Browse content similar to 05/09/2013. Check below for episodes and series from the same categories and more!
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about. The important thing is that she is safe now. We will have much | :00:00. | :00:04. | |
more for you at the top of the hour on the situation in Syria and the | :00:04. | :00:07. | |
discussions at the G20. Now it is time for us to meet the author, | :00:07. | :00:16. | |
Professor George Brock. In the last 20 years, the business of journalism | :00:16. | :00:20. | |
has changed out of all recognition. Traditional newspapers are finding | :00:20. | :00:21. | |
it harder and harder to keep going. New forms of activity which call | :00:22. | :00:28. | |
themselves journalism have started up in the digital world. A new book | :00:28. | :00:34. | |
looks at where journalism has been and where it may be going. The | :00:34. | :00:40. | |
author is George Brock, once a senior editor at the times, now | :00:40. | :00:43. | |
professor of journalism at city University in London. George Brock, | :00:43. | :00:49. | |
you say in this experiment, but it is not in ruinous | :00:49. | :00:51. | |
experiment, but it decline. If I were working for an | :00:51. | :00:59. | |
old—fashioned newspaper, I might have a problem with that because it | :00:59. | :01:04. | |
looks pretty ruinous to me. If you do work for a newspaper, of course | :01:04. | :01:08. | |
things don't look that good. There's nothing wrong with that point of | :01:08. | :01:09. | |
view. But there's more than nothing wrong with that point of | :01:09. | :01:12. | |
view. But there's more than newspapers, and it's more than the | :01:12. | :01:13. | |
newspapers that are threatened. What newspapers, and it's more than the | :01:13. | :01:17. | |
has happened in the disruption it has occurred is that the business | :01:17. | :01:20. | |
model of big, Dailly, General interest newspapers is very | :01:20. | :01:25. | |
magazines, other kinds of magazines, other kinds of | :01:25. | :01:30. | |
newspapers, television and online. One wants to be careful that you | :01:30. | :01:35. | |
don't see the whole scene just as pictured by a small, threatened | :01:35. | :01:40. | |
subspecies, which are the big newspapers. They will have a tough | :01:40. | :01:44. | |
time. More proportionally to the overall journalism world, but high | :01:44. | :01:47. | |
profile and significant. What is it that has put them in such peril? | :01:47. | :01:52. | |
Their business model, which depended on advertising, is broken, is that | :01:52. | :01:54. | |
it? It is the decline of it? It is the decline of | :01:54. | :01:57. | |
advertising. People don't any advertising. People don't any | :01:57. | :02:01. | |
longer, in lucrative volume, want to buy adverts in newspapers on the | :02:01. | :02:03. | |
same scale that they used to do. The same scale that they used to do. The | :02:03. | :02:08. | |
first sign of it was the newspapers that were dependent on small ads, | :02:08. | :02:13. | |
classified ads, jobs, houses and cars. That kind of information | :02:13. | :02:17. | |
web. And it could be done on web. And it could be done on | :02:17. | :02:22. | |
different business models, and that meant the decline of newspapers that | :02:22. | :02:26. | |
were heavily dependent on classified advertising. That is one of the | :02:26. | :02:29. | |
reasons why America newspapers declined so | :02:29. | :02:33. | |
dependent on advertising of that dependent on advertising of that | :02:33. | :02:35. | |
kind. That is why they slumped early on. One of the things that seems to | :02:35. | :02:38. | |
online, as journalists and news be happening | :02:38. | :02:47. | |
organisations look for new ways to organisations look for new ways to | :02:47. | :02:50. | |
survive and make money will store we are going back to a rather scrappy | :02:50. | :02:51. | |
model of journalism which actually are going back to a rather scrappy | :02:51. | :02:57. | |
was how journalism started in the 18th and 19th centuries. All sorts | :02:57. | :03:05. | |
of people paying for it, all sorts journalism that has always been | :03:05. | :03:05. | |
presented in the 20th ideal. For a very long time, | :03:05. | :03:12. | |
journalism unsavoury. What you might call the | :03:12. | :03:22. | |
highly modern period of big, daily papers really didn't last for very | :03:22. | :03:25. | |
long. Roughly speaking, the second half of the 20th century. Big, daily | :03:25. | :03:30. | |
papers as we know them in America and Europe came to their real power | :03:30. | :03:34. | |
and influence in the 1920s and 30s. and influence in the 1920s and | :03:34. | :03:38. | |
Actually, if you look at the Actually, if you look at the | :03:38. | :03:43. | |
numbers, they began to go into decline in the 1950s. British | :03:43. | :03:47. | |
newspapers, national newspapers began to slide downwards in the | :03:48. | :03:52. | |
