment the authorities are

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saying 11 people died here, 81 were wounded. This diagram helps us

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explain better what happened. First, there was an explosion in the

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check-in area. Then an explosion near a Starbucks cafe. Both of these

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areas are places where you wouldn't have had to go through any security

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checks to reach. Then the authorities initially mistakenly,

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but they confirmed this image was a real one from CCTV, it shows three

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men, all considered to be suspects by the police. It's not known if

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they're still alive or if the suicide bomber is among them. One

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detail a lot of people are focussing on, these two men are both wearing

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black gloves on their left hand, no glove on their right hand. Certainly

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a strange thing to do. There's speculation that those gloves could

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have disguised detonators, though at this stage, it's possible to say --

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impossible to say if that's the case. As the story was developing,

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lots of pictures were coming into the BBC News room. Let's have a look

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at some of them. These are pictures filmed by someone who was in that

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check-in area. You can see the terrible aftermath of these

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explosions with people running, smoke everywhere and debris

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everywhere. These are pictures from outside where hundreds and hundreds

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of people were guided out of the airport terminal, given advice by

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the police as to where to go and while they came out, of course, the

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emergency services were going in. Some of those people who witnessed

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this terrible attack have been speaking about what they saw. I was

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having my break. I was inside the building. We just heard a loud bang.

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Everything was shaking. We look outside the window. There was smoke

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coming out of the departure hall. I thought I was hurt, I was hit. Then

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there were two people who were working on the airport. They told me

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just to come inside. They locked the door. People started panicking,

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running. The only thing I was seeing was just dust in the air, like

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people running to save their lives. There was some announcement, clearly

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something had gone wrong. The woman's voice was like quiet shaken

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on the intercom. That's when I know we should move. The question from

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Terry about why Brussels would have been a target, we'll get into that

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in five or ten minutes with Gordon Corera. If you have questions send

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them in. Next let's turn from the airport to Maalbeek Metro, 11

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kilometres from the airport. We know a train had just left of the station

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when a bomb exploded. At least 20 people were killed over 100 were

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injured. To give you an idea of how central this is. There's the Metro

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station, here's the European Commission, council of the European

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Union, the European Parliament. This is within easy walking distance of

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that station. Several of you have been saying, where does this fit

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into what happened last week? Let me explain. If we go four kilometres

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across town, we reach the Molenbeek suburb of Brussels, which is where

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on Friday, the suspected ring leader of November's Paris attacks was

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picked up, Salah Abdeslam. We know that one image that's been shared a

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lot from the Metro in the aftermath of that bomb is this one, dark with

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people being guided off the carriages. As well as these stills,

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lots of images started to come into the newsroom. For instance, this is

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a video very similar to that still, where we sow people being helped --

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see people being helped in almost darkness to walk down the tunnel and

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back to safety. It's rush hour, that's why it's so busy. This gives

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you an idea of the scale of the explosion. This is the entrance to

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the Metro station and the smoke has made its way all the way up from the

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tunnel and out through the entrance way. Very soon after these pictures,

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a couple of pictures to show you, these ones give you an idea of the

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way the emergency services had to treat the injured immediately on the

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pavement right there and then to give them the help they needed. Some

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of those caught up in that attack have also been describing their

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experiences. In between the stations, when we felt a small blast

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of air. We heard thudding in the distance. The Metro immediately

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stopped. The lights turned off. The engine turned off and a message came

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over the intercom saying there had been a disturbance on the line, that

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continued for a few minutes. People were obviously nervous. I think a

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lot of people, like myself, had been reading about the explosion at

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Brussels airport, as they were on their way to work. Train staff came

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through and I asked one of them, "Was there an explosion? And the

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woman would worked for the rail service said yes, then her colleague

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followed and I asked where the explosion was. He said Maalbeek. So

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then we were evacuated. They turned off the electricity on the line. We

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walked out the back of the carriage. This is how the Belgian prime

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minister has described today calling it a black moment for our country,

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now more than ever I would like to appeal to all to be calm and show

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solidarity. The French government has used even stronger language, "We

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are at war. We have been subjected for the last few months in Europe to

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acts of war." A couple of viewers asking what's happened to the three

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men in that photo that I've just shown you. Let's bring in the BBC's

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Ben Brown, who is just by the airport in Brussels. What more do we

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know about those three men and where they may be now? Well, the

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indication we were getting from Belgian police were perhaps two of

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those three were dead, in other words that they were suicide bombers

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or killed in the attack today. The third, who is the one on the right,

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wearing the hat, is still at large. Now an arrest warrant has been put

