30/12/2016 Breakfast


30/12/2016

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Hello, this is Breakfast, with Steph McGovern and Charlie

:00:00.:00:00.

Russia warns of retaliation as 35 of its diplomats are expelled

:00:00.:00:11.

from the US over the hacking scandal.

:00:12.:00:15.

President Obama's ordered the sanctions after claims Moscow

:00:16.:00:17.

interfered in America's presidential elections.

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Good morning, it's Friday, 30 December.

:00:35.:00:37.

Also this morning: Learner drivers will be allowed on motorways

:00:38.:00:40.

The Government says the plans will improve road safety.

:00:41.:00:46.

Prescribing pets - why senior nurses are calling

:00:47.:00:48.

for more animals to be used as part of patients' treatment.

:00:49.:00:56.

I guess it is a bit of normality because we have dogs at home, so to

:00:57.:01:02.

have won in hospital is quite nice. It is reckoned we are using 300,000

:01:03.:01:10.

tonnes of card over the Christmas period. I am at a recycling plant to

:01:11.:01:16.

see what happens to all the stuff we have been chucking into the bin.

:01:17.:01:18.

In sport: Swansea's City's search for a new manager continues,

:01:19.:01:23.

with Ryan Giggs the latest name to be ruled out of the running.

:01:24.:01:26.

Wales boss Chris Coleman also appears to be out of reach.

:01:27.:01:29.

And the challenge of filming series three of Sherlock in front

:01:30.:01:32.

of the fans, Benedict Cumberbatch tells us how he copes with his ever

:01:33.:01:36.

It is kind of peculiar because there is this excitement and expectation

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and if you raise an eyebrow you get a cheer.

:01:45.:01:46.

Yes, I am at the Tower of London, and it won't be me on ice only this

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morning, frosty to the south and east with dense patches of fog. Much

:01:58.:02:01.

more mild elsewhere, and all other details to come with the forecast to

:02:02.:02:07.

the end of the year and the start of a brand-new one in 15 minutes.

:02:08.:02:10.

President Obama has ordered the expulsion of 35 Russian

:02:11.:02:12.

diplomats in response to alleged interference

:02:13.:02:14.

in the American presidential election.

:02:15.:02:15.

Moscow has denied the allegations of cyber attacks, and said

:02:16.:02:18.

its response will cause the United States "significant

:02:19.:02:20.

Our correspondent Laura Bicker sent this report from Washington.

:02:21.:02:35.

Russia stands accused of trying to help Donald Trump become president.

:02:36.:02:42.

Moscow had been warned but now it is being punished for interfering in US

:02:43.:02:47.

elections. America's top intelligence agencies believe a

:02:48.:02:50.

cyber attack on the e-mails of Hillary Clinton's closest aides was

:02:51.:02:54.

orchestrated by the highest levels of Russian government. At Mr Trump

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has always questioned the evidence. Once a hack if you don't catch them

:02:59.:03:04.

in the act, you won't catch them. You don't know if it is Russia or

:03:05.:03:08.

China or somebody, it could be somebody sitting in a bed. At the

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FBI and CIA both agree the hackers they say were Russian and now Mr

:03:14.:03:18.

Trump is softening his stance. In a statement he said... President Obama

:03:19.:03:35.

said all Americans should be alarmed. He has ordered that 35

:03:36.:03:40.

officials are expelled. They are believed to have close links with

:03:41.:03:45.

Russian intelligence. They had a 72 hours to leave the country. And he

:03:46.:03:48.

is closing two Russian compounds, one in New York and the other in

:03:49.:03:52.

Maryland. White House officials said Russia had to pay a price for weight

:03:53.:03:56.

they described as an extra dairy attack on US democratic elections.

:03:57.:04:02.

President Obama warned that further action is to come at a time of his

:04:03.:04:08.

choosing. Russia described the closing of its US compounds as the

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death throes of political corpses and want it will hit back.

:04:13.:04:15.

Learner drivers are to be allowed on motorways for the first time

:04:16.:04:18.

under new Government plans to improve road safety.

:04:19.:04:20.

The Department of Transport is launching a seven week

:04:21.:04:23.

consultation on the proposed changes from today.

:04:24.:04:25.

It says the idea is designed to improve awareness and experience

:04:26.:04:28.

The proposed changes to both driver and motorcyclist training,

:04:29.:04:41.

says the government, would improve safety

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For drivers, changes would mean that competent learners will be able

:04:44.:04:49.

to have lessons on motorways with an approved driving instructor

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The biggest proposed changes are reserved for motorcyclists.

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The compulsory basic training course, which allows them to ride

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unaccompanied on roads, would be updated.

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Motorcycle training would also move more online with novice riders

:05:05.:05:07.

having to take a theory test and those holding a provisional

:05:08.:05:10.

motorcycle licence would also have their CBT certificates revoked

:05:11.:05:12.

if they get more than six penalty points.

:05:13.:05:23.

The motoring organization, the RAC, have welcome the proposals,

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saying Britain's roads are already amongst the safest in the world,

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and that changes are needed to help modernise driver

:05:29.:05:31.

And in around an hour we'll be talking to the RAC Foundation

:05:32.:05:35.

A nationwide ceasefire has come into force in Syria

:05:36.:05:42.

between the government and rebel factions.

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Fighting is said to have stopped in much of the country

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but there have been reports of some clashes.

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A number of organisations are not covered by the truce,

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And we'll be getting more reaction to developments on the ceasefire

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with a security expert, Afshin Shahi, at 6:40am this

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The Prime Minister has distanced herself from highly critical remarks

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made by the US Secretary of State, John Kerry, about Israel.

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In a speech on Wednesday, Mr Kerry described Benjamin Netanyahu's

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government as the most right wing in the country's history,

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and accused it of jeopardising the peace process.

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But Downing Street said it was "not appropriate" to attack

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the composition of the democratically elected government

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National Parks in England have lost a quarter of their government

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funding in the past five years, according to research by the Press

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Campaigners warn it could threaten the areas for future generations,

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but the government says their budgets are protected until 2020.

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With stunning scenery and rare wildlife, 19 million people visit

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them every year but England's national parks have had their

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funding cut in recent times, down by a quarter since 2010. Areas loved by

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many and described by the government as national treasures simply are not

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getting the cash they used to. Figures show the grants given to

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nine out of 10 national parks in England have been shrinking, it

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reduced by more than ?10 million over five years. With inflation

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factored in that is a real terms cut of up to 40%. In a statement the

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department for environment, food and left as says... There are efforts to

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bring in more money by bringing in more visitors. There is a government

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plan for encouraging school trips and overseas tourists. Campaigners,

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though, point to information centres closing, bus services being axed and

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staff cuts in some national parks. They say they will need to be more

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cash so the beauty of the parks can be enjoyed by generations to come.

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Newly released government files shows sentries at Faslane naval base

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were ordered to shoot suspected intruders,

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after three people broke into a nuclear submarine.

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The Prime Minister at the time, Margaret Thatcher, who was told

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of the order, said she was "horrified"

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Faslane, home to Britain's nuclear submarines and one of the most

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secure military establishments in Britain. Also, you would think. Yet

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in October 1980 83 anti- nuclear demonstrators broke into the base at

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night and got aboard a nuclear sub. Documents released at the national

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archives show the Prime Minister was appalled. When Mrs Thatcher was

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first told of the security breach the thing that evidently horrified

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her most was that the intruders had managed to get into the core group

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-- control room of the Polaris submarine. Adviser Charles Powell

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wrote, had there been armed terrorist the consequences would

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have been incalculable. And Mrs Thatcher herself noted that the top

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of the page, I am utterly horrified. We could all have been put in

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Greenwich -- grave danger. Pilares was the forerunner of today's

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Trident, the vessel was HMS Repulse. Phil Jones, then a young peace

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activist, was one of the demonstrators. He says they were

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astonished at how easy it was, and shock. When the commander of the

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submarine came into the control room, and he was shouting at us, who

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first F are you? F are you? Over and over again it could have been

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outrageous because they were still active. The files show a listening

:09:51.:09:54.

or security failures starting with the perimeter fence. As a result of

:09:55.:10:01.

the incident Royal Marines entries were given orders to shoot anyone

:10:02.:10:04.

suspected of trying to damage the sub but it didn't stop the same

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thing happening again at least twice, once in 2002, once in 2014.

:10:09.:10:12.

If you've been anywhere near social media over the last few months

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you can't have missed the mannequin challenge.

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Countless sports stars, celebrities, politicians and even NHS staff have

:10:18.:10:20.

posed for the videos, but now French astronaut

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Thomas Pesquet has taken the challenge to new heights.

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Yes, he is on a 6-month mission aboard the International Space

:10:32.:10:38.

Station. Look at this, he showed his crewmates taking part in the

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challenge. They are 240 miles above the earth. How can you keep still?

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Well, looking carefully, they have anchored, each of them have anchored

:10:50.:10:54.

themselves, haven't they, to give the effect, and it looks like a

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still image. Yeah. As opposed to a new moving image. Absolutely.

:11:00.:11:08.

Talking about Swansea city's continued search for a manager.

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Thinking about Welsh football and you think Ryan Giggs and Kris

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Commons. You were talking earlier that his wife has macro -- his wife

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has text to say that she is after a move away from cloudy Wales to some

:11:29.:11:33.

foreign sunshine. Ryan Giggs has been ruled out of the running as a

:11:34.:11:35.

successor to Bob Bradley at Swansea. Giggs had been the early favourite,

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alongside Wales manager Chris Coleman, who has indicated

:11:38.:11:39.

he'll remain with the national Jonathan Kodjia's late penalty

:11:40.:11:42.

earned Aston Villa a 1-1 draw with Leeds United and maintained

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their unbeaten home record In tennis, Rafael Nadal makes

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a winning return from his latest injury setback with a straight sets

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victory over Tomas Berdych in Abu Andy Murray plays David

:11:53.:11:56.

Goffin later today. And in darts, 16-time world champion

:11:57.:12:00.

Phil Taylor sets up a quarter-final against Raymond van Barneveld

:12:01.:12:03.

in the PDC World Championship It wouldn't be Christmas, would it,

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without some darts on the telly. That is a good point, actually.

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Let's have a look at this morning's papers.

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What have you got? The Daily Mail is talking about council tax bills and

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it says thousands of families face eye watering council tax rises or

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16% and it says here as Town Hall is what super-sized hikes, one of the

:12:37.:12:40.

Whitehall editors in the Daily Mail. On the front of the Daily Telegraph,

:12:41.:12:44.

the main story they have got is Theresa May, the Prime Minister,

:12:45.:12:47.

adding her comments to the comments of John Kerry, who is the outgoing

:12:48.:12:53.

Secretary of State, who you might remember recently spoke about the

:12:54.:12:58.

situation with Israel, and she is distancing herself from some of his

:12:59.:13:01.

comments. Interesting times, of course, with the new president about

:13:02.:13:07.

to come into office. And another story that happen overnight which

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the paper have picked up on is the ceasefire and it is saving the

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Syrian regime and the opposition have agreed to a nationwide

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ceasefire brokered by Turkey and Russia. That is the story we are

:13:18.:13:20.

talking about on the programme this morning and it is on the front of

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the Guardian. And a lovely picture of the Singing in the Rain star

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Debbie Reynolds who has died a day after the death of her daughter

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carry feature. A beautiful picture of them -- Carrie Fisher. In the

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correspondence page of the Mail, people write in with sports

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questions. Sometimes little trivia. The question is, is their a

:13:44.:13:47.

disproportionate number of professional cricketers who are

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left-handers compare to other sports and they have looked at the

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statistics and 8% - 10% of the human population is born left-handed. If

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you look at cricket about a quarter of all cricketers are left-handed

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and many of them actually choose to play cricket left-handed. If you

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look at the England setup, Alistair Cook, Stuart Broad, Ben Stokes and

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Moeen are right-handed and they choose to play left-handed and I

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wondered if there is any other walk of life where you would be

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left-handed, or right-handed and choose to be left-handed.

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Ambidextrous. Why would they choose to be left-handed? They are

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difficult to field against. It is like playing a left-handed tennis

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player, isn't it, they have a different strength. And then if

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everyone does it, they are all going to... Yeah, and is at the field for

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the left-handed batsmen. It obviously give them an advantage or

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people would not choose to play cricket left-handed. Oddly I am

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right-handed generally and right-handed if I play cricket.

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Well, there you go. It is no choice, I cannot play any other way. I

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cannot play either side equally. See what I mean? I was wondering if

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there is anyone out there who has something where they are

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right-handed and they do it left-handed or if they are

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left-handed and they actually do it right-handed. It is intriguing,

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isn't it? Yeah. If you think about golf, there are few left-handed golf

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players and Phil Mickelson is right-handed and he plays

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left-handed. I wonder if anyone else... Yeah, they will be. Your

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left-handed righthanders or you right-handed left-handers. I always

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like these stories about missing dog found, 60 mile journey, a dog made a

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2-month journey, went missing, a bird -- border collie who

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disappeared in Lincolnshire, being looked after by a friend, oh,

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imagine how awful you would feel, it goes missing for two months and had

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various sightings over a period of time and eventually got a call from

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a supermarket 60 miles away and the dog was found. Casey is found, has

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dropped almost half of her weight, her fur was matted. OK? OK. That is

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a good Christmas story. The dog returns. Exactly.

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You're watching Breakfast from BBC News.

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The Kremlin has warned it will retaliate for President Obama's

:16:08.:16:11.

expulsion of 35 Russian diplomats from the United States.

:16:12.:16:15.

Learner drivers are to be allowed on motorways for the first time -

:16:16.:16:18.

under new Government plans to boost road safety

:16:19.:16:27.

With frosty weather across the country this week,

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we've sent Matt to the ice rink at the Tower of London.

:16:31.:16:35.

It is incredibly blues out. How beautiful. That morning. Good

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morning. It does look misty as well to add to the eeriness down here

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this morning. The tower itself, 1000 years of dramatic history has been

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played out and there will be dramatic skating later on as I will

:16:54.:16:57.

show you. As I said, this morning, we have the highest behind us. Frost

:16:58.:17:02.

around southern and eastern areas but the main problem for some of

:17:03.:17:06.

you, special across the South and East will be fog. Some dense patches

:17:07.:17:12.

of fog this morning across the Midlands and East Anglia, southern

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England. Nasty on the roads in some places. A few delays at airports

:17:17.:17:20.

once again. It will take awhile to shift. Some good linger all day

:17:21.:17:25.

long. Away from that is actually comparatively mild. The temperatures

:17:26.:17:30.

at -3 -4 across some parts of the south-east. A lot of cloud to the

:17:31.:17:36.

north and west of the country. A wet day to come across the Highlands and

:17:37.:17:41.

the Hebrides. Temperature here is much higher than will be further

:17:42.:17:48.

south. Only around three or four Celsius weather fog lingers across

:17:49.:17:52.

the south and the east. Away from the north of Scotland will be dry. A

:17:53.:17:56.

few spots of rain and drizzle around the western areas but an increase of

:17:57.:18:00.

minus lighting across northern Scotland of rain continues. Breeze

:18:01.:18:04.

will pick up at times as well and then into Saturday morning still a

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little bit cold and misty across the south and east. A mild start to New

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Year's Eve elsewhere. A lot of cloud throughout the day and the best is

:18:15.:18:21.

to the east of high ground. For Scotland it rain pushes south into

:18:22.:18:24.

southern Scotland and into Northern Ireland by the end of the afternoon

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and evening. Breezy conditions with it and starting to turn colder from

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the north. If your eye out celebrating New Year's Eve just take

:18:34.:18:37.

a look at what you can expect. After a wet day across much of Scotland it

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looks like the skies will take us towards midnight. A few showers

:18:42.:18:44.

across the north and west but most will be dry the poll. Rain in the

:18:45.:18:48.

northern England through our new youth evening as we head 2017. Wait

:18:49.:18:55.

for one or two but it looks like across parts of East Anglia and the

:18:56.:18:59.

south it will be mild to finish the year. Temperature still around eight

:19:00.:19:03.

or nine degrees as the bells bring in the new year. In Wales, mild but

:19:04.:19:09.

windy and wet as specially across the north and western areas. Cardiff

:19:10.:19:14.

made a dry until after midnight. Northern Ireland will have had rain

:19:15.:19:18.

early in the evening with clear skies to finish the year. Those cold

:19:19.:19:22.

conditions will push through gradually on New Year's Day. Cloudy

:19:23.:19:26.

and wet through parts of New Year's Day across parts of England and East

:19:27.:19:32.

Anglia. Lots of sunshine around at a wintry showers and mixture of race

:19:33.:19:35.

leader Helen Snow into lower levels close parts of Scotland. Away from

:19:36.:19:39.

that there will be sunshine and will fill mightily chilly. Chillier than

:19:40.:19:43.

it is across northern Scotland today although down here look old at the

:19:44.:19:47.

moment, especially on ice. I will have more throughout the morning and

:19:48.:19:51.

so the time being it is back to Charlie and Stephanie. You had a

:19:52.:19:56.

light beam behind your head through all of that that made you look like

:19:57.:20:01.

a Christmas angel. I am an angel. You know that. He looks gorgeous.

:20:02.:20:06.

Now Christmas is over, it's time for the big clean up.

:20:07.:20:09.

Between us we've used 300,000 tons of card and paper during the festive

:20:10.:20:18.

Separating out all the rest cycling. I spent about an hour doing that

:20:19.:20:25.

yesterday. Apparently we use of 300,000 tons of carbon paper during

:20:26.:20:29.

the festive season, or mixed up together. Some can be recycled but

:20:30.:20:32.

not all of it. Sean's at a recycling plant this

:20:33.:20:33.

morning in the West Midlands for us It looks fabulous but I bet it does

:20:34.:20:45.

not smell very nice. Funnily enough you get used to it after a short

:20:46.:20:49.

amount of time. It is not as strong as you might think because it is the

:20:50.:20:53.

recycling stuff that everybody has put in. What they do here at this

:20:54.:20:59.

plant is they separate it all here. People at home do not have to be

:21:00.:21:04.

doing it in all the different bins. It all goes into one, plastic, tin,

:21:05.:21:09.

cups, that stuff and here it goes through machinery and then people

:21:10.:21:11.

are starting to separate it manually. It is a big process.

:21:12.:21:16.

