21/05/2017 BBC Weekend News


21/05/2017

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Tonight at Ten, President Trump has told the leaders of more

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than forty Muslim nations, they must unite, to defeat

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Speaking in Saudi Arabia, he said the Middle East cannot wait

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for American power to crush the "barbaric criminals".

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And we're live in Edinburgh tonight - where the Scottish party leaders

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have engaged in their first televised debate of the campaign.

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Take your second referendum off the table...

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..Do what you promised the people of Scotland...

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There were some robust exchanges on the question

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of Scottish independence - the impact of Brexit -

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And we'll have the latest reaction to Conservative plans for reforming

:00:53.:00:56.

social care and winter fuel benefit for pensioners.

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President Trump has told the leaders of more than 40 Muslim nations,

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they must join forces to defeat religious extremism.

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He also said Arab leaders had a responsibility to tackle violence

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Speaking in Saudi Arabia, on the second day of his tour

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of the Middle East and Europe, he said extremists must find no

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sanctuary, and he accused Iran of representing "the tip

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of the spear of terrorism," helping to fuel sectarian conflict.

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Our North America Editor, Jon Sopel, is travelling with the President.

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The president has been on a deep immersion into Middle East politics

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today, and a charm offensive, meeting a host of Arab and Gulf

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And one central geopolitical subject, the fight against Islamist

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extremism, and how to make good on his pledge to destroy

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But after the trenchant and some would say Islamophobic language

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of the Trump election campaign the president chose a much more

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We are not here to tell other people how to live.

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Instead, we are here to offer partnership.

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Based on shared interests and values.

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And he framed the choice that Arab leaders faced like this.

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This is not a battle between different faiths.

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This is a battle between barbaric criminals who seek to obliterate

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human life and decent people all in the name of religion.

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This is a battle between good and evil.

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And he said that if terrorism was to be defeated it was up

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to the people in that room to do more.

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A better future is only possible if your nations

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Drive them out of your places of worship.

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This speech was a far cry from the language that

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Donald Trump and his allies used during the campaign.

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No more mention of this being a clash of sterilisations.

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-- No more mention of this being a clash of civilisations.

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And the one phrase that he chided Hillary Clinton and Barack Obama

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for not using, radical Islamic terrorism was not even mentioned.

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Donald J Trump is calling for a total and complete

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shutdown of Muslims entering the United States.

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Radical Islam is coming to our shores.

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We have a radical Islamic terrorism problem, folks.

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Donald Trump has made a lot of friends with his

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A more inclusive tone, a pledge of American help,

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combined with a strong attack on Iran.

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Exactly what his Saudi hosts were hoping for.

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And this is what President Trump wants to see more of,

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the new global centre for combating extremist ideology that

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And the clear message, this is a worldwide problem

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Our Security Correspondent Frank Gardner joins us

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from the Saudi Capital Riyadh now, Frank.

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And the listened intently to the President's words, but what do you

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think many of them are subjects and citizens made of his speech? They

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nearly always is a considerable gulf between what leaders and government,

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official media says, and what people are saying at street level. At an

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official level, it has gone down well, there is some relief in Riyadh

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that somebody who shoots from the hip and goes off script has stuck to

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the script. And has said things that have gone down pretty popularly

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here. At street level people are saying, one speech isn't going to

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undo the prejudice they think America shows towards the Muslim

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nations, that goes back decades in their view. People in Iran are

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saying this is a slap in the face for their election that they had

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only two days ago, which has re-elected a relative reformer.

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People in some other countries have pointed to the fact that Saudi

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Arabia has been supporting some fairly extreme groups, or money has

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ended up in extreme hands in Syria. It is a mixed reaction. I would not

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call it a total success in terms of the way the Middle East sees this.

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Thanks very much. Now with the latest general election

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news, let's go live to Huw Edwards, who's in Edinburgh tonight,

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Huw. In Edinburgh tonight -

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the party leaders in Scotland have engaged in their first major

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debate of the campaign - there were some robust exchanges -

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on the question of a second independence referendum -

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and on the implications of Brexit. They also touched on some

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of the welfare reforms that the Conservatives

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are proposing at Westminster. We'll have more on the

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debate in a moment. But first - the latest on those

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controversial Conservative plans - for reforming social care in England

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- and the winter fuel Our political correspondent

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Alex Forsyth reports. In elections, manifestos are key,

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a pitch to voters, one of her promises last week -

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a fairer country for young and old. Real technical education

