19/12/2017 Beyond 100 Days

You're watching Beyond 100 Days.

The US says it will

de-nuclearize North Korea

with or without its cooperation.

Donald Trump's National

Security Advisor says

every nation should share

Washington's concerns.

As for Russia - General McMaster

acknowledged they did interfere

last year's presidential election.

Russia is engaged in a very

sophisticated subversion

to affect our confidence

in democratic institutions.

Disruption on Capitol Hill as

Disruption on Capitol Hill as

Congress prepares to pass President

Trump's tax bill. The vote is about

to take place. We will bring you the

latest from capital Hill.

What does it take to be a superager?

At 95 years young Hilda Jaffe

is setting an example and scientists

think drugs could soon help

the rest of us.

Also on the programme.

Allegations about Hollywood

producer Harvey Weinstein.

We hear from a former colleague

who tells us about her experience.

500-year-old leftovers -

what these turkey bones tell us

about trans-Atlantic

trade in the 1500s.

Get in touch with us

using the hashtag Beyond 100 Days.

Hello and welcome -

I'm Katty Kay in Washington

and Christian Fraser is in London.

Donald Trump has ordered his top

officials to refine a military plan

to deal with North Korea.

In an interview with the BBC the US

National Security Adviser HR

McMaster says the United States has

to be prepared,

if necessary, to compel

North Korea to end its nuclear

weapons programme,

with or without their cooperation.

Last week the Secretary

of State Rex Tillerson hinted

the US was ready to talk

to North Korea

without preconditions.

But the comments from the national

security advisor seem

to contradict that view.

General McMaster's been

speaking to our colleague,

Yalda Hakim.

Are you committed to peaceful

resolution to this?

Of course, that's what we want

but we're not committed

to a peaceful, but a resolution.

We want it to be peaceful

but as the President said,

all options are on the table

and we have to be prepared

if necessary to compel

the denuclearisation of North Korea

without the cooperation

of that regime.

Leading Republicans,

such as Senator Lindsey Graham have

said there is a 30% chance of war.

If they continue with the strikes

it could go up to 70%.

Is war imminent?

The chances of war could

go up and down based

on what we all decide to do.

North Korea is a great

threat to all civilised

people across the globe.

Now is not the time to talk. We need

to see a fundamental shift and

conditions. We cannot afford any

more to repeat the mistakes of the

pass.

Would you be willing to talk

to the north Koreans bilaterally and

hear them out? Under what

conditions? No conditions. Under

what conditions? There was no

agenda, just talk.

That is going to

be up to the president to decide

that what is create now is that we

cannot in any way the efforts to

continue the isolation of the regime

diplomatically and economically.

What has happened in the past as

north Korea has entered into talks

to get the pressure relieved, and

fennel stalks that nothing but still

of the ability for the north to

continue its programmes and checked.

That Winter Olympics are coming up

in February 2018 and South Korea,

would you feel safe sending your

family there?

Yes, we have a very

strong alliance capability between

the South Korean Armed Forces and

our Armed Forces. When you extend

that regionally, what this crisis is

doing is that is driving our allies

closer and closer together with us

and in particular South Korea, Japan

and the United States.

All of the US intelligence

communities have said that Russia

interfered in the 2016 elections.

Putting the politics to one side,

would you say that this

is a national-security

risk and threat?

Certainly it is.

With this strategy, we say

explicitly in the document

that the strategy views the world

as it is, it does not create

an aspirational model,

so that's what we have to view

Russian behaviour as, look

at what they are actually doing.

Of course we have to counter

their destabilising behaviour

and the sophisticated campaigns

of propaganda and disinformation,

efforts to polarise communities

and pit them against each other

especially in the democratic world

in a free and open society.

They use it against countries

to weaken their popular

will and resolve.

Do you believe that Russia meddled

in the 2016 elections?

I believe Russia has engaged

in a very sophisticated

campaign of subversion

to affect our confidence

in democratic institutions...

They meddled?

Including your elections?

They used propaganda

and disinformation on both sides

to support very left groups,

to support the very right groups,

and so what they want to do

was create the kind of tension,

vitriol that undermines our

confidence in who we are.

I talk about any societies that has

come under attack from them. There

is a similar approach in Catalonia

in Spain.

Is this something the President

is saying as well?

Yes, of course.

He's acknowledging this

meddling took place?

Yes, publicly.

Will you ensure this kind

of interference does not

happen in the future?

Certainly, to the degree we have

agency control over it but one

of the most important things to do

is to pull the curtain back on this

activity and expose it.

There is a feeling that there is

nothing like this administration,

nothing like this president. There

is intrigued in this court politics.

The intrigue is interesting to

people but I have not paid attention

to it. It has not affected our work

on the National Security Council or

our ability to serve the president.