300,000 tons of card as you say being used all across the festive

:21:17.:21:23.

period. That if you take big Benn, a quarter of million Big Benz could be

:21:24.:21:27.

with that amount of card. 2 million of the angel of the north. The good

:21:28.:21:36.

news is around 80% of this card is recycled but processes like this. On

:21:37.:21:44.

the whole of the household was still only recycle 45% of the stuff that

:21:45.:21:47.

is going through our house around the Christmas period. Actually,

:21:48.:21:51.

stuff like this, would you believe, this is going in the big pot. I had

:21:52.:21:56.

to make sure it goes to the right one. General waste. Stuff like that

:21:57.:21:59.

but they need to split here. Over the morning I will look at just how

:22:00.:22:04.

complicated a deal this is for companies like this one. The

:22:05.:22:08.

question of course this week is glitter. If it is now wrapping paper

:22:09.:22:12.

on your present, what you do with it? How of a problem is that in this

:22:13.:22:17.

recycling process and those use the product in the end? That is what we

:22:18.:22:21.

would discuss this morning. Somewhere in here I will probably

:22:22.:22:25.

find a card for Charlie from Steffe. I did not send him one. And I would

:22:26.:22:36.

not throw it away, either. A mesmerising to watch it. The new

:22:37.:22:40.

glitter was a problem. We will find out more later on.

:22:41.:22:43.

Allowing pets in to hospitals can help patients with mental health

:22:44.:22:46.

problems, according to a survey by the Royal College of Nursing.

:22:47.:22:49.

60% of nurses said the presence of animals also seemed to speed

:22:50.:22:52.

Holly Hamilton has been along to Southampton hospital to see how

:22:53.:22:56.

one four-legged friend has been making an impression

:22:57.:22:58.

Meet Leo. He is a volunteer here at Southampton General Hospital and a

:22:59.:23:21.

very popular one at that. Oh, yes. He says hello. He and his handler,

:23:22.:23:27.

Lindsey, have been delivering therapy to patients and their

:23:28.:23:32.

families for the last four years. A dog in a hospital environment is an

:23:33.:23:35.

incredible social lubricant so you end up talking to people you would

:23:36.:23:39.

never ever talked to in a normal course of the day. It is a

:23:40.:23:42.

partnership. Nobody would be interested in me coming along and he

:23:43.:23:46.

cannot drive a car. We come together and it is a privilege for me to have

:23:47.:23:51.

a dog who can come and do this. Hang on. From lowering blood pressure to

:23:52.:23:56.

reducing anxiety and stress the benefits of an animal assisted

:23:57.:24:01.

therapy have been documented. Bringing a smile to the face of this

:24:02.:24:07.

child is enough. We were told he had a condition that was permanent brain

:24:08.:24:12.

damage and he probably would not expect much more than what we had,

:24:13.:24:17.

which was a little bit of eye movement. That is when they

:24:18.:24:21.

introduced Leo and he smiled for the first time, didn't he? It is a

:24:22.:24:27.

medicine in its own right. As soon as you tell Oscar that Leo was

:24:28.:24:31.

coming and he brightens up and he smiles and it is nice to see. One of

:24:32.:24:37.

Leo's says patience he was Alice. When she was initially diagnosed

:24:38.:24:41.

with a rare form of liver cancer she refused to leave her bedroom. And

:24:42.:24:45.

then she met Leo. Took a picture of Leo and took it to show her and I

:24:46.:24:50.

said look, the next time, if you want to see Leo you have to come out

:24:51.:24:55.

of your room and she did. It was lovely. He has been in our journey

:24:56.:24:59.

for four years, almost. It was nice to have a dog in the hospital. How

:25:00.:25:07.

does it help you? Normality. We have dogs at home ourselves so having won

:25:08.:25:12.

in hospital is nice. He is nice to cuddle. And it is not just dogs. In

:25:13.:25:19.

a survey over 50% of nurses said they had worked with animals and

:25:20.:25:23.

nearly all of them agreed it was a benefit to the patient. Despite

:25:24.:25:28.

that, almost 25% said no animals and loud at their pace of work. The

:25:29.:25:31.

connection that people have with animals can be far more profound

:25:32.:25:34.

than it is with the doctors and nurses and their parents or the

:25:35.:25:38.

people who love them. As a nurse and as a human being I think we have to

:25:39.:25:44.

think about what else can we do that would make a difference to helping

:25:45.:25:48.

people get well. Or as they do not get well, make their day better.

:25:49.:25:51.

Some people may have some reservations. It is important that

:25:52.:25:56.

there are rules and regulations around how it works. I have been

:25:57.:26:01.

here all morning watching the way that the children here have reacted

:26:02.:26:08.

to Leo and to Lindsey and it has made their day. It has made those

:26:09.:26:16.

people's day. Say cheese! Some argue that this type of treatment is a

:26:17.:26:20.

temperate sixth. The Leo's patients are happy for him to keep coming

:26:21.:26:22.

back. He is so cute. And you can see Leo

:26:23.:26:32.

absolutely loves it as well. And the difference that the family said that

:26:33.:26:36.

the hospital has made. Quite interesting and thank you very much

:26:37.:26:40.

to the hospital for allowing us into see that. Let's see what's coming up

:26:41.:26:42.

a little later on. Still to come this morning we'll

:26:43.:26:46.

hear from Benedict Cumberbatch about the new series

:26:47.:26:49.

of Sherlock, which is set to be It has been fantastically rich and

:26:50.:26:56.

challenging and that is the thing that keeps us coming back for more.

:26:57.:26:58.

We'll hear more from him later in the programme.

:26:59.:27:01.

Time now to get the news, travel and weather where you are.

:27:02.:30:23.

Hello, this is Breakfast, with Steph McGovern and Charlie

:30:24.:30:33.

Coming up on Breakfast today: Highlighting the damage smoking does

:30:34.:30:42.

to the heart, a new campaign begins today to get people to quit.

:30:43.:30:45.

Also this morning: Sean will be at a recycling plant to take a look

:30:46.:30:53.

at what happens to all of our waste from Christmas.

:30:54.:30:56.

He'll be finding out what we can and can't send there.

:30:57.:30:58.

And it's being billed as the new Downton Abbey.

:30:59.:31:01.

We'll speak to actor Steven Mackintosh who stars

:31:02.:31:03.

in the new wartime drama, The Halcyon.

:31:04.:31:05.

But now a summary of this morning's main news.

:31:06.:31:11.

Russia has promised to respond to the expulsion of 35

:31:12.:31:13.

of its diplomats from Washington, amid a bitter dispute over alleged

:31:14.:31:16.

interference by the Kremlin in the American presidential election.

:31:17.:31:19.

Obama believes Russia used cyber hacking to try and discredit

:31:20.:31:22.

Hilary Clinton a claim denied by President Putin.

:31:23.:31:24.

Moscow says retaliatory measures would be considered.

:31:25.:31:35.

Our correspondent Laura Bicker sent this report from Washington.

:31:36.:31:38.

Russia stands accused of trying to help Donald Trump become president.

:31:39.:31:43.

Moscow had been warned but now it's being punished for interfering

:31:44.:31:46.

America's top intelligence agencies believe a cyber attack

:31:47.:31:51.

on the e-mails of Hillary Clinton's closest aides was orchestrated

:31:52.:31:53.

by the highest levels of Russian government.

:31:54.:31:55.

But Mr Trump has always questioned the evidence.

:31:56.:31:59.

Once they hack, if you don't catch them in the act,

:32:00.:32:04.

You don't know if it is Russia or China or somebody,

:32:05.:32:10.

it could be somebody sitting in a bed some place.

:32:11.:32:20.

But the CIA and FBI both agree, the hackers they say were Russian

:32:21.:32:23.

and now Mr Trump is softening his stance.

:32:24.:32:25.

President Obama said all Americans should be alarmed.

:32:26.:32:37.

He's ordered that 35 officials are expelled.

:32:38.:32:41.

They're believed to have close links with Russian intelligence.

:32:42.:32:45.

They have just 72 hours to leave the country.

:32:46.:32:48.

And he's closing two Russian compounds, one in New York

:32:49.:32:51.

White House officials said Russia had to pay a price

:32:52.:32:55.

for what they described as an extraordinary attack

:32:56.:32:57.

President Obama warned that further action is to come at a time

:32:58.:33:04.

Russia described the closing of its US compounds as the death

:33:05.:33:15.

throes of political corpses, and warned it will hit back.

:33:16.:33:18.

Learner drivers are to be allowed on motorways for the first time

:33:19.:33:21.

under new Government plans to improve road safety.

:33:22.:33:28.

The Department of Transport is launching a seven week

:33:29.:33:31.

consultation on the proposed changes from today.

:33:32.:33:32.

It says the idea is designed to improve awareness and experience

:33:33.:33:35.

The proposed changes to both driver and motorcyclist training,

:33:36.:33:43.

says the government, would improve safety

:33:44.:33:45.

For drivers, changes would mean that competent learners will be able

:33:46.:33:49.

to have lessons on motorways with an approved driving instructor

:33:50.:33:52.

The biggest proposed changes are reserved for motorcyclists.

:33:53.:33:55.

The compulsory basic training course, which allows them to ride

:33:56.:33:58.

unaccompanied on roads, would be updated.

:33:59.:34:00.

Motorcycle training would also move more online with novice riders

:34:01.:34:03.

having to take a theory test and those holding a provisional

:34:04.:34:06.

motorcycle licence would also have their CBT certificates revoked

:34:07.:34:08.

if they get more than six penalty points.

:34:09.:34:19.

The motoring organization, the RAC, have welcome the proposals,

:34:20.:34:21.

saying Britain's roads are already amongst the safest in the world,

:34:22.:34:24.

and that changes are needed to help modernise driver

:34:25.:34:26.

A nationwide ceasefire has come into force in Syria

:34:27.:34:41.

between the government and rebel factions.

:34:42.:34:43.

Fighting is said to have stopped in much of the country

:34:44.:34:46.

but there have been reports of some clashes.

:34:47.:34:48.

A number of organisations are not covered by the truce,

:34:49.:34:50.

Jeremy Corbyn has used his New Year's message to warn

:34:51.:34:56.

against a Brexit deal that he says only protects bankers

:34:57.:34:59.

Mr Corbyn said 2016 would be defined by the decision to leave

:35:00.:35:04.

the European Union and warned that Labour would not allow

:35:05.:35:06.

the government to negotiate a deal his party did not agree with.

:35:07.:35:13.

Newly released government files reveal that guards at Faslane naval

:35:14.:35:16.

base were ordered to shoot suspected intruders,

:35:17.:35:18.

after three people broke into a nuclear submarine.

:35:19.:35:20.

The Prime Minister at the time, Margaret Thatcher, who was told

:35:21.:35:23.

of the order, said she was "horrified"

:35:24.:35:25.

Counting down to 2017 will take longer than usual this

:35:26.:35:38.

New Year's Eve as clock experts compensate for a slowdown

:35:39.:35:41.

To be precise, it will last an extra second.

:35:42.:35:44.

For the 27th time the National Physics Laboratory has brought

:35:45.:35:47.

in a leap second to ensure that time based on the Earth's rotation does

:35:48.:35:50.

not lag behind time kept by atomic clocks.

:35:51.:36:06.

Does it mean you have to start at 11 the new countdown? Yeah, or starts

:36:07.:36:18.

10 and leave a gap. Minus one. It is complicated, isn't it? Carol will

:36:19.:36:24.

know. A second making all of that difference? Amazing, isn't it? You

:36:25.:36:31.

know when we were talking about left-handed righthanders and

:36:32.:36:34.

right-handed left-handers. Cricket statistics showed there are more

:36:35.:36:37.

left-handers in cricket than you would imagine. Yes, and around 8%-

:36:38.:36:44.

10% are left-handed, but in cricket one quarter play left-handed, and

:36:45.:36:49.

like you, Charlie, many choose to play left-handed. I have loads of

:36:50.:36:53.

people getting in touch. Our very own political correspondent Chris

:36:54.:36:59.

Mason says everything is left-handed and footed a part from writing,

:37:00.:37:03.

which I blame for my terrible writing. The only thing he does

:37:04.:37:09.

right-handed isn't writing. And Nick Miller, our weatherman, right-handed

:37:10.:37:13.

but play cricket and golf left-handed, which is why I am no

:37:14.:37:18.

good. Same as me. Vince says it isn't a sports based but I play

:37:19.:37:22.

left-handed because when he was little he taught himself to play

:37:23.:37:25.

guitar watching in the mirror. Oh, I get it. He is right-handed, but he

:37:26.:37:32.

plays left-handed. Tina says that both my children do everything

:37:33.:37:35.

right-handed, but they eat left-handed. Don't you eat both

:37:36.:37:40.

handed? Does it mean they hold their knives and forks in different hands?

:37:41.:37:46.

Oh, I see what you mean. Maybe it is specific to eating soup. I will

:37:47.:37:50.

clarify that. Keep sending them in. I will read out some more. We will

:37:51.:37:52.

move on to the sport. Swansea have ruled Ryan Giggs out

:37:53.:37:54.

of the running as a successor to Bob Giggs had been the early favourite,

:37:55.:37:58.

alongside Wales manager Chris Coleman, who has indicated

:37:59.:38:00.

he'll remain with the national team. Bayern Munich assistant Paul Clement

:38:01.:38:03.

and ex-Birmingham boss Gary Rowett are now the front runners

:38:04.:38:06.

to take over after Bradley Whoever comes in has to be the right

:38:07.:38:19.

man. I suppose ideally he would be British, knowing the Premier League.

:38:20.:38:23.

You know, they have to be satisfied he feels the criteria for getting us

:38:24.:38:27.

out of the trouble we find ourselves in.

:38:28.:38:28.

Aston Villa are still unbeaten at home in the Championship,

:38:29.:38:31.

after they denied Leeds United the chance to go third.

:38:32.:38:34.

Leeds have been on good form, and they went ahead in the second

:38:35.:38:37.

But four minutes from time, they conceded a penalty.

:38:38.:38:41.

Jonathan Kodja put it away to level for Villa.

:38:42.:38:47.

World player of the year Cristiano Ronaldo has turned down

:38:48.:38:51.

an offer of ?85 million a year to leave Real Madrid for an unnamed

:38:52.:38:54.

Chinese club, according to his agent.

:38:55.:38:56.

The news came on the day that Argentina striker Carlos Tevez

:38:57.:38:59.

joined Shanghai Shenhua, becoming one of the highest paid

:39:00.:39:02.

The Chinese Super League club will pay him ?615,000 a week.

:39:03.:39:13.

Andy Murray's season starts today, he'll face David Goffin

:39:14.:39:23.

in the semi-finals of the World Tennis Championship in Abu

:39:24.:39:26.

Murray got a bye into the last four but Goffin had to come past

:39:27.:39:30.

Jo-Wilfried Tsonga, winning in straight sets.

:39:31.:39:32.

And Rafael Nadal made a good start to his latest comeback from injury,

:39:33.:39:35.

dropping only four games as he beat Tomas Berdych.

:39:36.:39:38.

A wrist injury had troubled Nadal throughout 2016,

:39:39.:39:40.

but there were no signs of rustiness.

:39:41.:39:42.

He faces Milos Raonic in the semi-finals.

:39:43.:39:44.

In darts, Phil Taylor set up a tantalising quarter-final

:39:45.:39:46.

against Raymond van Barneveld at the PDC World Championship.

:39:47.:39:49.

Taylor, a 16-time world champion, beat Kim Huybrechts 4-2 at Alexandra

:39:50.:39:52.

He and van Barneveld are long-standing rivals.

:39:53.:39:54.

The Dutchman tweeted: "El Classico is on.

:39:55.:39:56.

And finally, Serena Williams has used the social media platform

:39:57.:40:08.

Reddit to announce that she is engaged

:40:09.:40:10.

It caps off a year in which Serena won her seventh Wimbledon singles

:40:11.:40:15.

title and 22nd Grand Slam singles title.

:40:16.:40:17.

One of the games greatest ever players made the announcement

:40:18.:40:20.

She said he took her to Rome, where they first met,

:40:21.:40:24.

Of course she said yes! She wouldn't be Reddting at about a proposal in

:40:25.:40:38.

which she said no. It would be a bit awkward. That is lovely news, isn't

:40:39.:40:43.

it? Isn't it nice? It is great to see her happy. Thank you very much.

:40:44.:40:49.

We will see you a little bit later on. The time now is 6:40am. And a

:40:50.:40:55.

bus has overturned on the M40 this morning. A Highways Agency said

:40:56.:41:00.

those on the coaches suffered minor injuries and the AA urges caution

:41:01.:41:04.

for those heading on the roads in these freezing conditions and of

:41:05.:41:10.

course Matt will keep us updated on what's happening with the weather

:41:11.:41:14.

this morning, but AA says to be careful on the roads this morning.

:41:15.:41:18.

Yes, we will bring you any more details as soon as we can.

:41:19.:41:20.

Late last night a ceasefire in Syria came in to force between government

:41:21.:41:24.

Most of the country was calm in the first few hours of the truce,

:41:25.:41:29.

but there have been reports of some clashes.

:41:30.:41:31.

The deal was brokered by Russia and Turkey,

:41:32.:41:33.

but a number of organisations aren't covered by the truce,

:41:34.:41:36.

Joining us now is Dr Afshin Shahi, who's a security and terrorism

:41:37.:41:41.

expert from the University of Bradford.

:41:42.:41:47.

Good morning. Good morning. Thank you for joining us. We have been

:41:48.:41:56.

here before with these fires not holding in the past. Do you think

:41:57.:42:00.

this one will hold? As you know, 2016 proved to be a very green here,

:42:01.:42:08.

not only for the world, but also for Syria -- grim year. We had a number

:42:09.:42:12.

of failed attempts only last year. And of course, in this very

:42:13.:42:17.

desperate situation, when we have to be optimistic, if there is any

:42:18.:42:20.

opportunity to change the situation on the ground in Syria we have to

:42:21.:42:26.

endorse it by all means. Although I am being very optimistic, but at the

:42:27.:42:30.

same time I am being realistic. Despite the fact that there are some

:42:31.:42:35.

good vibes in the international community at the moment, and we have

:42:36.:42:39.

heard some good news from important capitals in the region, and

:42:40.:42:43.

certainly from Russia, but there are some serious challenges on the

:42:44.:42:47.

ground. As we just mentioned, I mean, they called it a kind of

:42:48.:42:51.

nationwide ceasefire, but when you look at it you see that a number of

:42:52.:42:57.

very, very important players, like Islamic State, like Al-Qaeda, like

:42:58.:43:01.

the Kurdish forces in northern Syria, they are completely excluded

:43:02.:43:06.

from this deal. When we are talking about ceasefire, I mean, ceasefire

:43:07.:43:10.

can only be affected when you are dealing with two different clear

:43:11.:43:14.

sides. But the Syrian Civil War isn't conflict between two different

:43:15.:43:19.

sides, it is a multifaceted and multi dimensional conflict. There

:43:20.:43:24.

are in fact too many players and different forces, local, regional

:43:25.:43:29.

and trans- regional forces that are affecting every facet of this

:43:30.:43:33.

conflict. So, the fact that Syria, sorry, Russia and Turkey are

:43:34.:43:38.

endorsing and guaranteeing this ceasefire, that doesn't mean we are

:43:39.:43:41.

going to see a guaranteed result within the next few weeks. We have

:43:42.:43:47.

two parts to the equation, the longer term gain, which clearly is

:43:48.:43:51.

ultimately the most important, and right now, today, tomorrow, the next

:43:52.:43:56.

few weeks, we saw some images are moment ago of the devastation in

:43:57.:44:00.