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for young people. And the first ever proper plan

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to pay for and provide social care. But in her party there

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is some disquiet about What it'll mean for pensioners

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and homeowners, not least On the doorstep yesterday,

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Theresa May was to explain. Well, currently in England you pay

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for care if you have assets Under the new plan that'll

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go up to ?100,000. So nobody with assets worth less

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than that will have to pay. But that new calculation will

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include the value of your house, The Work and Pensions Secretary

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today said nobody would have to sell their home in their lifetime

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and the plan would protect some And people who are lucky

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to have had great rises in property value will still,

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I think, decide that the ?100,000 But this has got to be put

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into the context of this is funding The Conservatives say this policy

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shows if they end up back in here they will make the tough

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choices needed by governments. Boris Johnson said he understood

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people's reservations, However, the party's political

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opponents sense some vulnerability. What we are seeing this weekend

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with the Conservatives under increasing pressure

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because they have If you or your loved one has

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or will get dementia, Labour, too, is on the attack,

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claiming the Tory plan is unfair. The reason some people unfortunately

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call this a dementia tax is because you don't know

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what condition you'll suffer from. If it is a more serious one

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like dementia, and I'll tell you, I've been through this in my family,

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I know what it is like, what happens But the Tories say to sustain

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a system that is stretched they will stick to this plan

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and consult on the detail. Nonetheless, Labour's pitching

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hard to older voters, confident on this they can

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gain some ground. Here in Edinburgh tonight -

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the party leaders debated the question of a second

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independence referendum - the likely impact of Brexit -

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and the direction of health and education policy -

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two areas of responsibility Our correspondent Lorna Gordon

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reports on the first leaders' debate The question of whether there should

:10:05.:10:22.

be a second independence referendum dominates politics in Scotland.

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Tonight's election debate covered Brexit and Scotland's future

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relationship with Europe. No surprise that the Fire East comments

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were about Scotland's place in the UK. -- the fiery comments were about

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Scotland's place in the UK. Arguing over who has been driving the

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constitutional debate so far. She says I talk about nothing else. She

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talks so much about independent I cannot get a word in. I have a Tory

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leaflet here and it mentions an independence referendum 26 times. It

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doesn't mention the NHS ones. It doesn't mention education once.

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There was a simple way, if people want me to stop fighting

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independence, there is a simple way of doing it, take your second

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referendum of the table. The Labour manifesto is clearly against

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independence and a referendum because of the ?15 billion worth of

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additional cuts that would come with that. For the SNP it's always about

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independence. Today Brexit is the excuse. Every other day it could be

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any excuse. There were questions from the audience, some on devolved

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issues such as health, education, and passion from the party leaders.

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The You have had ten years. Proud of

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cuts, fewer support staff, and a widening gap between the richest and

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poorest, that your -- that is your record. The gap between the richest

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on the poorest is not widening. The gap between the richest and the

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poorest is narrowing. You should put a modest penny on income tax to have

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a colossal effect on public services. We want to invest

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education... For Ruth Davidson the task was to defend decisions at

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Westminster at times. You are having remote ability cars taken away. More

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have been issued now since 2010. For the Greens and you get a chance to

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pitch to a wider audience. Plenty for voters to ponder with a general

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election campaign which still has weeks to run.

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Well our Scotland Editor Sarah Smith is here.

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She has been busy, she was motivating the debate earlier this

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evening. There were tough exchanges. This is a Westminster election, yet

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the debate will be on that. There were some good questions from the

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audience about health and education that sparked some of the liveliest

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issues. That is controlled by the Scottish Government in Holyrood.

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They have been in government for ten years now. People are taking into

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account how the schools and hospitals are being run. It cannot

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be divorced from the Westminster election. Nicola Sturgeon got a hard

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time about that. She also had a few blows on Ruth Davidson, talking

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about austerity cuts. It is noticeable that Ruth Davidson often

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looks at her most uncomfortable when she is defending policies of the UK

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Conservative Party that come from Westminster. Brexit and independence

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were the main topics of the night. Nicola Sturgeon wanting to get a

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message across, a vote for the SNP is to get Scotland's voice heard in

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the Brexit negotiations. She didn't answer the question about how bad

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will happen when the PM has already ruled out having a seat at the

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Brexit negotiating table. On the independence referendum, labour and

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the Lib Dems keen to say they will block a second referendum, they will

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not let it happen. They are worried the Tories have portrayed themselves