circulation of the Daily Mirror was circulation of the Daily Mirror was | :03:52. | :04:01. | |
1966. So the internet is not solely responsible for the demise? It is | :04:01. | :04:06. | |
not solely responsible. It has made things a lot tougher and harder, but | :04:06. | :04:11. | |
of television, radio, satellite and of television, radio, satellite and | :04:12. | :04:18. | |
cable, they were all hammer blows, driving down newspapers. A lot of | :04:18. | :04:22. | |
journalism these days is digital, websites launched by organisations | :04:22. | :04:25. | |
and newspapers. There's also and newspapers. There's also | :04:25. | :04:29. | |
start—up websites, things that didn't exist in the past. If you | :04:29. | :04:34. | |
wanted to characterise modern, digital journalism, how would you do | :04:34. | :04:39. | |
it, what makes it different from the old—fashioned traditional | :04:39. | :04:43. | |
journalistic approach? What it allows is greater choice. If you | :04:43. | :04:49. | |
don't have a choice in the pre—digital age, it is likely that | :04:49. | :04:53. | |
digital is going to supply. Take the example of America. American | :04:53. | :04:54. | |
journalism on the whole, journalism on the whole, very | :04:54. | :04:57. | |
serious, sober, respectable at the daily paper level. Not many papers | :04:57. | :05:00. | |
that we would call tabloid Public papers in America would survive. | :05:00. | :05:05. | |
What digital has done is to give back to American journalism that | :05:05. | :05:11. | |
fairly tasteless aspect of fairly tasteless aspect | :05:11. | :05:15. | |
societies. It is what offended journalists would | :05:15. | :05:17. | |
Market journalism, but some of it is Market journalism, but some of it is | :05:17. | :05:19. | |
very bouncy, very clever, very quick, very funny. That is what | :05:19. | :05:21. | |
people like. worries so many observers inside and | :05:21. | :05:29. | |
outside journalism, is that it has become more and more difficult to | :05:29. | :05:31. | |
sustain journalistic enterprises journalism properly. Surely that is | :05:31. | :05:38. | |
the big threat posed by digital the big threat posed by digital | :05:38. | :05:45. | |
media. It is. But one of the reasons that I wrote this book was to | :05:46. | :05:49. | |
convince people of my own view, which is that I think the corner has | :05:49. | :05:54. | |
been turned. The tilting point we've reached. You can look at some of | :05:54. | :05:58. | |
these online news businesses and you can see the big possible journalism | :05:58. | :06:03. | |
institutions of the future. These are not all tiny start—ups anymore. | :06:03. | :06:07. | |
Some of these people are beginning to challenge the existing | :06:07. | :06:17. | |
journalistic powers as disruptors. I visited one which reports near New | :06:17. | :06:18. | |
York. Their target is the local York. Their target is the local city | :06:18. | :06:23. | |
section of the New York Times. They've only got about ten people so | :06:23. | :06:28. | |
far, but if they get to 20 people they say, we can take on that | :06:28. | :06:33. | |
section of the New York Times, which employs 60 journalists, so we are | :06:33. | :06:36. | |
three times better than them. It may turn out to be true. Coming back to | :06:36. | :06:39. | |
newspapers, there's a newspapers, there's a lot of | :06:39. | :06:42. | |
speculation that before long, some big titles in the UK will opt for an | :06:42. | :06:47. | |
online, digital publication only, they'll get rid of the expensive | :06:47. | :06:51. | |
business of dead trees, printing and distribution. Do you think that will | :06:51. | :06:54. | |
happen, and which ones will go first? A lot of people when looking | :06:54. | :07:01. | |
at British papers choose the at British papers choose the | :07:01. | :07:07. | |
Guardian, because it's been very advanced and innovative online. | :07:07. | :07:08. | |
was looking at it, I'd pick the was looking at it, I'd | :07:08. | :07:14. | |
Financial Times to wind down its print version first. I | :07:14. | :07:16. | |
it will happen quite that radically. I think people will go | :07:16. | :07:23. | |
week, and they will see how that down to once a week or twice a | :07:23. | :07:25. | |
week, and they will see how that works and whether they can keep the | :07:25. | :07:26. | |
20 year scale on the outside will be people | :07:26. | :07:41. | |
20 year scale on the outside will be there, some of them think | :07:41. | :07:45. | |
between five to ten years. Two big things will happen. Happen. People. | :07:45. | :07:50. | |
Switching off print, or not doing print every day. Very big journalism | :07:50. | :07:54. | |
institutions. The other thing is that high—tech companies will start | :07:54. | :07:57. | |
buying the newspapers. You saw it the other day with the Washington | :07:57. | :07:59. | |
post. | :07:59. | :08:00. |