Syria, there might be some respite, the opportunity for some help to get

:44:01.:44:04.

in and some aid to get into a period of time. It is definitely an

:44:05.:44:09.

opportunity when it comes to humanitarian issues. The other thing

:44:10.:44:12.

which makes the situation slightly more optimistic this time, which is

:44:13.:44:17.

a little bit different from the situation last year, because finally

:44:18.:44:20.

we can see a change on the ground. Because until about last year, when

:44:21.:44:24.

we were looking at the situation in Syria, no one seemed to have the

:44:25.:44:29.

upper hand militarily. And no side has an upper hand, then it is

:44:30.:44:34.

difficult to come up with a political compromise. But now

:44:35.:44:38.

finally we see a paradigms shift, we finally see change on the ground.

:44:39.:44:43.

Clearly, Bashar al-Assad and his allies have the upper hand

:44:44.:44:48.

militarily. So, maybe this is a situation which eventually will pave

:44:49.:44:52.

the way to some kind of political compromise, which obviously can ease

:44:53.:44:56.

the humanitarian situation as well. So, you are cautiously optimistic as

:44:57.:45:00.

blueberry cautiously optimistic. Thank you very much for your time

:45:01.:45:02.

this morning. -- as well. Hitting the weather now from Matt on

:45:03.:45:17.

the ice. You would want to be nice to have a go at this. I do have a

:45:18.:45:23.

certain style, don't I? Thank you for helping me they are. We are down

:45:24.:45:28.

at the Tower of London this morning on the ice of course so down here

:45:29.:45:33.

until Tuesday. Another cold start across the south and east of the

:45:34.:45:39.

country. Wait red frost again with dense patches of fog around as well.

:45:40.:45:43.

All leading to a difficult commute across the south and east of the

:45:44.:45:48.

country. That is have a look at the forecast this morning. The forecast

:45:49.:45:54.

is for dense patches of fog in southern England in particular. The

:45:55.:45:57.

fog will last from good part of the day and it will have problems on the

:45:58.:46:01.

roads and for some of the airports. Away from that it is fog free. Mild

:46:02.:46:08.

as it will be all day long. The best will be to the north-east of Wales.

:46:09.:46:12.

North-east England in the north-east of Scotland. You might as around the

:46:13.:46:18.

Hebrides, Auckland and she learned it will be with you all day long.

:46:19.:46:22.

That average ranges from chilly three or four degrees Celsius

:46:23.:46:28.

potentially 13 or 14 degrees around the Murray Firth. Tonight will be

:46:29.:46:34.

mild except to the south-east corner. Again we could see a touch

:46:35.:46:38.

of frost and fog around. Not as extensive as recent nights but you

:46:39.:46:41.

notice the rain is still there across the north of Scotland? Windy

:46:42.:46:45.

there as well and for most it will be a frost free start to New Year's

:46:46.:46:50.

Eve. If you have plans for the evening, we will see much of England

:46:51.:46:55.

and Wales dry. Scotland and Northern Ireland have a different story. The

:46:56.:46:59.

heavy rain that starts in the north will move down towards the south of

:47:00.:47:03.

Scotland and north Island in the late afternoon and evening. For most

:47:04.:47:08.

a mild end to New Year's Eve and, of course, an important evening ahead.

:47:09.:47:12.

Let's look at what many expect as we head towards midnight. If you are

:47:13.:47:17.

celebrating across parts of Scotland there will be clear skies at

:47:18.:47:22.

midnight after a wet day. Very cold however and with a couple of wintry

:47:23.:47:26.

showers. Expect rain in the north of England and by the end of the day

:47:27.:47:32.

but across much of the Midlands and East Anglia, southern England,

:47:33.:47:35.

compared to the past few nights it will be a good deal milder than it

:47:36.:47:39.

has been. Lots of cloud in most places will be dry to see in the New

:47:40.:47:44.

Year as will be the case in the south-west. Possibly one or two

:47:45.:47:48.

spots of drizzle. If you celebrate across Wales, part Cardiff a new

:47:49.:47:52.

pool be fined a further west in it will be wild and windy. Rain early

:47:53.:47:56.

in the evenings and Northern Ireland with clear skies to take us into

:47:57.:48:01.

2017. It will fill cold across Scotland and Northern Ireland as we

:48:02.:48:05.

did midnight on that cold weather spreads to all during New Year's

:48:06.:48:09.

Day. Across the south of England will be cloudy with patchy rain and

:48:10.:48:12.

a lot of sunshine around but sunshine, rain Tomic fleet and hail

:48:13.:48:17.

across northern England and Scotland. Milder but then cold again

:48:18.:48:28.

as we hit 2017. We were wondering, what are you wearing? It is a retro

:48:29.:48:37.

all in one ski suit. I think I look great. All the kids are wearing it.

:48:38.:48:43.

I love that he had to clarify that it was retro. Charlie, you are lost

:48:44.:48:49.

for words. I think we need a name for it. You sit a weather romper

:48:50.:48:58.

suit? We could market it as a womper. Are you going to go for

:48:59.:49:06.

another shuffle? Would you guys come and take me off again? Let me be

:49:07.:49:13.

whisked away. This year is how we travel on eyes. I will be back in 30

:49:14.:49:19.

minutes. I love how he is clinging on. It has only just begun. A

:49:20.:49:25.

morning on the ice with Matt. Between us we've used around 300,000

:49:26.:49:30.

tons of card during the festive season for things like packaging

:49:31.:49:34.

and of course Christmas cards. We've sent Sean to a recycling plant

:49:35.:49:39.

in the West Midlands to find out Good morning. It is all hands to the

:49:40.:49:57.

pump here. The busiest time of year, unsurprisingly, at this recycling

:49:58.:50:02.

plant. What they do here is a load of mixed stuff. People at home are

:50:03.:50:06.

able to put their plastic, their team, their paper, all in the same

:50:07.:50:10.

thing and it is brought here and they do the separating here. Not the

:50:11.:50:14.

same for everybody around the country. But the issue is to get

:50:15.:50:17.

things like this in here that clutter it. That is why we have

:50:18.:50:21.

people here doing a load of the picking. We can talk to Simon who

:50:22.:50:24.

helped run this whole operation. Simon, I am still seeing bits of

:50:25.:50:27.

wrapping paper with glitter shiny bits on it. How big an issue this

:50:28.:50:34.

week is it? If a lorry arrives with glitter, what do you do? Glitter

:50:35.:50:40.

itself does not cause a lot of problems in this plan. What it is a

:50:41.:50:44.

problem for is going into the product that goes to the paper

:50:45.:50:48.

mills. They can work with glitter and contaminates the final product.

:50:49.:50:52.

That is why we do not want to see glitter coming through in our

:50:53.:50:56.

products. This product owing to the paper mill is that how you mean

:50:57.:51:02.

money? Exactly. We extract valuable material out of the stream,

:51:03.:51:05.

separated and they go on to be resold and that is what forms the

:51:06.:51:10.

economics of this plan. I will let you keep an eye on it. Keep an eye

:51:11.:51:15.

out for any of your presence. About 80% of the card we get over

:51:16.:51:19.

Christmas is recycled but how much can the packaging industry do about

:51:20.:51:24.

that to help reduce it? Let's speak to Neil who represents the card and

:51:25.:51:27.

packaging industry. A busy time of year for you? Yes. Sugar industry be

:51:28.:51:38.

doing more to -- sugar industry do more to encourage people to use

:51:39.:51:44.

less? I don't think so. In a way we encourage people to use less because

:51:45.:51:48.

if it were not the correct packaging there would be a long haul waste

:51:49.:51:51.

arising from damaged products and food that was not eaten. The cost of

:51:52.:51:57.

the environment of waste product is immensely more than ever the cost

:51:58.:52:00.

could be of recovering packaging. How about the companies that benefit

:52:01.:52:04.

from the huge amount of packaging? So many online deliveries now, far

:52:05.:52:08.

more packaging than there used to be. Should they be doing more,

:52:09.:52:11.

paying more to help go through this process is so much you need to

:52:12.:52:16.

recognise that what happens in society is that industry and

:52:17.:52:19.

manufacturers respond to what consumers need. If consumers have

:52:20.:52:23.

decided that they need a product delivered to them at home then it is

:52:24.:52:28.

recognised that the packaging will be required to insure the product

:52:29.:52:31.

arrives at home and saying conditions the left manufacturer,

:52:32.:52:34.

will be necessary otherwise would arrived damaged and again you have

:52:35.:52:38.

more waste. Over the rest of the morning we will be doing scrunch

:52:39.:52:42.

testing. That is how you can tell of your wrapping paper is recyclable or

:52:43.:52:46.

not. And try not to put any glitter in the recycle bins. Could I

:52:47.:52:56.

clarify, there is no ban on glitter? No, no. I will doublecheck but I

:52:57.:53:00.

think glitter is still allowed as long as we don't put Carol in the

:53:01.:53:06.

recycling bin. Can you imagine that? She would put up a fight.

:53:07.:53:08.

For fans of the world's only consulting detective the wait

:53:09.:53:10.

The new series of Sherlock begins on New Year's Day.

:53:11.:53:14.

Details and plot lines have been kept a closely guarded secret,

:53:15.:53:17.

but the show's writers have described this fourth series

:53:18.:53:19.

Breakfast's Tim Muffett has been to meet the star of the show

:53:20.:53:27.

Benedict Cumberbatch to see if he can squeeze out

:53:28.:53:30.

Lovely to see you. I am sure there are many things you can not tell us

:53:31.:53:39.

about this new series. Almost everything. What can you tell us? I

:53:40.:53:46.

am in a new series, series four of Sherlock. It is exciting and it has

:53:47.:53:50.

been fantastically challenging and new and that is the thing that keeps

:53:51.:53:58.

us coming back for more. Your daemons have been waiting for a very

:53:59.:54:03.

long time. When you see a script for the first time, what happens?

:54:04.:54:08.

Firstly you are amazed at the imagination of the work that has

:54:09.:54:14.

gone into this. And then you start picking out the details that relate

:54:15.:54:18.

to the original stories and then just a beautiful or character arcs.

:54:19.:54:23.

A screaming demanding they be woken up at all hours. It must be very

:54:24.:54:30.

different. Sorry, what? All you do is clean up their mess, pat them on

:54:31.:54:35.

the head. You to joking? So change since you began this. Social media

:54:36.:54:40.

was around but not as big as it is now. Today we have been seen from

:54:41.:54:44.

the scene is shot outside and there are crowds were tweeting about it.

:54:45.:54:49.

How does that affect production? What we uses Baker Street is

:54:50.:54:56.

peculiar because there is excitement and expectation and if you raise an

:54:57.:55:00.

eyebrow you get a cheer. You also have to complete a day's filming and

:55:01.:55:06.

they are respectful about that. Does it put you off your character

:55:07.:55:11.

rattle? No, no. It could be a lot harder. You have to go pretty far

:55:12.:55:18.

too upset that character. They are incredibly loyal. What is the very

:55:19.:55:23.

worst thing you can do to your very best friends? Tell them your darkest

:55:24.:55:30.

secrets. I don't think some people realise how big globally Sherlock is

:55:31.:55:35.

including us. It everywhere I go I am shocked. I thought I would find a

:55:36.:55:40.

few people who had seen it. It was crazy. The second or third day when

:55:41.:55:45.

they realised there was an Christian Bale or someone else they were just

:55:46.:55:51.

hundreds of people sort of charging Sherlock. I'm always astonished.

:55:52.:55:58.

What is the most unusual place you have been spotted as Sherlock. That

:55:59.:56:03.

would have to be one of them. Visiting Tibetan Buddhist monk. It

:56:04.:56:12.

was bizarre. We were the ones who are the privileged audience and he

:56:13.:56:16.

was acting as if he was privileged. It was very weird. She is better at

:56:17.:56:23.

this than you are. I text at her. She is a retired superagent with

:56:24.:56:30.

terrifying skills. Of course she is better. This programme seems to go

:56:31.:56:33.

everywhere and I am thrilled about that. The stories, they had a

:56:34.:56:38.

massive worldwide audience, the original books. I guess it is an

:56:39.:56:43.

extension of that but with modern media. So... Yeah. That looks

:56:44.:56:50.

exciting. Sherlock returns to our screens on New Year's Day. It is

:56:51.:56:55.

half past eight on BBC One. Time now for

:56:56.:00:19.

Hello, this is Breakfast, with Steph McGovern and Charlie

:00:20.:00:22.

Russia warns of retaliation as 35 of its diplomats are expelled

:00:23.:00:25.

from the US over the hacking scandal.

:00:26.:00:27.

President Obama's ordered the sanctions after claims Moscow

:00:28.:00:29.

interfered in America's presidential elections.

:00:30.:00:52.

Good morning, it's Friday, 30 December.

:00:53.:00:56.

Also this morning: 17 people are taken to hospital with minor

:00:57.:00:59.

injuries after a coach overturns on the M40 in Oxfordshire.

:01:00.:01:02.

Drivers are being warned to use extreme caution in the freezing

:01:03.:01:05.

Prescribing pets - why senior nurses are calling

:01:06.:01:13.

for more animals to be used as part of patients' treatment.

:01:14.:01:20.

I guess it is a bit of normality, isn't it, because we have dogs

:01:21.:01:24.

at home, so to have one in hospital is quite nice.

:01:25.:01:27.

It is reckoned we are using 300,000 tonnes of card over

:01:28.:01:30.

I am at a recycling plant to see what happens to all the stuff

:01:31.:01:35.

Ryan Giggs the latest name to be ruled out of the running.

:01:36.:01:51.

Swanswea looking for more experience.

:01:52.:01:54.

Yes, I am at the Tower of London, and it won't be me on ice only this

:01:55.:02:02.

morning, frosty to the south and east with dense patches of fog.

:02:03.:02:11.

What are the prospects as we finish the year and head into the next one?

:02:12.:02:19.

President Obama has ordered the expulsion of 35 Russian

:02:20.:02:22.

diplomats in response to alleged interference

:02:23.:02:23.

in the American presidential election.

:02:24.:02:25.

Moscow has denied the allegations of cyber attacks, and said

:02:26.:02:28.

its response will cause the United States "significant

:02:29.:02:30.

Our correspondent Laura Bicker sent this report from Washington.

:02:31.:02:36.

Russia stands accused of trying to help Donald Trump become president.

:02:37.:02:42.

Moscow had been warned but now it's being punished for interfering

:02:43.:02:45.

America's top intelligence agencies believe a cyber attack

:02:46.:02:52.

on the e-mails of Hillary Clinton's closest aides was orchestrated

:02:53.:02:55.

by the highest levels of Russian government.

:02:56.:02:56.

But Mr Trump has always questioned the evidence.

:02:57.:03:02.

Once they hack, if you don't catch them in the act,

:03:03.:03:05.

You don't know if it is Russia or China or somebody,

:03:06.:03:09.

it could be somebody sitting in a bed some place.

:03:10.:03:17.

But the CIA and FBI both agree, the hackers, they say,

:03:18.:03:20.

and now Mr Trump is softening his stance.

:03:21.:03:23.

President Obama said all Americans should be alarmed.

:03:24.:03:38.

He's ordered that 35 officials are expelled.

:03:39.:03:40.

They're believed to have close links with Russian intelligence.

:03:41.:03:46.

They have just 72 hours to leave the country.

:03:47.:03:49.

And he's closing two Russian compounds, one in New York

:03:50.:03:52.

White House officials said Russia had to pay a price

:03:53.:03:56.

for what they described as an extraordinary attack

:03:57.:03:58.

President Obama warned that further action is to come at a time

:03:59.:04:02.

Russia described the closing of its US compounds as the death

:04:03.:04:15.

throes of political corpses, and warned it will hit back.

:04:16.:04:28.

17 people have been taken to hospital after a coach overturned

:04:29.:04:31.

South Central Ambulance Service says the driver and passengers have

:04:32.:04:35.

Let's get the latest from Simon Jones. What's details are emerging?

:04:36.:04:50.

This happened at 2:45am this morning and was declared a major incident.

:04:51.:04:54.

17 people taken to hospital, the driver and 16 passengers. The course

:04:55.:05:01.

of it is not clear, but the pictures we can see, people involved had a

:05:02.:05:06.

lucky escape, that was the message from highways England, they say at

:05:07.:05:09.

the moment they feel the injuries are only minor, so people have been

:05:10.:05:16.

lucky. But there was a thick fog at the time and there was a warning for

:05:17.:05:20.

four this morning in the south-east of England and the south of England,

:05:21.:05:23.

so that will be part of the investigation as to what the

:05:24.:05:28.

conditions were like. Just a couple of days ago there was a crash in fog

:05:29.:05:34.

on the A40 in Oxfordshire which involved 20 vehicles, leading to one

:05:35.:05:39.

person losing their life, so 17 taken to hospital in the incident

:05:40.:05:43.

this morning in the early hours but we are told only minor injuries.

:05:44.:05:49.