Would your life be easier

if the president stopped tweeting?

Aristotle said focus

on what you can control.

The President will do

what he wants to do.

And it's his way of reaching

the American people.

It's a communication

which is very successful for him.

He has quite a number

of followers around the world.

My job is not to

worry about Twitter.

That is our job to worry about

Twitter and what comes out of the

president's Twitter account. I

picked up on the Russia staff more

than the north Korean issue because

they seem to be saying if conditions

were right they would talk to north

Korea. That is where the White House

is coming from. This issue of

Russia, this language, I believe

Russia is engaged in a sophisticated

campaign of subversion. I have not

heard the president, whatever the

national security adviser says, say

something quite that clear, and

perhaps if he did, and said

repeatedly, this Russia

investigation might go away.

If it comes from the top, and as HR

McMaster says, if you reveal what

Russia has been up to, he could do a

lot more, and that has been a

complaint from the intelligence

agencies that for some reason,

whatever reason it is, the president

is loaf to criticise Russia and is

particularly the Russian president.

The other thing, he says the

National securities strategy sets

out the world as letters but I am

not convinced when you read that 70

page documents that you get the same

tone from the president. There are

so many disparities and what he said

yesterday and what is in the

document that you wonder if he is

completely behind the strategy.

Let's get the thoughts of former US

defense secretary William Cohen,

who joins me now in the studio.

Listening to HR McMaster, what did

you take away from that? I did take

away the notion that they are

prepared to pull back the curtain to

look at what Russia has been doing.

That is the case they should back

away from trying to undermine the

investigation. The president has

come out, I give the president

credit for raising that document, it

is his now. He has two Orna

everything that is in that. What is

interesting is that all of the items

in that document, his conduct for

the first year in office is

contradictory to what is in that

document. There is a mismatch

between what has been taking place

and what is no in the document. For

example, respect for the rule of

law, the president has done much to

undermine the rule of law, attacking

CIE, the court system, FBI,

attacking the investigation and are

we seeing it as a witchhunt. There

is a disconnect between what is

being said and what is being done.

Hopefully the president will most up

to match some of the rhetoric with

the deeds going forward. Pulling the

curtain back on Russia will be

important but I believe there is no

question in our intelligence

communities they were not trying to

alter and influence the election

itself. The president has yet to

actually admit that and see it

forthrightly. Seeing China might

have been behind it, north Korea.

That is an issue. He could perhaps

take a cue from his

national-security adviser. Let us go

back to the 70 page document that

Donald Trump gave a speech on

yesterday. Do you now understand

what the trump doctrine of American

foreign policy is?

It appears to be

something of a throwback to

Realpolitik, balanced power

politics, the world as we see it. It

is OK to look at the world as we see

it that we should also have a policy

to make the world as we wanted to

be. We need to be actively engaged

in trying to shape events rather

than being held prisoner by those

events. That is what is missing in

terms of this looking inward, it is

saying that we have been taken

advantage of, we want the rule of

law and diplomacy but they have cut

the diplomatic budget by 30%, many

positions have not been filled.

Matching the deeds with the words

that have been uttered, it'll be

interesting going forward.

If you

were to ask people around the world

what is the most alarming foreign

policy trained at the moment they

would definitely say north Korea.

There is no way that Pyongyang is

going to denuclearise as a

precondition for talks.

I do not

think they will. What we have to do

is continue to beef up our defence

capability in South Korea and also

in Japan. We have two, unilaterally

if we must, bring the north Korean

economy to its knees, then set the

table for how we might go about

talking to the north Koreans. It is

not alarming, but got my attention,

the implication that we are going to

do it by force if necessary, whether

the Chinese are helping, not

helping, the Russians helping or

not, we are going to do it by force,

if we have the take those nuclear

capabilities out. That is something

we have to watch carefully. I do not

think Secretary Tillotson will be in

favour of that and I doubt if any

military adviser would soon let us

go and take it militarily.

Thank you

very much.

The train that derailed

in Washington State on Monday

was travelling at twice

the speed limit as it

came around a corner.

13 of the 14 carriages

were thrown from the track,

some of them over a bridge

and onto rush hour traffic below.

The train was carrying 86 passengers

as it made its inaugural

journey, on a new route

from Seattle to Portland.

Three people were killed

in the accident.

The UK's new aircraft carrier, HMS

Queen Elizabeth, has sprung a leak.

The carrier that was commissioned

by the Queen earlier this

month in Portsmouth,

has a problem with one

of its propeller shafts.

The fault was first

identified during sea trials.

A Royal Navy spokesman said the ship

was scheduled for repair

and the fault will not prevent it

from sailing again

early in the new year.

US immigration figures show

there have been fewer

deportations this year,

compared to President Obama's

first year in office.