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as the party that will do the most to protect the UK. They want to get

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in and say they will block any referendum, as well. Thanks very

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much. Consumer borrowing is approaching

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levels not seen since the 2008 financial crisis -

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with almost three million people struggling with severe

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debt across the UK. It's an issue both the Conservatives

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and Labour are addressing in their manifestos -

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both promising schemes that make it As part of our

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Reality Check series on key issues in the run up to the election -

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tonight, Steph McGovern When you are in debt,

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keeping your head above water can be really hard work,

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and if you look at our combined personal debt in the UK,

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we owe something like ?1.5 trillion. Look at those zeroes,

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it is a lot of money, the equivalent of everyone over 16

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owing ?28,000 each. The bulk of that money

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is on mortgages, at ?1.3 trillion. Then if you look at spending

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on credit cards, that is Overdrafts, personal

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loans, and a big growth Not included is student-loan debt,

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at about ?86 billion, which has What do people actually

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think about that? We rounded up a couple

:15:41.:15:48.

of swimmers, Tracey and Mike. There is a purpose for credit cards,

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I use them for overseas transactions and things I am not familiar with,

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but I pay it off immediately, In my student days, I was in quite

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a large amount of student debt, and that is an area I do not

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want to return to. Bills come in constantly,

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but I try to look at the positives, because there are people

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who are a lot worse off. Next time you can have a swim

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when your arm is better, It is people with money problems

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who come to you at the food bank? It is not just about food,

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although we distribute two tonnes They come with other

:16:43.:16:44.

issues, and debt issues There has been a change in the type

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of people coming with debt problems? Yes, it used to just be people

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on low income, benefit income, but now it is people working,

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they are using their credit facilities to get

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through to the next payday. There is a lot of debt

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sloshing around out there, but how do we compare

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to our neighbours? This shows debt as a percentage

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of disposable income, and you can see the UK is quite

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high, but not as high as Australia, Denmark and Canada,

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all of which have robust Do we need to worry

:17:30.:17:31.

about being in debt? Debt sounds like a dirty word,

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but it does not have to be, as long as you can repay

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what you borrow, and you are not using it to cover your

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day-to-day living expenses. Wages are not expected to go

:17:44.:17:44.

up and inflation is, so that could squeeze our household

:17:45.:17:48.

incomes, and we will If rates went up by 1%,

:17:49.:17:50.

that would be an extra ?71 a month on an 85-grand

:17:51.:18:00.

variable-rate tracker mortgage. Research from Experian says that

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almost 6 million households currently have no savings

:18:04.:18:06.

whatsoever, which could leave people struggling if things

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do get more costly. But debt can be good

:18:09.:18:14.

if you are repaying it sensibly, it can help you to buy things

:18:15.:18:18.

to make your life easier. For many people, managing

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it is dependent on economic stability, and things might look

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calm at the moment, but there And for more on the election,

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including details on how to register to vote -

:18:29.:18:43.

the deadline is tomorrow - head to our website at

:18:44.:18:46.

bbc.co.uk/election2017. Scientists in the UK

:18:47.:18:56.

are investigating whether many cases of depression could be triggered

:18:57.:19:06.

by an overactive immune system. It's a theory attracting a lot

:19:07.:19:11.

of attention, and researchers are now looking at whether some

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anti-inflammatory drugs might Our Medical Correspondent Fergus

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Walsh has this special report. Depression is now the leading

:19:16.:19:23.

cause of ill health But around a third of patients

:19:24.:19:25.

who seek help don't respond to drug So now scientists are trying

:19:26.:19:32.

a radical new approach. This team at King's College London

:19:33.:19:46.

are examining physical, rather In particular, they are looking

:19:47.:19:48.

at whether the immune system, which is designed to defend our

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bodies, can be a source Carmine Pariante has spent

:19:58.:20:00.