Thank you for that and of course we will keep you up-to-date on the

:05:50.:05:54.

stories this morning. And we will hear from Matt at about the weather

:05:55.:05:56.

later on too. Learner drivers are to be allowed

:05:57.:06:02.

on motorways for the first time under new Government plans

:06:03.:06:05.

to improve road safety. The Department of Transport

:06:06.:06:07.

is launching a seven week consultation on the proposed

:06:08.:06:10.

changes from today. It says the idea is designed

:06:11.:06:12.

to improve awareness and experience The proposed changes to both driver

:06:13.:06:15.

and motorcyclist training, says the government,

:06:16.:06:19.

would improve safety For drivers, changes would mean that

:06:20.:06:21.

competent learners will be able to have lessons on motorways

:06:22.:06:25.

with an approved driving instructor The biggest proposed changes

:06:26.:06:27.

are reserved for motorcyclists. The compulsory basic training

:06:28.:06:33.

course, which allows them to ride unaccompanied on roads,

:06:34.:06:36.

would be updated. Motorcycle training would also move

:06:37.:06:42.

more online with novice riders having to take a theory test

:06:43.:06:45.

and those holding a provisional motorcycle licence would also

:06:46.:06:48.

have their CBT certificates revoked if they get more than

:06:49.:06:50.

six penalty points. The motoring organization, the RAC,

:06:51.:06:54.

have welcome the proposals, saying Britain's roads are already

:06:55.:06:56.

amongst the safest in the world, and that changes are needed

:06:57.:06:59.

to help modernise driver The Prime Minister has distanced

:07:00.:07:02.

herself from highly critical remarks made by the US Secretary of State,

:07:03.:07:15.

John Kerry, about Israel. In a speech on Wednesday, Mr Kerry

:07:16.:07:18.

described Benjamin Netanyahu's government as the most right wing

:07:19.:07:20.

in the country's history, and accused it of jeopardising

:07:21.:07:23.

the peace process. But Downing Street said it was "not

:07:24.:07:25.

appropriate" to attack the composition of the

:07:26.:07:28.

democratically elected government A nationwide ceasefire has

:07:29.:07:30.

come into force in Syria between the government

:07:31.:07:42.

and rebel factions. Fighting is said to have stopped

:07:43.:07:43.

in much of the country but there have been

:07:44.:07:46.

reports of some clashes. A number of organisations are not

:07:47.:07:49.

covered by the truce, Our correspondent Lina Sinjab

:07:50.:07:51.

joins us from Beirut. Lina, how significant

:07:52.:08:00.

is this cease fire? Well, it is very significant,

:08:01.:08:12.

especially because the announcements came from President Vladimir Putin

:08:13.:08:15.

himself, which means that he is putting all of this weight behind

:08:16.:08:19.

the deal. You know, the fashions on the ground have agreed on this, it

:08:20.:08:23.

is not only rush hour, it is a brokered by Russia and Turkey, Iran

:08:24.:08:28.

is involved, and there were meetings between Russia and many other

:08:29.:08:32.

fighters are agreed and signed this paper -- factions. So far we heard

:08:33.:08:36.

that there was a few cases of sporadic shooting but it is holding

:08:37.:08:40.

and we are still in the early hours of this deal. It is not only a

:08:41.:08:45.

ceasefire deal but it is also laying the ground for political discussions

:08:46.:08:49.

that may take place next month. All the people I have been talking to

:08:50.:08:53.

overnight I really holding their breath because they are really

:08:54.:08:57.

hoping that the ceasefire will work. They are tired of the war. The

:08:58.:09:01.

question is there are some factions not included as you mention. Not

:09:02.:09:05.

only the so-called Islamic State, also for Turkey the codes are

:09:06.:09:12.

considered terrorists. The government, the al-Nusra front and

:09:13.:09:19.

Al-Qaeda, the groups they say are affiliated to them are not included.

:09:20.:09:23.

We have seen in the past government forces have been bombarding all

:09:24.:09:28.

rebel held areas, so the concern is if they will continue to do so in

:09:29.:09:31.

claiming they are fighting terrorists. The question is how

:09:32.:09:36.

Russia will be able to control the government and make them adhere to

:09:37.:09:39.

this deal. Thank you very much. National Parks in England have lost

:09:40.:09:42.

a quarter of their government funding in the past five years,

:09:43.:09:45.

according to research by the Press Campaigners warn it could threaten

:09:46.:09:49.

the areas for future generations, but the government says their

:09:50.:09:52.

budgets are protected until 2020. Newly released government files

:09:53.:09:54.

shows sentries at Faslane naval base were ordered to shoot

:09:55.:10:09.

suspected intruders, after three people broke

:10:10.:10:11.

into a nuclear submarine. The Prime Minister at the time,

:10:12.:10:13.

Margaret Thatcher, who was told of the order, said

:10:14.:10:16.

she was "horrified" And you might hear a little noise in

:10:17.:10:26.

the ground, it is not Charlie, it is a furry friend, Scamp, who has

:10:27.:10:34.

joined us on the sofar. Yes, this is Scamp -- sofa. Scamp had a couple of

:10:35.:10:39.

things to say and he was making his presence felt. Hospitals are full of

:10:40.:10:46.

high-tech equipment to treat people who are ill, but could it help with

:10:47.:10:48.

someone with a visit from a pet? Senior nurses are calling today

:10:49.:10:51.

for much more use of animals Here's an example of how it can

:10:52.:10:53.

change people's lives. Hang on, the gonna go? We were told

:10:54.:11:03.

he had a condition that was permanent brain damage, and he

:11:04.:11:09.

probably -- we probably wouldn't expect more than what we have then,

:11:10.:11:13.

a little eye movement, and that is when they introduced Theo, and he

:11:14.:11:19.

smiled for the first time, didn't he screen it is medicine in its own

:11:20.:11:25.

right. -- did and he? If you tell him Theo is coming in, he brightens

:11:26.:11:29.

up and it is just nice to see. Lovely to see.

:11:30.:11:35.

Our guest Dan McCormack had severe depression after suffering

:11:36.:11:38.

You suffered three years ago a very bad head injury. Yeah. In hospital

:11:39.:11:51.

for a while? I was, yes. How were you at that stage? I was in hospital

:11:52.:11:56.

for several weeks and obviously the recovery continued, obviously, after

:11:57.:12:03.

I came out of hospital. Obviously before the accident I was quite an

:12:04.:12:09.

outgoing chap, and basically resulting from the accident I turned

:12:10.:12:15.

basically into a recluse. Obviously it was mentioned at the time I might

:12:16.:12:20.

occupational therapist at the time that I got a purpose and obviously

:12:21.:12:27.

through looking on the dog trust website at the time, and careful

:12:28.:12:33.

consideration it was thought that obviously, yeah the benefits he has

:12:34.:12:39.

given me and getting me out and about again, meeting people that

:12:40.:12:45.

probably wouldn't speak to me, and doing things like this, basically.

:12:46.:12:49.

It has made a real difference? Massive difference to my confidence,

:12:50.:12:58.

even to the fact of obviously when I am not feeling great I am still

:12:59.:13:05.

suffering from time to time with low mood and Scamp will pick me up, and

:13:06.:13:13.

he picks up on it. Is he desperate to get offset? He can see my mum.

:13:14.:13:21.

Well, I will tell you what, if you want to let him go, he won't go far?

:13:22.:13:27.

Do you want to go and see mum? Oh, look at him go! I was well

:13:28.:13:32.

impressed, that. How common is this story Chris -- this story Chris?

:13:33.:13:45.

They are just not judgemental Musso it is, after brain injury to be

:13:46.:13:50.

mistaken as someone who is drunk, problems with slurred speech or

:13:51.:13:55.

balance, and dogs don't care if you can get the words out, they don't

:13:56.:14:00.

care if you put your make-up on, and it is about having purpose as well,

:14:01.:14:06.

so when my lovely aunt Winnie was around, her motivation to get up in

:14:07.:14:11.

the morning was to feed her cats. And that makes a big difference,

:14:12.:14:16.

doesn't it? Yeah, absolutely. You have felt especially low on Sundays

:14:17.:14:21.

and Scamp has made the difference? Yeah, on quite a number of

:14:22.:14:26.

occasions. The accident was in 2014 and between then and now there have

:14:27.:14:30.

been a good few days. The recovery is still ongoing. And, yeah, like

:14:31.:14:37.

you say, if it hadn't have been for Scamp, I say it from my heart, I

:14:38.:14:42.

would have given up, it has been a tough fight. It isn't easy and I

:14:43.:14:45.

appreciate what people are going through, similar things to what I

:14:46.:14:49.

have gone through, if not worse. It is really clear how much of a

:14:50.:14:53.

difference Scamp has made for you. Is there evidence it makes a

:14:54.:14:56.

difference with people's treatment and welfare? There is anecdotal

:14:57.:15:03.

evidence that people benefit from having animals around, certainly

:15:04.:15:06.

around people having purpose to their day, and often we find they

:15:07.:15:12.

will care for something more than ourselves, so having the purpose of

:15:13.:15:17.

getting up and feeding the dog, things like Tom you know, if you

:15:18.:15:20.

don't feel like going for a walk, you have to go for a walk to get

:15:21.:15:26.

fresh air and feed the dog, and, you know, I worked with a man who had a

:15:27.:15:31.

stroke early in his 20s and he worked with the donkey, he had lost

:15:32.:15:36.

his vision and his donkey would walk him around the field and he is

:15:37.:15:40.

convinced his donkey knew that he was suffering and he would kind of

:15:41.:15:45.

walk slowly within. You see, Scamp has come back, and even having a dog

:15:46.:15:50.

in the studio, one of the things it does is it engages youth, it gives

:15:51.:15:54.

you something, it could be a person ideally, and in this case it is a

:15:55.:15:59.

pet to engage with and that makes a big difference, doesn't it? Yes. He

:16:00.:16:04.

has been so well-behaved sofar. There is a supply of food down here.

:16:05.:16:11.

We saw some of the youngsters in hospital taking dogs into hospital

:16:12.:16:15.

and it was so lovely to see that interaction, I can imagine it making

:16:16.:16:21.

a big difference? Going into a hospital, yeah, I could see why,

:16:22.:16:28.

obviously through my own experience, and even people have stopped me in

:16:29.:16:37.

my local park and they also, there was a lady I know who has had a

:16:38.:16:43.

stroke and she has a dog and that has given her purpose, same as me.

:16:44.:16:49.

Well, it is lovely to see you this morning and, Scamp, look at that,

:16:50.:16:54.

just as we finish, he has come back and it is almost, Dan, as if you

:16:55.:17:00.

have control of him yourself. It is lovely to see you this morning,

:17:01.:17:05.

thank you very much. Thanks, Scamp! If you hear any noise as you will

:17:06.:17:09.

know that we have not got Scamp out of the studio! I don't mind. He is

:17:10.:17:12.

quite comforting, isn't he? You're watching

:17:13.:17:15.

Breakfast from BBC News. The Kremlin has warned it

:17:16.:17:17.

will retaliate for President Obama's expulsion of 35 Russian diplomats

:17:18.:17:21.

from the United States. 17 people have been taken to

:17:22.:17:35.

hospital with minor injuries after a bus crash in Oxfordshire.

:17:36.:17:43.

The update on Scamp is that he is directly beneath us. Come on, come

:17:44.:17:54.

on, here we go. He has found a secret supply of biscuits, hasn't

:17:55.:17:56.

it? With frosty weather

:17:57.:17:59.

across the country this week, we've sent Matt to the ice rink

:18:00.:18:01.

at the Tower of London. Matt has got a penguin as well! This

:18:02.:18:15.

is my Jane Torvill. Good morning from the Tower of London. Lovely

:18:16.:18:19.

scene from the moat of this ancient tower that stretches back to 1066

:18:20.:18:26.

when it was all sorted out and built. Fairly dramatic scenes have

:18:27.:18:29.

happened here over the years. There could be a bit of drama later if I

:18:30.:18:33.

do eventually take to the ice properly. Very misty atmospheric

:18:34.:18:39.

morning at the moment. Dense patches of fog in the south and east and not

:18:40.:18:43.

just here where it is slippery as well. The forecast. Fog patches, as

:18:44.:18:51.

are mentioned and frost across Midlands, East Anglia. 12 or 13 in

:18:52.:19:00.

around the Murray serve. Another day of great contrasts across many

:19:01.:19:05.

northern and areas. The wettest of all will be the the Highlands. Into

:19:06.:19:12.

tomorrow, could be some minor flooding. North-east Wales and on

:19:13.:19:17.

the east England and north-east Scotland could have the best.

:19:18.:19:20.

Temperatures around 14 degrees this afternoon. Compare two in East

:19:21.:19:24.

Anglia whether Mr and fog lingers, three or four. Tonight, Mr and fog

:19:25.:19:31.

could be an issue as well across East Anglia. Missed

:19:32.:19:39.

still raining in northern parts of Scotland with savages holding up

:19:40.:19:46.

around seven or 10 degrees. -- temperatures. England and Wales

:19:47.:19:53.

largely dry. A spot of rain in the West and most should have a fine day

:19:54.:19:58.

and mild. Rain is Priddis way southwards across all parts reaching

:19:59.:20:05.

Scotland and Northern Island. -- Raynet spreads itself. If you are

:20:06.:20:11.

heading out to welcome in the bells across Scotland on New Year's Eve.

:20:12.:20:16.

Here are the conditions. Much clear across Scotland with wintry showers

:20:17.:20:20.

but cold out there if you are heading out. Northern England, it is

:20:21.:20:24.

set to reign as we head towards midnight. -- rain. It should be

:20:25.:20:33.

cloudy with a breeze developing but compared to recent days, a good deal

:20:34.:20:42.

milder. Eight or nine degrees. Newport and Cardiff may stay dry

:20:43.:20:45.

until after midnight. The north and west could be wet and breezy.

:20:46.:20:51.

Northern Ireland, you lose the rain from the evening and we finished the

:20:52.:20:55.

day and finish the year on a largely clear note but a few wintry showers.

:20:56.:21:00.

It will feel cold and feeling much colder for most into New Year's Day.

:21:01.:21:05.

A bit of cloud across southern parts of England and East Anglia with

:21:06.:21:08.

patchy rain and the result. Elsewhere, some of sunshine and

:21:09.:21:13.

showers across the northern half, it could be wintry. Sleet and snow and

:21:14.:21:18.

a covering of snow even lower levels of Scotland. The higher ground of

:21:19.:21:22.

north-east England as well. That's how it's looking. Come on, then.

:21:23.:21:33.

He looks good, doesn't he? He looks the part. That penguin has never

:21:34.:21:40.

looked so scared in its life. I don't blame it, either.

:21:41.:21:47.

Now Christmas is over, it's time for the big clean up.

:21:48.:21:53.

Between us we've used 300,000 tons of card and paper during the festive

:21:54.:21:57.

season - but not all of it can be recycled.

:21:58.:22:00.

Sean's at a recycling plant this morning in the West Midlands

:22:01.:22:04.

for us to find out what happens to it all.

:22:05.:22:23.

What they do here separated at all. It allows people at home to put the

:22:24.:22:29.

recycling all in one box was Doctor plastics, the teams, the papers. A

:22:30.:22:33.

lot of people around the country may be more familiar with using their

:22:34.:22:37.

own separated bins at home. -- all the plastic. It ends up you get

:22:38.:22:45.

worse for wear pics in these boxes and here at other pickers making

:22:46.:22:48.

sure that that doesn't happen. 3.5 thousand tons of card. We are

:22:49.:22:55.

talking a quarter of a million Big Ben could be covered.

:22:56.:23:02.

Or the Angel of the North more than two million times.

:23:03.:23:05.

But according to the packaging industry, manufacturers have been

:23:06.:23:08.

reducing the amount that they use over the years.

:23:09.:23:11.

The big story this year is glitter. Our glitter expert for the day.

:23:12.:23:17.

Wrapping paper expert. How much of an issue is wrapping paper for

:23:18.:23:22.

recycling places like this? Most householders don't know they can

:23:23.:23:32.

recycle not so they assume they can. We probably lose more because we are

:23:33.:23:36.

on the safe side. If householders and new, it would be better and they

:23:37.:23:40.

probably wouldn't buy it. If we go can we show a quick scrunch test?

:23:41.:23:46.

This can be recycled. You scratch it up and it stays scrunched. This one,

:23:47.:23:56.

scrunch it up, it bounces back. That is the big difference. We'll be

:23:57.:23:59.

talking more over the morning to show what you can put in the bins

:24:00.:24:03.

and what you can't and to show why businesses like this are making

:24:04.:24:06.

money. Back with you later, thank you. That is good to know, the

:24:07.:24:11.

scrunching technique. Learner drivers could be allowed on

:24:12.:24:28.

motorways. The Department of Transport says the changes could

:24:29.:24:31.

improve road safety. We are being joined by our London newsroom. The

:24:32.:24:37.

proposition is that you will have L plates on the motorways, is that a

:24:38.:24:43.

good idea? Anything that gives young novice drivers more experience has

:24:44.:24:48.

to be welcome. It has to be done safely of course but when you go on

:24:49.:24:52.

a motorway for the first time, it can be scary. Going on with someone

:24:53.:24:56.

who is a qualified instructor, that is a good ring. But it doesn't get

:24:57.:25:00.

you anything because it is not going to become part of the test, is it?

:25:01.:25:05.

It's just the those who can afford the extra lessons to go on the

:25:06.:25:09.

motorway just because they can? We have to go one step at a time. For

:25:10.:25:14.

many years we haven't allowed people not yet through their test onto

:25:15.:25:18.

motorways. The government said that is something they want to open up

:25:19.:25:22.

and we think it's a good idea. Let's get that going and then possibly in

:25:23.:25:25.

due course we might find changes to the test along. It is extraordinary.

:25:26.:25:31.

Some people might be alarmed about the idea is L plates on the motorway

:25:32.:25:34.

but it seems more extraordinary that you can pass your test never having

:25:35.:25:39.

been on a motorway and then go on a motorway without L plates. Many of

:25:40.:25:44.

us when we think back to when we first passed our test, the first

:25:45.:25:48.

time we went a motorway, going down on that slip road and encountering

:25:49.:25:52.

all the traffic thundering along at high speed, it can be scary. That's

:25:53.:25:57.

why we would encourage people even now before this comes along, if they

:25:58.:26:02.

pass this test, yet yourselves a qualified instructor to coach you

:26:03.:26:07.

through it. Just to be clear, if Mum or dad are sitting alongside you, it

:26:08.:26:12.

doesn't mean you can have a go on a motorway? Absolutely not. This is a

:26:13.:26:17.

carefully introduced idea and many qualified people who are col --

:26:18.:26:21.

comfortable with what they are doing. Instructor alongside the

:26:22.:26:25.

novice will have to make a judgement in their mind as to whether that

:26:26.:26:29.

novice is fully able to drive on the motorway or whether they need more

:26:30.:26:34.

lessons. One more thing, we are hearing news of another accident on

:26:35.:26:42.

the M4 to, a coach crash, 17 people injured, we understand. Fog is a

:26:43.:26:47.

real issue for drivers. Certain times of year, its particular issue.