Data suggests that 177,000

fewer migrants were deported,

compared to 2009, despite

President Trump's tough

stance on immigration.

Elsewhere, figures suggest

unauthorized border crossing

attempts from Mexico have also

dropped by nearly

150,000.

That is interesting. Border

crossings have fallen. The rhetoric,

from Donald Trump's perspective is

working. The same is true here of

Brexit, net migration has fallen to

the lowest since records began.

Seemingly the rhetoric of you are

not welcome does work if you want to

keep people out. The strange thing

is that the number of deportations

has fallen when he seems to have

given so much leeway to the

authorities.

That is interesting because there

have been figures suggesting that

the number of arrests of

undocumented immigrants has actually

gone up in this year, it might just

be that people are still in the

backlog, they have been arrested,

they are waiting for the process,

they have not yet been deported.

Those figures on emigration as

people crossing into America were

falling already. Net migration was

negative on to the United States

across the Mexican border before

President Trump took office which is

why many people said, why is

emigration such a big deal? The

Mexican economy is doing better and

people are staying at home and

getting their jobs there.

President Trump is one step closer

to getting his first major

legislative victory in the form

of tax reform.

The House of

Representatives is to vote

through the biggest overhaul

of the US system in

more than 30 years.

Next it will go to the Senate

and then on to the President's desk.

Critics say it's a giveaway

to corporations and the wealthy.

But Republicans insist it will boost

economic growth and create jobs.

Among them is Congressman Francis

Rooney from Florida and I spoke

to him from Capitol Hill

a short time ago.

It seems the Republican Party

is about to pass a tax bill

that 55% of Americans

say

they disapprove of.

Why are they doing it?

When the 55% of Americans that

you are talking about realise

what's in the tax bill

they'll change their mind.

The liberal media in

the United States has been a bit

one-sided in how they have

described the bill.

This is always a communications

effort and it seems

like the Democrats have managed to

get their communications effort more

effectively than yours has, then?

I think you could probably

make that argument.

Of course they have the more willing

media to support them.

The tax bill depends on the idea

of boosting American growth.

But the Tax Policy

Centre, a bipartisan

independent group, has come out

and said that what is in the bill

won't boost American GDP growth

enough for

this tax bill to pay for itself.

You are a fiscal conservative, does

adding to the American debt concern

you?

I would have rather they found a way

not to have it be a deficit

spend.

But I do think that the corporate

aspects of this bill will

get the economy accelerating

and increased investment.

As anyone from London

knows better than anyone

capital goes where

it is treated best.

We have not been treating capital

very well in the United

States for some time, as opposed

to London's financial centre.

We need to get the tax rate

down so corporations

are going to want to be here,

invest their capital here.

And corporations are

clearly very happy

with this bill, as are wealthier

Americans who are looking at a very

big tax cut.

But what about the argument

that this tax bill does very

little for poorer and lower

working class Americans,

lower income people?

If you want to have jobs

you have got to have capital

investment which means

the people you have just

been talking about have

to be wanting to invest.

That is one side.

But the other thing is, if you look

at the rates, this bill is a tax

cut for virtually everyone

across the spectrum, and a larger

percentage tax cut for those

at the bottom of the spectrum.

Right, but you are

asking corporations to

reinvest in the country

and to produce jobs,

but even the Treasury Secretary,

when he asked a group of

American CEOs what

they were going to do

with this tax windfall,

are you

going to invest back

into the economy and invest into job

creation, they did not

put their hands up.

They said, no, they were going

to return it to their

shareholders.

I saw that question

and answer period.

I am not so sure that

is actually right.

Inevitably when corporate

tax rates are lower

then more capital flows back

into the United States

or whatever country does it.

We saw that when Ireland

lowered their tax rates.

I am confident we will have

more capital coming in.

Ultimately that capital

will get invested.

The other aspect is the immediate

deduction of capital goods

acquisitions.

Let me just ask you about the way

this bill was done.

Handwritten notes on the Senate

version of the bill.

Votes taken at two or three

o'clock in the morning.

If you want the American

people to understand

what is in this bill

is

that the best way to do it?

No.

We always used to tell

our kids, nothing

good happens after

midnight, and I think

that is probably true

for a

lot of different kinds of things.

It would be better to have a more

orderly process but I have to say,

the end product is pretty good.

Thank you very much.

Keep it in the daytime, kids.

Thank you very much.

Live to Capitol Hill. Every

expectation that this tax bill is

going to go through the house, then

it goes to the Senate, then to the

President's desk, he wants to sign

it before Christmas, he says

Americans will get a big tax

reduction. It is politically a big

gift at the moment to the Republican

party but the nature of this tax

bill seems so skewed in favour of

wealthy Americans rather than less

well off Americans that some

Democrats are thinking if they pass

that this could come back to haunt

them and help us in future

elections.

