04/02/2016 Outside Source

Hello, I am Christian Fraser. This is Outside Source. World leaders

meet in London to discuss Syria and raise over $10 billion in aid.

The crucial point about today is the money raised will save lives, will

give hope, will give people the chance of a future. The United

Nations has ruled that Julian Assange is being detained

arbitrarily. British police want to extradite him to Sweden. He has been

hiding out in the Ecuadorian Embassy in London for more than three years.

Former Friends start Matt LeBlanc has been named as co-presenter of

global TV programme, Top Gear. And we have a report from Sweden's old

cold war base which has been modernised to withstand the

perceived threat of Russia. Good evening. Turkey already plays

host to the largest number of Syrian refugees and the situation is about

to get worse, with tens of thousands more heading to its border. They are

trying to escape fighting around Aleppo in the north of the country.

We told you yesterday that the Syrian army was mounting a fairly

big offensive in the North, bringing an end -- bringing to an end a

three-year siege. That is backed by intensive Russian air raids.

Thousands of miles away in the safety of London, a fund raising

conferences taking place to raise money for those affected by the war.

Playing host, British Prime Minister David Cameron.

I would like to thank everybody who has come and been so generous with

their time and resources to help this desperate situation. We have

combined a renewed effort to address the shortfall in Umana Terry and

funding, with a new approach to provide the education that will

bolster stability in the region. All of this is vital work. Vital for

those suffering inside Syria. Vital for the refugees. Vital for the

countries in the region doing so much. And taken together, what we

are delivering today can play a crucial role in preventing refugees

from feeling they need to risk their lives on the treacherous journey to

Europe. The Prime Minister speaking area.

This is the figure the EU has placed. $3.3 billion. Germany has

pledged $2.6 billion. The UK, $1.7 billion extra. And from the United

States, $925 million. All told, with other donations, the pot has swelled

to more than ten billion dollars. Ben Brown has been telling me more

about how the money will be spent. Interesting that when you think

that they were actually being asked for $9 billion and that seemed

a pretty stunning amount of money by itself but they have come up

with more than that and dug deeper About half is going to be

immediately used this year. The other half is over the next few

years, up to 2020. The emphasis at this conference,

the fourth in a long line of these donor conferences on the Syrian

emergency, the emphasis has been about long-term aid,

helping those refugees, about four and a half million

of them, who have fled from Syria And helping them, because this war

isn't going to end any time soon, helping them get jobs,

which is why a lot of them come to Europe, because they say

they can't work in They're not getting jobs,

they're not getting work permits. The donors here want to try and stop

that buying Courage England to get jobs in the region where they are,

in the Middle East, and also to offer school places

for their children. -- by encouraging them. What they

have come up with according to David Cameron was a million jobs for

refugees and residents in these countries. And also a million school

places for the children are refugees, who are currently not

being educated. Real change and an awful

of money promised. We have to make sure that the money

that has been promised is delivered. In the last couple of years only

about 50% of what has been asked I was going to ask you about that

because I remember when I was in Egypt and are used to go to these

conferences for Gaza, a lot of the money that is there

in the headlines never materialises. Having said that, I think

there is a new determination and you sense that talking

to the delegates here, a new determination and it's really

self-interested you like, especially on the part

of the European nations like Britain for example, because of the migrant

crisis over the past few months, the stunning number of people

who have been risking their lives to make that perilous boat journey

from Turkey across the water into Greece and up into Europe,

because they want to try and stop that or reduce that as far

as possible, they know that they have to put more money

into countries like Jordan and Lebanon and Turkey to make life

more bearable for the refugees, the four and a half million refugees

who are in those countries. Ben Brown at the conference centre.

Let's take a look little deeper into how badly that money is needed.

There are 4.6 million Syrians that have fled the country so. Most of

them, as you can see, have stayed in neighbouring countries. Turkey

taking the bulk of them, but Jordan and Lebanon taking big numbers. In

Lebanon the population has grown by 25% since the war began. Clive Myrie

has been down here to the back our valley. It is on the border with

Syria. Earlier he sent this report. They have had a rough ride

in life, these children. Victims of a war they are too

young to understand. In this refugee camp

in Lebanon's Bekaa Valley, they are being given

back their childhoods, Meet Muhammad, who is 13,

and his brother Mustafa, They attend school five days a week,

like the 270 other youngsters But when school is out,

they and some of the other kids They work in the brick factory

that borders their home. Hard, but necessary

work for this family. "We work to help our father,"

Mustafa says, "because our little brother is sick.

He has cancer." Then they recall the day

they left their home "Around sunset, when it

started getting dark, The next day we came

here to Lebanon. As they toiled and heaved bricks,

in London, delegates at the conference for Syria,

raised more money to pay for the education of refugee

children and create well paying job Over lunch, Mustafa and Mohammed

admit life is hard. These children are mature way beyond

their years. They have had to grow up fast. Then there are little

brother appears. His cancer treatment and ongoing cause of

anguish for everyone. Our life here is difficult, says Mustafi. In Syria

we had everything. Millions of his countrymen now have nothing.

