24/03/2016 BBC News at Ten

Tonight at Ten, a 40-year jail sentence for Radovan Karadzic,

The former Bosnian Serb leader was responsible for some

of the worst atrocities in Europe since the Second World War.

His war crimes included the Srebenica massacre,

when thousands of Muslim men and boys were marched away

and killed during the ethnic conflict in Bosnia.

Guilty of the following counts - count two, genocide...

He was convicted of a total of ten war crimes by

the International Criminal Tribunal sitting in The Hague.

The verdicts follow a trial that began eight years ago.

We'll have the latest from The Hague.

More formal tributes to the victims of the Brussels bombings,

but some parents are still waiting for information about missing

fact, we demand, that the government allow these families into to see if

our children are still alive. The former England and Sunderland

footballer Adam Johnson is sentenced to six years for sexual activity

with a teenage girl. And Johan Cruyff, one

of the greatest footballers of all time, has died

at the age of 68. And coming up in Sportsday

on BBC News: Wales and Northern Ireland have

played a friendly in Cardiff. Both sides have European glory

on their minds after decades away The man who presided over some

of the worst atrocities in Europe since the Second World War has been

sentenced to 40 years in prison by the International

Criminal Tribunal. The former Bosnian Serb leader

Radovan Karadzic was found guilty of genocide and crimes

against humanity. The judges decided that Karadzic

was responsible for the massacre of up to 8,000 Muslim men and boys

at Srebrenica in 1995. Karadzic - who's now 70 -

was cleared of one charge The verdicts bring to an end a trial

that started eight years ago. Our special correspondent,

Allan Little, who reported on the war, was in court

for the verdicts. It is the most symbolically

charged international war crimes verdict in Europe

since the Nuremberg trials Radovan Karadzic had presented

himself throughout his trial as a man constantly

striving for peace. In Sarajevo, the judge said,

his forces, called the SRK, deliberately sniped

at and bombarded civilians. They fired at children playing

or cycling in the street. Karadzic knew about it

and he bore individual criminal The chamber is

convinced that the SRK conducted a campaign of sniping

and shelling Sarajevo with the intention to,

among other things, terrorise the civilian population

living there. Elsewhere, hundreds of thousands

of non-Serbs were forcibly expelled from their homes

in a campaign to carve out Thousands of men were held

in camps in deplorable There were mass murders,

beatings, rapes. It was organised and systematic

extermination, a crime In July 1995, his forces murdered

8000 Bosnian Muslims at Srebonica. It was an attempt at ethnic

elimination, the judge said. Radovan Karadzic agreed

to the killings and, The accused shared

the intent that every able-bodied Muslim male

from Srebonica be killed, which, the chamber finds,

amounts to the intent to destroy the Bosnian

Muslims in Srebonica. Among the many victims

of the Srebonica killings were the father, the

mother and the younger He survived only because he worked

as a translator for Dutch He was in court today

to hear the verdict. The genocide ruling

is important for the prevention of any potential future

genocide in the region, It is the best way to prevent future

genocides, to do international justice and have these

kind of rulings. For the bereaved, who live

their lives in the shadow of the crime, Karadzic's sentence

did not seem commensurate There has been killing

and I've been left all alone The former Foreign Secretary,

Lord Owen, was the EU He negotiated with

Karadzic for years. Karadzic rejected all his efforts

to find a negotiated peace. Behind the veneer of

sophistication, there was a man that was racist and was not

prepared, really, to consider it possible that Muslims

and Orthodox Christians could work He saw this in ethnic

and in religious terms, 21 years after he

was first indicted, Radovan Karadzic finally rose

to face justice for what the judge Count five, murder,

a crime against humanity... A quarter-century ago,

he seemed beyond accountability, Tonight, he knows he is likely

to spend the rest of his Allan Little is at

the Hague for us now. You came face-to-face with Karadzic

in the early 90s. What was your sense at that time of the nature of

his ambition and plans? We got to know him quite well, especially in

the early months of the war, when we would go and see him in the mountain

headquarters in the hills above Sarajevo, and he would explain

affably, in a friendly way, why it was necessary for non-Serbs and

Serbs to be prosecuted. -- separated. He spoke about it as if

it were normal. We knew, because we were reporting it every day, that it

was being achieved through a state sponsored criminal enterprise

involving atrocities. There seemed to be no connection between the