It is a gamble if you

give corporations money do they

create enough growth to pay for the

tax cuts, that is the gamble.

Does

trickle down economics work? Plenty

of economists will point to it

working, plenty of economists will

point to is not working. We have at

Republican senators saying they

prefer to believe the economists who

say that it will boost growth and

the economy and jobs as well.

We

will start to see what it does just

before the mid-term elections.

For most people, Christmas just

ain't Christmas without

the traditional roast turkey.

In the UK it is still

the most popular thing

to serve on the 25th -

and often for several

days afterwards!

Archaeologists in Devon believe

they have unearthed the oldest

turkey bones ever discovered

in the UK - dating back almost

500 years old.

Jon Kay has the story.

A traditional turkey dinner

with all the trimmings,

but it seems they've been gobbling

it up here in Devon for much longer

than anybody realised.

At Exeter University,

a surprise discovery.

At first I wasn't sure because it

looks like a giant chicken.

In a pile of ancient animal remains,

found here in the '80s,

two mysterious thigh bones

and a wing.

Archeologists have now established

they're from an American species

of turkey nearly 500 years ago,

believed to be the oldest

ever found in Britain.

I started knocking on doors

and showing off just how excited

I was by actually telling other

people, "look what I found."

But, yes, so it is very nice

and it's really great for a zoo

archeologist to actually have this

connection with history.

We've got a plate and a bowl.

The bones could be dated

because they were found

with a pile of washing up -

crockery from a grand

feast in the early 1500s,

which is when the first

turkeys arrived here.

These were an exotic bird,

brand new into the country.

You know, people wouldn't

have heard of it.

What did it taste like?

You know, what is this giant bird?

The first turkeys are said to have

been imported by the explorer

William Strickland in the 1520s

after he bought six

from some native Americans.

Well, Strickland is said to have

sold his birds for tuppence each.

Five centuries later,

turkeys are rather bigger business,

10 million of them due to be sold

in Britain just over Christmas.

Off we go then, turkeys.

This Devon farmer wonders

if the bones found down the road

might be from those original birds.

Potentially these, in some way,

are direct descendants

of the ones that arrived,

and here they are back in Devon.

So that's quite nice.

In what else but a sandwich box,

the turkey bones have now been taken

to the city museum

to go on display after

Christmas dinner.

Jon Kay, BBC News, Exeter.

We had turkey for Thanksgiving. I am

going to do goose. If I am not

around after Christmas that will be

because the goose burnt my house

down. Germany has marked the first

anniversary of the terror attack in

which 12 people were killed. Angela

Merkel was among those attending the

ceremony. Authorities say mistakes

were made including bills being sent

to the families for the cost of

autopsies. Angela Merkel said it was

time to connect the things that went

from. 12 people were killed in that

attack on the Christmas market. 70

people were injured. The authorities

were criticised at the time for

security feelings.

Let us go back to Capitol Hill, we

can get those live pictures from the

house of representatives. They are

voting on that Republican tax bill

at the moment. At the moment 212

Republicans in favour, ten have

faltered against. That is

interesting to see who has fought

against. Democrats, 182. Every

expectation that it will pass,

pretty much along party lines, they

are desperate to get this done, they

have not had a big piece of

legislation, and they cannot wrap up

this year with nothing done.

President Trump would not accept it.

Plenty of applause. It looks like it

is going through.

When does that go

to the Senate? Later today. We are

expecting to go and if you average

time.

You will be in bed. I will be

in bed. Do text when it goes

through.

This is Beyond 100

Days from the BBC.

Coming up for viewers on the BBC

News Channel and BBC World News:

The superagers living longer

and healthier - and the drugs

the might help the rest

of us do the same.

And the stories behind

these faces and flags.

We speak to our China and Europe

editors on the year that was -

and the one that's still to come.

That's next.

After what was a foggy start in a

few places some of us got to enjoy

some sunshine today. It was

beautiful for our weather watcher in

Stockton on Tees but I suspect this

scene from Starling is more

representative of what most of us

will see over the next few days.

Cloud is no coming from the

Atlantic. I head of that mile are

being drawn from the south West

providing cloudy conditions through

this evening. Misty and murky

conditions over hills in the West. A

spot of drizzle as well. Not as much

fog as we saw last night in East

Anglia and the south-east. The

Apache band of rain across central

areas of the country by morning with

some clear skies.

-- patchy band of rain across

central areas of the country.

To the north of that a better chance

of early sunshine. Easy in the far

north. Northern areas with the best

chance of sunny breaks through the

day. This weather fronts dragging

its heels across northern England

and north Wales. To the south of

that, cloudy conditions.

