04/02/2016 BBC News at Ten

As nations pledge billions of pounds to help Syrian refugees,

reports tonight that tens of thousands more are heading

They are escaping intense fighting in the city of Aleppo.

Here, the Prime Minister says the newly promised money will help.

It will make a difference in terms of saving lives,

in terms of providing medicine, in terms of providing

I will be reporting from Lebanon's Bekaa Valley, on some house of the

new aid money may be used to help a country struggling with more than 1

million refugees. We're also live from Syria tonight,

with the latest on the unfolding Also on the programme: A UN

panel of experts decides that the WikiLeaks founder Julian

Assange is being unfairly detained. We've a special report on the battle

against the Zika virus in Colombia - now the source of the first infected

pregnancy in Europe. The huge new city built

in Saudi Arabia to house two million people - but as oil prices

tumble, where are they? The puzzle set by the nation's top

spooks that left thousands stumped since Christmas - we reveal

the answers and who got them right. we expose the reality of life

with dementia for a growing And the stolen Banksy -

and trashed flat that mean these As tens of thousands of Syrians

are reported to be fleeing intense fighting and heading

for the country's borders tonight, over ?6 billion has been

pledged in aid. The money has been promised

by leaders from some 70 countries Britain alone has offered

?1.2 billion over David Cameron says the money

will provide millions in Syria with "life-saving" aid

as well as jobs and education. But similar past pledges of cash

have still not been honoured Our diplomatic correspondent

Bridget Kendall reports. And Newark -- a new exodus of

Syrians fleeing the conflict. Thousands making for Turkey's

border, according to these pictures from local news agency. To escape

this week's Russian and Syrian government advance on Aleppo, adding

to the already overwhelming tide of desperate refugees. And adding a new

note of urgency to today's conference in London, assembled

leaders heard that with 13.5 million displaced inside Syria and 4.5

million outside, Syria's neighbours are near breaking point. 30,000 new

refugees escaped from camps where 70,000 are leaving and they are

rushing to Turkish border, in order to have a safe haven, free of the

air strikes of Russian planes. Soon, Lebanon will no longer be able to

contain an eruption that could involve further migration to distant

shores. Destabilisation and devolved security threats. Last year, the

world only gave the United Nations half of aid it needed, so in the end

food rations to refugees had to be cut, one reason so many decided to

move on to Europe. Which means today, in London, there is new

self-interest. Give aid ease conditions in the region and maybe

stem the flow coming towards Europe, but will it work? There have been

previous donor conferences for Syria and every time it seems as though

the refugee crisis gets bigger. Isn't there a danger the same thing

is happening this time round and all your impressive pledges will ring

rather hollow? It will make a difference in terms of saving lives,

in terms of providing medicine, in terms of providing shelter and food,

and these are important because we are fulfilling our moral

responsibility of countries. Of course, announcing all these big

pledges of aid here in London is one thing. Actually delivering it the

ground is quite another. And anyway, everyone agrees, all these promises

to give humanitarian and long-term development help is very well, but

what is needed is a way to stop the war. But the omens are not looking

good. It's not just around Aleppo the bombardment against rebels has

just got heavier. This was apparently a Syrian government

assault on a rebel Bastian near Dhahran, close to the Jordanian

border in the South. And all this fighting last night caused the

fledgling peace talks in Geneva to break down when they have hardly

begun. Back-up the Kilis border gate, thousands wait, desperate

begun. Back-up the Kilis border be let into Turkey, uncertain who

will help them. However impressive the pledges in London, this

momentous conflict doesn't look any nearer to a close.

Well, as we've heard, Turkey, Jordan and Lebanon desperately need

long-term support to cope with the huge influx

More than 4 million refugees are now living in the region.

Over a million of them are in neighbouring Lebanon,

Our correspondent Clive Myrie is in one of them.

The influx of people have put enormous pressure on Lebanon. How

will this money help? Yes, a lot of money has been pledged but how

should it be used in a country like Lebanon, struggling to cope with so

many refugees? Around a quarter of Lebanon, struggling to cope with so

the population. There is no question many would like

the population. There is no question for their families, and

the population. There is no question donor money could open up the labour

market donor money could open up the labour

of the refugees are children and donor money could open up the labour

funding is sorely needed for their continuing education, to

They attend school five days a week, like the 270 other youngsters

But when school's out, they and some of the other kids

They work in the brick factory that borders their home.

Under a hot sun, it's dusty and smelly.

Hard, but necessary work for this family.

"We work to help our father," Mustafa says, "because our little

Over a break for lunch, there's time for more reflection.

These children are mature way beyond their years.