20 years investigating the link between the immune

:20:01.:20:04.

system and depression. So we know that stress

:20:05.:20:08.

activates the immune system. It is a physiological response

:20:09.:20:12.

in a situation of dangers. However, chronic life adversity

:20:13.:20:19.

switches on the immune It disrupts the connection

:20:20.:20:21.

between the different neurones and this is what creates

:20:22.:20:26.

the depressive symptoms. They are looking for bio markers

:20:27.:20:30.

in patients' blood and saliva that show inflammation,

:20:31.:20:33.

a sign that the immune They are hoping to help patients

:20:34.:20:34.

like Michaela Whitton from Brighton. Depression, I think,

:20:35.:20:42.

has always been with me, from my teenage years

:20:43.:20:44.

until today, you know? It's been something that has limited

:20:45.:20:48.

my capacity and capabilities. Probably progressively more

:20:49.:20:56.

so as you get older, as well. Michaela has given tissue samples

:20:57.:21:03.

and is being scanned to see whether her immune system has caused

:21:04.:21:05.

inflammation in her brain. It's part of a Wellcome Trust funded

:21:06.:21:13.

trial led by Ed Bullmore. He says drugs used for conditions

:21:14.:21:17.

like rheumatoid arthritis If we can identify the bio markers

:21:18.:21:19.

that will allow us to predict which patients with depression

:21:20.:21:28.

are most likely to respond to anti-inflammatory drugs,

:21:29.:21:31.

the good news is that there are a lot of anti-inflammatory drugs

:21:32.:21:34.

already available that might turn There are several trials underway

:21:35.:21:37.

testing anti-inflammatory For Michaela, finding a cause

:21:38.:21:42.

which is not in the mind would help To be able to say there are physical

:21:43.:21:47.

causes for depression, or other mental health issues -

:21:48.:21:53.

this is immense. It's a massive, massive turnaround

:21:54.:21:59.

and will definitely go towards combating some of the stigma

:22:00.:22:01.

that we have here around Our Medical Correspondent,

:22:02.:22:04.

Fergus Walsh reporting. The UN Security Council is to meet

:22:05.:22:20.

on Tuesday to discuss the latest missile test by North Korea which

:22:21.:22:24.

took place despite warnings of new sanctions. It's the latest in a

:22:25.:22:28.

series of tests and launches amid concerns about the country's nuclear

:22:29.:22:30.

capability. Earlier this month,

:22:31.:22:34.

North Korea successfully launched a long range missile -

:22:35.:22:36.

prompting protests from Japan. The latest launch is being analysed

:22:37.:22:38.

by Washington and South Korea. Felixstowe coastguard says it's

:22:39.:22:41.

concerned for a family of minke One adult washed up

:22:42.:22:43.

on a beach yesterday, while a second and a young calf

:22:44.:22:46.

are also believed to have died. Three more whales appeared to be

:22:47.:22:49.

in trouble further out to sea, In football, all 20 teams

:22:50.:22:52.

were in action on the final day of the Premier League season,

:22:53.:23:00.

with the action dominated by the Match of the Day follows the news,

:23:01.:23:03.

and later in Scotland, so if you don't want to know

:23:04.:23:10.

what happened you know what to do. Manchester City and Liverpool

:23:11.:23:14.

grabbed the last two Champions League spots

:23:15.:23:16.

at the expense of Arsenal. And Chelsea, have been

:23:17.:23:19.

crowned Premier League Champions. Today they beat Sunderland

:23:20.:23:22.

5-1 at Stamford Bridge, in a match that marked the end

:23:23.:23:27.

of captain John Terry's career at the club, after more

:23:28.:23:29.

than 700 appearances. Celtic have completed an entire

:23:30.:23:34.

league season unbeaten, the first time that's happened

:23:35.:23:36.

in Scotland since the 1890s. Today they won their final

:23:37.:23:39.

game 2-0 against Hearts, finishing on 106 points,

:23:40.:23:41.

thirty ahead of Aberdeen Celtic Park can seem

:23:42.:23:43.

like its own world, rotating around Scottish

:23:44.:23:55.

football, untouchable, invincible. With traditional respect,

:23:56.:23:59.

Celtic were applauded Many opponents have just been

:24:00.:24:00.

observers this season. Here they had to wait

:24:01.:24:06.

until the second half Displays to remember 1967

:24:07.:24:10.

when Celtic were the best team in Europe,

:24:11.:24:16.

never mind Scotland. But here now was an opportunity

:24:17.:24:21.

for Stuart Armstrong, for Celtic's 106th

:24:22.:24:23.

of the league season, 2-0 the final score, manager

:24:24.:24:25.

Brendan Rodgers' first Scottish Ambitions must lie in

:24:26.:24:32.

the European Champions League. With the cup final to come,

:24:33.:24:47.

in Scotland all they could You can see more on all of today's

:24:48.:24:50.

stories on the BBC News Channel. But do stay with us on BBC1,

:24:51.:24:59.

it's now time for all news where

:25:00.:25:04.

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