Temperatures for many getting into

double figures. Our week whether

fans will still be with us on

Thursday, journeying further

north-east. Misty and murky

conditions. Best chance of

brightness across the north-east of

Scotland. Here it will be chilly,

but still mild ear. The weather

fronts will get squeezed out by this

area of high pressure which tries to

dominate our weather on Friday.

There could be some Zelda Perkins

rain. A lot of cloud around. Some --

there could be some patchy rain. As

we head towards Christmas it will

stay miles. There will be rain at

times particularly in the north.

This is Beyond One Hundred Days,

with me Katty Kay in Washington -

Christian Fraser's in London.

Our top stories.

Donald Trump's national security

advisor HR McMaster tells the BBC -

the US wants a solution

on North Korea - with, or without,

Pyongyang's cooperation.

Lawmakers have just passed the

biggest overhaul of the US tax

system in more than three decades

but not without fierce opposition.

Coming up in the next half hour.

Putting the ageing

process on ice - the drug

which could help us live longer

- and healthier.

The year that was for our China

and Europe editors -

they're with us to help make sense

of 2017 - and the stories keeping

them busy into the new year.

Let us know your thoughts

by using the hashtag

'Beyond-One-Hundred-Days'.

In her first broadcast interview,

a former colleague of Hollywood

producer Harvey Weinstein has told

the BBC, how she was warned

about his behaviour -

and how she went on to warn other

women - that he could behave

in an inappropriate manner.

But Zelda Perkins says matters

escalated after he sexually

assaulted a colleague

and she accused him

of attempted rape.

Mr Weinstein denies all allegations

of non-consensual sex.

Our Entertainment Correspondent,

Colin Paterson, has the story.

To put it into context this was 19

years ago, 1988. Harvey Weinstein

was at the peak of his powers. Just

about to release Shakespeare in Love

which would win him an Oscar. Bella

's personal assistant then in the UK

Zelda Perkins and was then 24 and

she quit. She explained that she

endured a number of years of sexual

harassment but then came the final

straw.

It came to a head when he sexually

assaulted, attempted

rape on a colleague?

Yes, we were at the Venice film

Festival and he tried to rape her.

What did you do?

She was distressed.

She was terrified

of the consequence.

I tried to calm her

for about half an hour.

Then I went straight downstairs

to where Harvey Weinstein was having

a business meeting on the terrace

and told him he needed

to come with me right away.

For me to have broken into a meeting

like that was unusual

and he did not question me,

he came with me straightaway

because he knew why I was angry.

So you accused him?

Yes.

He denied it?

Yes.

He said nothing had happened

and he swore on the life of his wife

and children which was his get out

of jail card.

He used that quite a lot. Now the

women secured legal representation

and they were hoping to bring down

Weinstein by revealing his behaviour

to Disney owned his company but

their lawyers said that was not a

realistic option and the only option

was a damages agreement.

That included the creation

of a complaints procedure

and therapy for Harvey Weinstein.

It is not known if these

stipulations were carried out.

Zelda Perkins signed

a non-disclosure agreement

and received a sum of £125,000.

She calls for Britain to follow

the example of a number of US States

and end the practice of allowing

sexual assaults to be hidden behind

non-disclosure agreements.

A spokesperson for Harvey Weinstein

says he unequivocally denies any

allegations of non-consensual sex.

A good point there that these

alleged assaults are being hidden

behind nondisclosure agreements.

This is not the first case we've

seen this. There was one covered by

CNN at the weekend about a Fox

contributor who had signed a

nondisclosure agreement with Fox

News and had effectively been

silenced and had not been able to

get work since.

Yesterday has been a

lot of pushback against these

nondisclosure agreements since the

Weinstein case because they

perpetuate what women say is a

culture of silence and also means

that women cannot warn other women

about predators. So here in the US

women are saying that they're going

to break nondisclosure agreements.

Time magazine called them silence

breakers.

What sort of trade deal does the UK

want with the European Union?

The debate in Britain is split right

now between those who want the UK

to remain close to the rules

of the single market -

and those who want the UK

to go its own way, with the freedom

to sign its own trade deals.

The trouble is you can't

have it both ways.

Today Theresa May held talks

on the future relationship

with her full cabinet.

25 ministers were each given

an opportunity to speak.

It took an hour and 45 minutes

to get around the table.

At the end, the Prime Minister

gave very little away.

What she wants, she says,

is a bespoke deal, not a Norway,

not a Canada, but a deal

which secures a full trading

relationship with the EU.

Lord Malloch-Brown is a former

Foreign Office minister,

he was the former deputy secretary

general of the UN,

and he is with us in the studio.

You are taking on a new role in

coordinating the pro-remain groups,

what is it that you want?

Neither of

the above! Neither Norway or Canada.