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out for him. It seems he managed to escape, just one of the three

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managed to escape. 11 killed in the attack here at the Brussels

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international airport. It's interesting and significant that a

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third device was found later on, unexploded. So two went off. The

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first one went off around 8am, this morning, local time. Then as people

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were running from that first explosion, there was a second

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explosion in which many people seemed to have been caught up, as

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they were running from the first blast. Then later on, a third device

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was found. So it does seem that perhaps, And this is speculation,

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that those three attackers you saw in the CCTV image, pushing trolleys,

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they each had a device, but somehow the third man, the one in the hat

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didn't detonate his device. So that third device was later found and he,

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it seems, is still on the run. Also was found in the airport here a

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Kalashnikov assault rifle. I should just say, in the last hour or so,

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they've really beefed up the security presence around the

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airport. About half a dozen truck loads of Belgian army troops just

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rolled past us here and went straight into the airport. We gather

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the airport won't be re-opening any time soon. This is a crime scene, of

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course. A huge forensic investigation is under way into

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exactly what happened. It won't re-open until Thursday at least. It

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is normally a very busy airport, both around Europe, flights around

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Europe and around the world. When the bombers struck at 8am this

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morning, it was particularly busy. This is a huge tragedy for Belgium,

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how's the country planning to mark those who it's lost? It is, of

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course. In a sense, it's a tragedy that ever since the Paris attacks,

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back in November, that killed 130 people, and the very strong links

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between Brussels, the Molenbeek area of Brussels and some of the Paris

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attackers, ever since those links emerged, Brussels has been a city

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bracing itself for attack. I was here on Friday, when Salah Abdeslam

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was arrested. That 26-year-old suspect behind the Paris attacks,

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there are Belgian troops walking around the city, there have been for

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weeks. Brussels has almost got used to being in a state of preparing

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itself for an attack. People still can't believe it has happened. Three

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days of national mourning have been declared. There's a vigil going on

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right now in the centre of Brussels, several vigils, actually, where

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people are remembering the dead and the injured. The king of Belgium has

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said that he and the queen share the pain of all the people, all the

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victims and their families and all the people of Belgium and has said

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that this was cowardly and odious attack. Thank you very much. Ben

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Brown live from just by the airport in Brussels. Lots of people sharing

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this image of the Eiffel Tower coloured in the colours of the

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Belgian flag this evening, just that's was in the colours of the

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French flag after the Paris attacks. Some European leaders are trying to

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identify this not as an attack on Brussels or Belgium, but as an

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attack on the whole of Europe. TRANSLATION: The terrorists have

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struck Belgium, but it is Europe which has been targeted. It is the

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whole world which is concerned with this. We should take conscience of

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the magnitude and the gravity of the threat, terrorist threat. These were

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attacks in Belgium. They could just as well be attacks in Britain,

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France, Germany or elsewhere in Europe. We need to stand together

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against these appalling terrorists and make sure they can never win.

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There's David Cameron. Countries across Europe have been stepping up

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security measures. Speaking of the Prime Minister, here he is on

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Twitter telling us that the UK will be increasing police presence at

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ports, airports, tube stations and international railway stations. The

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French are deploying 1600 police officers in a number of different

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locations. Germany too has stepped up security measures on a number of

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its borders, including that with Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg

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and also with France. All of these attacks today have put the Schengen

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zone back in the spotlight. We have talked about Schengen a lot. This is

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the free movement zone which all these countries in blue are members

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of. If you are within it, you can move around very freely. The fear is

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that very ability to move freely is making it easier to organise

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attacks, such as these. Paris has raised lots of questions on how

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Europe stops these attacks. What's happened today in Brussels adds

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urgency to the need for answers. Let's speak to our Security

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Correspondent, Gordon Corera. Lots of viewers sending in messages,

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several saying why would IS target Brussels? Well Brussels, the heart

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of Europe, the heart of the European Union. They've been trying to target

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a lot of European countries. The statement they put out today, which

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we think is linked to IS and comes from one of their registered or

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standard media accounts just says that Brussels was targeted as one of

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the crusader capitals, if you like. Whether it's linked to the arrest on

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Friday of Salah Abdeslam, that's less clear. What the links are

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between the group that carried out this attack and the Paris network

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still a bit unclear. It is possible that there's a direct link, that

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these are people that are also involved in Paris and that perhaps

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they felt the net closing in on them and decided to push forward plans to

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carry out an attack. Or it could be a completely separate cell. We don't

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know that yet for sure. We talked after the Paris attacks and

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discussed the Schengen zone and discussed the fact that the

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different agencies across Europe perhaps weren't sharing information

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as they might have done. Those same questions are going to come again.