Millions of his countrymen now have nothing, and after lunch it's

It's not just the education system here of course that needs cash,

because so many refugees are living here. The health system, social

services, housing, all are buckling under the massive humanitarian

crisis caused by the neighbouring several war. Longer term the

solution to all these problems is a comprehensive peace in Syria. Until

then, Lebanon will continue to struggle.

Let's talk to our correspondent Rami Ruhayem, who's

Billions of pounds have been pledged to help Syrians made refugees

by the fighting there, but just tonight we're hearing that

tens of thousands more civilians are feeling intense fighting

in Aleppo and streaming towards the borders.

Yes, it's a reminder of how fast things and how suddenly things can

deteriorate in the Syrian war. This would have been very difficult to

imagine just a few months ago, before the Russian intervention, but

it is this kind of intensive bombardment that is still the single

biggest driver of mass displacement within Syria. Of course, even those

Syrians displaced within Syria who are not immediately on the line of

Fire, who have managed to get away from the front lines, from the

raging battles, even they face very difficult conditions, economic

hardship, loss of livelihood, loss of control over their lives, which

is probably one of the biggest causes as well of the movement to

Europe, the desperate attempts by so many refugees and internally

displaced Syrians to get to Europe. All of this shows no sign of ending

any time soon and it remains to be seen whether we will see yet another

year of people taking desperate measures to leave Syria and perhaps

even the region. A UN panel of experts has decided

that the WikiLeaks founder, Julian Assange, is being

unfairly detained. More than three years ago Mr Assange

sought political asylum in Ecuador's London

embassy to avoid arrest. Today, Downing Street said

the UN panel's ruling Our diplomatic correspondent

Caroline Hawley reports. This was Julian Assange back

in 2012, the summer he sought refuge Now a UN leagal panel has heard him

and, to the dismay of Britain and Sweden, to the delight

of his supporters, and to some I really hope that as a consequence

of this ruling, that Julian can leave the embassy and go to Ecuador,

where he can benefit I fear that the British Government

might ride roughshod over this, but I think it would be really

unfortunate and send a terrible message internationally about our,

sort of, recognition of international human

rights legislation. Julian Assange first

made headlines in 2010, when WikiLeaks began to publish

hundreds of thousands In August that year,

allegations were made of sexual Two years later, Ecuador granted

political asylum to Mr Assange, on the grounds that he risked

being extradited on to the US. Last year, police announced that

officers would no longer be stationed outside the Ecuadorian

Embassy, they'd cost the British This morning, Julian Assange said

he'd accept arrest by the British police, if the UN panel

ruled against him. Of course, we now know it's

ruled in his favour. One of the things I'll be interested

to hear from the UN is - why did he regard this

as a detention when, essentially, he his detained

with his own hand? The UK has a European Arrest Warrant

for very serious charges from Sweden, a well-respected

jurisdiction, and that will still have to be

enforced come what may. Today, a high-profile

visitor for Mr Assange, in the form of the fashion designer,

Dame Vivienne Westwood. The UN panel's decision is a big

victory for Julian Assange, and an embarrassment

for Sweden and the UK. But unless Julian Assange really

is ready to be arrested, for the moment at least,

the Ecuadorian Embassy So tonight, I don't think Julian

Assange is packing his bags in there. Swedish prosecutors say the

decision does not affect their investigation, but it does put them

under the British government in an awkward position and four Julian

Assange it's something of a PR coup. Now, we won't know the full details

until tomorrow, but I understand that the UN panel was divided, that

this decision was unanimous. A brief look at some of the day's

other news stories. The Bank of England has

cut its prediction for economic growth and warned that wages

are likely to increase The Bank's governor,

Mark Carney, blamed "unforgiving" The bank also voted unanimously

to keep interest rates on hold. It's now thought they may

not rise this year. Detectives are hunting two men

after a company boss was shot dead during an attempted robbery

in Birmingham last night. Akhtar Javeed, who ran

a soft drinks company, was fatally wounded

during the raid at a warehouse. Police described the attack

as targeted and a murder The charity Age UK is to be

investigated after claims that it promoted gas and electricity deals

with E.ON to elderly people in return for ?6 million

from the energy supplier. E.ON said the deals were competitive

when they were offered. A sperm whale which washed up

on a beach in Norfolk has died this evening, despite the best efforts

of rescuers to keep it alive The whale was successfully refloated

but is thought to have died from internal injuries received

when it was stranded. Spain has confirmed Europe's first

case of the Zika virus She'd recently returned from

Colombia. The country has the highest number

of Zika cases after Brazil, and authorities say they're

expecting around 600 cases of microcephaly -

the condition linked to the virus in which children are

born with tiny heads. Our science editor David Shukman

travelled to Baranquilla, in the north of Colombia,

to find out what measures She's one of 2,000 pregnant women