:26:48.:26:50.

Are there any guidelines are people dealing with these conditions? What

:26:51.:26:56.

we can say is thankfully our motorways are amongst the safest.

:26:57.:27:01.

This type of year, -- this time of year, when it is faulty or dark, for

:27:02.:27:07.

goodness sake, slow down, take it easy. Thank you for your time.

:27:08.:30:45.

Hello, this is Breakfast, with Steph McGovern and Charlie

:30:46.:30:48.

Russia has promised to respond to the expulsion of 35

:30:49.:30:51.

of its diplomats from Washington, amid a bitter dispute over alleged

:30:52.:30:54.

interference by the Kremlin in the American presidential election.

:30:55.:30:56.

Obama believes Russia used cyber hacking to try and discredit

:30:57.:30:59.

Hilary Clinton a claim denied by President Putin.

:31:00.:31:01.

Moscow says retaliatory measures would be considered.

:31:02.:31:08.

17 people have been taken to hospital after a coach overturned

:31:09.:31:11.

A major incident was declared as emergency services attended

:31:12.:31:15.

at around quarter to three in the morning.

:31:16.:31:17.

South Central Ambulance Service says the driver and passengers have

:31:18.:31:20.

The AA is urging "extreme caution" for those heading out on the roads

:31:21.:31:24.

Learner drivers are to be allowed on motorways for the first time

:31:25.:31:43.

under new Government plans to improve road safety.

:31:44.:31:45.

The Department of Transport is launching a seven week

:31:46.:31:48.

consultation on the proposed changes from today.

:31:49.:31:50.

It says the idea is designed to improve awareness and experience

:31:51.:31:53.

A nationwide ceasefire has come into force in Syria

:31:54.:32:02.

between the government and rebel factions.

:32:03.:32:04.

Fighting is said to have stopped in much of the country

:32:05.:32:07.

but there have been reports of some clashes.

:32:08.:32:09.

A number of organisations are not covered by the truce,

:32:10.:32:12.

Jeremy Corbyn has used his New Year's message to warn

:32:13.:32:20.

against a Brexit deal that he says only protects bankers

:32:21.:32:23.

Mr Corbyn said 2016 would be defined by the decision to leave

:32:24.:32:28.

the European Union and warned that Labour would not allow

:32:29.:32:30.

the government to negotiate a deal his party did not agree with.

:32:31.:32:37.

National Parks in England have lost a quarter of their government

:32:38.:32:40.

funding in the past five years, according to research by the Press

:32:41.:32:43.

Campaigners warn it could threaten the areas for future generations,

:32:44.:32:46.

but the government says their budgets are protected until 2020.

:32:47.:32:49.

With stunning scenery and rare wildlife, 19 million people visit

:32:50.:32:58.

them every year, but England's national parks have had

:32:59.:33:01.

their funding cut in recent times, down by a quarter since 2010.

:33:02.:33:05.

Areas loved by many and described by the government as national

:33:06.:33:08.

treasures simply aren't getting the cash they used to.

:33:09.:33:15.

Figures show the grants given to nine out of 10 national parks

:33:16.:33:18.

in England have been shrinking, reduced by more than ?10 million

:33:19.:33:21.

With inflation factored in, that's a real-terms cut

:33:22.:33:32.

In a statement, the Department for Environment, Food

:33:33.:33:35.

There are efforts to bring in more money by bringing in more visitors.

:33:36.:33:44.

There is a government plan for encouraging school trips

:33:45.:33:47.

Campaigners, though, point to information centres

:33:48.:33:54.

closing, bus services being axed and staff cuts

:33:55.:33:56.

They say there will need to be more cash so the beauty of the parks can

:33:57.:34:02.

Newly released government files reveal that guards at Faslane naval

:34:03.:34:12.

base were ordered to shoot suspected intruders,

:34:13.:34:14.

after three people broke into a nuclear submarine.

:34:15.:34:16.

The Prime Minister at the time, Margaret Thatcher, who was told

:34:17.:34:19.

of the order, said she was "horrified"

:34:20.:34:21.

Counting down to 2017 will take longer than usual this

:34:22.:34:31.

New Year's Eve as clock experts compensate for a slowdown

:34:32.:34:34.

To be precise, it will last an extra second.

:34:35.:34:38.

For the 27th time the National Physics Laboratory has brought

:34:39.:34:40.

in a leap second to ensure that time based on the Earth's rotation does

:34:41.:34:44.

not lag behind time kept by atomic clocks.

:34:45.:35:00.

So, I can't work at when the leap second is. When is it added on? It

:35:01.:35:10.

has to be specific, doesn't it? When you get to zero, you do another,

:35:11.:35:18.

maybe? You pause? What is an atomic clock? It is a clock we know nothing

:35:19.:35:25.

about. It is the special clock which works best. Oh, OK, I knew Charlie

:35:26.:35:33.

would have the answer. Please send us into tell us about what it is.

:35:34.:35:38.

People have been talking about being ambidextrous and a quarter of

:35:39.:35:41.

cricketers are left-handed, which is higher than the 8%- 10% of the

:35:42.:35:45.

population which a left-handed. Loads of people commenting this

:35:46.:35:59.

morning. Adelaide Callum, my brother was right-handed and turned

:36:00.:36:03.

left-handed. Vincent says one is left-handed and one is right-handed

:36:04.:36:12.

in relation to his brothers. And James Hat Stand, my brother copied

:36:13.:36:19.

his sister when growing up. Lots of people said playing golf and snooker

:36:20.:36:23.

they are left-handed when they write with their right-hand. Sometimes it

:36:24.:36:28.

is as simple as equipment available. You said you tried golf and picked

:36:29.:36:31.

up a left-handed set and... I think it is showing off as well. It was

:36:32.:36:36.

impressive at school when someone could write with both hands, wasn't

:36:37.:36:44.

it? Thing about Rafael Nadal, he is right-handed but he plays

:36:45.:36:47.

left-handed, because playing left-handed is so difficult to play

:36:48.:36:52.

against if you are a right-handed player. Ryan Giggs is right footed

:36:53.:36:57.

or left footed? I am going to guess right footed, but I don't know. I

:36:58.:36:59.

will have a look. Swansea have ruled Ryan Giggs out

:37:00.:37:00.

of the running as a successor to Bob Giggs had been the early favourite,

:37:01.:37:04.

alongside Wales manager Chris Coleman, who has indicated

:37:05.:37:07.

he'll remain with the national team. Bayern Munich assistant Paul Clement

:37:08.:37:10.

and ex-Birmingham boss Gary Rowett are now the front runners

:37:11.:37:12.

to take over after Bradley Whoever comes in has

:37:13.:37:15.

to be the right man. I suppose ideally he would be

:37:16.:37:18.

British, knowing the Premier League. You know, they have to be satisfied

:37:19.:37:21.

he fills the criteria for getting us out of the trouble

:37:22.:37:25.

we find ourselves in. Aston Villa are still unbeaten

:37:26.:37:28.

at home in the Championship, after they denied Leeds United

:37:29.:37:31.

the chance to go third. Leeds have been on good form,

:37:32.:37:33.

and they went ahead in the second But four minutes from time,

:37:34.:37:37.

they conceded a penalty. Jonathan Kodja put it

:37:38.:37:41.

away to level for Villa. World player of the year

:37:42.:37:50.

Cristiano Ronaldo has turned down an offer of ?85 million a year

:37:51.:37:53.

to leave Real Madrid for an unnamed Chinese club,

:37:54.:37:56.

according to his agent. The news came on the day that

:37:57.:37:58.

Argentina striker Carlos Tevez joined Shanghai Shenhua,

:37:59.:38:01.

becoming one of the highest paid The Chinese Super League club

:38:02.:38:03.

will pay him ?615,000 a week. Andy Murray's season starts today,

:38:04.:38:08.

he'll face David Goffin in the semi-finals of

:38:09.:38:16.

the World Tennis Championship in Abu Murray got a bye into the last four

:38:17.:38:19.

but Goffin had to come past Jo-Wilfried Tsonga,

:38:20.:38:23.

winning in straight sets. And Rafael Nadal made a good start

:38:24.:38:30.

to his latest comeback from injury, dropping only four games

:38:31.:38:33.

as he beat Tomas Berdych. A wrist injury had troubled

:38:34.:38:36.

Nadal throughout 2016, but there were no

:38:37.:38:38.

signs of rustiness. He faces Milos Raonic

:38:39.:38:40.

in the semi-finals. In darts, Phil Taylor set up

:38:41.:38:44.

a tantalising quarter-final against Raymond van Barneveld

:38:45.:38:47.

at the PDC World Championship. Taylor, a 16-time world champion,

:38:48.:38:49.

beat Kim Huybrechts 4-2 at Alexandra He and van Barneveld

:38:50.:38:52.

are long-standing rivals. The Dutchman tweeted:

:38:53.:38:55.

"El Classico is on. And finally, Serena Williams has

:38:56.:38:57.

used the social media platform Reddit to announce that she is

:38:58.:39:08.

engaged to its co-founder, She put it in the form of a poem:

:39:09.:39:11.

"I came home / A little late / Someone had a bag packed for me /

:39:12.:39:17.

And a carriage awaited / Destination: Rome / To escort me

:39:18.:39:21.

to my very own "charming" / Back to where our stars first collided /

:39:22.:39:24.

And now it was full circle / At the same table we first met

:39:25.:39:28.

by chance / This time he made it not by chance / But by choice / Down

:39:29.:39:32.

on one knee / He said four words/And She likes of Poland, doesn't she?

:39:33.:39:45.

Has she done that before? What, written poems? She has done that

:39:46.:39:50.

recently with Maya Angelou. -- she likes poems. Congratulations to

:39:51.:39:56.

Serena Williams. Despite multiple public health

:39:57.:39:58.

campaigns against smoking, it continues to be the biggest cause

:39:59.:40:00.

of premature death amongst adults - almost 80,000 people

:40:01.:40:03.

a year lose their lives because of the habit.

:40:04.:40:05.

So in an effort to put people off, 2017 will be the first year

:40:06.:40:09.

when all cigarettes will be sold in standardised packaging,

:40:10.:40:12.

which display graphic Public Health England is also

:40:13.:40:14.

reminding smokers their heart, In a moment, we'll talk

:40:15.:40:17.

to Dr Ranj Singh, but first he's been getting ideas from primary

:40:18.:40:22.

school children on how to encourage Not smoking is the single best thing

:40:23.:40:40.

you can do for your health. How do you stop someone smoking? If you are

:40:41.:40:50.

going to give a message to your dad if he was making, what would you

:40:51.:40:55.

write? It can kill you. I have drawn the heart of a smoker and the heart

:40:56.:41:01.

of a non-smoker. The healthy site is people who smoke and the unhealthy

:41:02.:41:05.

site is people don't smoke. Clark can build up and you could have a

:41:06.:41:11.

stroke. Please, stop smoking. Don't be the smoker, be the stop. Oh, that

:41:12.:41:19.

is so good. Welcome to the program. This is about telling us about the

:41:20.:41:22.

heart problems you can get from smoking. For a long time we have

:41:23.:41:28.

seen pictures of lungs and the damage which can be done. Will this

:41:29.:41:33.

have an impact? I think so. Research shows it does work. A lot of people

:41:34.:41:39.

will be aware of the impact of smoking on your lungs. People

:41:40.:41:42.

automatically think of lung cancer. He might not realise the effect on

:41:43.:41:46.

your heart and arteries. It increases your child of heart attack

:41:47.:41:52.

and stroke, it doubles it. There is a very real impact. 45 people every

:41:53.:41:57.

day die from smoking related cardiovascular disease and we have a

:41:58.:42:02.

lot of work to do. We have 7 million smokers in this country. Fortunately

:42:03.:42:05.

twice as many ex-smokers, but we have work to do. Who are the

:42:06.:42:14.

problem... Obviously anyone smoking, but which groups are listening

:42:15.:42:18.

leased to the messages? It might not necessarily be that they are

:42:19.:42:22.

listening but they are a high prevalence areas in the country,

:42:23.:42:26.

especially with people who work in manual and routine professions, that

:42:27.:42:30.

is who we are targeting as well as everyone else. Another group we need

:42:31.:42:34.

to look at these young people. We need to discourage young people from

:42:35.:42:38.

taking up smoking in the first place and we know that standardised

:42:39.:42:42.

packaging carrying these warnings and these targeted campaigns can

:42:43.:42:46.

work. Do we know that packaging makes a difference? My friend was

:42:47.:42:51.

smoking a cigarette the other day and there was a picture that made me

:42:52.:42:56.

say, oh, doesn't it put you off? He said, I don't notice it any more.

:42:57.:43:00.

Does that happen, smokers don't notice? I think it is a really good

:43:01.:43:06.

point. Lots of studies have been done around the world looking at

:43:07.:43:09.

that and they have shown a positive impact. Australia was one of the

:43:10.:43:13.

first countries to take this approach and they have seen a

:43:14.:43:18.

reduction in smoking rates of between 1% - 2% since the launch of

:43:19.:43:23.

their strategy. We want to see that in this country. It might not sound

:43:24.:43:27.

like a big number but it is 100,000 Australians. If you think about the

:43:28.:43:32.

wide impact on health and family, it is devastating when a carer or

:43:33.:43:36.

parent dies prematurely because of smoking. That is what these kids

:43:37.:43:40.

need to be aware of and that is what these kids are trying to stop people

:43:41.:43:45.

doing. It is interesting what works, and what remains in your mind, and I

:43:46.:43:49.

think you remember the campaign a while ago, it was the blocked artery

:43:50.:43:55.

and the ta that was in there. That really stuck in the memory. Is there

:43:56.:43:59.

an argument for having the very graphic illustrations? I am not

:44:00.:44:07.

sure, the heart campaign, is there an image which shows what smoking

:44:08.:44:11.

does to your heart? The packages contain images of the impacts

:44:12.:44:16.

smoking has. There is also a concurrent mutations campaign which

:44:17.:44:20.

is showing the cigarettes and the kind of mutations people will see

:44:21.:44:23.

when they smoke inside their bodies and those are the mutations which

:44:24.:44:27.

cause cancer and things like that. These hard-hitting campaigns can be

:44:28.:44:31.

controversial. Are you using shock tactics? No, we are using facts.

:44:32.:44:36.

People need to be aware there is no safe level of smoking. Giving up

:44:37.:44:41.

smoking is the single best thing to do for your health and there is free

:44:42.:44:46.

help available. Just go online, search for smoke-free and you'll get

:44:47.:44:50.

loads of tools and tricks. And information about how to do that.

:44:51.:44:55.

And this time of year, music -- new years resolutions. We want to be

:44:56.:45:03.

healthy this time of year. Smoking is the big thing that all of us

:45:04.:45:07.

should be looking at. Thank you for your time this morning. Nice to see

:45:08.:45:14.

you. It is also a good time of year to take something up and Matt is

:45:15.:45:18.

taking up a bit of iceskating at the Tower of London.

:45:19.:45:24.

He is an alien BIS. -- he is enabling this.

:45:25.:45:38.

Cold, misty, foggy. I have just about state on my feet. I will get a

:45:39.:45:48.

triple fracture if I'd stay on my feet. Cold and frosty against

:45:49.:45:57.

southern and eastern parts. It will have an impact on road travel and

:45:58.:46:00.

air travel across the South and east of England. Temperatures in the

:46:01.:46:05.

south and east below freezing. Double figures in the north. Most of

:46:06.:46:13.

you start the day drive but lots of rain across the Hebrides, Walkley,

:46:14.:46:21.

Shetland. Could be increased risk of flooding as we head into the next 24

:46:22.:46:26.

hours. Dry and bright breaks in the north-east of Scotland where we

:46:27.:46:31.

could around 14 or 15 compare to three degrees across parts of East

:46:32.:46:35.

Anglia where the mist and fog lingers. Still mist and fog through

:46:36.:46:41.

the south-east. Most of you will have mild night. Still wet in

:46:42.:46:45.

northern Scotland and that weather front that is bringing the rain,

:46:46.:46:50.

will bring breezy conditions. A mild enough start to New Year's Eve. The

:46:51.:46:54.

mist will lift as the breeze picks up. The rain continues in northern

:46:55.:46:59.

Scotland and if anything, New Year's Eve, it will work its way south.

:47:00.:47:09.

Turning colder once again from the north. As we head towards midnight,

:47:10.:47:13.

this is what the conditions are looking like. You have clear skies

:47:14.:47:20.

for many, very cold, a few wintry showers, the rain will have cleared

:47:21.:47:24.

that it will be their in northern England at midnight. Largely dry

:47:25.:47:29.

across the Midlands, East Anglia and the south of England. Competitor

:47:30.:47:34.

past few nights, here is not quite as misty or foggy -- compared to.

:47:35.:47:40.

The south-west should be dried apart from the odd spot of rain and

:47:41.:47:46.

drizzle. For the likes of Newport, you might see a dry New Year's Eve.

:47:47.:47:55.

To the north of the weather front, back to Northern Ireland, back to

:47:56.:47:59.

the cold air. Clearer skies for midnight. One or two showers around

:48:00.:48:04.

but most will be dry. The colder weather that we finish the year with

:48:05.:48:12.

head down. Still rain to come. Parts of southern England, East Anglia,

:48:13.:48:16.

patchy rain or drizzle. Whereas the rest of the country, lots of

:48:17.:48:20.

sunshine around stop with the showers in the coastal parts of

:48:21.:48:24.

Scotland will stop a mixture of rain, sleet and snow.

:48:25.:48:31.

Misty, foggy, frosty across the South and east. A milder spell to

:48:32.:48:38.

the run-up of New Year and things are set to turn colder. I am skating

:48:39.:48:54.

off in my lovely suit. Here we go. Don't expect a turn.

:48:55.:49:05.

That made it for me, that. By the end of the morning, we will get a

:49:06.:49:13.

jump out of Matt. He has a jump suit on. Bello it is hard to stop as well

:49:14.:49:21.

and he managed to stop and deliver the weather without falling over.

:49:22.:49:30.