I want to reverse Brexit and take a

second decision. The more we learn

about Brexit the more we see that

essentially we were mis-sold

something at the beginning of this,

the Financial Times reported this

week that the cost already to the

British economy is pretty much the

equivalent of the £350 million a

week than we thought we were going

to save and put into the NHS if we

left. So the economic costs are

mounting, the risks are huge, our

standing with friends and allies is

in real doubt. I've just come back

from Germany this morning and

frankly people are completely

perplexed by this.

Are the risks

huge because I read this evening

that the UK has topped the four best

countries for business, factory

orders are booming for next year

because of the cheap pound sterling.

And the other thing that remain are

still unexplained is what kind of

Europe they want to belong to, is it

a Europe, a United States of Europe

because that seems to be the

direction it is heading in.

Well

versed on the facts if you like,

there is a little bit of

manufacturing boom because of the

depreciation of the pound, that same

depreciation though that makes food

more expensive in the shops,

holidays more expensive abroad. And

which ultimately, the parts going

into manufacturing, that cost will

go up as well so it is short-term

shot in the arm. And what kind of

Europe, I think it is pretty clear

that the UK is always going to be in

the kind of outer rim of Europe, not

part of the euro, we will always be

sceptical about the integration

ambitions of the French or whatever.

But the fact is it is a comfortable

place to be, many other Europeans

feel the same way. It is a pity that

we have separated ourselves from

them and lost her voice to influence

the debate inside Europe.

So you are

spent your whole career working in

organisations like the UN and

British Government promoting

democratic processes and good

governance. Are you at all concerned

that by trying to organise people in

the Roman camp against this

referendum that there might be a

dangerous president of undermining

democratic processes because after

all the referendum was taken and the

British people voted and we should

respect that?

Democracy is about

continuing not a final for every

choice. We have a referendum in the

1970s after all which said let us be

in. So if that was the last word why

did we have another. And again the

fact is in the same way that we

change government through the ballot

box when we decide that the

government has let us down, those

who made the case for Brexit are in

the process of letting us down. All

the claims are being exposed as

wrong, and we are simply not going

to get the glories of getting our

cake and eating it as the promised

wanted. We're not going to have a

trade deal without any costs. We're

not going to have alignment of

regulations with Europe unless that

also governs trade with the rest of

the world. And we will not have any

of that except as Boris Johnson

calls it, as a vassal state because

were no longer going to be a rule

maker but I will take. We are making

ourselves or at risk of making

ourselves a colony of Europe and not

a sovereign state member of Europe.

The voices are allowed on either

side. We will see where the chips

fall in the New Year. Thank you.

Reports in from Mexico, a bus

carrying tourists from US cruise

ship has crashed killing at least 12

people. It happened on a highway and

visitors bought 31 people were on

board the bus at the time.

They are perennial questions -

how do we look younger, live longer,

go faster, be stronger?

Now, scientists here

in the United States are predicting

that there will soon be drugs that

could help delay ageing.

In the second of his special

reports, our medical correspondent,

Fergus Walsh travels

to San Francisco and New York

to meet the so-called 'superagers'

who could hold the key -

and hopefully share with us all -

the secrets of a long

and healthier life.

New York Public Library,

one of the city's grandest

buildings, which has one

of the city's oldest employees.

Hilda Jaffe is still going strong

at 95, so what's her

secret to a long life?

Pick your parents, it really is.

It's got to be genetic

because both my parents lived long.

Good morning, Fergus,

I'm glad you could meet me here

in this absolutely beautiful room.

Hilda gives tours of this historic

building when she's not

at the theatre, music concerts,

opera or her two book clubs.

I don't exercise,

I walk, I walk a lot.

If I had to give anybody advice

I would say, just keep moving.

Samples of Hilda's DNA are stored

in this freezer in the Bronx,

part of a study into longevity.

They found only one in 10,000 people

has protective superager genes,

but say drugs might be able to help

the rest of us.

Metformin is an old,

cheap diabetes drug,

but a major trial is planned to see

if it can delay ageing.

I can get you 690 of those for $60.

Scientists here believe it may slow

the biological processes that

trigger key diseases.

We have data in humans that

metformin would delay cardiovascular

disease and will delay diabetes

and is associated with less cancer,

and seems to delay Alzheimers

or cognitive decline in people.

Ageing is an inevitable process

which begins as we reach adulthood

and continues through the decades

as our muscles, bones

and organs gradually wear out.

This tai chi group in San Francisco

show that we can delay that decline,

it helps with balance,

core strength and provides

a social network.

It makes me feel so young,

I have so much fun.

I feel like I'm in the

kindergarten of the universe.

My mother lived to 103.

I don't desire to live that long,

but I want to be as healthy

as I can, as long as I can.

That's an ambition we can all share.