reality is we were seeing and the way he characterised and described

the war. I went to see him about a year into the war at a time when

Lord Owen was trying to broker a peace settlement, and the Bosnian

Serbs alone were holding out against it. Every other party had signed up

or were about to sign up. I said to Rathfarnham -- I said to Radovan

Karadzic, we were in his hotel room, I said, you might one day look back

on this moment is the moment you might have chosen peace and instead

you chose a continuation of war and embarked on a path that might one

day lead to a prison cell in the day. Egypt is get back and laugh at

what he saw as my naivete and dismissed it as implausible. It did

back then seem like a naive dream, this idea of international justice.

It doesn't seem naive to light. The memory, I think, is instructive, in

the sense that it illustrates how far this process has come to

international justice, that has been built in the years since the killing

fields of Bosnia, how far that process has come in the

establishment of these special courts and the permanent

international criminal court. It was unthinkable 20 years ago that this

could happen. Alan that at the Hague.

Police in Belgium are continuing their search

for those responsible for the bomb attacks in Brussels on Tuesday,

The latest reports suggest that there may now be two

suspects on the run, after the attacks on the main

airport and the city's metro which so-called Islamic State

Belgians have observed another minute of silence

on the third day of national mourning,

as our Europe correspondent Damian Grammaticas reports.

Belgium's king led the national mourning today.

Even as he did, the Prime Minister was being offered

resignations by his ministers of interior and justice

He refused them, but promised a full investigation.

TRANSLATION: We cannot have impunity.

The government will do absolutely everything it can to shed

light on the attacks and everything that contributed to them.

Belgium's leaders now face the twin challenges

of guiding a nation which is still in mourning whilst also overseeing

what is an ongoing investigation and dealing with the questions

which arise - most of all, could more have

been done to stop the men who did this before they carried

At least one of the men had been linked since December

to the Paris attacks and had had Europe-wide arrest warrants issued

The first piece of new information concerns the metro

attack, carried By Khalid el-Bakraoui.

Now, police are believed to be looking for a second,

unidentified man carrying a large bag, seen talking to him just before

And there are more details about the airport attackers, too.

The mystery man in the hat who ran away is still being hunted.

The suicide bomber on the left may be

Najim Laachraoui, who it is thought made the Paris bombs, too.

And the other suicide bomber here was

Ibrahim el-Bakraoui, a convicted armed robber.

This was the aftermath five years ago of the raid in which he shot

He served his time but broke his parole conditions

Last June, Turkey arrested him on the Syrian border.

Belgium was informed but did not ask for his return.

The chance to jail him again was missed.

TRANSLATION: I feel in the circumstances it was right

The Prime Minister told me, in the current situation,

in a war, you cannot leave the field.

And the one man who could answer many

questions, the Paris attacker Salah Abdeslam,

now will not cooperate with Belgian police, according to his lawyer.

He wants to go to France, that is where

he wants to explain himself, he says.

In the meantime, Belgians are left grasping for answers.

Did it missed chances to prevent the atrocities?

And what about the men still on the loose?

More than 250 people were injured in Tuesday's attack,

There are six British people among the survivors -

One British man, David Dixon, is still missing.

Our Europe correspondent, Lucy Williamson, has been speaking

to one of those caught up in the bomb attack on the Metro.

Among the first to hear Mark's story of survival,

the Belgian king - how this British policy adviser

station and into the blast from a suicide bomb.

At his home in Brussels, Mark told me those few

seconds of chaos left him with concussion, vertigo

I remember shaking his hand goodbye as I stepped off the train

and that is the last thing I remember.

I have one static image of me crouching on some stairs,

While he was being treated on the ground

outside, he says rumours of a new threat began to sweep

The bystander who was helping me said, get up, get up,

So I got up with him and simply ran in the other direction.

Other stories ended very differently.

Dozens were killed or critically injured in the attacks.

Sebastien Bellin is a former basketball player, caught

He says his initial injuries helped him survive.

I remember falling down and my hip exploding.

Now I think about it over and over, I think that saved me,

because I was already on the ground when the second one went off.

