15/12/2015 Outside Source

This is Outside Source. Let's look at the top stories: First of all to

the West Coast of the States. Over a thousand schools have been shut in

Los Angeles after an unpressified threat. New York officials say they

got the same threat and considered it a hoax. There's suggestions that

the LA threat will fall into that category too. The British astronaut,

Tim Peake, has made it aboard the International Space Station

accompanied by colleagues from Russia and the US. The journey took

six hours. He's already had time to meet up with those already there and

to give him mum a call on earth. We're live in Washington in a

moment, to talk about the latest televised Republican debate in Las

Vegas no. Doubt what Donald Trump had to say about Muslims come

intoing the US will be in the thick of things. -- coming into the US

will be in the thick of things. And we'll take a decent amount of

time at the end of the programme to talk about capitalism. There's an

event in Central London, it's just finished, and it's considering

capitalism's role in the problems of our time, but also the solution

that's we need. This plays into many of the stories we cover. We invited

two participants. We will listen to them talk in a minute.

As I was mentioning, the latest Republican presidential debate is on

US television later. It is the first since Donald Trump said he supports

a temporary ban on Muslims entering the country. Let's speak to catty

came live. I guess there is no getting away from this idea of

Donald Trump's. Presumably it is going to be dead centre of the

discussions? Yes, what has happened since he made that proposal to ban

Muslims in the US, he has gone up even further in the polls. He is at

41% in one national poll. He is still the Republican front runner.

Every time he's says something that may sound in century or may sound as

though he has gone too far, his supporters thanking for it even more

and his poll numbers grow even higher. He will have a lot of

attention tonight. The onus is on him to appear presidential, to look

like somebody who could be elected. The ban on Muslims will come up. The

other person people will be looking at is Ted Cruz, the senator who is

nipping at Donald Trump's heels in the state of Iowa. Otello -- tell

all of our viewers about Ted Cruz. What does he offer? What is his

point of difference with Donald Trump? He is an interesting

character. He is very bright. Harvard Law School. Texas senator. I

have not met a senator in the US Senate who likes him. He has made a

lot of enemies in the Senate, which is part of his appeal to his

supporters. He is a senator but they hate him in the Senate, that is what

he says. That is because he is such an outsider and he is prepared to

annoy every single member of his own party. He is very Conservative, more

evangelical, more Christian probably than Donald Trump. His support in

places like Iowa, a very Christian state, they like him because of

that. That is why he is rising in the polls. He is Conservative, he is

Christian and he paces off the Republican party establishment. When

is it on? It in just a few hours. You will get all of the results if

you are later. Thank you very much indeed. Straight to outside source

sport. 20 years ago, the so-called Bosman ruling drastically changed

the rules around European football transfers. I remember it. Its impact

is still felt today. What I do not remember so well is what brought it

all about and who exactly Bosman was. Here is a report from Patrick

Geary, who can help us. It contains some flash photography. These are

some of the most sought after footballers around. All of them were

transferred for nothing. The power of free movement underpins today's

game. Moderate players can go where they want when their contracts are

over. Arise and unremarkable bedridden with shoulder, John Marc

Bosman. -- arise and unremarkable Belgian player. Bosman ran out of

money, became an alcoholic and spent time in prison.

It is clear there have been real problems at some point but also I

had medical and psychological care and I am feeling much better. I also

have blood samples taken on a regular basis. There have been

difficulties. But it is now that life has started over. While

Bosman's like slit off the rails, it was soon clear his case would

empower his fellow players at the expense of their clubs. The way I

see it happening is that eventually the top players will be in a strong

position because at the end of their contract clubs will be vying for

their signature. In 2001, the name Bosman was back in the headlines

well -- when Sol Campbell crossed the north London divide from Spurs

to Arsenal. No money went the other way. Now Bosman transfers are part

of the game. Last summer James Milner and Danny Ings joined

Liverpool as part of the ruling. I was one of the first Spanish players

to come into the UK. I should be in favour of it. Football has benefited

from that multicultural input in every league. Today the man who

changed football sits on the sidelines. Fool 's errand paradise

and wise ones are in hell. That was the case with the Bosman ruling.

Everybody benefited except me. If someday summary remembers me, I will

give them my bank details. Football remembers Bosman the concept, not

Bosman the man. But it would not be the same sport without him.

Very interesting. Let's effect on a game wrapping up this time

yesterday. The school was an extraordinary 2-1 to Leicester City

over Chelsea. -- the score. The fallout continues. This is what Jose

Mourinho said after the game. That word betrayed, you do not hear

it often from managers when they are talking about their players. Lee

Foster, an extraordinary comment. I guess he is running out of options.