Imagine a future where it

didn't hurt to get old,

where our joints didn't wear out?

It would have a huge impact

on our quality of life as we age.

This biotech company in California

has developed a drug to counter

one of the key diseases

of ageing, osteoarthritis.

Human trials of this experimental

compound should begin next year.

This is an area of the cartilage

that is now diseased.

You can see the

cartilage is damaged.

It works by clearing cells

which build up in the knee joint,

which maybe a trigger

for the painful condition.

A single injection that we believe

and hope will alleviate their pain

and begin the restorative process

in their knee to perhaps at least

halt, regress and even completely

repair the knee in the end

is what our wildest

hopes would imagine.

That would mean more people

could age like Hilda,

free of aches and pains

and independent well into their 90s.

Fergus Walsh, BBC News, New York.

I failed to get you a Christmas

present so that is it, longevity

pills.

This is Beyond One Hundred Days.

Still to come - What

do you make of 2017?

We'll be putting that to our China

and Europe editors as they reflect

on the year that was -

and look ahead to

the one that's coming.

Here in the UK, bomb disposal

officers have raided a house

in Derbyshire after a man

was arrested on suspicion

of plotting terror attacks.

In total four men have been

detained after raids

in Sheffield and Chesterfield.

Our correspondent,

Danny Savage, reports.

On a terraced street

in Chesterfield today, Army bomb

disposal experts were

looking for explosives.

They have been here for hours.

Counter-terrorism officers arrested

a 31-year-old man here this morning.

In the predawn darkness,

armed police were pictured guarding

the scene as the raid took place.

At the edge of the cordon, people

evacuated from their homes couldn't

believe what was happening

in their streets.

They come banging on the door

saying, "You need to evacuate."

My grandad refused

to leave the house.

He's still in there now.

The only one on the street.

And they said, "It's

for your own safety, bomb

disposal are here."

They made everyone else

leave apart from him.

Arrests were made elsewhere too,

as police took action against an

alleged Islamist terror plot

against the UK that could have come

to fruition over Christmas.

Although the most

obvious activity was in

Chesterfield, about 15 miles away

in the Burngreave area of Sheffield,

two other men were arrested.

A business was raided,

and another man

was arrested in Meersbrook, where

local people heard stun

grenades being used.

We were woken up at about 5:30

by a really, really loud bang.

Initially we did think that somebody

had crashed outside our house.

So we were looking outside,

and all we could see were police

officers in riot gear.

They were storming a house

across the road from us.

There was lots of running

about, lots of shouting.

This is the Fatima Community Centre

in Sheffield, where

two of the detained men

were arrested in bedsits

adjoining the centre.

These were co-ordinated

counter-terrorism raids, which may

have stopped a plot timed

to coincide with the

Christmas holidays.

2017 has been a very busy

year around the world.

This week we're going to pick

the brains of the BBC's top editors

to get the key issues

from their different

areas of the globe.

We're starting with

Europe and China.

Here in Europe, Brexit rolls on.

So does Jeremy Corbyn.

Populism was defeated in France,

Macron is the new Emperor.

But in Germany the AFD

are in the Bundestag.

And Angela Merkel is wobbling.

In China, Xi Jinping becomes

the most powerful leader since Mao.

We'll be speaking to Carrie Gracie -

our China Editor and our

Europe Editor, Katya Adler in just

a moment - but first,

this gives you a flavour

of what they've been

covering this year.

And where is Carles Puigdemont and

after he declared the new Catalan

republic, when he left Barcelona

this weekend and came here to the

medieval town of Tirana. His

hometown and also known as the

heartland of Catalan nationalism.

This is the art of the deal

according to Trump, it says you

can't be imaginative if you have too

much structure. But this is the art

of war, essential reading for

Chinese statesman, it says know your

enemy, know yourself. The supreme

victory is to subdue your enemy

without a fight.

Well Katya and Carrie

are with us now.

The perception from this side of the

Atlantic is it has been a very good

year for Xi Jinping, he has amassed

a lot of barrelled through the

Congress and China is expanding and

possibly stepping into the space

that America is living in terms of

global leadership. How is it seen

from China?

Exactly like that, I

think many Chinese feel that

President Trump has contributed not

to making America great again but

making China great again over the

past year. And that of course is the

big theme of Xi Jinping, the great

rejuvenation of the Chinese people.

And I know you have been talking

about the strategic security review

in the United States and this

discussion about seeing China as a

rival rather than a cooperative

power. But for the past year

suddenly the United States has

provided an opportunity, the arrival

of Trump provided an opportunity for

President Xi Jinping because with

him pulling back on climate change

and on big trade agreements for the

Asia-Pacific, that has given Xi

Jinping the opportunity to step into

those shoes and present himself as

the mature and responsible

statesman.