At the military hospital here, soldiers

direct victims and their families to specialist care.

Roger came here today for a consultation on the shrapnel

He was at the airport with his sister when the explosions happened.

My sister cried, it's a bomb, and I said, run!

She was on the floor and she said, I can't, I'm out of breath.

Belgium's military hospital is starting to play a central role

in the aftermath of the attacks, a place with experience

of battlefield injuries and serious burns.

A centre for the relatives has also been set up here.

Many of them say they are frustrated at how difficult it is to

get concrete information about the wounded.

Several patients in intensive care have yet to be identified.

Today, the family friends of one missing man demanded

We are told that they are hard to recognise, they are bandaged,

but we are confident that a parent, a mother and father,

can identify if it is their son or daughter lying on the hospital bed.

Three days on, many here are still waiting to know their loved ones'

stories, unsure if they are tales of survival or death.

As the authorities race to uncover more information about the Brussels

attackers, attention has turned to the city suburbs where they lived

Those same suburbs have been mentioned in connection

with the 7/7 attacks in London, and the 9/11 attacks in New York.

Our special correspondent, Fergal Keane, has spent the past few

Belgium is a state in crisis and a crisis largely made at home. The

story of the Brussels attacks is one of serial failures, in intelligence,

and long before that, integration. In Molenbeek, where the ringleaders

lived, this was the first market day since the attacks. And the Mayor

from the centre-right Liberal Party told me the country was paying a

high praise for failing to integrate its Moroccan community. They have

difficulties, difficulties to find a job, difficulties to speak French,

or Flemish, so they feel discriminated. The first influx of

Moroccans was in the 1960s, invited by Belgium to fill gaps in the

labour market. This man came to Molenbeek in 1967 and says

employment helped him to feel he belonged.

TRANSLATION: Listen, the work I did was for the Social Welfare Office.

It meant that I was integrated, we helped the weak and homeless people.

I have helped Belgian people to have a good life.

For a new generation unemployment runs at 50% among under 25s. The

attackers were people who came to extremism from lives of petty crime.

Jihad offered a sense of belonging and an alibi for indulging in

brutality. This student told me how the marginalised were recruited.

They grew up in Swiss like this, they have Dutch rebel ideas, rebel

personality, it's ended up ideas, you know, it is about education

first. In the wake of the attacks there is a sense of crisis among

Belgium's Muslims. There is the refrain familiar from other scenes

of terror, the killers do not speak for Islam. Here at Brussel's main

Islamic Centre, we found a spirit of frankness, the Imam said moderate

clerics and the state needed to work together.

TRANSLATION: We've got to get young Imams out there who can use social

media to communicate with these young people.

A lot of Imams aren't active on this issue of radicalisation. Where are

the initiatives to reach out to young people? In Brussels, just as

in London after 7/7, the talk is of forging a new relationship between

Muslims and police. No more warnings ignored, solutions in better

intelligence and community relations. This mother believes it

is long overdue, she told me she warned police two of her sons were

getting ready to fight in Syria in 2013 and that they failed to act.

The boys went and are still fighting.

TRANSLATION: We went to the authorities to ask for help because

our first son was trying to go. We were told he'd done nothing wrong.

It was not forbidden to travel to Syria to fight against Bashar.

Everything was fine, they said. This woman grew up on the street

where Salah Abdeslam was arrested just days before the Brussels

attacks. Are you pessimistic about the future? I'm not pessimistic

because I think that now the focus is on Molenbeek, on Brussels, on the

politics and we have to use it for us, make things change and making me

pessimist is not going to change anything, so let's stay positive,

stay together, show acts of solidarity and move on together.

This place has become notorious in the media as jihadi central, but

Molenbeek is really much more complex than that. If there are

going to be solutions to this crisis, they'll have to be found

here. Among people who are just as frightened of IS as everybody else

in Europe. Fergal Keane, BBC News, Molenbeek.

We are getting reports of a major security operation in Paris. I'm

seeing a statement from the French Interior Minister, Bernard

Cazeneuve. He says the police have arrested a suspect in the Paris area

who was in the advanced stages of a plot to stage an attack in France.

