24/11/2013 BBC Weekend News


24/11/2013

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is Iran finally agrees to limit its nuclear programme in exchange for an

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easing of sanctions. The landmark agreement is reached in Geneva but

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it is only the six months. These are substantial limitations. It will

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help prevent Iran from building a nuclear weapons. Simply put, they

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cut Iran's most likely path to a bomb.

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It's the first breakthrough in a ten-year stand off, but Israel

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condemns it as an "historic mistake".

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Also in the programme: the Government signals it will make

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it harder for new immigrants to claim benefits.

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11,000 children killed in Syria's civil war. The latest findings

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suggest even these figures may be incomplete.

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And another humiliating batting collapse for England hands the first

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Ashes Test to Australia. Is Good evening.

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After four days of negotiation and a decade of wrangling, a deal has been

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reached over Iran's controversial nuclear programme. . President Obama

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said the West had secured "substantial limitations" to prevent

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Iran from building a nuclear weapon. Iran's President described the

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agreement as comprehensive. But the deal is only the six months and

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Israel has been highly critical. Here's what's been agreed.

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Iran will neutralise its stockpile of near 20% enriched uranium, the

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base level for a crude nuclear weapon.

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It's also promised to stop enriching uranium beyond 5%, the level it can

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be used for weapons research. In return, there will be no new

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nuclear-related sanctions for six months. This report from our Tehran

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Correspondent James Reynolds contains some flash photography.

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Iran wants to be treated as an equal, not an outcast. At 3am, in

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Geneva, it began to reach its goal. Iran's Foreign Minister, Javad

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Zarif, signed his country's most important agreement with world

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powers in a decade. Even the negotiators wanted to celebrate.

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Here, they invite the EU's Catherine Ashton to celebrate. Javad Zarif

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even manages a half hug with the French Foreign Minister, and early

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sceptic of the deal. He seems to enjoy himself in Geneva. The

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temporary deal he takes back home gives Iran sanctions relief and

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allows him to continue enriching uranium to a certain level. We

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believe that the current agreement, the current plan of action as we

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call it, into distinct places, has a very clear reference to the fact

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that uranium enrichment programmes will continue and will be a part of

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any agreement, now and in the future. For the next six months,

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Iran's nuclear programme will have official limits. The restrictions

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are designed to make it much harder for Iran to make an actual nuclear

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weapons, and ambition its government always denies. These are substantial

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limitations which will help prevent Iran from building a nuclear

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weapons. Simply put, they cut Iran's most likely path to a bomb.

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But this does not reassure Israel. This morning in Jerusalem, its Prime

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Minister, Binyamin Netanyahu, accused the world powers of making a

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bad deal. What was concluded in Geneva last night is not an historic

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agreement, it is an historic mistake. It has not made the world a

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safer place. We cannot and will not allow a regime that calls for the

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destruction of Israel to obtain the means to achieve this goal. It may

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be that the deal was reached here in the city because the US and Iran had

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their own secret back channel. And it proves an important point, the

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nuclear agreement is largely about Iran and the United States

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overcoming their own three decades of mistrust.

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As you were hearing, the United States and Iran are said to have

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engaged in months of secret, high-level negotiations that paved

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the way for the deal in Geneva. Our world affairs correspondent Mike

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Wooldridge examines the background to the agreement. There is some

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flash photography in this report as well.

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The relationship between Iran and the West has been dominated for

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years by one issue, whether Iran is or is not seeking to develop nuclear

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weapons, and the suspicions about how much it might have hidden from

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the weapons inspectors. In public, September's 15 minute phone

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conversation between President Obama and the newly elected president

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Hassan Rouhani rose the potential to end this seemingly intractable

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dispute. But it now emerges that behind the scenes, the US and Iran

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have been engaged in secret face-to-face talks about the

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controversial nuclear facilities and the sanctions for months in Iran and

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elsewhere. A high-stakes diplomatic gamble. And this afternoon, in

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London, the emphasis was on the challenges ahead. Now the really

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hard part begins and that is the effort to get the comprehensive

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agreement, which will require enormous steps in terms of

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verification, transparency and accountability. It is a good deal,

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it is a good deal for the Middle East and for the world. It is a very

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important opportunity for the future and I think it vindicates the policy

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of pressure through sanctions. It was a key part of Hassan Rouhani's

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election platform that his government would ease the lives of

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Iranians in its first 100 days. Almost on target, he is now claiming

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that is what the Geneva deal will deliver.