The carrot, the Stig, none of it seems to be working? No. The ninth

defeat that was for the champions. Only one point above the relegation

zone, 20 points behind Leicester City, leading the Premier League.

Little Leicester City. The word betrayed is a strong one. He said

his work was betrayed. He said he put four days work into this game,

told his players exactly where Leicester's strengths work, Jamie

Vardy and Riyadh Mahrez, the goal-scorers, and he said the

players betrayed his work. A lot of talk there has been in recent months

about whether he has lost the dressing room. Using that kind of

word, you think this is dangerous territory. There was a question and

answer session on Facebook today from Cesc Fabregas and Thierry

Henry. This is what Cesc Fabregas had to say, the Chelsea midfielder.

We all have to take responsibility. If you are a big player, you must

play like a big player and behave like a big player. Even when it is

not, the attitude has got to be right and the behaviour has to be

better than what we are seeing right now from every single Chelsea

player. They are taking some of the responsibility, but my word, they

have to start turning things around because as we all know it is not

players who are sacked. Thank you very much. Finally, I want to talk

about an incident in the NBA. A referee has come out as day after he

was verbally abused during a match. This is the man in question, Bill

Kennedy, a respected veteran referee. This is the player for the

Sacramento Kings who confronted Kennedy with homophobic insults

after the referee had penalised in during a game. The player said his

actions during the game were out of frustration and emotion. Not quite

sure what that has to do with anything.

I think he probably did mean to offend the referee. Kennedy said he

was proud to be a referee and he was proud to be a gay man.

Stay with us. In a couple of minutes we are going to be looking at issues

of inequality around the world. I will be speaking to two men who have

different ideas about the role of capitalism in creating problems and

what it offers us in terms of solutions.

We will see if they can agree on anything.

The birth rate in England is rising so rapidly that almost a million

places for secondary school pupils will have to be created over the

next decade. Super-sized schools are being considered. Here's Branwen

Jeffreys. A baby boom has created a demand for

more school places in inland. Parents feel something really

special would be lost. We will lose a lot of key parental involvement.

Is it going to be any more competitive to be on the football

team if you have four classes? What happens here is not yet decided.

School sizes are booming. And with them, the debate about what that

means for children. Easier seven Soward one of England's biggest

schools. 16 forms of entry each year. More on this scale are planned

by several councils. Finding your way is a challenge but pupils

thought parents worry too much. like, dad, don't worry about it, it

may be a big school but I will make friends. You learn to find your way

through. You are old enough to realise your way around. That

includes navigating the queue at lunch. When this school opened in

1964 with 1500 pupils, it was one of the biggest in England. Now there

are more than 2500. Just to give you an idea of the scale, this dining

room serves up 6000 lunches every single week. The choice of subjects

is a reflection of the school size. From hairdressing to three modern

languages, all taught by specialist teachers. There is not much evidence

school size makes academic results any worse. How do you create a

community with good discipline? To through a strong pastoral system,

having clear expectations about standards and what we believe except

and not accept. Through working with youngsters through that system to

make sure they understand. More super-sized schools are on the

horizon. Some parents will still prefer

small. Welcome back. Our lead story remains

the situation in Los Angeles were more than a thousand schools have

been shot. It is to do with an unspecified threat. New York

officials say they received the same threat and considered it a hoax. Now

they say in Los Angeles they may increasingly see it as a thread as

well. Coming up after words outside of the UK, we look ahead to the next

Republican debate in the United States. Donald Trump's Commons on

Muslims likely to be a talking point. The news at ten in the UK

will have more on what has been a successful day for astronaut Tim

Peake. They will be live from the place in Kazakhstan where Tim Peake

took off. Over the conference has been going

on in London this week organised by UCL. It is about capitalism and

whether it is sustainable. If there might be alternatives to it. How

capitalism functions is at the heart of a lot of the stories we cover. We

thought we would take a few minutes to explore this idea. We have

invited two of those attending, Liam Halligan, an economist, and another

economist from Moscow. I guess discussions about capitalism often

focus on equality. We have three graphs to show you. This is a share

of the US national income. It is almost as high as it has ever been.

The second graph looks at the decline of the US middle class. You

may have seen a lot written about this in recent weeks. You can see

the amount of money are middle class has it reducing. This looks at the

rate at which the global level of poverty has fallen. Once statistic

is that world poverty fell by 80% between 1970 and 2006. Statistics

will only get us so far. Let's talk to our guests. Thank you for coming.