The raid was in a neighbourhood north-west of Paris and he's calling

it a major arrest. Then he goes on to say, "No tangible evidence yet

linking the plot to either the attacks in Paris or Brussels." They

are calling it a major arrest. Our Europe editor,

Katya Adler, is in Brussels. What is clear now is the scale of

the challenge not least when you consider Fergal's conversations

there in Molenbeek, in Brussels, and the kinds of things that people are

saying about the events of the past two days? Well, yes, that's right.

Here, in Brussels, as you know, this central square is where people are

coming to unite in their grief and anger about this week's attacks. On

a wider level, Belgium is a divided country, politically, regionally,

linguistically between German, Flemish and French speakers, so this

means on a law-keeping level, on a criminal level, crime-fighting

level, it is very divided as well with one branch often not

communicating with the other, as it should. This is really a microcosm

for the divisions inside the EU when it comes to fighting terror.

Countries, Secret Services like to keep their secrets, they don't trust

outsiders and they put their national interests first. When it

comes to politicians, they fight hard to get into government, they

don't want to give up power to a bigger body, the EU in this case. At

the very highest levels, EU leaders here in Brussels tell me they are

very frustrated about that. They believe when it comes to fighting

cross-border terror, the only way to do that is with cross-border

co-operation and intelligence sharing. They say, we have

pan-European information databases where people can pull that

information about terror suspects, we have an anti-terrorism

coordinator, too. For these mechanisms to work, they have to be

used by EU countries. When it comes to the European public, when I

travel around, most people say they worry about the war in Syria, they

worry about the radicalisation of young Muslims, particularly men,

they are concerned about the civil liberties versus security debate.