Christmas wrapping, all the cardboard. It takes ages to sort

:49:31.:49:37.

out, working out of the wrapping paper and how much you can recycle

:49:38.:49:39.

and how much Between us we've used around 300,000

:49:40.:49:41.

tons of card during the festive season for things like packaging

:49:42.:49:44.

and of course Christmas cards. We've sent Sean to a recycling plant

:49:45.:49:47.

in the West Midlands to find out whereabouts are you? They still have

:49:48.:50:06.

all that to go through. It's the busiest time of year. The cards, the

:50:07.:50:11.

gift wrapping, that glitter doesn't help either. That is why these

:50:12.:50:16.

pickers are sorting through everything because the waste that

:50:17.:50:20.

comes here is all in one. Everybody's recycling, all in one.

:50:21.:50:26.

The plastic, the tins, the paper. It gets split here. What makes it

:50:27.:50:33.

awkward, it still end up with DVD players, broadband, hairdryers,

:50:34.:50:37.

getting in there. The machinery can't do it all on its own. Let's

:50:38.:50:42.

talk to a couple of people who know a little bit of why this is

:50:43.:50:47.

happening here. You represent the packaging industry. How much of this

:50:48.:50:53.

here is because of the amount of packaging that your members use when

:50:54.:50:56.

customers are buying certain products? The packaging UC has

:50:57.:51:01.

arisen because consumers have brought products that have to have

:51:02.:51:05.

packaging around them in order for the product to arrive in the

:51:06.:51:17.

condition it was intended. Margaret, you are Professor improve waste

:51:18.:51:25.

management. -- professor in weight -- waste management. People have

:51:26.:51:35.

talked about consumer responsibility. They are being

:51:36.:51:41.

incentivised to produce less, the producers. Is that an incentive?

:51:42.:51:49.

People putting the right stuff in the right bins? Remember, the

:51:50.:51:57.

products that are put on the shelves are done so because consumers buy

:51:58.:52:00.

them and therefore, manufacturers will also produce the product. A

:52:01.:52:07.

majority of packaging, certainly food packaging these days, has

:52:08.:52:11.

information on it so consumers can see how to responsibly dispose on it

:52:12.:52:16.

for recycling. The proportion of recycled material that is in

:52:17.:52:20.

packaging has increased and will continue. To consumers want to use

:52:21.:52:28.

less packaging? I think people want to do the right thing but then not

:52:29.:52:33.

always clear about what that is. We get higher recycling waste

:52:34.:52:38.

considering for most householders there is no benefit. I will be back

:52:39.:52:43.

a bit later. We will be doing more scrunch test and finding out

:52:44.:52:48.

exactly, there is still loads of shiny wrapping paper going through

:52:49.:52:49.

here, these people are working hard. Sean, does it smell? The last time I

:52:50.:53:00.

went to one of those, it absolutely wreaked. I do know whether I'm used

:53:01.:53:07.

to it but these are recyclable so there is not so much food and waste.

:53:08.:53:12.

But I don't fancy sticking my head down there.

:53:13.:53:13.

For fans of the world's only consulting detective the wait

:53:14.:53:16.

The new series of Sherlock begins on New Year's Day.

:53:17.:53:19.

Details and plot lines have been kept a closely guarded secret,

:53:20.:53:22.

but the show's writers have described this fourth series

:53:23.:53:25.

Breakfast's Tim Muffett has been to meet the star of the show

:53:26.:53:29.

Benedict Cumberbatch to see if he can squeeze out

:53:30.:53:31.

I am sure there are many things you can not tell us

:53:32.:53:39.

I am in a new series, series four of Sherlock.

:53:40.:53:45.

It is exciting and it has been fantastically challenging

:53:46.:53:47.

and new and that is the thing that keeps

:53:48.:53:52.

Your daemons have been waiting for a very

:53:53.:53:57.

When you see a script for the first time, what happens?

:53:58.:54:04.

Firstly you are amazed at the imagination of the work that

:54:05.:54:08.

And then you start picking out the details that relate

:54:09.:54:14.

to the original stories and then just the beautiful character arcs.

:54:15.:54:21.

A screaming demanding baby, waking up at all hours.

:54:22.:54:23.

All you do is clean up their mess, pat them on the head.

:54:24.:54:35.

So much has changed since you began this.

:54:36.:54:38.

Social media was around but not as big as it is now.

:54:39.:54:41.

Today we have been seen from the scene is shot outside

:54:42.:54:44.

and there are crowds were tweeting about it.

:54:45.:54:48.

What we use as Baker Street is peculiar because there

:54:49.:54:54.

is excitement and expectation and if you raise an

:54:55.:54:57.

You also have to complete a day's filming and

:54:58.:55:01.

They don't want to be an obstacle to what they eventually enjoy so much.

:55:02.:55:17.

Does it put you off your character at all?

:55:18.:55:19.

You have to go pretty far too upset that character.

:55:20.:55:24.

What is the very worst thing you can do to your very

:55:25.:55:28.

I don't think some people realise how big globally Sherlock

:55:29.:55:33.

I thought I would find a few people who had seen it.

:55:34.:55:42.

The second or third day when they realised that it wasn't

:55:43.:55:46.

Christian Bale or someone else behind the mask,

:55:47.:55:51.

there were just hundreds of people sort

:55:52.:55:52.

What is the most unusual place you have been spotted as Sherlock.

:55:53.:55:59.

We were the ones who were the privileged audience

:56:00.:56:13.

and he was acting as if he was privileged.

:56:14.:56:15.

She is a retired superagent with terrifying skills.

:56:16.:56:25.

This programme seems to go everywhere and I am

:56:26.:56:32.

The stories, they had a massive worldwide audience,

:56:33.:56:35.

I guess it is an extension of that but with modern

:56:36.:56:40.

All it back in half an hour. and weather where

:56:41.:00:20.

Hello this is Breakfast, with Steph McGovern and Charlie Stayt.

:00:21.:00:23.

Russia says it will retaliate, as 35 of its diplomats

:00:24.:00:26.

are expelled from the US over the hacking scandal.

:00:27.:00:30.

President Obama's ordered the sanctions after claims Moscow

:00:31.:00:33.

interfered in America's presidential elections.

:00:34.:00:50.

Good morning, it's Friday 30th December.

:00:51.:00:53.

17 people are taken to hospital with minor injuries after a coach

:00:54.:00:58.

overturns on the M40 in Oxfordshire - drivers are being warned

:00:59.:01:02.

to use extreme caution in the freezing conditions.

:01:03.:01:07.

Prescribing pets - why senior nurses are calling

:01:08.:01:09.

for more animals to be used as part of patients' treatment.

:01:10.:01:18.

It is a bit of normality isn't it, because we have dogs at home so to

:01:19.:01:24.

have one in the hospital is quite nice. Good morning, it is reckoned

:01:25.:01:31.

we get three 300 tonnes of card like this over the Christmas period. I am

:01:32.:01:36.

looking at all the rubbish which is trucked into our bins.

:01:37.:01:39.

In sport, Ryan Giggs is the latest name to be ruled out of the running

:01:40.:01:43.

The club have suggested they're looking for more managerial

:01:44.:01:46.

And Matt has the weather for us. Good morning, I am an ice here at

:01:47.:01:57.

the Tower of London this morning. It is not just hear that things are

:01:58.:02:02.

slippery. Southern and eastern England is rusty and foggy. It is

:02:03.:02:07.

wet in northern Scotland. Details on all of that and the prospects as we

:02:08.:02:13.

finished 2016 and start 2017. That is all coming up. Thank you.

:02:14.:02:17.

Russia has promised to respond to the expulsion of 35

:02:18.:02:22.

of its diplomats from Washington, amid a bitter dispute over alleged

:02:23.:02:25.

interference by the Kremlin in the American presidential election.

:02:26.:02:27.

Moscow has denied the allegations of cyber-attacks, and said

:02:28.:02:29.

its response will cause the United States

:02:30.:02:31.

Our correspondent Steve Rosenberg joins us from Moscow.

:02:32.:02:39.

A pretty bold move, Steve, by the United States. What has the reaction

:02:40.:02:50.

been like? Pretty furious, actually. Quite a colourful reaction from

:02:51.:02:53.

Russian officials. We have heard President Putin's spokesman of

:02:54.:02:58.

accusing the Obama administration of behaving like an elephant in a china

:02:59.:03:03.

shop. That is what they say here. We have seen a tweet from the Russian

:03:04.:03:08.

embassy in the UK with a picture of a duck with the word name over it

:03:09.:03:13.

and we have heard in the foreign agency who says America has been

:03:14.:03:18.

humiliated by its own president. So an angry reaction. We have not heard

:03:19.:03:23.

what Russia's counter sanctions will be. We do expect there to be some.

:03:24.:03:28.

The Kremlin said it will make an appropriate response. The Foreign

:03:29.:03:32.

Ministry here has spoken of countermeasures. What will be

:03:33.:03:34.

interesting I think will be the knowledge within three weeks' time,

:03:35.:03:42.

more pro-Moscow US president walks into the White House, Donald Trump,

:03:43.:03:46.

whether that will soften Moscow's response in anyway. The diplomats

:03:47.:03:50.

will be expelled from the United States. When will this happen? Is it

:03:51.:03:57.

likely to be resolved by then? They have been given 72 hours to leave

:03:58.:04:02.

the United States and I think we can expect probably some kind of

:04:03.:04:07.

tit-for-tat, possibly a similar number of US diplomats to be

:04:08.:04:11.

expelled possibly from Russia, but we will have to wait and see for the

:04:12.:04:15.

official response from the authorities here. Thank you.

:04:16.:04:26.

17 people have been taken to hospital after a coach

:04:27.:04:28.

overturned on the M40 in Oxfordshire this morning.

:04:29.:04:30.

South Central Ambulance Service says the driver and passengers have

:04:31.:04:33.

There were reports of dense fog in the area.

:04:34.:04:36.

Let's get the latest from our reporter Simon Jones

:04:37.:04:38.

What more do we know about what happened this morning? This crash

:04:39.:04:47.

happened around 2:45am this morning on the slip road near junction seven

:04:48.:04:53.

of the M40, that is near Thame in Oxfordshire. We know the driver was

:04:54.:04:58.

taken to hospital along with 16 of the passengers on board that coach

:04:59.:05:02.

which was from the Oxford bus company. We are told the injuries

:05:03.:05:07.

they suffered include broken bones, cuts and bruises and it was declared

:05:08.:05:12.

a major incident because of the number of casualties involved. Six

:05:13.:05:15.

ambulances went to the scene of the crash along with the police and Fire

:05:16.:05:20.

Service, but initially, they had difficulty getting there because the

:05:21.:05:25.

fog was so thick in the area, and there has been a warning issued for

:05:26.:05:33.

fog for large parts of southern England and that could continue

:05:34.:05:35.

until later on this afternoon. This crash happened around 20 miles from

:05:36.:05:38.

the scene of another huge crash in fog which took place on Wednesday.

:05:39.:05:42.

That involved 20 vehicles and a woman lost her life. The cause of

:05:43.:05:46.

this latest accident is still under investigation. Thank you. And we

:05:47.:05:52.

will have an update on the weather throughout the morning as well.

:05:53.:05:55.

Learner drivers are to be allowed on motorways for the first time

:05:56.:05:58.

under new Government plans to improve road safety.

:05:59.:06:00.

The Department of Transport is launching a seven week

:06:01.:06:02.

consultation on the proposed changes from today.

:06:03.:06:04.

It says the idea is designed to improve awareness

:06:05.:06:06.

The proposed changes to both driver and motorcyclist training,

:06:07.:06:14.

says the government, would improve safety

:06:15.:06:15.

For drivers, changes would mean that competent learners will be able

:06:16.:06:22.

to have lessons on motorways with an approved driving instructor

:06:23.:06:24.

The biggest proposed changes are reserved for motorcyclists.

:06:25.:06:31.

The compulsory basic training course, which allows them to ride

:06:32.:06:33.

unaccompanied on roads, would be updated.

:06:34.:06:37.

Motorcycle training would also move more online with novice riders

:06:38.:06:40.

having to take a theory test and those holding a provisional

:06:41.:06:44.

motorcycle licence would also have their CBT certificates revoked

:06:45.:06:49.

if they get more than six penalty points.

:06:50.:06:57.

The motoring organization, the RAC, have welcomed the proposals,

:06:58.:06:59.

saying Britain's roads are already amongst the safest in the world,

:07:00.:07:02.

and that changes are needed to help modernise driver

:07:03.:07:04.

The Prime Minister has distanced herself from highly critical remarks

:07:05.:07:11.

made by the US Secretary of State, John Kerry, about Israel.

:07:12.:07:15.

In a speech on Wednesday, Mr Kerry described Benjamin Netanyahu's

:07:16.:07:18.

government as the most right wing in the country's history,

:07:19.:07:23.

and accused it of jeopardising the peace process.

:07:24.:07:25.

But Downing Street said it was "not appropriate"

:07:26.:07:27.

to attack the composition of the democratically elected

:07:28.:07:29.

A nationwide ceasefire has come into force in Syria between the

:07:30.:07:45.

government and rebel groups. There have been reports of some clashes. A

:07:46.:07:50.

number of organisations are not covered by the trees including the

:07:51.:07:53.

Islamic State group. -- the truce. National Parks in England have

:07:54.:07:58.

seen their government funding reduced by a quarter in the last

:07:59.:08:00.

five years, according Figures show nine out

:08:01.:08:02.

of the ten areas - including the Lake District

:08:03.:08:05.

and Dartmoor - suffered cuts to grants totalling

:08:06.:08:07.

more than ?10 million. The government says National Park

:08:08.:08:09.

budgets are protected until 2020. Newly released government files

:08:10.:08:11.

reveal that guards at Faslane naval base were ordered

:08:12.:08:13.

to shoot suspected intruders, after three people broke

:08:14.:08:16.

into a nuclear submarine. The Prime Minister at the time,

:08:17.:08:19.

Margaret Thatcher, who was told of the order,

:08:20.:08:21.

said she was "horrified" Faslane, home to Britain's nuclear

:08:22.:08:23.

submarines and one of the most secure military

:08:24.:08:32.

establishments in Britain. Yet in October 1983 anti-nuclear

:08:33.:08:40.

demonstrators broke into the base at night and got

:08:41.:08:45.

aboard a nuclear sub. Documents released at

:08:46.:08:48.

the National Archives show When Mrs Thatcher was first told

:08:49.:08:50.

of the security breach, the thing that evidently horrified her most

:08:51.:08:58.

was that the intruders had managed to get into the control room

:08:59.:09:03.

of a Polaris submarine. Adviser Charles Powell wrote,

:09:04.:09:05.

had there been armed terrorist the consequences would

:09:06.:09:07.

have been incalculable. And Mrs Thatcher herself noted

:09:08.:09:09.

at the top of the page, We could all have been

:09:10.:09:11.

put in grave danger." Polaris was the forerunner

:09:12.:09:18.

of today's Trident, Phil Jones, then a young

:09:19.:09:21.

peace activist, He says they were astonished at how

:09:22.:09:29.

easy it was, and shocked. When the commander of the submarine

:09:30.:09:36.

came into the control room, and he was shouting at us,

:09:37.:09:39.

"Who the F are you? Over and over again,

:09:40.:09:41.

it could have been outrageous we could have been the IRA,

:09:42.:09:53.

because they were still active. The files show security failures

:09:54.:09:56.

starting with the perimeter fence. As a result of the incident,

:09:57.:09:58.

Royal Marine sentries were given orders to shoot anyone suspected

:09:59.:10:01.

of trying to damage the sub, but it didn't stop the same thing

:10:02.:10:04.

happening again at least twice - If you've been anywhere near social

:10:05.:10:07.

media over the last few months you can't have missed

:10:08.:10:22.

the mannequin challenge. Countless sports stars, celebrities,

:10:23.:10:25.

politicians and even NHS staff have posed for the videos,

:10:26.:10:28.

but now French astronaut Thomas Pesquet has taken

:10:29.:10:32.

the challenge to new heights. Have a look at this. Thomas is

:10:33.:10:49.

currently on board the International Space Station. This is the video.

:10:50.:10:59.

This is a moving image. His crewmates have taken part in the

:11:00.:11:03.

challenge. They have anchored themselves sufficiently so they are

:11:04.:11:07.

not moving. But the person at the front was

:11:08.:11:16.

totally in midair. That is the best one I have ever seen.

:11:17.:11:20.

We have the weather and sport coming up later on.

:11:21.:11:26.

Learner drivers could soon have lessons on the motorway, under

:11:27.:11:29.

It's hoped the idea will improve awareness

:11:30.:11:31.

The Department for Transport says the changes

:11:32.:11:35.

So, would you welcome the idea or would you be worried

:11:36.:11:39.

about sharing the motorway with a learner?

:11:40.:11:48.

I passed my test last January that I haven't driven on the motorway at. I

:11:49.:11:54.

think it would have been a good idea as part of my lessons, but as a

:11:55.:11:59.

driver without my instructor I don't think I would feel very safe doing

:12:00.:12:05.

it! On the motorway you have to be a little bit experienced and totally

:12:06.:12:09.

switched on and have lots of driving experiences over the years. So I

:12:10.:12:13.

think somebody just learning, I don't think that straight onto the

:12:14.:12:18.

motorway would be a good idea personally. You do need to learn to

:12:19.:12:24.

drive on the motorway. At some point! You have to have somebody to

:12:25.:12:28.

teach you, that is better. Lesley Young is the Chief Driving

:12:29.:12:32.

Examiner at the She joins us from our

:12:33.:12:34.