I can also imagine that

the Chinese are a bit confused about

what the American president thinks

of their leader. Let's listen to

some of the conflicting things he

has said.

We cannot continue to

allow China to break our country.

They have taken our money, they have

taken our jobs. China is a currency

manipulator. America has lost 70,000

factories. Since China entered the

world trade organisation. When you

look at China, when you look at

every country, every trade deal we

have, it is horrible. It is going to

be only America first. Who can blame

a country for being able to take

advantage of another country. For

the benefit of its citizens. I give

China great credit.

I'm confused and

I have been following this story

nonstop for the past year.

It is

interesting because the Chinese are

not confused, they see this as a

cycle, as an electoral cycle on the

US, there are quite cynical about

that and also they see it as a

historical cycle as in every time a

US president comes into power,

certainly over the past 15, 16

years, they have said we're to take

China as a big strategic issue. For

George W Bush, his administration

were all set to stay the same thing

is roughly that we had Donald Trump

saying yesterday but then September

the 11th happened and the United

States needed China in other ways.

2009, Barack Obama, the financial

crisis around the globe. And all

kinds of domestic political problems

as well as problems in the Middle

East. So then he got distracted from

that. And now President Trump, he

wanted to come into power and to get

tough with China but then he needed

them on North Korea and yet again

the rhetoric has been deluded. I

think the thing the Chinese would

look at now is the message yesterday

that this is arrival, a revisionist

power and economic, military and

ideological terms, hostile to US

values. They will want to know now

that is just rhetoric or if it is

for real.

It seems that everybody is

trying to work out how to play

Donald Trump. The Germans and French

have gone and it in different ways.

When it comes to Donald Trump,

looking at the EU you have 28 member

states and looking at him and really

wondering always what is going to do

next. Trade is on the minds of the

EU but also security. Because since

the end of World War II Europe has

depended on the US for its global

security. If you look at Angela

Merkel she is someone who always has

her eye on domestic issues yes and

especially at the moment but always

on the bigger picture, someone who

grew up in East Germany and is very

much aware of its Nazi past, looking

at Fatima Putin as knowing that he

would like to weaken the unity of

the EU. She looks at Donald Trump,

he took quite a hit when campaigning

for president at the EU as well.

Worried about his commitment to

Nato, his personal commitment to

Nato and this worries France as much

as Germany as well. And every other

single European Union state. They do

not know what to make of him, they

do believe he's here to stay and the

thinking in Brussels is that he

could be elected for a second term

so they are not to alienate him and

criticise him and they are taking

steps within the EU to try to

bolster their own defence a little

bit more and not just rely on the

US.

Yet I get the impression that

Emanuel Macron sees an opportunity

here on climate change and perhaps

Iran as well, and he is worked out

that if you soothe his ego you can

do an awful lot with Donald Trump.

There was that famous handshake when

Emanuel Macron Matt Donald Trump and

he was going to be the one to really

shake that had family. I think what

will be interesting next year is

whether Emanuel Macron falls into

the same unfortunate boxers Barack

Obama at the time, you remember he

was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize

before he really achieved anything.

And Barack Obama in that way peaked

too early in global opinion. Is it

the same with Emanuel Macron, you

described in there as the new

Emperor of Europe. That title was

given previously to Angela Merkel

but her crown is now slipping.

Certainly she was uncomfortable with

the idea that she might take over as

the global leader in moral values if

you like after Barack Obama stepped

down. He chose his last visit as US

president to come to Berlin to see

her. But Germany and Angela Merkel

have gone through a very

uncomfortable phase, too much in the

limelight as leaders given though

economically and politically it is

still the strongest country in

Europe. But Emanuel Macron is not so

bashful. But how he lives up to that

reputation will have to see.

And

they gave a joint press conference

actually on Friday, I think they may

beware about his comments about who

has the upper hand at the moment.

Briefly, the big issue for China

next year?

I think the key issue for

China at the end of the day is

whether it solves its problem at

home because the reform is now 40

years old in China, they have huge

contradictory problems in the

economy going on with enormous

leverage with poverty, with

pollution, they have a property tax

effectively and no pensions that

work. So Xi Jinping needs to use

this new power he has to resolve the

key domestic problems which will

provide the launch pad to that

superpower status that he wants.

We

will be watching all of those

countries during the course of the

next year, thank you very much.

And on tomorrow's show -

Brexit, Trump, May and Moscow -

the year that was, and the year that

could be according to our UK

Political Editor, Laura Kuenssberg,

and North America Editor,

Jon Sopel.

That's tomorrow on Beyond One

Hundred Days, from 1900 GMT.

We look forward to that tomorrow.

Coming up next on BBC World News -

Ros Atkins is here with

Outside Source and for viewers

in the UK - we'll have the latest