When you consider the idea of wealth redistribution addressing

inequality, do you think we are on to the best system? I think

capitalism is the worst possible way of organising society apart from all

the other ones. It is clear from your graphics that even though

capitalism has been very successful as it has spread around the world

and lifting people out of poverty, literally hundreds of millions of

people have been lifted out of poverty in the last ten to 15 years

as we have had globalisation, there has been less inequality between

countries now as a result of capitalism. Clearly in the Western

world capitalism is in crisis. You have got a squeezed middle class,

lower social mobility and consent for capitalism falling. But it is

better than anything else? I would agree with Liam. It seems that

nowadays capitalism does not operate appropriately. Despite the

impressive increase in poverty reduction relative to the 1970s,

today there is a deficiency of aggregate demand. That is producing

a crisis. You both know a lot about Russia. Can we learn any lessons

about what is happening with the Russian economy, how it started to

embrace capitalism? I lived in Russia during the heady days of the

early to mid 90s. You were there as well. Of course, it was a terrible

transition. A lot of people were vulnerable. I would say that most

Russians, if you talk to them, there are winners and losers. Most

Russians would say that the current system, despite its successors,

despite the oligarchs, life in general for the median person is

better. You can be an entrepreneur. There is more food. It is not quite

as we would like it in the West but for a lot of Russian people they

have a better life than did their grandparents. I think that is very

disputable in Russia. Nostalgia for the Soviet system is growing, not

only in Russia but in former Soviet republics. The main lesson is that

under investing Manufacturing, and relying on extraction of oil and the

proceeds of oil from the world market, Russia became very

vulnerable. That is revealed by the current economic crisis and Russia

sanctions. I am not overly inspired by your message on Russia. That at

least it is a little bit better than when it was really bad. Shouldn't we

be aiming some -- for something higher? What has happened in Russia

in the last 20 years, let's say 100 years of Western history has been

compressed. You have had history on fast forward in Russia. If you look

at the income distribution, even at the top of society you have a gilded

elite, the oligarchs, the klepto cracks -- GDP per head has gone up

compared to the bad old days. Even Western statistics, if you look at

the coefficient, the Genie coefficient, the main measure of

inequality, it is roughly where it is now in Russia to where it is in

the US. It is not quite as unequal as it looks in the news bulletins.

Couple of other issues want to raise with you watching. It is about the

governments that people around the world are choosing and what that

tells us about attitudes towards capitalism. Let's begin with the

example of Venezuela. Really significant parliamentary elections

in recent weeks. The centre-right opposition won control of

parliament, something they have not had for almost two Becketts, because

the socialist movement has been in control. Not any more. In the UK,

early in the year the Conservatives won a full majority in the House of

Commons. We switch from the UK to Greece. This is a different example.

They -- at the beginning of the year Sira is won, a left-wing party. --

Syriza. But the Prime Minister says about his attitudes towards a sturdy

don't match up to what he promised. The Leader of the Opposition here in

the UK, leader of the Labour Party, Jeremy Corbyn, a man who proudly

calls himself a socialist and is far to the left of his predecessors,

Gordon Brown and Tony Blair. What can we learn about this? When you

look at elections around the world, do you see people turning away from

capitalism? I think yes. It is a clear manifestation of the failure

to live up to the expectations of people. It is obviously -- obviously

-- obvious that the austerity approach is not the solution to the

problems. Is it obvious? George Osborne would say austerity is

working. People from the ruling elite will, of course, argue that.

But why did people vote for Jeremy Corbyn in the Labour Party? The

Labour Party votes for Jeremy Corbyn. Whether he can win the

support of the country, we have to wait. Jeremy Corbyn is a media

phenomenon. Within the Labour Party lots of people voted for him. He has

the lowest approval rating since Michael foot, Labour leader in the

early 1980s. Venezuela is in trouble because the price of oil has gone

from 70 books to almost 30. Venezuela is extremely dependent.

90% of its exports depend on oil and gas. I think clearly, yes you do

have a lot of difficulties. A lot of capitalist societies got in the lot

of debt after the financial crisis. For that reason, governments in the

West and the emerging markets are having to tighten their belts. When

you get government 's tightening their belts and you have a

democracy, people get upset. Do you think we need to be working for a

different type of capitalism or do we need something different? Yes. I

think we need to rein in the excesses of capitalism. That is the

only way it can maintain consent and public support. And in the West

certainly we are in danger of not raining it in a North in my view.

Thank you for speaking to us. That is it for today's outside

source. Thank you for watching. By bye-bye.