Nottingham newsroom. Good morning. Just to be clear, this

:12:35.:12:45.

is about driver training, not testing. What is your reaction to

:12:46.:12:51.

this? Driving on the motorway for learner drivers is one of a number

:12:52.:12:54.

of initiatives we are putting forward to improve novice driver

:12:55.:13:01.

safety. The DV SA has made changes to their hazard and perception test

:13:02.:13:06.

which includes motorways and bad weather driving and quite a bit

:13:07.:13:11.

about tolerable road users. We have also undergone a trial for the

:13:12.:13:16.

changes to the driving test itself, to better reflect real-life driving

:13:17.:13:20.

and this is further initiatives to broaden new and novice drivers'

:13:21.:13:23.

experience on the roads with a wide range of traffic conditions. It is

:13:24.:13:28.

part of the training initiative rather than testing, because the

:13:29.:13:33.

driving test lasts around 35 to 40 minutes and many of our driving test

:13:34.:13:36.

centres would not have access in that time to motorways, but we do

:13:37.:13:40.

believe that it is important that people have training on motorways

:13:41.:13:45.

before going on them alone. The plan is not to be mandatory, it is

:13:46.:13:50.

something you could choose to do. Some people might not be able to

:13:51.:13:53.

afford the lessons to be able to do it because you would have to be in a

:13:54.:13:57.

dual controlled and so it could not be your dad taking you on the

:13:58.:14:01.

motorway with an owl plate. You are right. It is only in a duel can --

:14:02.:14:14.

controlled car. There would be few this could not apply to. Once they

:14:15.:14:20.

have passed their test they can gain practice on the motorway under

:14:21.:14:23.

supervision from family and friends. This is an opportunity for those who

:14:24.:14:27.

want to take it up. It might be relevant for those who live in areas

:14:28.:14:31.

where access to the motorway is very likely. Could you ever see a day

:14:32.:14:36.

when it does become mandatory, when people have to do this as part of

:14:37.:14:40.

their training? I doubt this very much. We have to understand there

:14:41.:14:44.

are great swathes of the country where there are no motorways so it

:14:45.:14:48.

would be quite burdensome to make everybody do it. It is a voluntary

:14:49.:14:54.

thing and we would encourage people to take up that opportunity. We know

:14:55.:14:58.

from what we have heard earlier in the clips that young drivers are

:14:59.:15:04.

nervous about being on the motorway and far better that they experience

:15:05.:15:07.

it under supervision rather than going on the motorway for the first

:15:08.:15:11.

time on their own without any previous practice. What about for

:15:12.:15:18.

people who are on the motorway who see the L plates and see people

:15:19.:15:22.

learning to drive, it could make them nervous, couldn't it?

:15:23.:15:27.

Interesting point, and I think people under supervision when they

:15:28.:15:33.

are learning are amongst the safest drivers on the road and they are

:15:34.:15:37.

trying to get it right and don't do dangerous things. But they have

:15:38.:15:41.

those plates on their cars but good reasons, and motorists have got to

:15:42.:15:45.

understand they have got to give them more space and time -- for good

:15:46.:15:52.

reasons. Learners tend to be more hesitant than more experienced

:15:53.:15:55.

drivers and so people need to give them more time and space, not only

:15:56.:15:58.

on the motorway, but in general driving, as well. You might be

:15:59.:16:04.

interested to know, regarding the driving test, there are very few

:16:05.:16:08.

crashes that we get involved with, but a significant number of those

:16:09.:16:11.

are other drivers running into the back of learners. The Al plates are

:16:12.:16:16.

there for a reason and it would be helpful if people gave them more

:16:17.:16:21.

space and time to act -- the learner plates. Thanks for joining us.

:16:22.:16:28.

With frosty weather across the country this week,

:16:29.:16:30.

we've sent Matt to the ice rink at the Tower of London.

:16:31.:16:32.

You are displaying quite a bit of skill. LAUGHTER

:16:33.:16:39.

I'm not sure about that. I'm just about getting by. Not so much

:16:40.:16:45.

Torvill and Dean, more Basil Fawlty and Mr Bean. We are at the Tower of

:16:46.:16:56.

London, very atmospheric and misty. This is the case across many

:16:57.:16:59.

southern and eastern parts of England, be foggy weather is a real

:17:00.:17:03.

issue. We can have a look at the forecast. Dense fog in the East of

:17:04.:17:09.

England and also parts of the Midlands, that will hamper the

:17:10.:17:13.

morning commute and some of the airports, as well. Away from that,

:17:14.:17:19.

we have cloud, and also frost in southern and eastern areas, but in

:17:20.:17:21.

northern Scotland we have temperatures around 10-12. In the

:17:22.:17:28.

far north of Scotland we have rain. It will rain all day long in the

:17:29.:17:31.

Shetlands and the Hebrides, and there could be a risk of flooding.

:17:32.:17:35.

North East Scotland might have sunshine. Sunshine in the north-east

:17:36.:17:41.

of England, and eastern parts of Wales. Temperatures around 3-4 in

:17:42.:17:48.

the south-east and East Anglia. Not as much fog around and not quite as

:17:49.:17:58.

frosty, as well, tonight. White breezy with a weather front, which

:17:59.:18:01.

will still be there in northern Scotland to start New Year's Eve --

:18:02.:18:07.

quite breezy. This is how it pans out, much of England and Wales will

:18:08.:18:12.

be dry, the best of any brightness in the East. There will be rain

:18:13.:18:18.

edging south in Scotland, reaching Northern Ireland by the end of the

:18:19.:18:22.

afternoon. The far north of Scotland will start to turn cold. As we head

:18:23.:18:29.

towards midnight, conditions if you are out partying on New Year's Eve,

:18:30.:18:34.

midnight with clear and cold weather, take note of the cold, much

:18:35.:18:38.

colder than we have had recently. Clear skies and wintry showers.

:18:39.:18:43.

Northern Ireland, the rain will be setting in. The Midlands, East

:18:44.:18:50.

Anglia and the South, largely dry, fairly cloudy, south-westerly breeze

:18:51.:18:58.

and temperatures will be 8-9. Greater chance of drizzle in

:18:59.:19:00.

south-west England, and across Wales, Cardiff, Newport, it might be

:19:01.:19:06.

after midnight when the rain sets in, but elsewhere it could be quite

:19:07.:19:12.

wet and windy as the year ends. Largely clear and cold in Northern

:19:13.:19:15.

Ireland, with a couple of wintry showers. The colder air reaches

:19:16.:19:20.

everyone as we go through New Year's Day. It will take a while to reach

:19:21.:19:26.

the far south, but elsewhere, crisp and sunny skies. The showers will

:19:27.:19:36.

possibly have rain and hail and also snow which could give a covering to

:19:37.:19:41.

the ground, especially the high areas in Scotland. Colder the of

:19:42.:19:51.

2017. And now back to you. -- colder for the start of 2017.

:19:52.:19:57.

We are impressed with how steady you are on your feet.

:19:58.:20:03.

Now earlier on Breakfast we saw a bit of a tumble

:20:04.:20:06.

You were being held down. One of them skated off into the distance.

:20:07.:20:20.

There was a bit of a tumble. People have written in, saying they are

:20:21.:20:27.

worried. No one has been hurt badly? No one was hurt, the person in

:20:28.:20:37.

question was Eve and she is fine. I am fine, yes. You have had worse

:20:38.:20:48.

than that? Yes, I have. Everything is OK. I have got the style, haven't

:20:49.:21:01.

I? We have a couple of problems with our sound. Matt was catching up with

:21:02.:21:14.

Eve. Can we go back? We had a few problems with the sound. Eve is OK?

:21:15.:21:22.

She is fine. I'm fine, completely fine, yes. Anything hurt? No, I'm

:21:23.:21:31.

completely fine. There you go, she is fine, pride hurt more than

:21:32.:21:36.

anything else. It has been good fun down there, thanks for joining us.

:21:37.:21:41.

So easily done, no matter how good you are. Well done to Eve for

:21:42.:21:45.

carrying on. Now Christmas is over,

:21:46.:21:49.

it's time for the big clean up. A lot of Christmas wrapping paper

:21:50.:21:59.

around the country, where does it go?

:22:00.:22:02.

Between us we've used 300,000 tonnes of card and paper

:22:03.:22:05.

during the festive season - but not all of it can be recycled.

:22:06.:22:08.

Sean's at a recycling plant this morning in the West Midlands

:22:09.:22:11.

for us to find out what happens to it all.

:22:12.:22:12.

It looks very busy. It is very busy, some people are brutal, how quickly

:22:13.:22:19.

they chuck away their Christmas cards. I have seen them go past. We

:22:20.:22:25.

are in Walsall at the recycling plant and this is where they do some

:22:26.:22:29.

of the picking. Much of the recycling comes in one big basket,

:22:30.:22:34.

and they do the separating here. Simon is part of the operation. We

:22:35.:22:40.

can see pictures of these paper bales which are produced at the end

:22:41.:22:45.

of the line. What is the most valuable part of the recycling

:22:46.:22:49.

process? The most viable is the paper bail but the most valuable

:22:50.:22:57.

commodity would be aluminium cans. -- the most valuable. Paper is the

:22:58.:23:05.

best, but is it mostly paper coming through? We are with Margaret,

:23:06.:23:13.

wastepaper expert. Which paper should we put in? Pretty wrapping

:23:14.:23:21.

paper, you can recycle that. If you scrunch it and it bounces back, you

:23:22.:23:26.

can't recycle it. Thank you, Margaret. Please don't put nappies

:23:27.:23:33.

in, they cause a bit of a nightmare. Glitter, of course. Don't put that

:23:34.:23:41.

in your recycling. And that means glitter nappies are the worst thing

:23:42.:23:44.

you could possibly put in. Keep them out of your rubbish! That is so good

:23:45.:23:53.

to know, if you scrunch it together you can recycle it, but if you do

:23:54.:23:57.

that and it bounces back, you can't put it in. That means it is not pure

:23:58.:24:03.

paper. It has got to go in the normal rubbish, then. Did he say

:24:04.:24:10.

glitter nappies? I thought I misheard.

:24:11.:24:13.

Hospitals these days are full of high tech equipment

:24:14.:24:15.

to treat people who are ill, but could they also benefit

:24:16.:24:21.

from something as simple as a visit from a pet?

:24:22.:24:23.

Senior nurses are calling today for much more use

:24:24.:24:26.

Holly Hamilton has been to Southampton hospital to see how

:24:27.:24:29.

He is a volunteer here at Southampton General Hospital

:24:30.:24:43.

He and his handler, Lindsey, have been delivering therapy

:24:44.:24:53.

to patients and their families for the last four years.

:24:54.:24:56.

A dog in a hospital environment is an incredible social lubricant

:24:57.:25:01.

so you end up talking to people you would never ever talk

:25:02.:25:04.

Nobody would be interested in me coming alone and

:25:05.:25:09.

We come together and it is a privilege for me to have a dog

:25:10.:25:14.

From lowering blood pressure to reducing anxiety and stress

:25:15.:25:21.

the benefits of animal assisted therapy have been documented.

:25:22.:25:29.

Bringing a smile to the face of this 4-year old child is enough.

:25:30.:25:32.

We were told he had a condition that was permanent brain damage

:25:33.:25:39.

and we probably would not expect much more than what we had then,

:25:40.:25:42.

which was a little bit of eye movement.

:25:43.:25:48.

But when they introduced Leo and he smiled for the

:25:49.:25:50.

As soon as you tell Oscar that Leo is coming, he brightens up

:25:51.:26:01.

One of Leo's first patients here was Alice.

:26:02.:26:13.

When she was initially diagnosed with a rare form of liver cancer

:26:14.:26:16.

Took a picture of Leo and took it to show her and I said look,

:26:17.:26:22.

the next time, if you want to see Leo you have to come out

:26:23.:26:25.

He has been in our journey for four years, almost.

:26:26.:26:30.

It was nice to have a dog in the hospital.

:26:31.:26:32.

We have dogs at home ourselves so having one in hospital is nice.

:26:33.:26:38.

In a survey, over 50% of nurses said they had worked with animals

:26:39.:26:45.

and nearly all of them agreed it was a benefit to the patient.

:26:46.:26:48.

Despite that, almost 25% said no animals were allowed

:26:49.:26:51.

The connection that people have with animals can be far more

:26:52.:26:59.

profound than it is with the doctors and nurses and their parents

:27:00.:27:02.

As a nurse and as a human being I think we have to think

:27:03.:27:07.

about what else can we do that would make a difference

:27:08.:27:09.

Or if they do not get well, make their day better.

:27:10.:27:15.

Some people may have some reservations.

:27:16.:27:16.

It is important that there are rules and regulations around how it works.

:27:17.:27:22.

I have been here all morning watching the way that the children

:27:23.:27:27.

here have reacted to Leo and to Lindsey and it

:27:28.:27:30.

Some argue that this type of treatment is simply a temporary fix.

:27:31.:27:42.

But Leo's patients are happy for him to keep coming back.

:27:43.:27:55.

He is so cute. I wonder if you get the same effect from stroking your

:27:56.:28:05.

hair. I wasn't expecting that! It has been a strange morning. And

:28:06.:28:07.

there is more to come. It's being billed as

:28:08.:28:13.

the new Downton Abbey. We'll speak to actor

:28:14.:28:15.

Steven Mackintosh who stars in the new wartime

:28:16.:28:17.

drama, The Halcyon. I hope you are feeling better. It is

:28:18.:28:19.

very comforting. Now stop. Hello - this is Breakfast, with

:28:20.:31:46.

Steph McGovern and Charlie Stayt. Russia has promised to respond

:31:47.:32:00.

to the expulsion of 35 of its diplomats from Washington,

:32:01.:32:03.

amid a bitter dispute over alleged interference by the Kremlin in

:32:04.:32:06.

the American presidential election. Obama believes Russia used

:32:07.:32:08.

cyber hacking to try and discredit Hilary Clinton,

:32:09.:32:10.

a claim denied by President Putin. Moscow says retaliatory measures

:32:11.:32:15.

would be considered. 17 people have been taken

:32:16.:32:19.

to hospital after a coach overturned on the M40 this morning

:32:20.:32:24.

while driving through heavy fog. The male driver and 16

:32:25.:32:28.

passengers suffered broken bones, cuts and bruises

:32:29.:32:30.

when the Oxford Bus Company coach crashed off a slip road at quarter

:32:31.:32:33.

to three this morning. The South Central Ambulance Service

:32:34.:32:36.

said thick fog had made access The AA is urging extreme caution

:32:37.:32:39.

for those heading out on the roads Learner drivers are to be allowed

:32:40.:32:46.

on motorways for the first time under new government plans

:32:47.:32:53.

to improve road safety. The Department of Transport

:32:54.:32:57.

is launching a seven-week consultation on the proposed

:32:58.:32:59.

changes from today. It says the idea is designed

:33:00.:33:02.

to improve awareness A nationwide ceasefire has

:33:03.:33:05.

come into force in Syria between the government

:33:06.:33:13.

and rebel factions. Fighting is said to have stopped

:33:14.:33:17.

in much of the country, but there have been reports

:33:18.:33:21.

of some clashes. A number of organisations are not

:33:22.:33:23.

covered by the truce, Jeremy Corbyn has used his

:33:24.:33:25.

New Year's message to warn against a Brexit deal that he says

:33:26.:33:29.

only protects bankers Mr Corbyn said 2016 would be

:33:30.:33:32.

defined by the decision to leave the European Union,

:33:33.:33:35.

and warned that Labour would not allow the Government to negotiate

:33:36.:33:38.

a deal his party did not agree with. Newly-released government files

:33:39.:33:41.

reveal that guards at Faslane naval base were ordered to shoot suspected

:33:42.:33:43.

intruders, after three people broke The Prime Minister at the time,

:33:44.:33:46.

Margaret Thatcher, who was told of the order,

:33:47.:33:55.

said she was "horrified" Counting down to 2017 will take

:33:56.:34:12.

longer than usual tonight as clock experts compensate for a slowdown in

:34:13.:34:17.

the Earth's rotation. To be precise, it will last an extra second. For

:34:18.:34:24.

the 27th time, the National Physics Laboratory has brought in a leak

:34:25.:34:29.

second to make sure the time according to the Earth's rotation

:34:30.:34:34.

does not fall behind the time set by the atomic clock. Have you got back,

:34:35.:34:38.

Charlie? It has taken us a bit to get around this. My sense is that

:34:39.:34:43.

the extra second is in the count down to midnight. But then, at

:34:44.:34:49.

midnight it goes next to second. You see, I think it is the other way

:34:50.:34:53.

round. That's why it it says the countdown is longer. Shall we go to

:34:54.:34:59.

the sport?! I do know what the atomic clock is, thanks to Ray, who

:35:00.:35:05.

sent me a message! Apparently it tells the time using the frequency

:35:06.:35:10.

of anatomy. Whereas other clocks tell the time based on the rotation

:35:11.:35:18.

of the Earth, which use quartz, and that gives a different time,

:35:19.:35:23.

compared to the atom, apparently! Lets stick to something that I know

:35:24.:35:25.

something about! Swansea have ruled Ryan Giggs

:35:26.:35:28.

out of the running as Giggs had been the early favourite,

:35:29.:35:31.

alongside Wales manager Chris Coleman, who has indicated

:35:32.:35:35.

he will remain with Bayern Munich assistant Paul Clement

:35:36.:35:37.

and ex-Birmingham boss Gary Rowett are now the front runners to take

:35:38.:35:42.

over after Bradley Whoever comes in has

:35:43.:35:44.

to be the right man. I suppose ideally he would be

:35:45.:35:49.

British, knowing the Premier League. But they have to be satisfied

:35:50.:35:53.

he fills the criteria for getting us out of the trouble

:35:54.:35:55.

we find ourselves in. Aston Villa are still unbeaten

:35:56.:35:58.

at home in the Championship, after they denied Leeds United

:35:59.:36:00.

the chance to go third. Leeds have been on good form -

:36:01.:36:03.

and they went ahead in the second But four minutes from time,

:36:04.:36:06.

they conceded a penalty. Jonathan Kodjia put it

:36:07.:36:10.

away to level for Villa. World Player of the Year Cristiano

:36:11.:36:12.

Ronaldo has turned down an offer of ?85 million a year to leave

:36:13.:36:17.

Real Madrid for an unnamed Chinese The news came on the day that

:36:18.:36:20.

Argentina striker Carlos Tevez joined Shanghai Shenhua,

:36:21.:36:26.

becoming one of the highest-paid The Chinese Super League club

:36:27.:36:29.

will pay him ?615,000 a week. Andy Murray's season starts today -

:36:30.:36:40.

he'll face David Goffin in the semifinals of

:36:41.:36:43.

the World Tennis Murray got a bye into the last four,

:36:44.:36:44.

but Goffin had to come past And Rafael Nadal made a good start

:36:45.:36:55.

to his latest comeback from injury, dropping only four games as he beat

:36:56.:37:07.

Tomas Berdych. A wrist injury had troubled Nadal

:37:08.:37:10.

throughout 2016, but there He faces Milos Raonic

:37:11.:37:12.

in the semifinals. And finally, Serena Williams has

:37:13.:37:15.

used the social media platform Reddit to announce

:37:16.:37:18.

that she is engaged Back to where our

:37:19.:37:20.

stars first collided. At the same table we

:37:21.:37:31.

first met by chance. This time he made it

:37:32.:37:34.

not by chance. A rare public declaration of what is

:37:35.:37:47.

going on in her private life. Because she's a very private person.