here in Colombia who've had symptoms So the doctor examines

the baby's head. But good news - it's normal,

and Jessica's face says it all. Five months into her pregnancy -

so far, so good. "The most difficult part," she says,

"is that things can go wrong So she's going through a long list

of checks that the Colombian There's a determination to avoid

what's happening in Brazil. Hundreds of officials and volunteers

are deployed to spread the message, here in Barranquilla,

one of the worst affected cities. The campaign is led by

the local health secretary. She persuades householders

to let her in to look for breeding She says it's dirty and needs to be

cleaned, and then does A quarter of a million homes

here have been searched Empty bottles left open

are another target. They could host mosquitoes

and have to go. Our first objective, this problem,

all the city think about Zika, all the people have

to think about Zika more. At first light this morning

we watched a great cloud of insecticide blasted

into the streets. This might kill a lot

of mosquitoes, but comes too late Officials here have been studying

the pattern of infection in Brazil, to try to work out what it means

for Colombia, and they conclude that it's inevitable that babies will be

born with brains that are too small Now, they know there's no definitive

proof yet that the Zika virus is to blame for that terrible

condition, but they say there's enough evidence for them to see this

as a serious health crisis. Armando de la Hoz, the region's

head of health care, says Colombia is expecting 600

babies with small brains. They listen very carefully

to the experience of Brazil and hope that with more warning they can

minimise the impact. We are worried, yes,

but we are also hopeful because we know that we find it,

we find out about it in an earlier stage and that we have opportunities

that we have the information and that we are already

working on the programme. Rehearsals for the

carnival this weekend. Huge crowds will gather which means

more chance to spread the virus through mosquitoes and maybe sexual

transmission as well, after a confirmed case of that

in Texas earlier this week, so there's a real risk

from unprotected sex She's had Zika and is nine months

pregnant and thinks But for so many women this is a time

of terrible uncertainty. David Shukman, BBC News,

in Barranquilla, Coloumbia. David Cameron has been warned

that there is widespread concern among other EU countries

about proposed changes A source close to the President

of the European Council, Donald Tusk, has told the BBC that

"nobody is happy" about a draft deal Katya Adler is in Warsaw,

where David Cameron How worried should Mr Cameron be?

Well, Fiona, after so many months of negotiations and shuttle diplomacy

it was widely assumed by the time David Cameron's draft EU proposal

was published this week at least the big EU powers would be on board.

What he was told by the man who represents all EU leaders in

Brussels, they are not happy. None of them like it. That is a problem

for the Prime Minister. His critics complain the draft deal is weak and

watered down. European colleagues say it goes too far. Take the

proposal to suspend EU migrant workers benefits, for example. It's

politically important to the Prime Minister, but here in Poland, with

800,000 Poles living in the UK, it's has been controversial from the

start. He is coming here tomorrow. His second time in Warsaw in a

matter of weeks. He knows every single EU leaders needs to be on

board or there will be no deal at all. Should we worry about these

disagreements? They are common currency in the EU. Even though

Brussels bigwigs are saying, absolutely, David Cameron shall have

his deal by the time of an EU Summit in two weeks' time he shouldn't yet

count his EU chickens. Katya in Warsaw, thank you.

Suicide is one of the biggest killers in the UK.

New figures published today show that in 2014,

New figures published today show that in 2014,

Men are three times more likely to kill themselves,

but suicide rates in women in England are at their highest

Our correspondent, Ed Thomas, has been talking to the human rights

barrister, Michael Mansfield, whose daughter took her own

Anna, my darling daughter, everything you ever did was marked

by conspicuous courage and compassion.

The words of a grieving father, a poem for Anna.

Beautiful, outgoing, warm, always ready to give herself.

Anna was a wife, a mother of two children.

But last April she faced redundancy, she believed she'd failed those

There was silence, just like this - "Anna's dead?"

She said, "Anna's dead and we haven't been able to reach

you before now," and put the phone down.

You want to immediately turn it back.

No, this isn't real, it hasn't happened,

So I feel angry with myself that we didn't get

And I'm going, I've got to go as well because what's the point?

Immensely guilty because you love her so much.

And then you go, Anna, wait a minute, why didn't

I would like to have said, if only Anna you could lift the lid

All these people are so shocked and would have absolutely sprinted

to support you and get you through this.

Michael and his partner now help others cope with what's left behind

- the anger, blame and those unanswered questions.

A place for families living with suicide.

Anna's suicide literally brought Michael to his knees, emotionally.

And all that's left are the memories of a father and daughter.

You think she's always going to be there, so you don't think you need

to - oh, my goodness, I've got to see her every day

So then when she's not there you miss the companionship.

If you could have one more conversation with Anna,

I'd say only the one thing, really - loved you always, always will.