Plenty more on the BBC website if you want to look at the Syria story.

And also, if you have any questions and comments on what we are showing

you, do get in touch. The BBC understands that a UN panel

will report tomorrow that Julian Assange is being arbitrarily

detained in the Ecuador Embassy in London. He has been there since 2012

to avoid extradition to Sweden over a rape allegation that he denies. He

submitted this document to the UN panel stating his case.

Consideration of the facts, the panel now seems to have found in his

favour. But it is controversial. Some think the panel has got it

wrong, like the journalist, Toby Young.

Well, it would be morally binding if it made sense. But Julian Assange

has not been detained. He went to the Ecuadorian Embassy of his own

volition to seek asylum, which he has now been granted. He is not

being detained by the British authorities. If anything, he is

detaining himself. If what you mean is, is he under a moral obligation

to stop detaining himself, I suppose you are right.

It is not clear what that means. Others do not agree. Here is one of

them, Mr Assange's close adviser talking to us earlier.

Britain has supported this court, it is a tribunal in fact, as has

Sweden, who declared eye unfairly detained. It made submissions to the

court. You had that adversarial thing. If Britain is lost after

entering into the dispute, then Britain has an obligation, as does

Sweden, to obey it. WikiLeaks say they are waiting on

the official verdict before they comment. But WikiLeaks did put out

this tweet in which Mr Assange said he would accept arrest by British

police if the UN rules against him. He also said he expects the

immediate return of his passport and the termination of further attempts

to arrest him if it rules in his favour. Earlier I spoke to Sarah

Campbell outside the embassy. There are news crews from various

organisations waiting for any movements from the embassy.

Certainly nothing from inside. This is where Julian Assange has been for

the last almost four years, since June 2012, when he was facing

accusations of sexual assault from two women in Sweden. He moved into

the Ecuadorian Embassy and ever since then he has understood that

because of this European arrest warrant, were he to leave the

embassy, he would be immediately arrested and extradited back to

Sweden. That is why he went to the UN working group back in 2014,

arguing that he felt he was being arbitrarily detained. As we now

know, this UN panel has agreed with him. Obviously giving his campaign

moral support. But is it any more than that? Well, legally this

judgment will not be enforceable. Statements from Sweden and the UK

back that up. The Swedish prosecutors say this will make no

formal impact on their prosecution. A statement from the foreign office,

backed up by Downing Street, says that we have been consistently clear

that Mr Assange has not been detained in the UK but has been

voluntarily avoiding lawful detention by choosing to remain in

the Ecuadorian Embassy. Pointing out that an allegation of rape is still

outstanding and a European Arrest Warrant is in place. The UK has a

legal obligation to extradite him to Sweden. That tweet where he said

that he would expect them if this panel ruled in his favour, to give

him back his passport and allow him to leave, looks extremely unlikely.

Sarah Campbell. We will look at the reasoning behind this decision when

the report is tomorrow. There has been a heavy police presence on the

streets of Cologne as the city's annual carnival gets under way. More

than 2000 police officers are on patrol in the first major event

since New Year when many women were victims of sexual assault and

muggings, a majority of them blamed on migrants.

Anna Holligan is there. Today is known as ladies' night,

traditionally one of the most But there is something in the back

of everyone's minds this year, Carnival this year is being seen

as a big test of the authorities. TRANSLATION: This is probably

the safest Carnival there There is zero tolerance this year

for anybody who wants After those attacks at New Year

dozens of people of North African and Arab origin were arrested,

and it has led to some tension And something that we are hearing

from a lot of women is that they are slightly

anxious this year, They are determined to celebrate

this massive cultural event. Today it is rainy,

it is not too nice. It is one big party, it doesn't

matter where you are from, brown, white, yellow,

red, no problem. This is a crazy time and it's not

normal and we don't do So I think they know

what is happening here. More in a moment on the race for the

Democratic nomination in the US per day and -- presidential race.

Hillary Clinton and Bernie Sanders have been sparring over which of

them is the true progressive candidate.