Bottom line, they want to feel safe. This debate is really changing

because in those past big attacks, in Madrid, the two attacks in Paris,

leaders were clear, this must never happen again. Here in Brussels this

week, on the day that his capital city was bombed, the Belgium Prime

Minister was saying we have to be prepared for the real possibility of

further attacks and as you just said, we have heard from Paris that

the Interior Minister believes they have just averted another huge

attack there. Katya Adler with the latest for us in the Place de la

Bourse in Brussels. The former England and Sunderland

footballer Adam Johnson has been sentenced to six years in prison

for child sex offences. Johnson - who's 28 -

was found guilty earlier this month of sexual activity

with a 15-year-old girl. The judge told him he had

abused a position of trust and caused his victim 'severe

psychological harm'. Johnson is to appeal

against his conviction, as our correspondent,

Ed Thomas, reports. Protected by gates, hidden

by blacked-out windows. Closely guarding his

final hours of freedom. Waiting at court, dozens of police

officers and camera crews, Running, trying to sneak into court,

surrounded by a chaos From England footballer,

to child sex offender, the court heard Johnson

used his fame to abuse Prosecutors said it was classic

grooming. Judge Jonathan Rose told him,

"Because of your continued denials, this girl was scared,

intimidated, called a liar. You had a gift for football,

but embarked on a compulsive Adam Johnson exploited

a young star-struck fan, actively grooming her over a period

of months, in a single-minded pursuit of his own

sexual gratification. He gave no thoughts to the young

girl's interests or welfare. After his arrest, Johnson told

Sunderland he'd kissed the girl, His attitude to women

was called deplorable. Today, a statement from his

victim was read out. She said, "I have entered many dark

places and at times I've just wanted to shut the whole world out,

feeling unable to face anyone." And then there's this -

social media, online campaigns, You have this secondary trauma

of online trolling, and revictimisation,

if you like, of the victim. It is utterly unacceptable

and further compounds the impact In his own words, Johnson admitted

he was an arrogant footballer, who thought he could

get what he wanted. Adam Johnson said life

as a footballer came easy. He told the court he had a wealth

beyond his imagination. Adam Johnson left court

still denying the abuse. He says he will appeal

against his conviction. Ed Thomas, BBC News,

Bradford Crown Court. A trial has started in London

of a treatment which it's hoped might halt the progression

of Type 1 diabetes. The condition affects

400,000 people in the UK - Unlike Type 2 diabetes,

it is not linked to lifestyle, it's caused by a faulty

immune system. A group of volunteers will receive

a series of injections at Guy's Hospital, aimed

at resetting the immune system. Our medical correspondent,

Fergus Walsh, has had exclusive Checking blood sugar levels is vital

with Type 1 diabetes. Natalie has to calibrate how much

insulin she needs to stay healthy. She is part of a pioneering trial

of an immunotherapy treatment developed at the Biomedical Research

Centre at Guy's Hospital. This is the first of six injections

she will get in the coming months. I really hope it controls my

diabetes and slows the regression, so that I can live a bit

more of a normal life, like a normal person

would without diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is caused

when the immune system mistakenly attacks specialist beta

cells in the pancreas, which produce insulin, the hormone

which regulates blood sugar levels. The injections contain protein

fragments designed to retrain the immune system so that rather

than attacking pancreatic cells, Immunotherapy is showing great

promise across a range of diseases. In cancer, it is being used

to boost our natural defences so that they can recognise

and attack tumour cells. While in conditions like multiple

sclerosis, allergies and now Type 1 diabetes, the aim is to reset

the immune system so that it doesn't The immunologist leading the trial

says, if this approach works, the benefits to patients

could be significant. If we get in with this

therapy early enough, we protect the beta cells that

remain in those patients. That means they continue

to make their own insulin, and we know that that

gives them better control Better control of blood glucose

means that their risk of future complications of

diabetes is reduced. Those complications can include

kidney, eye and heart disease. Jack was part of an immunotherapy

trial last year. Although he still has to inject

insulin, he is confident My blood glucose control

has been really tight, and a large part of that,

to my mind, is a result of this It will be a while before we know

if immunotherapy really can slow the progression of diabetes

in people like 18-year-old Alex. If it does, it will be tested

in young children before the disease takes hold, with the goal

of preventing them The Dutch footballer Johan Cruyff -

one of the greatest players He was 68 and had been

diagnosed with lung cancer. Comparing him with Pele

and Maradona, Sir Bobby Charlton said that Johan Cruyff

had changed the game - and his influence was

still being felt today. Our sports editor, Dan Roan,

looks back at his life. Johan Cruyff turned

football on its head. A player so innovative,

so influential, he even had a move But the Cruyff turn was only part

of the legend, the Dutchman remembered as a sporting

revolutionary. Having learned his skills

on the streets of post-war Amsterdam, Cruyff joined local club

Ajax, his outrageous talent helping them enjoy a period

of unprecedented success. Six Dutch league titles

and the European Cup, Sold for a world record fee

to underperforming Spanish giants Barcelona in 1973, Cruyff guided

the club to the domestic title for the first time in more

than a decade, the Nou Camp The word great, the word legend

sometimes is used a little bit You become great when you score

a goal in a game, but there are one or two greats,

there are one or two legends, Cruyff never won football's ultimate

prize, but he was the pivotal figure in a Dutch team that lit

up the 1974 World Cup. COMMENTARY: Cruyff has

come very deep indeed. In the end, the Netherlands lost

the final to West Germany but Cruyff and his team-mates will always be

remembered as the ultimate expression of total football,

an attacking tactic where players constantly switched positions,

energising a sport stuck Having been crowned European Player

of the Year three times, Cruyff's thoughts turned

to the future. After 15 years looking after things,

winning, winning, winning. I'd like now to teach

and try to give a little of my experience to

the younger players. As a coach Cruyff masterminded

league titles and a European trophy at Ajax, before leading Barcelona

to four league championships and their first European Cup,

establishing a style of play the club owes its dominance

to even now. I was lucky enough to work for him

at Barcelona for a year, He was the best player

in training most of the time, even though he is way

past his sell-by date He was an extraordinarily talented

individual and also a great Cruyff was a free thinker,

a heavy smoker until he gave up, going on to campaign for others

to quit, too. Above all, he will be remembered

for his style, his vision, his elegance, and his belief that

football must be played A belief that's formed part of every

great player and every The footballer, Johan Cruyff,

who's died at the age of 68. Newsnight is coming up on BBC Two -

here's Emily Maitlis. Tonight we talk to the man

who prosecuted Radovan Karadzic Join me now on BBC Two,

11.00pm in Scotland and Wales. Here on BBC One it's time

for the news where you are.