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That's right. There's a question within Belgium itself, how good is

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the information sharing there? It is a country which has had problems.

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The issue of jihadism in Belgium has been deep rooted there for many

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years. A very high proportion relatively have been going from

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Belgium to Iraq and Syria compared to other European countries. 100

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from Brussels alone organise to one think-tank. Brussels has this issue

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here. Plus the question of information sharing within Belgium

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are the police and Security Services talking to each other? And then

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there's the European question - are European services sharing with each

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other? Are they putting enough information into databases so when

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people reach borders the authorities know they're on the watch list of

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one country. There are still concerns that process is not good

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enough yet. Why wasn't Brussels on its highest level of alert given

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what happened last week? It was on its highest level of alert, it's

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been there at previous points. It's a good question. Perhaps they had no

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indication whatsoever about this. It is hard for cities to remain on the

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highest level of alert over extended periods. It often means impacting

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people's journeys. If you don't have the highest intelligence you don't

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stay at the top level of threat. It's very hard to stop them, but

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what measures are now available to Belgium, but more broadly the

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European Union, to offer some comfort to people who tonight are

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incredibly worried? What's clear since the Paris attacks is that IS

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has been shifting towards softer targets. Rather than hit military,

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government, police, they were looking in Paris at concerts,

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football stadiums and today, we saw airports and the Metro. Clearly

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there will be now more focus on the transport hubs, what more can be

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done. They are difficult to secure. A lot of people go through them. The

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point is they're supposed to facilitate movement. If you put too

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many layers of security in front of them you slow that down enormously

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and make daily life much harder. People will look at whether there

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are ways to improve perimeter security, explosives detection at

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transport hubs, if that is up the IS target list. Thank you very much.

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Thanks for sending in your questions. I hope that has helped

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explain the story a little bit further. Now let's look in more

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detail at the city of Brussels. It was also in the news repeatedly last

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week. On Tuesday last week police raided a flat in a suburb called

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Forest. One man was killed, linked to the Paris attacks, two others

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escaped. We were told that a fingerprint from this man, Salah

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Abdeslam, one of the main suspects in the Paris attacks, was foubd in

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the flat. Fast forward to Friday, another raid. This time in the area

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of Molenbeek. A part of Brussels we've discussed a lot because of its

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association was radical Islam. Salah Abdeslam was caught. You may have

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seen this footage. GUNFIRE There's a brief shootout

:18:33.:18:39.

with police before he was wounded and then he was taken into custody.

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Another man was also taken into custody. It became clear that

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Abdeslam had returned to Belgium soon after the Paris attacks. Well,

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the Molenbeek district where Abdeslam was captured is connected

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to a number of the suspects from the Paris attacks. It's become symbolic

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of Belgium's problems with Islamist extremists. This is also illustrated

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by the number of Belgian fighters who have travelled to Syria to fight

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for Islamic State. These are the latest figures we have: 451 is the

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latest figure. Per capita, twice as many than France, four times as many

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as Britain. An expert on radicalisation based at Kings

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College London told us his thoughts about these statistics. I think it

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underscores the depth and the extent of the radical network that exists

:19:44.:19:50.

within Belgium. We had the arrest a few days ago of Salah Abdeslam, one

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of the key perpetrators of the Paris attacks last November, which

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obviously devastated the French capital back then. It does really

:19:59.:20:02.

speak to the size and the sophistication of what we're seeing

:20:03.:20:06.

in Europe right now. If there is a network of the kind of scale which

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you allude to, isn't it an intelligence failure that the

:20:13.:20:14.

Belgians and French and others have not been able to understand it

:20:15.:20:20.

better? Absolutely. I think all the intelligence agencies were caught on

:20:21.:20:24.

the hop by Syria and particularly in the early stageds in 012 -- stages

:20:25.:20:30.

in 2012 and 2013 by the flow of foreign fighters going out there. I

:20:31.:20:33.

don't think anyone was prepared for the magnitude for what unravelled at

:20:34.:20:37.

that time. Now the intelligence agencies need to be cooperating a

:20:38.:20:45.

lot more closely. The French said something similar today in having a

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united European response to this. This is a challenge that faces all

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of us, particularly on the continent, where there is the

:20:52.:20:55.

availability of weapons that are more easily accessible than in the

:20:56.:21:03.