Michael Mansfield talking about his daughter there.

If you've been affected by these issues and would like details

of organisations which offer advice and support, then you can go online

to bbc.co.uk/actionline or call the BBC Action Line to hear recorded

Lines are open 24 hours and calls are free from landlines and mobiles.

10 years ago, Saudi Arabia launched an ambitious project to build

an enormous city on the shores of the Red Sea.

Since then, billions of dollars has been ploughed into constructing

the so-called King Abdullah Economic City.

The dream is a city that will eventually house

But amid low oil prices and uncertainty over the Saudi

economy, that dream is looking increasingly distant,

only 5,000 people have moved in so far.

From King Abdullah Economic City, Stephen Sackur reports.

The entrance to Saudi Arabia's new metropolis,

King Abdullah Economic City, one of the most ambitious

The plan is to turn this patch of desert, on the Red Sea,

into a city of two million, a magnet for global business

Project boss, Fahd Al-Rasheed, is a new kind of Saudi leader -

There is nothing like coming to a construction site

if you are in the business of construction and development

I get an adrenaline shot every time I'm here.

The scale of this project is mind-boggling.

It's projected to cost more than $100 billion.

This is one of the world's biggest construction projects and maybe it

made sense when oil was $100 a barrel, but now the oil

The danger for Saudi Arabia is that this looks like one

Saudi Arabia is now desperately trying to diversify and privatise

They talk of opening up to the world.

The cornerstone of the new city will be one of the world's biggest

By the end of 2016, it will be the largest port on the Red Sea.

But it is, ultimately, in the middle nowhere.

I mean, if we pan around the camera you know, really,

You have to be a bit of a dreamer to believe that this

You have to be a dreamer to build something like this,

but you also have to believe in the power of the potential

This Red Sea waterfront is the only part of the city that isn't

a building site, but look carefully, there are virtually no people.

The entire city has 5,000 residents, the two million target

For now, the city has just one school, these the children

of ex-patriots drawn by lucrative jobs in planning and construction.

If confidence in the future is slipping, they're not showing it.

The school develops with the city, so it's constantly evolving

and what's just a really vibrant, exciting place to live

and the city's changing and as the city changes,

King Abdullah Economic City is a gamble on Saudi Arabia's future.

This deeply conservative Kingdom is at the heart

You have been to Riyadh, does this look to you like that

Well, I've talked a lot of people, many of whom talk about uncertainty.

Well, I think that you're seeing today a different era

An era that's going to see reform, really a restructuring

of the economy, but I think what people are mostly worried

Many young Saudis hope King Abdullah Economic City

will symbolise a new, open, outward-looking Kingdom,

but the turbulent economics and politics of the Middle East

Stephen Sackur, BBC News, King Abdullah Economic City.

You can see more of that report from Stephen Sackur on Hardtalk

on Monday at 8.30pm in the evening on the BBC News Channel

Matt LeBlanc, the actor best known for his role as Joey in the American

sitcom Friends, is to join Chris Evans as a presenter

He's already appeared on the show as part of its 'star in a reasonably

priced car' and holds the record for the fastest celebrity lap.

The actor says he's a "car nut and massive fan" of the programme

which is set to return later this year.

It all started with a Christmas card from the head of GCHQ,

Britain's code-breaking intelligence agency.

Inside was a link which led to the first stage of a puzzle.

Since then, thousands have tried to solve it

Tonight, we can report that three people have at last managed

Our security correspondent, Gordon Corera, has more.

It was the fiendish set of puzzles that went on to stump more than half

a million people, but tonight we reveal the answers.

I was invited to a secret London location, there I met two

of the GCHQ experts responsible for setting the puzzle.

Well, I don't think there's any coincidence that you find a bunch

of people setting these sorts of problems who are also working

on the kind of problems that GCHQ work on.

We're faced with problems where there's incomplete

information, there's ambiguous information,

and that's the sort of thing that we expect people to do

Could you show us just how one of the puzzles is solved?

Here's how you solve another of the puzzles.

When you arrange these squares correctly you get the first word

The arrow and the dice surrounding the words point you to one

of the letters from the second word of the title.

When you have all of these letters, they reveal the answer.

They called it the hardest puzzle in the world and it takes some

serious intellectual fire power to solve.

Well, they get this glass paperweight and a fair bit

And here's one of the three people judged winners for getting

He spoke to us in Edinburgh before he had to head out

It's really obvious when you say it like this, but the more puzzles

you do, the better you get at doing puzzles.

I've done a lot of puzzles, I'm a bit of an addict.

For those still seeking answers, they can be found tonight

Newsnight's about to begin over on BBC Two in a few moments.

In the studio, top politicians and military experts on both sides