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TRANSLATION: Through implementing this agreement, the regime of

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sanctions will be broken, whether others like it or not. Cracks have

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been made in the sanctions regime. There is another task, convincing

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the sceptics that Iran will not end up still potentially able to produce

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nuclear weapons. Israel is not alone. Saudi Arabia and most Iran's

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Arab neighbours are also uneasy. To pull it off may require even more

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intense diplomacy. Tighter controls on the benefits

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that can be claimed by new EU migrants are being considered by the

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Government. David Cameron wants to ensure that new immigrants spend

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longer in the country before they can access any benefits, which could

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put him at odds with the EU. Our political correspondent Vicki Young

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is with me now. Talk through the steps being considered. It is about

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the restrictions being lifted on Romanians and Bulgarians, lifted

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from the 1st of January and to some extent, the Tories are responding to

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some public anxiety about what the impact would be. The UK cannot stop

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those people coming here but they are looking at a change in the

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benefits. At the moment, you have to be here for just three months before

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you can qualify for certain benefits and that could be extended to up to

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a year. The Liberal Democrats have already expressed concerns, saying

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it would put us at odds with Brussels, which they don't want to

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happen and that EU rules say countries are to treat migrants in

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the same way as their own citizens. The Lib Dems wanted to be agreed

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across the EU and point out that most migrants to the UK do work and

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contribute to the economy. More than 11,000 children have been

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killed in the conflict in Syria since 2011, according to a new

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report which examines the extent of human suffering there. The Oxford

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Research Group says many children have been targeted by snipers, while

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others have suffered torture. You may find some of the images in Lyse

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Doucet's report disturbing. This northern area of Aleppo is

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where the most Syrian children have died. It is a war where the youngest

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are not just caught in crossfire, they are targeted, even tortured.

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This report is an effort to establish how and where Syria's

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children are dying. The vast majority, it says, were killed by

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bombs or shells in their own neighbourhood. But many were singled

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out. 389 cases of sniper fire. 764 summary executions. And it found 112

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recorded death by torture. Some were just infants. But most were teenage

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boys. The report says they are at greatest risk. Here at in the

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streets and old enough to fight --they are ahead in the streets. The

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report suggests these figures are incomplete, access is impossible in

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some areas, but it still highlights the horrors. Children are targeted

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because it destroys a community, it destroys family. When you know your

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child has been tortured, murdered, brutalised, you lose the will to

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live. The world took notice during the chemical weapons attacks in

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Damascus suburbs in August, but it did not stop the War, this war on

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childhood. Across this region, Syria's children face an uncertain

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future. This report is also a plea to all sides in this conflict to

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spare the most vulnerable and it calls for the threat of prosecutions

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against those who continue to commit the worst of atrocities in a war

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that just keeps getting worse. The Business Secretary, Vince Cable,

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has passed evidence of Royal Bank of Scotland's treatment of small

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businesses to City regulators. The lender is facing a series of

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allegations over its handling of small businesses, but it says it is

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already committed to an inquiry into its practices. An adviser to Vince

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Cable has compiled a report which accuses RBS of driving some

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companies into liquidation to seize their assets.

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With all the sport, now, here's Lizzie Greenwood Hughes at the BBC

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Sport Centre. Hello, thank you very much. The

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Ashes series is fast turning into an ugly battle both on and off the

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pitch. England were beaten by Australia in the opening test with a

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day to spare, 381 runs was the margin of victory, home side. But

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despite their win, there has been no letup with Australia's war of words.

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This is an image that will linger from Brisbane, Australia's captain

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in the face of England's James Anderson. But even if on field

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Banton strays into talk of breaking bones and both sides accepted,

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England can accept they were utterly outplayed. Bowled out for 179 in

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their second innings for a crushing defeat. What a troubled Alastair

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Cook were earlier comments from David Warner suggesting England and

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Jonathan Trott was scared. The comment by David Warner was pretty

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disrespectful to any professional cricketer, really. On the pitch, it

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is pretty much war, isn't it, anyway? There will always be a few

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words, that is the way people want to watch cricket being played, tough

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and hard. On the pitch is fine. Cook's own batting contribution was

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England's only real resistance, the only man to make a half-century.

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England had promised to fight even in pursuit of certain defeat, but

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when he was out after a rain delay, the game was quickly. Nathan Lyons'

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spin was too much of him and for Matthew prior, who suddenly seems to

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have lost form. Mitchell Johnson was tearing in at 90 mph and England

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held their bats like candles in a gale. There is a fearsome fast

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bowler to content with the rest of this series. But the captain

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defended the way his team operates. There is always banter on the field

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between England and Australia, teams that play tough and hard fought

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cricket on the field. I still believe there is a mutual respect

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off the field. Cyanide fell on the test match -- so night fell on the

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test match with the atmosphere more toxic than ever. These teams know

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each other very well and perhaps as a consequence, they don't like each

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other very much. There have been plenty of goals in

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today's two Premier League matches. Manchester City put six past

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Tottenham in a game the Spurs manager later said his side should

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be a ashamed of. Jesus Navas scored after 14 seconds and completed the

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scoring in injury time, 6-0. They go above Manchester United, who were

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held to a 2-2 draw in Cardiff, came within injury time equaliser.

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Ireland were denied their first-ever victory over New Zealand, conceding

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a last-gasp try in Dublin, having led the final Autumn International

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for almost the whole match. They were beaten 24-22 by a New Zealand

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try and conversion in added time. The All Blacks are now the first

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side in rugby union's professional era to go a whole year unbeaten. And

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Formula One's Sebastian Vettel has rounded up another commanding season

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with a record equalling ninth successive Grand Prix win, this time

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in Brazil. The German's Red Bull team-mate Mark

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Webber was second in his last ever Grand Prix. And that is the sport.

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Thanks very much indeed. There is more throughout the evening on the

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BBC News Channel and we are back with the late

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