Sad to report that a sperm whale that washed up on the beach in North

Norfolk has died. Rescuers in and stand and could not return it to the

sea. They tried to make it as comfortable as possible. Stephen

Marsh from the rescue group said it was unlikely the Animal would

survive in such conditions. Unfortunately when sperm whales do

get stranded there are very unlikely to survive. We felt it would die

tonight. It had not died during the day. I think that today the water

came in. They did not lifted. It did not float away. In a way we are

thankful that it has now been put out of its misery by an actual

death. This is the 29th sperm whale that has died in recent weeks in our

area of Europe. This is Outside Source. The

international donor conference in London has raised over -- placed

over $10 billion to help people displaced by the war in Syria. Here

are some of the stories that our colleagues at BBC World Service are

reporting. Police have carried out raids in Berlin and other parts of

Germany because of a suspicion that Islamic State is planning to carry

out an attack in the country. BBC Brasil says the president is calling

on people to work together in a day of action to eliminate the mosquito

responsible for the Zika virus. Thousands of you are reading about

the sperm whale stranded on a beach in north-east England, on our

website. We haven't told the last hours that the whale has simply

died. Does anybody remember the former

head of Turin pharmaceuticals? He raised the price of a life-saving

AIDS drug by 5000%. Yes, 5000%. Now he is being investigated by US

Congress. This is how that went today. Do you

think you have done anything wrong? On the advice of counsel I invoke my

fifth Amendment privilege against self discrimination and respectfully

declined to answer your question. He pleaded the fifth. Then said it was

hard to accept that these imbecile to represent the people in our

government. I would imagine he is not very popular. Our correspondent

is in New York. Izzy Public enemy number one? He has been called the

most hated man in America before. Even though people plead the fifth

at these kind of hearings, I think it was the way he had that smug look

on his face, loving -- laughing at Congress, calling them imbecile is,

twirling his pencil. It gave a sense of the colourful character and his

attitude and his disregard for the institution and lawmakers. He has

been very active on social media. He is a former pharmaceutical CEO who

has been in the spotlight for raising drug prices. He has welcomed

and in the crave the love of the media attention. That is why it is

interesting to see the reaction of people on social media, either

laughing along with him are sticking to that hating him line. He is

totally unapologetic about doing this. He has done it with another

drug, a parasitic drug? Yes, he said through his lawyer that he would

have wanted to answer questions. He said the claims by lawmakers are

false and that is part -- that it is part of the industry to make profit.

He is completely unapologetic. When you look at the life-saving drug and

the fact he rose it by 5000%, he had gone back and forth over whether the

company would start offering it for free or whether he would cut back on

price. Again, very unapologetic over what he says is the right of

industry and businessmen. Thank you. ! Turn to Auckland in New Zealand

were today they signed one of the biggest global trade deals in over

20 years. The US transatlantic partnership includes the US, Japan,

Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei, New Zealand, Mexico and Peru. But it

does not include the world's second largest economy, China. Those in

favour of the deal say it would free up trade and investment between 12

countries. Not everyone approves. Take a look.

There have been these protests. Those worried about their jobs and

the power it gives to some of the world's big corporations. But

getting back to the deal itself, there is plenty to look forward to.

Here is an explainer of who might benefit.

There are some in favour of it. Sweden has expressed concerns over

Russian military action in Ukraine. It has re-militarised and old Cold

War base in the Baltic Sea to combat this perceived threat from Moscow.

Paul Adams has travelled to the island of Scotland where he has been

speaking to senior Swedish commanders.

Sweden is spooked by Russia, jets entering its airspace, a suspected

submarine close to Stockholm. Russian actions in Ukraine. The

military is looking once more at a remote spot in the middle of the

Baltic Sea. Welcome to Scotland. -- Gotland. It is a former Cold War

stronghold. It has been a long time since the Swedish military paid any

attention to this place. But last year the Government said it would be

sending troops back to Gotland. An active service unit will eventually

be based here on the island. It is not very many but it is a way of

saying to Russia that Sweden will not leave this place undefended.

Meet Sweden's top general. He spends a good deal of his time wondering

what the Russians are up to. It is too much to say that we understand

it. We understand or did we know before it happened, the annexation

of Crimea? Did we know they were close to starting something in

eastern Ukraine? When it happens, it eastern Ukraine? When it happens, it

is obvious. But it is too much to say that we know what the next step

will be. This is one of the greatest challenges. What are they up to? For

decades this was the home of the Swedish military in Gotland. At the

height of the Cold War there were as many as 15 to 20,000 military

personnel on the island at any time. Now this is pretty much all

government offices. But a new chapter in Gotland's history is

about to begin. It is almost if you can say a dream come true. This

Lieutenant Colonel is back from civilian life to take charge of the

new battle group in Gotland. I was raised here as a lieutenant and

Captain and Major. I trained the soldiers. I maintain the equipment.

That was for about 20 years. So this is a strange time for you

personally? S yes, it is a comeback for me. I have been a civilian for

ten years. Now I have to go back to the Army again and I am very lucky

for that. The tanks are ready but the crews have yet to arrive. Sweden

says this small force could be reinforced. It is also symbolic. We

need to make sure that our Armed Forces are strong enough to show

that we could be the threshold to send signals saying that if you come

here, it will hurt. And it will. Gotland thought its

fortified days were in the past but Russia has turned back the clock.

Nobody expects an invasion but the Baltic is a nervous place these

days. Sweden does not want to be caught napping.

Sweden not the only country taking such precautions. We will be back in

a few minutes. Stay with us. Good evening. It is that time of day

to look at what the weather is doing elsewhere around the world. Stormy