UK by comparison. We need to have a more joined-up intelligence network

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helping to us ID I these people. We were repeatedly told don't see

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Al-Qaeda as a coherent network taking instruction from the top. How

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would you characterise the way Islamic State is operating its

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networks now? Of course, Al-Qaeda was a much more difus than Islamic

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State, because it couldn't hold territory, particularly in the

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aftermath of September 11th. In the place it's did hold territory, they

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were difficult to reach and hard to access. In the past, you had to go

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to Yemen or Somalia or Afghanistan. These were not easily accessible.

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Syria and Iraq are more readily available in terms of transport and

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getting there. We've seen large numbers of European citizens migrate

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there. Perhaps something like 5,000 from Europe as a whole over the last

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four or five years. You have this critical mass of people who are

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there, who are living in a highly permissive environment for learning

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bomb-making skills, where they can train with heavy weaponry and with

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the things we don't want them to have access to and to come back to

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Europe and unleash this kind of thing. It's worth saying briefly

:22:14.:22:18.

that whilst events like Paris last year were clearly directed, these

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people had been sent back from Islamic State, we've also seen

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self-start ere vents as well, where individuals have not travelled

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there, but carried out attacks in the name of the group. We will

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continue to see that. But it's the directed attacks that pose the most

:22:33.:22:36.

significant challenge. Here's a tweet: Jonathan is watching in the

:22:37.:22:42.

north of England. What impact will today's news have on airport

:22:43.:22:45.

security? Will we see pre-airport entry security? We're going to turn

:22:46.:22:51.

that this issue now. The first of the two targets in Brussels was the

:22:52.:22:55.

airport. In response Gordon alluded to this, security has been stepped

:22:56.:23:01.

up. This is Frankfurt, one of Germany's busiest airports. This is

:23:02.:23:06.

Amsterdam. You can see the heavy security. This is Rome's main

:23:07.:23:09.

airport. These are short-term responses, but in the long-term, a

:23:10.:23:13.

lot of people are asking this question:

:23:14.:23:19.

"I have a feeling this could be the beginning of Europe-wide airport

:23:20.:23:26.

security checks before we enter the airport." Here's our transport

:23:27.:23:30.

correspondent with a report on just these issues.

:23:31.:23:37.

They're image that's will inevitably frighten travellers, the attackers

:23:38.:23:41.

focussing on soft targets, airports, underground trains. Just like in

:23:42.:23:45.

London, a decade ago, picking on ordinary people. But can you ever

:23:46.:23:53.

make the transport system safe? We're all familiar with airport

:23:54.:23:58.

security checks like these. But critically, the Brussels bombers

:23:59.:24:02.

never went through them. The thing is, there are still large parts of

:24:03.:24:06.

airports, before you get to security, that are effectively big,

:24:07.:24:10.

open, public places where anybody can walk in, carrying a bag and

:24:11.:24:17.

posing as a passenger. It's not just airports. It's the underground

:24:18.:24:20.

network as well. It's big railway stations. The reality is it's nigh

:24:21.:24:26.

on impossible to keep the whole transport network completely safe.

:24:27.:24:32.

Already you'll see more police patrolling Britain's railway

:24:33.:24:36.

stations and airports. The Prime Minister insisting they're well

:24:37.:24:39.

prepared. If there is information that implies there's a direct threat

:24:40.:24:43.

to the United Kingdom, then we'd raise the security threat level even

:24:44.:24:48.

higher than it is today. But it already stands at severe, which

:24:49.:24:51.

means we believe an attack is highly likely. That has been the case for

:24:52.:24:55.

some time. We will continue to keep the situation under review. Some

:24:56.:25:01.

airports, especially in the Middle East, screen passengers before

:25:02.:25:05.

they're allowed into the building. Every time you come up with a

:25:06.:25:08.

solution, there's always a problem associated with it... The former

:25:09.:25:13.

head of security at Heathrow says that can create its own problems.

:25:14.:25:17.

You'd be building up queues outside the terminal. Then you're massing

:25:18.:25:23.

agroup of people, which are another perfect target for a bomber or

:25:24.:25:27.

drive-by shooter. Experts say the best way to stop this is to know the

:25:28.:25:32.

attack's coming in advance, through surveillance and tip-offs. Tonight

:25:33.:25:37.

the Government's warning Britons not to travel to Brussels unless

:25:38.:25:42.

essential. If you want to follow this story

:25:43.:25:46.

online, there's a live page running through the BBC News app and the BBC

:25:47.:25:50.

News we site. I'm back with you in a couple of minutes, with ongoing

:25:51.:25:53.

coverage of these Brussels attacks.

:25:54.:25:56.

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