:37:48.:37:53.

It is a very sophisticated way to do it as well, isn't it, a poem? I like

:37:54.:37:56.

it. Earlier this week, we heard

:37:57.:38:00.

about two wild animals that could be Giraffes have suffered a grave

:38:01.:38:02.

decline in their population - But new figures have shown there has

:38:03.:38:07.

been some good news when it comes to conservation -

:38:08.:38:12.

let's take a look. We're joined now by Niki Rust,

:38:13.:38:50.

from the World Wildlife Fund UK. Good morning to you. So, good news

:38:51.:39:02.

for pandas, pangolins and tigers. But it is a mixed picture, isn't it?

:39:03.:39:07.

Why have they done so well when others haven't? Probably just

:39:08.:39:12.

because there has been a dramatic getting together of conservation

:39:13.:39:14.

organisations and governments and local communities that are really

:39:15.:39:19.

championing these species. For example, when it comes to tigers,

:39:20.:39:22.

tigers live in lots of different countries, and there has been some

:39:23.:39:26.

fantastic work in India, particularly by the Indian

:39:27.:39:29.

government and the local people, to try to conserve this beautiful

:39:30.:39:34.

species. We are looking at some of the images there. Is part of it

:39:35.:39:41.

because, and it seems very trite, people see the image and they love

:39:42.:39:45.

looking at the tiger, and it engages people more than with some other

:39:46.:39:49.

species, is part of it are linked to that? It is, definitely, these

:39:50.:39:54.

charismatic species, the giant and a, the tiger, they are faring far

:39:55.:39:58.

better than the pangolins, for example. Most people do not know

:39:59.:40:05.

what the pangolins are. Tell us a bit more about it? It is a scaly and

:40:06.:40:11.

eat. There are eight species in the world. Unfortunately, it is a

:40:12.:40:17.

delicacy to eat in Southeast Asia. Also the scales are used in

:40:18.:40:20.

traditional Chinese medicine. But the scales do not actually work at

:40:21.:40:25.

all. It is just the same material as your fingernails although it is used

:40:26.:40:29.

for various things, but it does not work.

:40:30.:40:34.

With something like the pangolin, new laws have been brought in to

:40:35.:40:40.

protect them but lots of them are being seized and poached? Another

:40:41.:40:45.

great success story of 2016 is that there was a big conference in

:40:46.:40:48.

Johannesburg a couple of months ago to look at the trade in wildlife

:40:49.:40:56.

species, and the pangolin has been uplifted to appendix one, meaning it

:40:57.:41:01.

is illegal to trade internationally in any pangolin species, which is

:41:02.:41:05.

fantastic. However, just these laws alone do not solve the illegal

:41:06.:41:11.

problem of poaching. Unfortunately in china are couple of days ago

:41:12.:41:16.

there was the biggest seizure of pangolins possibly ever in history,

:41:17.:41:22.

about three tonnes of pangolins, which could have been many thousands

:41:23.:41:27.

of them. We were talking about the rubber moulds like elephants, is

:41:28.:41:31.

there a concern that when you put out the good news stories, the

:41:32.:41:37.

successes, the danger is that people go away thinking, job done -- we

:41:38.:41:40.

were talking about other animals like elephants. Do people stop

:41:41.:41:45.

talking about it so much? In a way, but I think these positive

:41:46.:41:50.

stories motivate people. If all we hear is doom and gloom it is quite

:41:51.:41:53.

possible for people to think, well, there is nothing I can do, they are

:41:54.:41:58.

a lost cause, but that is not the case. With, say, the giant panda and

:41:59.:42:08.

tigers, we are showing but with resources, money and collaboration

:42:09.:42:10.

we can definitely help solve this extinction crisis. Thank you very

:42:11.:42:12.

much, Niki. Let's get the weather,

:42:13.:42:15.

with Matt, who's at the Tower of London this morning -

:42:16.:42:17.

and it's looking very festive. He is still on his skates, I am

:42:18.:42:27.

pleased to see. You have opened your belt on your weatherman's romper!

:42:28.:42:33.

Definitely keeping me warm this morning, you need it because it is

:42:34.:42:37.

chilly. We are in the towel of London, we are having fun skating,

:42:38.:42:43.

but serious business here. To tell me more is Jim Duncan, one of the

:42:44.:42:49.

beefeaters here. Good morning. How are you? Very well, thank you for

:42:50.:42:53.

joining us. Tell us more about the tower of London and the ice rink. We

:42:54.:42:58.

are in the ice rink inside the moat, which was billed jeering the reign

:42:59.:43:03.

of Edward the first but it became like an open cesspit and had the

:43:04.:43:06.

reputation of being the largest cesspit in London, all of the sea

:43:07.:43:11.

which use to pour into gear and it stank to high heaven. During the

:43:12.:43:15.

reign of Queen Victoria, the Duke of Wellington made a representation

:43:16.:43:20.

that it was drained and filled in, and it was filled in with shingle

:43:21.:43:24.

and oyster shells about 15 feet below our feet. Then it became used

:43:25.:43:29.

as a parade ground for soldiers during the Second World War it was

:43:30.:43:33.

one big allotment, they grew a lot of their own vegetables. That is the

:43:34.:43:37.

use of the moat, it is iconic that we have an ice rink here, because

:43:38.:43:42.

the River Thames used to freeze over in the winter time. This is the

:43:43.:43:47.

towel of London, where I live. How do you become a Beefeater? You

:43:48.:43:58.

have to be from the military, the Army, Navy, Air Force or Royal

:43:59.:44:00.

Marines. We would have done at least 22 years of military service and

:44:01.:44:03.

achieved the rank of Warrant Officer, then you can apply to

:44:04.:44:08.

become a yeoman water, the nickname is the beefeaters. We all live

:44:09.:44:12.

inside the tower of London. Air spend Christmas and New Year here?

:44:13.:44:17.

The Tower of London is based on tradition and historic events that

:44:18.:44:21.

happen here every single day, 24/ seven. So on Christmas Day, what a

:44:22.:44:26.

venue to usual Christmas dinner, but we have to continue the tradition is

:44:27.:44:32.

every single day. And New Year? Thank you for having us. You're very

:44:33.:44:37.

welcome. Thank you. Amazing, lovely to speak

:44:38.:44:43.

to Jim. It has been a little bit of fun this morning, you will probably

:44:44.:44:46.

notice behind me it is misty and foggy, that is the story across much

:44:47.:44:51.

of southern and eastern England. Looking at the forecast, dense fog

:44:52.:44:55.

around across parts of the Midlands, South East England and East Anglia.

:44:56.:45:00.

Frosty conditions, temperatures below freezing. A much milder start

:45:01.:45:04.

elsewhere, temperatures in double figures across northern and western

:45:05.:45:08.

areas. Rainy across northern Scotland all day long, some of our

:45:09.:45:13.

train happy throughout today, and it will be all the way through to

:45:14.:45:18.

tomorrow. Some brighter spells, north-east Scotland, north-east

:45:19.:45:21.

England, eastern Wales, sunshine at times and temperatures around 12 or

:45:22.:45:27.

13, maybe 14 or 15 around the Moray Firth, weather fog lingers across

:45:28.:45:30.

parts of East Anglia and the south-east it will stay at three deg

:45:31.:45:32.

all day. Staying quite misty across the

:45:33.:45:38.

south-east of the country, a little bit of frost. Mild elsewhere

:45:39.:45:42.

tonight, the weather front will bring raid across northern Scotland

:45:43.:45:47.

into the start of New Year's Eve. -- will bring rain. A mild enough

:45:48.:45:53.

end to the year. Cloud around pretty much all the country on New Year's

:45:54.:45:57.

Eve, there will be brighter spots in east Wales and eastern England.

:45:58.:46:03.

All will see reign at some point, reaching Northern Ireland and

:46:04.:46:05.

southern Scotland by the end of the afternoon at the start of the

:46:06.:46:09.

evening. Temperatures in Shetland and

:46:10.:46:12.

Lerwick, it is set to get colder. If you are at celebrating as we hit

:46:13.:46:17.

midnight, you can expect cold conditions across all of Scotland,

:46:18.:46:21.

clear skies for many, some wintry showers across the north and east in

:46:22.:46:25.

particular. Northern England looking windy and wet with heavy bursts of

:46:26.:46:30.

rain towards midnight, to finish 2016 across the Midlands, East

:46:31.:46:39.

Anglia and the South of England, many will be try, fairly cloudy, a

:46:40.:46:42.

bit of a breeze but not to chilly. Eight or 9 degrees at midnight.

:46:43.:46:47.

Probably more chance of rain or drizzle in the south-west. Cardiff

:46:48.:46:51.

and Newport might escape with a dry ends before the rain arrives, but

:46:52.:46:55.

the rest of Wales is looking particularly wet and windy.

:46:56.:46:58.

Northern Ireland, clear skies, colder weather, one or two showers.

:46:59.:47:04.

Cold into New Year's Day for many, staying mildest for longest across

:47:05.:47:08.

the South with patchy rain and drizzle.

:47:09.:47:11.

Sunny conditions, one of two showers, but temperatures on the

:47:12.:47:14.

drop again. Thank you for joining us, I managed

:47:15.:47:18.

to stay on my feet, but back to Charlie and Steph. Give as your

:47:19.:47:26.

final skate off! Goodbye! Fantastic. Do you think he can go on

:47:27.:47:41.

one leg? He will hurt himself! That is a good point. You are just

:47:42.:47:46.

waiting for me to fall! Sure to happen just after we leave

:47:47.:47:48.

him. For fans of the world's only

:47:49.:47:50.

consulting detective The new series of Sherlock

:47:51.:47:52.

begins on New Year's Day. Details and plot lines have been

:47:53.:47:56.

kept a closely guarded secret, but the show's writers have

:47:57.:47:58.

described this fourth Breakfast's Tim Muffett has been

:47:59.:48:00.

to meet the star of the show, Benedict Cumberbatch,

:48:01.:48:05.

to see if he can squeeze out I'm sure there are many,

:48:06.:48:07.

many things you can't tell us That I'm in a new series

:48:08.:48:14.

of Sherlock, it's series four. It really has been fantastically

:48:15.:48:20.

rich and challenging and new, and that's the thing that keeps us

:48:21.:48:24.

coming back for more. The roads we walk

:48:25.:48:29.

have demons beneath. And yours have been waiting

:48:30.:48:33.

for a very long time. When you see a Sherlock script

:48:34.:48:36.

for the first time, what happens? Pretty much the first thing you get

:48:37.:48:39.

is just overawed at how extraordinary the imagination

:48:40.:48:42.

and the amount of work that's gone into this sort of creation,

:48:43.:48:44.

this furtherment, I suppose, of the Conan Doyle originals,

:48:45.:48:46.

and involves, and then you start picking up the details that relate

:48:47.:48:49.

to the original stories, and then just beautiful

:48:50.:48:52.

little character arcs. At the beck and call

:48:53.:49:02.

of a screaming, demanding baby. Waking up at all hours

:49:03.:49:05.

to obey his every whim? All you do is clean up their mess,

:49:06.:49:07.

pat them on the head... You talk about the beginning, 2010,

:49:08.:49:14.

so much has changed since then, Because then social media

:49:15.:49:20.

was around, but it wasn't as big Today we've been seeing some

:49:21.:49:25.

of the scenes being shot outside, there are crowds there,

:49:26.:49:29.

they are tweeting about it. It's strange when we're

:49:30.:49:31.

on what we use as Baker Street, North Gower Street, because it has

:49:32.:49:35.

become a little bit and expectation and,

:49:36.:49:37.

you know, if you raise an eyebrow But you also have to complete

:49:38.:49:43.

a day's filming, and they are very They don't want to be an obstacle

:49:44.:49:47.

to what they and eventually enjoy so much, which is what we get

:49:48.:49:51.

in the can as a result Does it put you off your character

:49:52.:49:54.

at all, your acting? If it was vitriolic hate, I suppose

:49:55.:49:58.

that would be a lot harder. But there's none of

:49:59.:50:02.

that, let's face it. I mean, you'd have to go pretty far

:50:03.:50:04.

to upset this crowd, they're incredibly loyal,

:50:05.:50:08.

and respectful of what What's the very worst thing you can

:50:09.:50:10.

do to your very best friends? I don't think some people

:50:11.:50:14.

here realise quite how big I mean, everywhere I go,

:50:15.:50:17.

I'm sort of shocked. I thought, "OK, I'll be

:50:18.:50:22.

in Nepal and maybe a few This was when I was

:50:23.:50:24.

filming Doctor Strange. On the second or third day

:50:25.:50:27.

when they realised it wasn't Christian Bale or someone else

:50:28.:50:32.

wearing a beard they were There were just hundreds

:50:33.:50:34.

of people chanting Sherlock. It always astonishes me quite how

:50:35.:50:38.

global its reach is. What's the most unusual place you've

:50:39.:50:40.

been spotted as Sherlock? Kathmandu has to be one

:50:41.:50:42.

of them, I would say. In a Buddhist temple, visiting

:50:43.:50:45.

a Tibetan Buddhist monestary. He's a really important

:50:46.:50:47.

figure in Tibetan culture. And it was bizarre, it was just

:50:48.:50:49.

like we'd entered a sort of fan den. We were the ones that

:50:50.:50:52.

were the privileged audience, and he was acting like he was

:50:53.:50:54.

the privileged audience. Well, she is a retired superagent

:50:55.:50:57.

with a terrifying skill set, It's phenomenal, you know, it seems

:50:58.:51:07.

to go everywhere, this programme. And the original

:51:08.:51:10.

stories did, you know? They had a massive worldwide

:51:11.:51:13.

audience, the Conan Doyle books. So I guess it's an extension

:51:14.:51:16.

of that, but within a modern media. He got through it without giving

:51:17.:51:19.

anything away! Sherlock returns to our

:51:20.:51:31.

screens on New Year's Day Billed as the new Downton Abbey,

:51:32.:51:36.

ITV's new period drama The Halcyon Set in a grand London hotel

:51:37.:51:39.

during the Second World War, it offers us a glimpse

:51:40.:51:45.

into the colourful lives of both those who serve

:51:46.:51:47.

and those who stay there. Steven Mackintosh plays the man

:51:48.:51:50.

who has more insight than most - We'll speak to him in a moment,

:51:51.:51:53.

but first let's see him in action. The Royal Suite is

:51:54.:52:01.

prepared, your Lordship. I'm afraid his Lordship has

:52:02.:52:17.

a rather nasty headache. He made me promise he

:52:18.:52:51.

would not be disturbed. Might I suggest you take some tea

:52:52.:52:57.

in the atrium while you wait? TE in the atrium sounds very loaded,

:52:58.:53:26.

all of a sudden! So, you get a sense from looking at that about the time

:53:27.:53:30.

and place. The grandeur of the hotel? Exactly. That is exactly it.

:53:31.:53:37.

It is a grand, 5-star hotel in central London at the beginning of

:53:38.:53:43.

the war. It is an opulent, grand Palace of a place. And the hotel is

:53:44.:53:51.

owned by Lord and Lady Hamilton, played by Olivia Williams and Alex

:53:52.:53:55.

Jennings. And I'm the manager, Richard Garland. I have raised my

:53:56.:53:59.

daughter on my own for the past ten years, and she's working in the

:54:00.:54:03.

hotel, too. You have the relationships, the conflict, the

:54:04.:54:06.

passions, the desires in the hotel. And then you have the world conflict

:54:07.:54:11.

at the time, this monumental period in history. And so it is about that

:54:12.:54:16.

contrast, really. And inevitably, war will affect everybody

:54:17.:54:26.

within the The Halcyon. But in the meantime, it is about business as

:54:27.:54:33.

usual. For you as well, did you actually do some work with a hotel

:54:34.:54:36.

manager to see what it would be like? I did, actually. I did watch a

:54:37.:54:42.

manager at work in a swanky London hotel. And it was fascinating.

:54:43.:54:49.

Because that level of service is something else. It's a different

:54:50.:54:57.

thing. It's about detail, it's about remembering the detail, and it's

:54:58.:55:02.

about discretion. That the other brilliant thing about this job as

:55:03.:55:07.

well, it's about discretion. And Garland, my character, is brilliant

:55:08.:55:11.

at that. Your secret is safe with violent. I'm loving this image here,

:55:12.:55:17.

trying to guess in advance, because we do not know the characters yet,

:55:18.:55:23.

who are the nice guys, who are the scheming ones, can you give us an

:55:24.:55:32.

insight? So, we have Alex Jennings and Olivia Williams, they played

:55:33.:55:35.

Lord and Lady Hamilton, they own the hotel. That's my daughter Emma. We

:55:36.:55:45.

have the singer in the band. Some of them look a bit scheming. We have

:55:46.:55:53.

Freddie, who's Lord and Lady Hamilton's son. We have an American

:55:54.:55:57.

journalist. So this is the ensemble cast? Yes, a lot of brilliant

:55:58.:56:03.

characters in this thing. But I think this first episode does it so

:56:04.:56:08.

brilliantly. It is tricky in a first episode to introduce everybody to a

:56:09.:56:13.

new set of characters civil you get these teases of all the key

:56:14.:56:17.

relationships, but not at the expense of the drama. And it moves

:56:18.:56:22.

at such a pace Bridger think gives it a distinctive feel. You have been

:56:23.:56:27.

in many dramas - how does this compare? It was a breath of fresh

:56:28.:56:36.

air for me, this. I had not done anything period for quite a long

:56:37.:56:40.

time. I had been involved in quite a lot of temporary things. But of this

:56:41.:56:45.

came along at a perfect time and so I relished every minute of it. The

:56:46.:56:50.

production values on this are so brilliant, it looks fantastic, and

:56:51.:56:53.

everybody was working to such a high-level, it was a joy to do. So,

:56:54.:57:00.

The Halcyon, Monday evening, 9pm, on ITV. Time to go for tea in the

:57:01.:57:08.

Atrium, don't you think?! You say that in such a weird way as well! I

:57:09.:57:14.

actually might just go and do that! Time now for

:57:15.:58:49.

That is it from us for this morning. Tomorrow, we will revisit some of

:58:50.:59:09.

the power. Read you have shared with us here on Breakfast in 2016. Have a

:59:10.:59:11.

cracking day. Bye-bye. The roads we walk have demons

:59:12.:59:22.

beneath them... ..and yours have been waiting

:59:23.:59:27.

for a very long time.

:59:28.:59:31.

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